List of Challenge Statement

ENGINEERING,
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

YOUTH PROGRAM
2016
(NORTHERN REGION CHAPTER)
ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

INDUSTRY CHALLENGE STATEMENT (P-01)
University/Industry Participation Form
Problem Statement/s
Background Information/
Scope of Research
Expected Deliverables
Development of Mobile Optical Instrument for Online Monitoring of Solar Ultra Violet Radiation: An
Essential Indicator for Health Risk Prevention.
Ultraviolet (UV) is part of the total solar electromagnetic spectrum that irradiates the surface of the
earth. According to World Health Organization (WHO), limited exposure by the solar irradiance may
provide warmth and thus improve human general feeling of comfort and assist in stimulating blood
circulation. In addition, solar UV radiation is also vital to the body as it encourage the production of
Vitamin D. However, human overexposure by this range of radiation is also commonly associated with
several serious health effects such as skin cancer, sunburn and photo-ageing.
Hence, when only selective quantity of UV exposure dose to human is beneficial while the other could
result in harmful effect, it is essential for us to derive a methodology or to a greater extend, to device
an instrument to determine whether or not we have been overexposed by solar UV radiation. There
are plenty of commercial UV meter available in the market. But mostly, if not all. only capable of
measuring instantaneous UV radiation instead of accumulated UV dose. Therefore, a sight of
innovation is foreseen for this research to be set in motion.
Construction of Optical-electronics device that capable of measuring cumulative solar UV radiation
dose.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Cancer is a research problem that spans the globe. According to the National Cancer Society of Malaysia, it is estimated that close
to100,000 people in Malaysia lives with cancer at any particular time. Colorectal cancer has now become the second most
common cancer among Malaysians after lung cancer and the incidence of colorectal cancers in Malaysia is still on the rise. In
addition, many patients succumb to resistance in standard treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation. Hence, the potential
impact of novel strategies in colorectal cancer treatment may be tremendous.
Experimental cancer therapeutics are defined as medical therapies used to treat cancer by complementing, supplementing or
replacing standard therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. These experimental cancer therapies encompasses
drug therapies, gene therapies, epigenetic therapies, telomerase therapies, radiation therapies, electromagnetic therapies; and
complementary and alternative medicine.
Drug therapies are based on compounds either derived from natural resources or synthetically made demonstrated to shrink
tumours. In both gene and epigenetic therapies, a certain molecular marker is identified for its cancer driving properties, in which
the marker is then inhibited specifically using drugs to inactivate its activity, hence reducing tumourigenesis. Telomerase is the
protein responsible for the immortality of cancer cells. Therefore, any strategies to inhibit the activity of telomerase may be
effective against tumorigenesis. Radiation therapies utilise precise light and heat to induce cell death in cancer cells while
magnetic hyperthermia employs magnetic nanoparticles to generate heat when subjected to an alternating magnetic field thus
killing the cancer cells.
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments are practices and products which are common among cancer
patients either as a complementary to existing treatment regime or as an alternative to standard chemotherapy. Natural products
have remained the cornerstone of cancer treatment and prevention for many decades. As each cancer patient has a unique
profile for cancer biomarker which affect response to treatments, new methods are constantly being developed treat cancer. This
project requires students to scout the literature from available resources to come up with a new idea for a product/ strategy as a
potential experimental cancer therapeutic.
A final report supported with experimental data on at least one of the following:
1. Novelty of the strategy with supported evidence from literature.
2. Preparation steps in obtaining the product to test on cancer cells.
3. Illustrate the possibility of reducing cancer cell growth using the novel strategy (product).


Problem Statement/s
Life span sensor battery is critical issue for internet of things (IOT) application
Scope of Research
The trend of Internet of Things (IOT) refers to the phenomenon in which not only computers, but all
sorts of devices with embedded computing capacity are interconnected. This includes self-driving
cars, drones, smart sensors, connected homes, and wearable devices. Together, these interconnected
pieces of equipment allow society to enter an era of smart devices. However, one of the challenging
issue in IOT is life span of sensor battery. Energy harvesting such as vibration based and temperature
different based device can be one of the solution for battery life span that can be easier to integrate
with sensor system.
A simple prototype of sensor integrated with vibration/temperature based energy harvesting device
by using PSoC micro controller


Problem Statement/s
Model of Portable Lab Scale Analyser for wastewater treatment
Scope of Research
In our life, water is an important thing that exist in daily necessity. Without a quality of water people
cannot survive daily activities. Heavy metal is define as a metals in certain level in concentration in
wastewater that may pose detrimental health effect. Basically, it will considered to be those when
density exceeds 5 g per cubic centimeter [1]. It is include lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel,
chromium, zinc, cadmium and tin. Industrial wastewater are emitted by sources such as industrial
wastes from mining sites domestic waste water, run off from roads, and manufacturing and metal
finishing plants. In order to avoid this particular effect, heavy metal must be removed to certain levels
to meet discharge requirements.
For the existing product, instrument has a larger size, complicated to operate the system, less
efficiency, take more time to analysis, manual operation and unacceptable data.
The challenge is : Develop prototype of industrial effluent treatment system for automation and
maximal operator convenient for educational purpose and lab scale.
1. Portable treatment system and user friendly
2. Efficient removal and Environmental impact for treatment of wastewater
3. Integrated software and hardware


Problem Statement/s
Energy saving magnetic separation process operated at low field gradient

Magnetic separation has been implemented extensively in various industry, especially for mineral
processing and waste treatment. Conventional way of carrying out magnetic separation at industrial
scale is typically involving the use of high gradient magnetic separator (HGMS). However this unit
operation suffers from high initial investment and also intensive energy usages to make it practical for
small and medium-sized enterprises (SME).
Scope of Research
Recent research conducted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United
States has shown the huge potential of magnetic nanomaterials for waste treatment applications.
Nevertheless, a more effective design of magnetic separation process is needed in order to make this
technology more engineering feasible compared to HGMS. The new technology should focus on the
possible implementation of low field gradient, which is less dangerous to operate, cost effective and
environmentally friendly.
Currently challenges which restrict the full implementation of this technology is the incomplete
understanding on the underlying mechanism involved in the separation process and the design of
suitable magnetic nanomaterials. The focus of this project is to address these two issues.
1. Environmental friendly magnetic nanomaterials for water treatment purpose
2. Illustrate the possible use of low gradient magnetic separation (LGMS) process for water
remediation.
3. Recorded the kinetic profile of magnetic nanomaterials under magnetophoresis after their use for
water remediation


Problem Statement/s
TiO2 has a wide band gap (Eg = 3.0 3.2 eV) and usually excited by the ultraviolet light less than 387
nm. Hence, producing TiO2 as visible light photocatalyst could be a solution to this limitation.
Titanium Dioxide for Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity in the Textile Industries.Titanium oxide (TiO2)
is the most generally used photocatalyst due to its low cost and high chemical and biological
resistance. TiO2 has been comprehensively applied for self-cleaning, antifogging, antibacterial activity,
conversion of solar energy, splitting of water and storage of energy. In the industry, TiO2 has been
used as a a photocatalyst to decolourize commercial dyes which were released by the factories
especially from the textile industries or small medium enterprise (SME) batik manufacturers.
Scope of Research
There are two serious problems obstructing its large-scale commercial application: TiO2 has a wide
band gap (Eg = 3.0 3.2 eV) and can be only excited by the ultraviolet light less than 387 nm, which
accounts for about 2 3% of solar energy. One of practical solutions is to obtain TiO2 nanoparticles
that could work under the visible light such as sunlight for its visible light photocatalytic activities. Sun
light can be found abundance in Malaysia as Malaysia has equatorial climate. Since this work is under
enviromental category, methods used to produce TiO2 will be also one of the main considerations.
Thus, green technique will be employed to produce TiO2 nanoparticles. In the past decade, green
chemistry has emerged quite comprehensively due to the environmental awareness among the
researchers. Utilisation of nontoxic chemicals, environmentally benign solvents, and renewable
materials are some of the key issues that merit important consideration in a green synthetic strategy.
Three factors of a green technique would be considered in the preparation of nanoparticles namely
the solvent, the reducing agent, and the stabilizing agent. Hence, the production of visible light active
TiO2 using green approach will be the main aim in this project.
A report will be submitted with experimental data on photocatalytic performance using visible light
active TiO2 nanoparticles. Technical and soft skills will be transferred to students who take up this
project.


Problem Statement/s
AUTOMATED INVENTORY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Automation industries, manufacturing industries and others deals with many parts and
components in their warehouse. In most scenarios goods are ordered and delivered manually to
the warehouse. The man will drive a forklift and deliver the good to the rack. The stock counting is
mostly done manually.
Scope of Research
However, for systematic inventory that requires fast and well-information keeping of in and out
process of the warehouse management, there is a need for research and development of
technologies that can automate the inventory management process.
The challenge: How to create automated inventory management system that able to reduce
manpower and provide fast and accurate of goods condition/information in the warehouse?
A proposal and report on the following:
1.User friendly inventory management system
2.Automated guided vehicle


Problem Statement/s
Renewable Utilization of Natural Clay-Derivatives for the Effective Treatment of Emerging Water
Pollutants
One of the critical issues of the United Nations amended in the Agenda 21st is the fast approaching
crisis of freshwater resources. Today, the pressing pressure on the freshwater resources is becoming
more prominent, and efforts are underway to identify the new sources of water supply to meet with
the rising water demands. Of special note are the reduction of water consumption, recycling of
wastewater and exploratory of alternative natural treatment technology.
Scope of Research
Today, adsorption is recognized as a plausible tool for the specific treatment of water pollutants. Its
high feasible application is governed by the simplicity of design, ease of operation, great cost
effectiveness, technically viable and wider capability to remove a variety of emerging contaminants. In
this perspective, natural clays, which could be engineered into different functionalized derivatives are
characterized by their inherent features in compositions and structures, naturally occur, high
availability, low cost and possible on-site applications. Additionally, natural clays are embedded with
the high cation exchange capacity (CEC), large specific surface area, layered structured, small size,
broken edges, and naturally charged particle, making them to be the most efficient, promising and
suitable candidate for the innovative treatment of emerging water contaminants.
1. Development of environmental friendly natural adsorbent
2. Illustrate different modification and preparation technique according to the targeted applications
3. Outline the innovative applications for the treatment of emerging water pollutants
4. Explore the understanding on the kinetic, mechanism and modeling of the treatment process


Problem Statement/s
AFFORDABLE GREEN COMPACT CAR
Scope of Research
Due to the fossil fuel crisis and the concerns over greenhouse gas emissions from the use of fossil
fuel, researchers around the world came up with various designs of greener car such as electric or
solar car. In fact, as of September 2015, there are over 30 models of highway legal all-electric
passenger cars and utility vans available for retail sales, mainly in the United States, China,
Japan, Western European countries. However, the use of all-electric car is still limited in Malaysia
where currently only hybrid cars are available for sale. Most cities in Malaysia are also having car park
crisis as available land and space to park our cars are limited, hence requiring car manufacturer to
come up with compact car that are easier to be parked and need less space. Another factor to be
taken into consideration is cost. The car has to be easily affordable by the medium to low incomegroup of people.
1. Come up with a design of affordable green compact car

2. Write a report on the use of materials, on the design it self, and the cost consideration.


Problem Statement/s
Improving quality of Oncidium orchids plantlets with light emitting diodes (LEDs) technology
In vitro propagation plays an important role in the multiplication of orchids and has enormous roles in
the propagation of plants with desired characters in large quantities. Among the many environmental
factors, light is one of the most important variables affecting growth and development of tissue
cultures of many plant species. The illumination system of lights for plant in vitro culture should
supply light in the spectral region which is involved in photosynthesis and also in the
photomorphogenic responses.
Scope of Research
Plant tissue culture and growth rooms have been using artificial light sources, including high pressure
sodium lamps, fluorescent lights, and metal halide lamps for a long time. However, these lights have a
wide range of wavelength, from 350 to 750 nm which is redundant for promoting plant growth in
vitro. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been proposed as a primary light source for space-based plant
research chambers and a potential substitute light source for in vitro plant growth and development
to attain success in commercial LED illumination.
Development of the best LED device system and investigation of the effects with different LED
operated spectra of uniform intensity will be determined. Different LED-generated spectra with
uniform intensity will be used in orchids tissue culture research for improved plant growth,
development and proliferation.
1. Development of user friendly and improved LED device system for Oncidium orchid tissue culture
purpose,
2. Identification the most effective LEDs spectra for Oncidium orchids growth rate
3. Preliminary DNA markers and histology analysis on the treated orchids plantlets


Problem Statement/s
Finding the right semiconductor material for photoanode for hydrogen fuel generation from water under light illumination
Photoelectrochemical cell is a device used for photoelectrochemical hydrogen (H2 gas) production, under light (preferably
sunlight) illumination. The process happens on a surface of a photoanode which is made out of material that can absorb
light and change light energy into useful photocurrent. At the same time, the material can split water into H+ and O2- and
when electrons are transferred to H+, H2 gas can be produced. Hydrogen is often seen as an environmentally-friendly
alternative to fossil fuels hence can be used to replace fossil fuel to power cars and other vehicles. Some car
manufacturers have developed cars than run on hydrogen rather than petrol or diesel however most of the source of
hydrogen comes from reacting steam with coal or natural gas: both non-renewable resources. In effort to produce
cleaner energy, photoelectrochemical cell can be adopted whereby as mentioned, the cell is able to split water to produce
hydrogen under light illumination. However, much ought to be done to improve the efficiency of the photoanode as to
date the efficiency is rather poor impeding the use of hydrogen as fuel for powering automotive engine.
Scope of Research
In here, several combination of semiconductor materials (ZnO+WO3 or ZrO2+ZnO or -Fe2O3) will be explored for the
active photoanode material; not only in finding novel material combination but in proposing unique material architecture
as well. For instance by changing the morphology of the existing material like making them in nanoscale with
morphologies in nanoscale like nanotubes or nanorods may perhaps improve the performance of light to hydrogen
conversion leading to higher efficiency devices.
Another consideration is in finding the right contact material which is directly responsible in allowing electron flows from
the photoanode to the back contact and to photocathode where hydrogen will form. To date, indium doped tin oxide is
the leading material for this application but as indium is scarce, alternative material is highly sought after. Selecting a
material requires depth understanding of electron properties which can be investigated in here. Once materials are being
selected, a simple hydrogen cell prototype can be created. The main aim is to produce a cell which at least can produce
high enough photocurrent which can be measured and used to produce hydrogen.
1. Development of nanomaterials as photoanode for hydrogen formation.
2. Identification the most effective nanomaterials architecture for an efficient light to hydrogen emission.
3. Improvement on the material used to collect electrons from the photoanode.
4. Prototype of a simple hydrogen cell.


Problem Statement/s
Wireless Communication For Better Quality Life Style

Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not
connected by an electrical conductor. Wireless communication can be via: radio communication,
microwave communication (for example: long range line of sight via highly directional antennas or
short-range communication), light, visible and infrared (IR) for example consumer IR devices such as
remote control, sonic especially ultrasonic short range communication and Wi-Fi technology.
Scope of Research
Wireless communication has the following advantages:

Communication has enhanced to convey the information quickly to the consumers
Working professionals can work and access Internet anywhere and anytime without carrying cables
or wires where ever they go. This also helps to complete the work anywhere on time and improves
the productivity
Doctors, workers and other professionals working in remote areas can be touch with medical
centers through wireless communication
Urgent situation can be alerted through wireless communication. The affected regions can be
provided help and support with the help of these alerts through wireless communication
Wireless networks are cheaper to install and maintain.
The challenge is hence: propose a new application of wireless system that can improve the quality of
our life style.
A proposal and report have at least one of the following:
Human friendly system
Can save time
Cheaper to install and maintain

Fabrication of an eco-friendly super-hydrophobic coating using waste ash

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Current hydrophobic coating are not eco friendly due to the use of toxic component as ingredients in their
formulation to improve the hydrophobic behavior. In addition the durability of the coating upon application
were found to be poor and do not last more than 2 months.
In recent years, the use of hydrophobic coating has been received much attention owing to its demand for
self-cleaning glasses for outdoor applications. The wettability of hydrophobic surface is an important criteria
and it strongly depends on the water contact angle (WCA), surface chemical composition and surface
roughness. The surface with a WCA of higher than 150 is known as super-hydrophobic. Since the available
coating are not eco-friendly, expensive, and less durability, an alternate materials need to be developed and
the properties need to be investigated comprehensively.
Therefore in this work, the synthesis of super-hydrophobic materials using waste ash will be explored. The best
formulation of the coating to improve hydrophobic behaviour and durability will be determined.
A proposal and report on:

1. Available materials that serve as hydrophobic coating
2. Drawback for poor performance and durability
3. Synthesis and characterization of the material
4. Evaluation of water contact angle for hydrophopbic behavior


Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emission for Green Environment using amine based materials in
industry have caused severe health and environmental problem due to corrosive and toxic by product.
The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the major greenhouse gases has steadily increased
mainly due to the large-scale burning of fossil fuel used in power generation, transportation and
industrial processes. The concentration of global atmospheric CO2 has increased from 280 ppm in the
1700s to over 400 ppm in 2015 which has exceeded the upper safe limit (350 ppm). Therefore,
reduction of CO2 emission into atmosphere has been worldwide concern. Currently the use of Amine
based materials in industry to caprure CO2 has caused various problems such as severe equipment
corrosion, produce toxic by product and high regeneration cost.
Therefore an local resources related material such as limes stone to substitute amine will be
investigated in this work. The structural stability of the limes stone to enhance the CO2 capture at
high temperature will be investigated. Various characterization on the material synthesized will be
evaluated to determine the performance .
A proposal and report on:

a) Sources of CO2 emission (statistical data)
b) Available technology on CO2 capture/reduction
c) Choices of materials for CO2 adsorption
d) Synthesis and characterization of the material
e) Evaluation of CO2 adsorption


Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
DNA technology in medicinal herbal
Malaysia has a high diversity of herbaceous plants. Many supplement based on herbal product were
available in the local market. The purity of the herbs used to be an important issue in the herbal
industry in the country. One technique that can be used to analyze the herb genuine is through DNA
technology. In this study, herb DNA barcoad will be developed.
The scope of the research is DNA barcoad development of the selected herb. The method involved in
this study are:
1. DNA bioinformatic analysis
2. DNA primer development
3. DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
4. DNA cloning
5. DNA sequencing
1. Identification of herb DNA region for PCR analysis by using bioinformatics tools
2. Determination of DNA sequence of selected DNA barcoad.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Catapult Project
Catapults date from thousands of years ago, and were used historically to throw stones to break
enemy walls. The aim of this project is to develop a catapult system that can be used to throw a
squash ball/softball as far as possible. The catapult system needs to has some degree of accuracy with
the mechanism to allow the ball travels the farthest distance. The degree of success will be
determined by how accurate and how far the catapult throws the ball.
The specifications of the catapult system are as follows:
1. Catapult must have an arm designed to throw the ball. A sling may be used maximise throwing
potential, but slingshot devices are not permitted. Develop your own catapult system using costeffective materials.
2. Your catapult system must fit inside a 3 m x 3 m launch box that will be drawn on the ground.
3. When cocked, your catapult must be no taller than 2 m and it must have a triggering mechanism
which will allow you to stand outside the launch box.
4. The energy used to power your catapult must be provided by the device itself. No explosions or air
pressure are used to assist the performance of your catapult.
5. Your catapult must be able to be cocked by one person.
6. All devices will undergo strict safety inspections prior to the competition. If the committee
members feel that the mechanism is unsafe, the team will not be allowed to compete no
exceptions.
Analysis:
Measure the amount of time your projectile is in the air and the horizontal distance travelled by
your projectile.
Calculate the initial velocity imparted to the projectile by your catapult.
1. Students will be able to translate their physics knowledge to solve real life problems.
2. Develop self-confidence in students and creative ideas among young scientists to design and
develop a functioning system.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Project
One of the main challenges in group-traveling is to keep track of the members to ensure they do not
go off-track from the intended route or stop locations. Significant effort needs to be taken during
family outing to shopping complex, students field trip, umrah or haj pilgrimage to ensure travelling
members are in close proximity with one another and do not get lost. Missing group members could
result to inconvenience and waste which would derail the intended objective of group-travel.
The objective of the project is to develop a wearable solution that ensures each of the group traveller
(wearer) can maintain in close proximity with each other. The solution to be developed should consist
of multiple wearable devices which when operate together, each will be able to identify whether the
location of the nearest wearable device is within a given specified range or not. In the event the
location of the nearest wearable device is out of specified range, then a corresponding response
should be activated to guide the wearer to move to the direction of the nearest one. The solution
should not use cloud or GPS services.
Propose a solution by presenting
Drawing that shows the interaction between wearable devices.
Demonstration of how multiple (minimum 3) wearable devices will detect the presence of each
other as proof of concept
Demonstration of how the device will react in the event of in-range and out-of-range as proof of
concept.
Demonstration of how all of the above works together.

Problem Statement/s
One of the main challenges in farming is to protect the safety of harvested crops. Upon harvesting,
crops such as oil palms, durians or even scrap rubber, are often gathered and left near the farm before
transported to or picked up by the wholesaler. Theft cases usually detected only when the wholesaler
reported the weight of these crops as significantly less than what was harvested. Typical home or
perimeter safety solution does not work in protecting the safety of harvested crops from being stolen.
Scope of Project
The objective of the project is to develop an intelligent solutions that detects and prevents tampering
of harvested crops. The solution to be developed should utilize tagging and tracking devices which are
able to identify the location of the crop bundle, and/or the change in weight of the crop bundle from
one transit point to another.

Drawing that shows how the devices works and implemented in transportation of harvested crops.
Demonstration of how the solution functions as proof of concept.
Demonstration of how farm owners make use of the solution.

Problem Statement/s
Parking a car in an extremely narrow porch or parking lot is a challenge. The driver always have a
concern of scraping side mirrors or car body with adjacent cars or wall. It is more challenging when
the driveway is slightly curve on the way in. The most effective known solution today is to have
someone outside the car to visually guide the driver but this is not always practical.
Scope of Project
The objective of the project is to invent a smart parking aid solution that can guide the driver to
navigate and park his/her car in an extremely narrow parking space. The solution should be able to
detect parking box drawing or adjacent obstruction, and subsequently guide the driver. It is important
that the solution itself improves parking experience rather than bring additional task or difficulty to
the driver.

Drawing that shows how the parking aid solution works and integrated into the car.
Demonstration of how driver make use of the solution.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Project
Lack of turn signal on a bicycle could cause traffic danger to motorists when it is ridden on the road. A
dedicated bicycle lane is one way to isolate cyclists from motorists however it does not address the
important purpose of the turn signal which is to communicate turn intention to other road users. A
typical turn signal would require cyclist to switch on the turn signal to indicate left or right turn, and
then switch it off upon turning. Operating this switch defocuses cyclists attention from the road and
disrupts the hands from firm-gripping of the handle bar which in itself poses danger.
The objective of the project is to invent an hands-free bicycle turn signal. The solution to be
developed should be able to allow the cyclist to indicate his/her turn intention which triggers left or
right turn signal without using hand automatically.
Drawing that shows how the turn signal is activated and deactivated, and how it is integrated.
Demonstration of how the cyclist make use of the solution.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Proposing an innovative model of linking people directly to the Internet of Things, right within their
homes
The Internet of Things (IoT) will be most valuable when it brings machines beyond the need for daily
human input, and can autonomously carry out customized actions based on the different daily needs of
their user. The development of effective machine-to-machine communication and adaptive
technologies will be crucial in achieving automatic inter-machine synchronization and collaboration to
achieve this end.
One key research field is how machines can autonomously read and interpret critical bio-parameters
from the user's body and bring about necessary adjustments to the user's living environment based on
the recorded data. Users with medical conditions can enjoy an environment that is conducive for
recovery and is continuously re-prescribed based on their well-being.
To come out with a solution that tackle problem right within a home by application of IoT.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Design an innovative mobile app that solves real life problems
The idea should either be new or an enhancement to an existing mobile app. Teams should clearly state
the problem that they are solving and the proposed solution.
Present the problem and solution (hint: explain the features)

Explain how does the mobile app work (hint: database, algorithm)
Demonstrate the User Interface (UI) of your mobile app

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Design the parking system in the form of a user friendly mobile app.
Currently, we has been running on coupon parking system for street parking bays for the past 3 years. A
recent resident survey shows that the coupon system is neither environment friendly nor efficient.
Residents and visitors are having a hard time finding shops selling the coupons and many visitors have
been fined due to overtime parking. Based on feedbacks on the system, the management has decided
to implement a new efficient and environment friendly system, which is convenient to all users.
As an interested party, the teams will have to design the parking system in the form of a user
friendly mobile app.
Present the problem and solution (hint: explain the features)

Explain how does the mobile app work (hint: database, algorithm)
Demonstrate the User Interface (UI) of your mobile app

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Greener and Safer Commuting for Quality Lifestyle
Making roads safer for commuters and preserving green environment have been in focus of today's
societies. Human and vehicle safety are of paramount importance, with ongoing efforts to reduce road
accidents, loss of lives, CO2 footprint (i.e. pollution, etc), travelling time and wasted resources (i.e. fuel,
time) for stress-free commuting.
However, the ever increase in vehicle volume contributes to traffic congestion and outpaces the
growth of expensive transport infrastructure. Conventional methods of improving commuting
experience cannot keep up with the pace of urbanization. In sight of humanity's dream of a balanced,
eco-friendly and healthy living environment, there is a need for research and development of
technologies related to commuting and transport.
The challenge is hence: how can we commute in a safer, greener, more efficient and stress-free
manner to achieve quality living and lifestyle?
To come out with a solution that cover at least one of the following :
1. Environmental and human friendly transportation systems;
2. Efficient use of natural resources (i.e. fuel, time) in commuting;
3. Commuter Safety Systems (i.e. pedestrians, vehicle drivers, infrastructure)

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Design and Development of Fireman Drones
Firemen arriving at a fire scene normally have issues with finding out whether there are victims still
trapped in the fire. This means that they will need to risk their lives to go into the fire to find out.
The proposal is to send in a fleet of drones to survey the fire scene quickly and locate the victim. The
drone can then lead the firemen to the victim and get the victim out through the fire using a safe path
which was identified by the drone.
Demonstrate the ability of the drone to navigate through obstacle and locate a victim and also the
ability to guide a fireman to the victim and bringing the victim out.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Research
Implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) Concept
IoT devices are everyday devices that have processing capability and are able to communicate data with
a network and the internet. Some of them you may already heard of: - Smart refrigerators that can
detect low supply of food and inform you on email or SMS message. They can also directly order from
the supermarket and have it delivered to your doorstep. - Micro weather stations that can detect
present conditions and automatically update the data to a server and post it to a website. - Intelligent
billboards that can detect presence of people and advertise products based on who or what kind of
people are in the area (think of Minority Report).
Participating teams to create their own idea of how to implement the IoT concept in daily life usage.

Problem Statement/s
Scope of Project
Optimum freshness of fruits for longer shelflife and better consumption.

Food industries are very much particular on the freshness of the items they produced every year. This
is in fact important in the production of fruits for local and overseas consumptions. Consumers
themselves can definitely evaluate the freshness of fruits displayed on counters in fruits stalls and
supermarkets all over the country. The shelflife of fruits can be investigated based on the time they
were picked from trees, the displayed time after they were picked, the effect of temperature where
they were kept and finally, the types of microorganisms that grow on the fruits. These factors are
indeed very important to the fruits producers which could then lead to the profit they earn at the end
of the day. The best method to preserve fresh fruits (should be environmentally friendly), such that
consumers could enjoy them as if they were recently picked from trees is of paramount important.
The factors mentioned above have to be considered in order to obtain the best quality of fruits. The
challenge is to provide an optimum factors (from the given list or could add more if required) to
increase the shelflife of displayed fruits.
Report and proposal should include:
i. A list of different types of fruits (local or overseas origin with minimum of 5) and their normal
shelflife
ii. The observation of different types of microorganisms grown on each type of fruit
iii. The best proposed method to increase the shelflife of these fruits (according to their types)

Problem Statement/s
Design and build a 2-seater epoxy composite boat that can be lifted by a single person
Scope of Research
This project is to challenge the creativity of participants to use composite materials to

build a boat. Wood and metal have been used for making boats. These materials are
heavy. Epoxy is a strong material which can be used for making lighweight composites
suitable for boats and even aircrafts.
1. Design and build a 2-seater boat using epoxy-fibre reinforced composite

2. The boat must be light enough for a single person to carry
3. The boat must float on water and be stable. These shall be demonstrated by paddling the boat in
water at least 30 feet.

List of Challenge Statement

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016

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ENGINEERING, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY YOUTH PROGRAM 2016