Syllabus of Master of Development Studies Program

Part - I: Program Structure

The two-year Master of will be of 68 credits and divided into 4 semesters. Each semester
will be 19 weeks of which 15 weeks will be for class teaching, 1 week break for
preparation, and 3 weeks for holding the semester final examination.
The program shall include teaching of 15 courses, writing a research paper and taking part
in the comprehensive exam spanning over two academic years. All courses shall be full unit
course with 4-credit course and 100 marks.
Course distribution of the MDS Program
Modules
1st Semester
2nd Semester
3rd Semester
4th Semester

Total

No. of Courses
4
4
4
3
Research
Comprehensive (Written and Oral)

Total Marks
400
400
400
300
100
100

Earned Credits
4x4=16
4x4=16
4x4=16
3x4=12
04
04

17

1700

68

Course Structure: At a Glimpse

First Year: First Semester
DS 501: Development Studies: Theories and Approaches
DS 502: Principles of Microeconomics
DS 503: Introduction to Sociology and Anthropology
DS 504: Politics and Public Administration
First Year: Second Semester
DS 505: Principles of Macroeconomics
DS 506: Qualitative Research Methods
DS 507: Statistics and Econometrics
DS 508: Development Economics
Second Year: First Semester
DS 509: Project Planning and Evaluation
DS 510: Poverty: Concepts, Strategies and Programming
DS 511: Disaster, Vulnerability and Sustainable Development
DS 512: Gender and Development

Second Year: Second Semester

Major (Development Economics)
DS 531: International Trade and Globalization
DS 532: Public Finance
DS 533: Economics of Institutions and Transition
Major (Public Policy Analysis)
DS 541: Polity, Policy Process and Institutions
DS 542: Policy Analysis and Evaluation
DS 543: Public Policy Making in Bangladesh
Major (Social Development)
DS 551: Social Development: Theories and Approaches
DS 552: Social Inclusion
DS 553: International Migration and Development
Major (Natural Resource Management)
DS 561: Environmental Economics
DS 562: Sustainable Development: Process and Practice
DS 563: Natural Resource Management
Compulsory Courses
DS 580: Research on Bangladesh Development Experience
DS 590: Comprehensive and Viva

Part II: Description of Master of Development Studies Courses

DS 501

Development Studies: Theories and Approaches

Course Objective:
The course intends to provide a broad interdisciplinary introduction to development with a solid
grasp of the different concepts and debates in the development studies field, emphasizing their
relevance to the dynamic process of growth and economic development. The course offers a base
for further detailed understanding and critical thinking of development issues in other courses with
a better appreciation of the dynamics involved in development and the theories that account for it.
Course Contents:
The Meaning of Development: Introduction to development: definitions and
interpretations of development, various dimensions, key aspects, Milestones in
developmental thinking.

Introduction to Development Studies: Origin, evolution (from development economics to

development studies), nature, focus, utility, and trends; Development studies as a social
science, the hybrid nature of this social science, and is there a common thread running
through this social science?

Common Characteristics of Developing Nations: Defining the developing world, the

structural similarity and diversity of developing countries.

Classic Theories of Development: Development as Growth and the Linear-stages

approach, Structural Change model, the International Dependence Revolution and the
Neoclassical Counterrevolution with Market Fundamentalism

Theories of Growth: Classic Theories of Growth and Development: Balanced and

Unbalanced Growth, Rostows Stages of Growth, Harrod-Domar Growth Model, The Lewis
Theory of Development, Slow Model, Endogenous Growth Theories

Contemporary Development Approaches: Modern critique of development theories,

search for micro-solutions, recent innovations in development thinking.

Measuring Development: Development indicators including their criticism and

compatibility; The Human Development Index and its relation with economic development

Foreign Aid: The debate: why donors give aid? Why developing countries accept aid? Does
Aid work? Bilateral and multilateral donor agencies, the growing role of NGOs in aid and
development.

Private Philanthropy: Corporate Social Responsibility, Private Donation, Social Business,

Charity, crowd-funding, etc.

Environment and Development: Nature, issues, arguments, problems and challenges.

Globalization and Development: Nature, Issues, Argument, Problems and Challenges

Suggested Readings:
Arn, J. (2002), The Hydra of Development Studies, Journal of Contemporary Asia, 32(2): 171-190.
Ashcroft B., Griffiths G. and Tiffin H. (2004), Key Concepts in Post-Colonial Studies. London and New
York: Routledge.

Bardhan, P. and Udry, C (1999), Development Microeconomics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Colman, D and Nixson, F (1994), Economics of Change in Less Developed Countries. London:
Harvester.
Eatwell, J. (ed.) (1989), Economic Development. New York: Macmillan.
Ghatak, S. (2003), An Introduction to Development Economics. 4th Edition. London and New York:
Routledge.
Gillis, M et al (1996), Economics of Development. New York: Norton.
Haque, M.S. (1999), Restructuring Development Theories and Policies: A Critical Study. Albany: State
University of New York Press.
Hirschman, A.O.(1981), The Rise and Decline of Development Economics, in A.O. Hirschman (ed.),
Essays in Trespassing Economics to Politics and Beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Kingsbury D., Rementi J., McKay J., and Hunt J. (2004), Key Issues in Development. Macmillan,
Hampshire: Palgrave.
Lal, Deepak (2000), The Poverty of Development Economics. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Landes, David (2002), The Wealth and Poverty of Nations. London: Abacus.
Leftwich, Adrian (2005), Politics in Command: Development Studies and the Rediscovery of Social
Science, New Political Economy, 10(4): 573-607.
Lehman, David (1979), Development Theory- Four Critical Studies. London: Frank Cass and Company
Limited.
Mehmet, Ozay (1995), Westernizing the Third World. London and New York: Routledge.
Meir, G (ed.) (1995), Leading Issues in Economic Development. 6th Edition. Oxford: Oxford University
Press,
Meir, G. and Rauch,.J.E (2000), Leading Issues in Economic Development. 7th Edition. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Potter, Robert, B. (2004), The Provenance of Progress in Development Studies, Progress in
Development Studies, 4(2): 95-98.
Randal, Vicky (2004), Using and Abusing the Concept of Third World: Geopolitics and the
Comparative Study of Development, Third World Quarterly, 25(1): 41-53.
Rapley J. (2002), Understanding Development: Theory and Practice in the Third World. Boulder and
London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Robinson, Joan (1979), Aspects of Development and Underdevelopment. London: Cambridge
University Press.
Roy, D. (1998), Development Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schech S. and Haggis J. (2001) Culture and Development: A Critical Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell
Publishers.
Schuurman, F. J. (2000), Paradigm Lost, Paradigm Regained? Development Studies in the Twentyfirst century, Third World Quarterly, 21(1): 7-20.
Sen Amartya (1999), Development As Freedom. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Sen, Amartya (1990), On Ethics and Economics. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Thirwall,A.P.(1999), Growth and Development. New York: Macmillan.
Todaro, M.P. and Stephen, C.S. (2003), Economic Development. Singapore: Pearson Education 8th ed.

Simon, David (2006), Fifty Key Thinkers on Development. London and New York: Routledge.
Willis K. (2006), Theories and Practices of Development. London and New York. Routledge.

DS 502

Principles of Microeconomics

Course Objective:
Microeconomics is concerned with the behavior of individual decision makers in the economy
households, business firms, and governments and how they interact. This objective of this course
is two-fold. The first is to introduce the students with the tools and techniques of Microeconomics
and help them understand how economies work, how they interact globally, and how all of this
affects individually. The second objective is to give students some conceptual tools with which to
think about and understand the vast range of issues that confront society and the decisions that
they make in their everyday life.
Course Contents:
Introductory Concepts: Definition of Economics, Microeconomics and Macroeconomics,
Positive and Normative Economics, Central Problems of Economic Organization, Market,
Command and Mixed Economies, Production Possibility Frontier, Opportunity Cost.

Basic Elements of Supply and Demand: Definition of Demand and Supply, Demand
Schedule and Demand Curve, Characteristics of Demand Curve, Income and Substitution
Effects, Factors affecting the Demand Curve, Movement along and Shift in Demand Curves,
from Individual to Market Demand, Supply Schedule and the Supply Curve, Factors affecting
the Supply, Movement along and Shift in Supply Curves, the Equilibrium of Demand and
Supply, Effect of a Shift in Demand and Supply, Shift on the Equilibrium.

Elasticity of Demand and Supply: Price Elasticity of Demand, Calculating Elasticity, Elastic
and Inelastic Demand, Price Elasticity in Diagrams, Determinants of Elasticity, Elasticity and
Revenue, Income Elasticity of Demand, Cross Price Elasticity of Demand, Price Elasticity of
Supply.

Demand and Consumer Behavior: Choice and Utility Theory, Total and Marginal Utility,
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility, Equi-marginal Principle, Consumer Surplus, the
Indifference Curve, the Indifference Map, Budget Line/Budget Constraint, Consumer
Equilibrium.

Theory of Production and Analysis of Costs: The Production Function, Total, Average and
Marginal Product, the Law of Diminishing Returns, Returns to Scale: Constant, Increasing
and Decreasing Returns to Scale, Total Cost and Marginal Cost, Fixed Cost and Variable Cost,
Average Cost: Average Fixed Costs and Variable Cost, U-Shaped Cost Curves, Marginal
Products and Least Cost Rules.

Market: Factor and Product Market, Perfect Completion, Monopoly, Monopolistic and
Oligopoly Markets; Equilibrium Under Perfect Competition and Monopoly Market.

Factor Markets: Land, Labor, Capital And Income Distribution: Nature of Factor Demands,
Demand for Factors of Production, Supply of Factors of Production, Determination of Factor
Prices By Supply and Demand.

The Labor Market: Demand for Labor, Supply of Labor, Wage Differentials, The Economics
of Discrimination, Reducing Labor Market Discrimination.

Markets and Economic Efficiency: General Equilibrium of Markets, The Efficiency of

Competitive Markets, Market Failures, Risk and Uncertainty, Moral Hazard and Adverse
Selection, Markets and Economic Policy.

Suggested Readings:
Chiang, Alpha. C and Waignwright (2005), Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics. 4th
Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Koutsoyiannis, A (2003), Modern Microeconomics. Palgrave Macmillan: London and Basingstoke .
Lipsey,
Richard
G.,
Courant,
Paul
N.,
and
Raga,
Christopher
T.
S.
(1999), Microeconomics. 12th Edition. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Mankiw, N. Gregory (2004), Principles of Microeconomics. 3rd Edition. Mason OH: Thomson
Southwestern Publishers.
Parkin, Michael (2005). Microeconomics. 7th Edition. Reading, MA: Pearson Addison-Wesley.
Samuelson,
Paul
A.,
and
Nordhaus,
William
(2001),
Economics,
17th
Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Salvatore, Dominick (2004), Microeconomic Theory. Schaums Outline Series. 3rd Edition. New York:
McGraw-Hill,
Stiglitz, Joseph E., and Walsh, Carl E. (2002). Principles of Microeconomics. 3rd Edition. New York,
NY: W. W. Norton.
DS 503

Introduction to Sociology and Anthropology

Course Objective:
This course will orient the students with the foundational knowledge of sociology and anthropology
in understanding and analyzing the society and its various issues. The course is comprised of two
parts. The first part begins with an overview of the nature of society, a survey on the structure and
dynamics of social life, and the methods of sociological analysis. General and specific examples will
be used to illustrate how thinking sociologically adds to our knowledge and understanding of the
world around us. In the second part, students will learn the basic concepts and methods of
anthropology and development. Students will be able to explore why anthropology is so decisive in
making sense of development with its entire disguises. Understanding of politics, culture, power
and social organization are all very crucial, if we are to understand the complex issues of
development problems, identify just and viable solutions, and propose ways and means to carry out
those solutions in a participatory, fair and humane manner.
Course Contents:
Part 1:

The Sociological Perspective: The Subjective Matter of Sociology, The Rise and
Development of Sociology

Sociological Research and Scientific Methodology: Principles of Scientific Inquiry,

Sociology as a science, Sociological Knowledge and Commonsense

General Sociological Theory: Social Interactionism, Functionalist Theory, Conflict Theory,

Role Theory, Social Constructionism, Integration Theory and so on.

The Fundamental Organization of Society: Culture, Socialization, Social Stratification and

Inequality

Deviance and Social Control: Nature and Types of Deviance, Explanations of Deviance,
Forms and Functions of Social Control, Social Control of Deviance

Social Inequality: Race and Ethnicity, Gender, Stratification

Major Social Institutions: Family, Education, Economy, Religion

Social Change: Nature and Patterns of Social Change, Explanations of Social Change,
Examples of Social Change

Part 2:

Introduction to Anthropology: Emergence of Anthropology as a separate discipline,

Anthropology and Culture, Anthropology, colonialism and development

Social Organization: Family, Marriage Kinship

Evolution of economic systems and its impact on Social Organization: Foraging,

Pastoralism, Horticulture, Subsistence, Agriculture and Industrialism

Anthropological Perspectives: Holism, Cultural Relativism, Key Figures in Anthropology

and their Contributions

Theoretical Perspectives: Functionalism,

Interactionism / Interpretive Postmodernism

Anthropology and Development Prior to 1970s: Colonialism and Development (17001949), Postwar and Postcolonial Development (1949-onwards),

Anthropology and Development 1970s and Beyond: The Socio-cultural Gaze of

Development Discourse, The gold-rush of Development Anthropology, Ethical Issues: Evil
twins or Moral Narratives, The Dilemma of Development Anthropologists, The Realist vs.
the Idealists

The Costs of Development: The Socio-cultural Consequences of Development Projects:

Economic Growth at the Expense of Inequality, Cultural Extinction due to Development
Invasion, Tourism, Development and the Spread of Diseases, Development and
Environmental Degradation, The Costs of Development in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT),
The Kariba Dam Project

Deconstructing Development: The Post-development Discourse: Why Deconstructing

Development?, The Nature of Development Deconstruction, New Directions of the
Deconstructionist Discourse

Structure

Functionalism,

Suggested Readings:
Part 1:
Berger, Peter (1986), Invitation to Sociology. London: Penguin.
Charon, Joel M (2004), Ten Questions: A Sociological Perspective. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Giddens, Anthony(2002), Introduction to Sociology. 4th ed. N. Y.: Norton.
Henslin, James M. (2007), Sociology: A Down-to-earth Approach. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Macionis, John J. (2006), Society: The Bacis. 8th ed., N.J.: Prentice Hall.

Symbolic

Morrison, Ken (1995), Marx, Durkheim, Weber: Formations of Modern Social Thought. London: Sage
Publications.
Ritzer, George (2000), Sociological Theory. 5th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.
Part 2:
Bates, Daniel, G. (1996), Cultural Anthropology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Bodley, H. J. (1999), Victims of Progress. London: Mayfield Publishing Company.
Ember, Carol, R. Ember, Marvin & Peregrine, Peter N. (2002), Anthropology (10th Edition). Upper
Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Eriksen, Thomas, H. (2001), Small Places, large Issues: An Introduction to Social and Cultural
Anthropology. London: Pluto Press.
Escober, Arturo. (1991), Anthropology and the Development Encounter: The Making and
Marketing of Development Anthropology. American Ethnologist, Vol. 18 (4): 658-682.
Escober, Arturo. 1997. Anthropology and Development. UNESCO: 501-515.
Ferguson, James. (1990), The Anti-Politics Machine: Development, Depoliticization, and
Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gardner, K & Lewis, D. (1996), Anthropology, Development and the Postmodern Challenge. London:
Pluto Press.
Hoben, A. (1982), Anthropologists and Development, Annual Review of Anthropology, 11: 349-375.
King, V.T. (1999), Anthropology and Development in South-East Asia: Theory and Practice. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Lavenda, Rebort, H. & Schultz, Emily, A. (2000), Core Concepts in Cultural Anthropology. California:
Mayfield Publications.
Moore. Jerry D. (1997), Visions of Culture: An Introduction to Theory and Theorists. California: Alta
Mira Press.
Salzman, Philip, C. (2001), Understanding Culture: An Introduction to Anthropological Theory.
Illinois: Waveland Press.
Sheth, D.L. (1997), Alternatives from an Indian Grassroots Perspective in Rahnema, M. and
Bawtree, V., (eds.) The Post-Development Reader. London: ZED Books. pp. 329-335.
Scot, James C. (1985), Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven: Yale
University Press.
Shapan, Adnan. (2004), Migration, Land Alienation and Ethnic Conflict: Causes of Poverty in the
Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. Dhaka: Research & Advisory Services.
White, Sarah C. (1999), NGOs, Civil Society and the State in Bangladesh: The Politics of
Representing the Poor, Development and Change, 30: 307-326.
Wolf, Eric R. (1969), Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century. New York: Harper and Roy.
DS 504

Politics and Public Administration

Course Objective:
This course offers a general introduction to the field of political science and public administration
by acquainting students with the basic ideologies, concepts, processes and institutions of modern
government and politics. Students will acquire a general understanding of the key concepts and
ideas upon which the system of Bangladesh government is based, demonstrate a clear

understanding of how the political process in Bangladesh operates and develop critical skills, which
are necessary to the decision-making process in a democracy.
Course Contents:
Part 1:

Introduction to Political Science

Power, Legitimacy and Authority

Sovereignty and State

The Political Executive, The Administration/Bureaucracy, The Judiciary, The Parliament

Political Theories

Political Parties/Political Culture, Pressure Groups and Politics, Other major Political
Institutions (the intellectuals, Media and Press, the military, Anti-corruption Commission,
Ombudsman)

Political Systems (Parliamentary and Presidential, hybrid system), Electoral System

Politics and Political System in Bangladesh: Election, Political System (Non-party Caretaker
Government), Political Parties and Political Culture.

Part 2:

Introduction to Public Administration: Concepts, Interpretations, Nature, Scope, and

Significance, Genesis of the study of public administration: A historical perspective

Theories and Principles of Organization and Administration: Principles of Organization

and Management, Key Schools of Thoughts and Scholarly Contributions: Classical, Neoclassical and Contingency approaches, Implications for the administrators

Grand Theories/Discourse of Public Administration:

Institutional Theories,
Cultural Theories, New Public Management, Governance and Good Governance

Leadership Behavior: Understanding Leadership Behavior, Schools of Leadership

Thought: Trait, Behavioral, Situational Views of Leadership, Leadership and Modern
Organizations,

Organizational Design and Structure: Definition, Elements of Organizational Structure,

Common organizational designs, Organizational design and employee behavior, Further
elaboration of Bureaucracy as a core issue in public administration

Motivation: An introduction, Key schools of thoughts and scholarly contributions to the

study of motivated behavior, Implications for administrators

Decentralized Administration: Decentralization: Interpretations and ramifications,

History of decentralized governance in Bangladesh, The context and condition of
decentralization in Bangladesh

Civil Service and Public Administration in Bangladesh: Genesis and key characteristic
development of civil service in Bangladesh, Elitism and public administration in Bangladesh,
Constitutional basis of public administration, An overview of the central and field
administration in Bangladesh

Suggested Readings:

Part 1:
Ahmed, N (2002), The Parliament of Bangladesh. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Ball, A. R. and Peters, B. G. (2000), Modern Politics and Government. Houndmills, Basingstoke,
Hampshire: Macmillan Press.
Baxter, C., Malik, Y. K., Kennedy, C.H. and Oberst, A.R.C. (2002), Government and Politics in South
Asia. Boulder: Westview
Derbyshire, J. D. and Derbyshire, I. (1999), Political Systems of the World (Vol-1), Oxford: Helicon
Publishing Ltd.
Hague, R, Harrop M. and Breslin, S. (1992), Political Science: A Comparative Introduction. New York:
St. Martins Press.
Halim, M. A. (1998), Constitution, Constitutional Law and Politics: Bangladesh Perspective. Dhaka:
Khan, Y.A.
Held, D. (ed.), Prospect for Democracy. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Jamil, I. (1998), Administrative Culture in Public Administration: Five Essays on Bangladesh.
Bergen: Los-Sentret. Rapport 9801.
Lijphart, A. (1999), Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-six
Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Peters, B.G. (1995). The Politics of Bureaucracy. New York : Longman.
Rahman, T (2007), Parliament and Government Accountability in South Asia: A Comparative Analysis
of Bangladesh India and Sri Lanka. London: Routledge.
Turner, M. and Hulme, D. (1997), Governance, Administration and Development: Making the State
Work. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.
Part 2:
Ahmed E. (1980), Bureaucratic Elites in Segmented Economic Growth: Bangladesh and Pakistan.
Dhaka: University Press Limited.
Ahmed M. (1979), Bangladesh: Constitutional Quest for Autonomy. Dhaka: BBI.
Barenstein J. (1994), Overcoming Fuzzy Governance in Bangladesh. Dhaka: University Press Limited.
Berkley, G. and Rouse J. (1998), The Craft of Public Administration. New York: Mcgraw-Hill
Companies, Inc.
CPD and UPL (2003), . Developing a Policy Agenda for Bangladesh: Civil Societys Task Force Reports
2001. Dhaka: Centre for Policy Dialogue and Dhaka: University Press Limited.
Fesler J.W. (1980), Public Administration Theory and Practice. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall,
Inc.
Henry, N. (2001), Public Administration and Public Affairs. Eaglewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall Inc.
Hye H.A. (ed.) (2000), Governance: South Asian Perspectives. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Jahan R. (ed.) (2003), Bangladesh: Promise and Performance. London: Zed Books and Dhaka:
University Press Limited.
Nigro F. and Nigro L. (1980), Introduction to Public Administration. New York: The McGraw Hill
Companies, Inc.
Rahman A., Ali A.M.M.S., Rahman M.H., and Siddiqui K. (1993), Towards Better Government in
Bangladesh, Report to the Prime Minister. Dhaka: Government of Bangladesh.
Rosenbloom D. H. and Kravchuk, R.S. (2005). Public Administration: Understanding Management,
Politics, and Law in the Public Sector .6th Edition. McGraw-Hill Publishers: New York

World Bank (1996), Bangladesh: Government that works: Reforming the Public Sector. Dhaka:
University Press Limited.
_______(2000), Taming Leviathan: Reforming Governance in Bangladesh. Dhaka: World Bank.
DS 505

Principles of Macroeconomics

Course Objective:
The objective of this course is to orient the students to the basic knowledge about the tools and
techniques of Macroeconomics. It informs how economy performs and expands its scope in macro
level according to the demand of society. This course introduces basic concepts and tools used in
macroeconomic analysis: the theory, measurement, and determination of national income; business
cycles; the multiplier; fiscal policy, budget deficits, aggregate supply and aggregate demand; money,
banking, and monetary policy; exchange rates and balance of payments accounts; and stabilization
policy for unemployment and inflation.
Course Contents:
Macroeconomics: Introduction to Macroeconomics and Focus of Macroeconomic Analysis

National Income: GDP, GNP, NNP, Nominal and Real GDP, Growth and Development, GNP
Deflator; Personal and Personal Disposable Income; Measurement of National Income;
Advantage and Disadvantage of Measuring National Income; National Budget; Discussion on
Bangladesh National Budgets

Consumption and Saving: Aggregate Demand and Supply, Consumption Function, MPC
and MPS, Determinants of Consumption Function, The Life-Cycle Theory of Consumption,
Permanent Income Theory of Consumption,

Investment: Definition of Investment, Fixed Investment, Residential Investment, Inventory

Investment, Determinants of Investment, The Multiplier

Money: Functions of Money, Types of Money, Money Market and Capital Market, Demand
for and Supply of Money, Money Market Equilibrium, Quantity Theory of Money, Functions
of Central and Commercial Banks.

Monetary Policy And Fiscal Policy: The Goods Market and the IS Curve, the assets Market
And the LM Curve, Equilibrium in the Goods Market and the Assets Market, Adjustment
towards Equilibrium, a Formal Treatment of the IS-LM Model, Monetary Policy, Fiscal
Policy, Effect of Fiscal Policy and Monetary Policy on IS-LM Model, Crowding out Effect,
Classical and Keynesian LM Curve and The Effect of Alternative Policies on Each Cases.

International Linkages: The Balance of Payments and Exchange Rates, Trade in Goods,
Market Equilibrium and the Balance of Trade, Capital Mobility, the Mundell-Fleming Model,
Perfect Capital Mobility and Flexible Exchange Rates, Perfect Capital Mobility under Fixed
Exchange Rates.

Wages, Prices and Employment: Wages, Prices and Output: the Facts, the WageUnemployment Relationship, Why are Wages Sticky? the Aggregate Supply Curve, the
Effects of a Monetary Expansion, Supply Shocks.

Business Cycles: Business Organizations, Concept of Business Cycle, Phases of a Business

Cycle.

Inflation and Unemployment: Definition of Inflation, Types of Inflation; Demand-Pull and

Cost-Push Inflation; Impacts of Inflation; Control of Inflation, the Anatomy of
Unemployment, Full Employment, the Costs of Unemployment, Philips Curve, the Political
Economy of Inflation and Unemployment.

Bangladesh Economy: An Overview of Bangladesh Economy with Some Hands on Exercise

Suggested Readings:
Branson, William H. (1989), Macroeconomic Theory and Policy. New York: Harper & Row,
Publishers.
Diulio, Eugene (2005), Macroeconomics. Schaums Outline Series. 3rd Edition. New York: McGrawHill.
Mankiw, N.G. (2004), Macroeconomics. 15th Edition. New York: Worth Publishers.
Dornbusch, R. Fischer, S and Startz, R. (2000), Macroeconomics. 7th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Shapiro, Edward. J (1978), Macroeconomic Analysis. 4th Edition. New York: Harcourt Brace.
DS 506

Qualitative Research Methods

Course Objective:
This course is designed to demystify the process of qualitative research which will expose students
to a range of techniques and approaches associated with qualitative research - from writing a
research proposal, collecting data and analyzing the results, to writing up the research report.
Given the increasing consideration to qualitative research, this course is intended to orient students
towards understanding and exploring the complexities of meanings and interpretations. It is
expected that at the end of this course students will be fairly able to design their own qualitative
research and fieldwork plans.
Course Contents:
Research Epistemology: The Philosophy of Social Research, School of Thoughts in Social
Science: Positivism, Critical Perspective (Hermeneutics, Critical Theory, Feminism and
Postmodernism)

Social Theory and Social Research: Relationship between Social Theory and Social
Research, Linking Theory and Research, Situating Social Theory and Research

Ethics in Social Research: Research Ethics, Ethical Codes, Some Common Ethical Concerns
in Social Science Research, Consent of the Respondents, Confidentiality and Anonymity

Qualitative Research Methods: Introduction-Introduction to Qualitative Research Method,

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research Methods, History and Origin of Qualitative Methods,
Advantages and Disadvantages of Qualitative Methods

Designing Qualitative Research: The Research Problem, Literature Review, Debunking on

Theoretical issues, Designing the Project and Writing up the Research Proposal,
Operationalization, Conceptualization

Data Collection: Getting into the Field, Rapport Buildup, Pains and Pleasures of Fieldwork,
Units of Analysis, Sampling Techniques

Methods of Data Collection: Interviewing, Questionnaires: Open-ended and Semistructured, Surveys, Participant Observation, Focus Group Discussion, Case Studies,
Historical and Oral Traditions/Life Histories/Narrative Analysis, PRA, RRA, Participatory
Action Research, Taking Field Notes, Use of Audio-visual Equipments, Maintaining Diary

Writing Qualitative Research Report: Data into Text, Text and Reality, Kinds of Data,
Dilemma over Subjective and Objective Representation, Structure of the Write up,
Bibliography Presentation, Feedback and Rewriting

Suggested Readings:
Atkinson, Paul. (1990), The Ethnographic Imagination: Textual Constructions of Reality. New York:
Routledge.
Berg, Bruce L. (2001), Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences. Allyn and Bacon: Boston.
Bernard, H. Russell. (2002), Research Methods in Anthropology, 3rd Edition. Alta Mira Press.
Ellen, R.F. (1984), Ethnographic Research: A Guide to General Conduct. Academic Press: London.
Emerson, Robert M. Fretz, Rachel I, & Shaw, Linda L. (1995), Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Geertz, C. (1973), "Thick description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture." in: The
Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books, 3-30.
Goffman, E. (1989), "On fieldwork. " Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 18:123-132.
Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (1995), "What is Ethnography?" in: Ethnography: Principles in
Practice. London: Routledge, 1-22.
Hammersley, Martin (1995), The Politics of Social Research. London: Sage Publications.
Hollis, Martin (1994), The Philosophy of Social Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hughes, John A. and Sharrock, Wesley W. (1997), The Philosophy of Social Research.3rd Edition.
London and New York: Longman.
May, Tim (1997), Social Research: Issues, Methods and Process. 2nd Edition. Buckingham and
Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Ng, Pedro Pak-tao. (2003), Effective Writing: A Guide for Social Science Students. Hong Kong: Chinese
University Press.
Pennings, Paul, Keman, Hans and Kleinnijenhuis, Jan(1999), Doing Research in Political Science.
London: Sage Publications.
Ragin, Charles C. (1987), The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quantitative
Strategies. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Ragin, Charles C. (1992), What is a Case? Exploring the Foundations of Social Enquiry. Cambridge:
Cambridge Press.
Rice, L. Pranee & Ezzy, Douglas. (1999), Qualitative Research Methods: A Health Focus. Victoria:
Oxford University Press.
Rosaldo, R. (1986), "From the Door of his Tent: The Fieldworker and the Inquisitor, in James
Clifford and George Marcus (eds.) Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
Sanjek, Roger (ed.) (1990), Fieldnotes: The Makings of Anthropology. Ithaca: Cornell University
Press.

DS507

Statistics and Econometrics

Course Objective:
The primary aim of the course is to teach the students how to use quantitative tools to answer
research questions. By learning these fundamental quantitative analysis tools, students will also be
able to improve the design of research projects. The secondary goal of the course is to help students
become familiar with statistical software, which is essential for any quantitative project.
Course Contents:
Part 1:

Frequency Distributions: Construction of a Frequency Distribution, Class Limits, Graphic

Presentation of Frequency Distributions, Descriptive Measures for Frequency Distributions.

Measures of Central Tendency: The Arithmetic Mean, Median and Mode.

Measures of Dispersion: Distance Measures, Dispersion: Average Deviation Methods,

Relative Dispersion: Coefficient of Variation Errors in Prediction, Problems of
Interpretation.

Sampling and Sampling Distributions: Introduction, Why Sample? Errors- Accuracy

versus Precision, Design of the Investigation, Construction of Methodology, Some
Fundamental Concepts, Sampling Distribution for the Mean, The Central Limit Theorem,
Sampling Distribution of a Proportion, Continuous Distributions, The Normal Distribution.

Estimation: Point and Interval Estimation, Criteria of Goodness of Estimation, Confidence

Interval Estimation (Large Sample), Confidence Interval Estimation (Small Sample),
Determination of Sample Size.

Hypothesis Testing: The Rationale of Hypothesis Testing, One-Sample Test (Large

Samples), Two-Sample Tests (Large Samples), The t-distribution: Small Samples with
Unknown Population Standard Deviation(s), The t-Test for Paired Distributions.

Chi-Square Tests and Analysis of Variance: Tests of Goodness of Fit, Tests of

Independence, Analysis of Variance: Tests for Equality of Several Means.

Part 2:

Introduction to Econometrics: What is Econometrics? Methodology Used in Econometrics,

Understanding Econometric Modeling

Two Variable Linear Regression Model (CLRM): Population Regression Function,

Significance of Stochastic Error Term, Sample Regression Function, the Role of Statistical
Packages for Econometric Study.

Estimation of Two Variable Regression Model: The Method of Ordinary Least Square

(OLS), Properties of Least Square estimation, Co-variance between and , Goodness of

Fit, Confidence Interval for Regression, Coefficients and , Prediction

Hypothesis Testing: Confidence Interval and Test of Significance Approach

Estimation of Multiple Linear Regression Model: The Multiple Co-efficient of

Determination R2 Adjusted R2 The Matrix Approach to Linear Regression Model

Multicollinearity (M): Nature and Consequences of M, Detection of M, Remedial Measure

Hetaroskedasticity (H): GLS/WLS, Nature of H, Consequences of Using OLS in the Presence

of H, Detection of H

Specification Bias: Types of Specification Error, Errors of Measurement, Consequences and

Test of Specification Error

Autocorrelation: Consequences, Detection and Remedial Measure

Dummy Variable: Dummy Variable in the Explanatory Variable, Dummy Variable in the
Dependent Variable (Linear Probability Model, Logit model, Probit Model)

Hands on Exercise using selected Software: SPSS, STATA, Microfit, Eviews

Suggested Readings:
Part 1:
Hamburg, Morris (1979), Statistical Analysis for Decision Making, Second edition. New York:
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.
Moroney, M.J. (1990), Facts From Figures. London: Penguin Books.
Mills, Richard L. Statistics for Applied Economics and Business. New Delhi: McGraw- Hill Book
Company.
Bowers, David. Statistics for Economists. London: ELBS/Macmillan.
Bowen, Earl K. and Starr, Martin K.: Basic Statistics for Business and Economics. New Delhi: McGrawHill International Editions.
Frank, Harry & Steven C. Althoen (1995), Statistics: Concepts and Applications. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Part 2:
Hamilton, Lawrence C. (2004), Statistics with Stata (updated for version 9). Stata Corporation.
Hellevik, Ottar (1984), Introduction to Causal Analysis: Exploring Survey Data by Crosstabulation.
Oslo: Scandinavian University Press.
Gujarati, D. N., 2003, Basic Econometrics, McGraw Hill, NY
Kamenta.J 1971, Elements of Econometrics, Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc, NY
DS 508

Development Economics

Course Objective:
This course is designed to give the students a broad exposure to the dynamic process of growth and
development and the problem and issues it generates. Each competitive paradigm of development
is set against a particular and unique geo-political and institutional set up, and the experiences and
the lessons of the underlying development strategies and policies provide crucial insight for
planners and policy makers in contemporary developing societies. So, the first part of the course
contains the analysis of economics of growth, economics of development and different theories of
growth. The second part is designed to introduce the economics of critical policy issues in the
context of broad sectoral performance.
Course Contents:
Part 1: Analysis of Economics of Growth, Economics of Development and Theories of Growth

Some Conceptual Underpinning: Difference between Economic Growth and Economic

Development, Concept and Definitions of Development

Evolution of Development Indicators

Historic Growth and Contemporary Development

The Growth Game: The Economics of Growth: Capital, Labour, Technology; The Historical
Record: Kuznetss Six Characteristics of Modern Economic Growth

Classic Theories of Growth and Development: Balanced and Unbalanced Growth, Rostows
Stages of Growth, Harrod-Domar Growth Model, The Lewis Theory of Development

Structural Change and Patterns of Development

The International Dependence Revolution

The Solow Neoclassical Growth Model

The New Growth Theory

Starting Economic Development: The Big Push

New Institutional Economics

Part 2: Economics of Policy Issues: A Sectoral Perspective

Distribution and Poverty

Agricultural Transformation and Rural development

Industrialization

Population

Health and Education, Human Resource Development

Choice of Techniques

Development and the Environment

Foreign Aid Dependence

Participatory Development and the Empowerment Process

Structural Adjustment Policies

International Trade and New International Economic Order

Suggested Readings:
Bardhan, P. and Udry, C (1999), Development Microeconomics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Colman, D and Nixson, F (1994), Economics of Change in Less Developed Countries. London:
Harvester.
CPD (2002), Bangladesh Economy and Forthcoming Development Forum 2002. Dialogue Report, May
2002. Dhaka: CPD.
Eatwell, J. (ed.) (1989), Economic Development. New York: Macmillan.
Ghatak, S. (2003), An Introduction to Development Economics. 4th Edition. London and New York:
Routledge.
Gillis, M et al (1996), Economics of Development. New York: Norton.
Meir, G (ed.) (1995), Leading Issues in Economic Development. 6th Edition. Oxford: Oxford University
Press,
Meir, G. and Rauch,.J.E (2000), Leading Issues in Economic Development. 7th Edition. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.

Roy, D. (1998), Development Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Thirwall,A.P.(1999), Growth and Development. New York: Macmillan.
Todaro, M.P. and Stephen, C.S. (2003), Economic Development. Singapore: Pearson Education 8th ed.
DS 509

Project Planning and Evaluation

Course Objective:
This course has incorporated step-by-step processes and techniques that are necessary in the
planning and design phase of a project. At the end of the course, the students are expected to
develop a broad based understanding of the key contexts, tools, and issues surrounding project
design and analysis both globally and nationally.
Course Contents:
Introducing Projects as Cutting Edge of Development: Concept, Rationale, Categories,
Features and Characteristics, Project Life Cycles, Basic ideas of Project Analysis, Points of
views in project Analysis: Economic, Social and Financial

Context of Projects: The Four Ps: People, planning, policies and Project, Markets and
market distortion

Project Planning and Design: Project planning and designing process, Why Plan? Typical
Steps in Planning and Design

Project Design: Project rational and strategy, Linking Project Elements, Indicators,
External Factors and Assumptions, Monitoring and Evaluation

Selected tools of project analysis, design and management: Social Impact Assessment,
Stakeholder Analysis, Logical Framework, SWOT Analysis

Costs and Benefits in Project Analysis: Identifying the Costs and benefits of project with
special reference to a Developmental Project Benefit-Cost ratio

Discounted Cash Flow Measures and Application: Selected popular measures of

Discounted Cash Flows: Net Present Worth, Internal Rate of Return, Others; Economic
Appraisal: Use of techniques including shadow prices; Analysis of projects with tangible and
non-tangible products

Suggested Readings:
Bakewell, Oliver & Garbutt, Anne (2005), The Use and Abuse of the Logical framework Approach.
Belli P., Anderson J.R., Barnum H. N., Dixon J. A., and Tan J. (2001), Economic Analysis of Investment
Operations, Washington: The World bank.
Chanda S. (1989), Managing projects in Bangladesh. Dhaka: University Press Limited
Curry S. and Weiss J. (2000), Project Analysis in Developing Countries, London: Macmillan Press Ltd.
ILO n.d. Project Preparation, Implementation, Monitoring, Evaluation: Users Hand Book. Dhaka:
International Labour Organization.
NORAD (1999), The Logical Framework Approach. Oslo: Norwegian Agency for development
Cooperation
Potts, David (2001), Project Planning and Analysis for Development. Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Renz, Patrick S. (2009), Project governance: Implementing Corporate Governance and Business Ethics
in Nonprofit Organizations, Physica-Verlag Heidelberg.

Veneklasen, Lisa & Miller, Valerie (2002), A New Wave of Power, people & Politics: The Action Guide
for Advocacy and Citizen Participation. Practical Action Publishing.
Wield, David (1999), Tools for project Development within a Public Action Framework, in
Development in Practice, Volume 9, Issue 1&2, Pages 33-42.
DS 510

Poverty: Concepts, Strategies and Programming

Course Objective:
The course is intended to provide students with a comprehensive training in the conceptualization,
identification and measurement of poverty and help students develop skill and capability to use this
training in the analysis of processes generating poverty; in the design and impact assessment of
strategic and specific policy interventions and of the dynamics of spontaneous subaltern responses
aimed at eliminating poverty. The course will help students develop comprehensive ideas about
policies, strategies and interventions adopted by the public and private sectors to reduce poverty in
Bangladesh. On completion of the course, students will also be able to identify meaningful sources
to undertake data analysis related to poverty.
Course Contents:
Understanding Poverty: The Meaning of Poverty, Vicious Circle of Poverty, Causes of
Poverty, Income Vs Multidimensional Concept of Poverty, Absolute and Relative Poverty,
Subjective and Objective Approach of Poverty, Chronic Poverty, Social Exclusion.

Measuring Poverty: Operationalizing the Definition of the Poor, Determination of Poverty

Lines, Measurement of Absolute Poverty: Head Count Index, Income Gap Index, Sen Index,
Foster-Greek-Thorbecke (FGT), Measurement of Relative Poverty: Income Inequality, GiniCoefficient, Lorenz Curve

Composite Indicators: Human Development Index (HDI), Human Poverty Index (HPI),
Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI), Relation Between HDI & HPI, Compare GNP And HDI,
Happiness Index

Entitlements, Poverty and Famines

Micro Credit as a Tool of Poverty Alleviation: Experience from Bangladesh

Poverty Reduction through supporting international trade, aiding economic growth, and
SME facilitation activities

Social Business, Corporate Social Responsibility

Population and Poverty, Poverty and Environment

ICT and Poverty Alleviation

Social Security: Income Transfers, Social Safety Net Programs: The Case of Bangladesh

Hands on Exercise and Poverty Data Sources (Bangladesh): Household Income-Expenditure

Surveys by BBS, Contents of Survey Questionnaire, Poverty Monitoring Survey by BBS,
Village Survey by Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS), Village Rural MicroCredit Survey (RMS) by BIDS-World Bank Research Project, Urban Poverty Survey by BIDS,
Survey on Study of Urban Poverty in Bangladesh by ADB, Bangladesh Nutrition Survey.

Suggested Readings:

BIDS (1990), Special Issue on Poverty in Bangladesh volume XVIII, No. 3, Bangladesh Development
Studies.
Brockerhoff, M. And E. Brennam (1998), The Poverty of Cities in Developing Regions, Population
And Development Review, 24(1): 75-114.
Carvalho, S. And H. White (1997), Combining The Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Poverty
Measurement and Analysis. World Bank Technical Paper No. 366. Washington D.C.: The
World Bank.
Goetz, A.M. & R.S. Gupta (1996), Who Takes the Credit? Gender, Power, and Control over Loan Use
in Rural Credit Programs in Bangladesh, World Development 24(1) Pp. 45-63
Hashemi, S.M., S.R. Schuler, & A.P. Riley (1996), Rural Credit Programs and Womens
Empowerment in Bangladesh, World Development 24(4): 635-653.
Hickson, R. (2001), Financial Services for the very Poor- Thinking Outside the Box. Small
Enterprise Development 12(2): 55-67.
Hulme, D. and Paul Mosley (1996), Finance against Poverty. Volume 1, Routledge, London and New
York
Hume, David (2000), Impact Assessment Methodologies for Microfinance: Theory, Experience and
Better Practice, World Development 28(1): 79-98.
Hye, H.A. (1996), Below the Line: Rural Poverty in. Bangladesh. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Khandker, S.R. (1999), Fighting Poverty with Microcredit. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Ravallion, M. and Sen, B. (1996), When Method Matters: Monitoring Poverty in. Bangladesh,
Economic Development and Cultural Change, 44: 76192.
Ray, Debraj (1998), Development Economics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Sen, B. (2002), Poverty in Bangladesh: A Review. Dhaka: Bangladesh Institute of Development
Studies.
Sen, B. and S. Begum, (1998), Methodology for Identifying the Poorest at Local Level. Dhaka:
Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS).
Taylor, L., S. Mehrotra, and E. Delamonica (1997), The Links Between Economic Growth, Poverty
Reduction and Social Development: Theory And Policy, in S. Mehrothra and R. Jolly (Eds.)
Development with a Human Face. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 435-467.
Thirlwall, A.P. (2003), Growth and Development. 7th Edition. London: Macmillan.
World Bank (2000), World Development Report 2000/2001: On Attacking Poverty. Washington D.C.:
The World Bank.
World Bank, (1996), Bangladesh: Pursuing Common Goals, Strengthening Relations between
Government and Development NGOs. Dhaka: University Press Limited.
Written, Ellen (1995), Conceptualizing Urban Poverty, Environment and Urbanization 7(1): 11-36.
Yunus, M (2003), Expanding Micro Credit Outreach to Reach the Millennium Development Goal
Some Issues for Attention. Paper Presented at The International Seminar on Attacking
Poverty with Micro Credit Organized By Palli KarmaSahayak Foundation (PKSF) in Dhaka
on January 8 9, 2003.
DS 511
Course Objective:

Disaster, Vulnerability and Sustainable Development

It is well known that Bangladesh is a highly disaster-prone country and particularly in this context
of widespread poverty, disasters often assume great proportions; both risk and vulnerability to
various disasters is extensive. Some disasters, such as floods and drought, are annual and cause
national loss at a regular frequency. Others, such as cyclones and earthquakes, are waiting in the
offing, and it is not hard to imagine the destruction that could occur in a severe earthquake in the
rapidly growing and densely populated urban areas. In this context, the course will address the key
issues of sustaining the development of the country by focusing the concern of all stakeholders.
Course Contents:
Introduction: Natural hazards, Human-induced hazards, Industrial hazards, Distinction
between hazard and disaster, Hazard vulnerability, relation between disaster and
vulnerability, relation between disaster and development.

Fundamentals of Disaster Management: General principles of management, Conceptual

framework of disaster management, Basic concepts of preparedness, rescue, relief,
rehabilitation and reconstruction, Inclusive approach to disaster management.

Organizational and Policy Context of Disaster Management: Role of the government,

Role of NGOs, Role of international funding agencies, Cross-sectoral linkages, Policy
formulation, Program and project implementation.

Disaster Response and Recovery Strategies: Post-impact phase, Immediate rescue and
relief needs, Long-term recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction, Post-disaster trauma
management.

Disaster Preparedness and Vulnerability Reduction: Disaster preparedness planning,

Specifications of preparedness requirements, Risk management strategies, Preventive
and/or mitigating actions, Risk insurance.

Community Based Approaches to Disaster Management: Participatory methods, VCA,

Community mobilization, Facilitating self-help initiatives, Sustaining long-term community
based disaster management.

Risk Communication, Training and Public Awareness: Communication and

dissemination techniques, Public awareness campaigns, Training programs, Role of media,
internet and telecommunications.

Disaster Risk Reduction and Development Planning for sustainability: Linkages

between disasters and development, Impact of disasters on development, DisasterDevelopment continuum, Cause-Effect relationship between development planning and
disasters.

Suggested Readings:
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center. (2005) A Primer for Disaster Risk Management in Asia.
Bartle,
P.
(2003)
From
Disaster
to
Development.
Seattle,
CDS.
www.scu.org/ip/cds/cmp/modules/dis-int.htm
CARE-Bangladesh (2002) Disasters in Bangladesh and Public Awareness (in Bangla). Dhaka, CAREBangladesh.
DMB (2000) Disaster Management Standing Orders. Dhaka, DMB.

Hossain, H., Dodge, C.P., and Abed F.H. (1992) From Crisis to Development: Coping with Disasters in
Bangladesh. Dhaka, UPL.
IDNDR (2000) Natural Disasters: Strategies for Mitigation and Disaster Response. Germany, IDNDR.
Islam, S. (2003) Disaster Management Bureau: Vision and Activities towards National Preparation.
Dhaka, DMB.
Matin, N. and Taher, M. (2001) The Changing Emphasis of Disasters in Bangladesh NGOs.
Disasters, Vol. 25, No. 3.
Nizamuddin, K. (ed) (2001) Disaster in Bangladesh. Dhaka, DRTMC.
Stoner, J.A.F. and Freeman, R.E. (2000) Management. New Delhi, Prentice-Hall.
Office of the United Nations Disaster Relief Coordinator (1984) Preparedness Aspects: Disaster
Prevention and Mitigation. New York, United Nations.
Schreider, Tari (1998) Encyclopedia of Disaster Recovery, Security and Risk Management. New
York, Crucible.
UNCRD (2003) International Workshop on People, Communities and Disasters. Proceedings. Hyoga,
UNCRD.
DS 512

Gender and Development

Course Objective:
The course traces gender discourses in development through particular localities and theories
(such as colonial and post colonial histories) and at the same time places them in the context of
contemporary cultural, social and political theory and practice. Equal attention is devoted to
discourses on masculinity and femininity, and their relevance for development thinking and
practice. A selection of mainstream and feminist gender discourses relevant for development is
analyzed through their intersections with sexuality, class, race, ethnicity and religion. Discourses on
the (male/ female) body and reproduction will be central.
Course Contents:
Introduction to the Course and the Concepts: Gender as a Development Issue; Discourse:
Power, Knowledge, Practice

Approaches to Women, Gender and Development: The Welfare Approach, Women in

Development (WID) Approach, Gender and Development (GAD) Approach, Women and
Development Approach, The Efficiency Approach, The Empowerment Approach, Gender
and Environment Approach and Mainstreaming Gender Equality

Measuring Gender Development: Gender Development Index, Gender Empowerment

Measure, Gender Indicators and Criteria

Gender: Identities, Ideologies, Institutions

Gender: Femininities /Masculinities, Masculinities and Development

Development: Feminist Interventions

Discourses of the Body: The Fe/male Body

Race and Nation: The Fe/male Body

Gender, Health and Reproduction, HIV/AIDS and Violence

Gender and Migration: The Case of Nannies, Maids and Domestic Workers

Discourses of Victimisation and Agency: Beyond Victimization and Agency

Invisible Subject: Women in Militant and Right Wing Movements; Male Victim

Suggested Readings:
Chant, Sylvia and Guttman, M.C. (2002), Men-streaming gender? Questions for Gender and
Development Policy in the Twenty-first Century, Progress in Development Studies, 2(4):
269-282.
Cleaver,F .(ed) (2002), Masculinities Matter: Men ,Gender and Development , London: Zed Books.
Cornwell, A. (1997) Men, Masculinities and Gender in development, Gender and Development,
5(2): 8-13.
El-Bushra, Judy. E.(2000), Rethinking Gender and Development for the Twenty-first Century,
Gender and Development,8(1): 55-62.
Garcia, Brigida. (2000) Women, Poverty and Demographic Change. New York: Oxford University
Press.
Jackson, C. and Pearson, R. (1998) Feminist Visions of Development: Gender, Analysis and Policy.
London: Routledge.
Kabeer,N. (2001), Revised Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought, London: Verso.
Koczberski, G (1998) Women in Development: A Critical Analysis, Third World Quarterly 19(3):
395-409.
Momsen, J.H (2001), Backlash: or how to snatch from the Jaw of Success in Gender and
Development, Progress in Development Studies, 1(1): 51-56.
Momsen, J.H. (2004), Gender and Development, London: Routledge.
Sawicki, J. (1991), Disciplining Foucault, Feminism, Power and the Body, Routledge: New
York/London.
Sinha,M. (1997), Colonial Masculinity : The Manly Englishman and the Effeminate Bengali in the Late
19th Century, Delhi: Kali for Women.
Sweetman, C. (ed.) (1997), Men and Masculinity. Oxford: Oxfam.
United Nations (1995), The World's Women 1995: Trends and Statistics. New York: United Nations.
Note: Various issues of Gender and Development journal can be consulted.
DS 531

International Trade and Globalization

Course Objective:
The objective of this course is two-fold: first, to provide an introduction to the basis, consequences,
theories and policies of international trade and to the multilateral trading system and institutions
such as the World Trade Organization and second, to provide students with an overview of the
main aspects and issues in globalization, empirical evidence on the effects of globalization and the
challenges for the successful governance of globalization.
Course Contents:
Introduction: Intra and International Trade, Economic Base of International Trade,
Importance of International Trade, Mercantilist Theories on Trade, Theory of Absolute
Advantage, Theory of Comparative Advantage, Theory of Opportunity Cost, International
Equilibrium, Offer Curves, Terms of Trade.

Theories: The Basic Assumptions of Heckscher-Ohlin Model, Factor Intensity, Factor

Abundance, propositions of Heckscher-Ohlin model - Rybczynski Theorem, Heckscher-Ohlin
Theorem, Stolper-Smauelson Theorem, Factor Price Equalization Theorem.

Theories: Empirical Testing of the Ricardian Theory, the Leontief Paradox, the Specific
Factors Model, Empirical Challenge to Traditional Theories, Linders Thesis, Technological
Gap and Production Cycle Theories.

Tariff: Types of Tariffs, Partial Equilibrium Analysis of Tariff, General Equilibrium Analysis
of Tariff Small and Large Country Case, Tariff and World Welfare, Effective Protection,
Arguments for and against Protection.

Preferential Trading Arrangements: Various Types of Integration Theory of Customs

Union, Static and Dynamic Effects Trade Creation and Trade Diversion, Rationale for
Regional Trade Agreements among Developing Countries.

Growth and Trade: Trade as an Engine of Growth, Sources of Economic Growth, Effects of
Growth on Small and Large Countries, Trade Liberalization, Linkages between Trade
Liberalization, Growth and Poverty

Trade Policy of Bangladesh: Trade, Development and Poverty Reduction in the Context of
Bangladesh, Trade and Industrial Policy Environment in Bangladesh, Export Diversification,
RMG and Post MFA, FDI - Trends in FDI in the Developing Countries, Countries attracting
FDIs, Trends in FDI in Bangladesh, Role of UNCTAD, BoI, EPB, BEPZA

Multilateral and Regional Trade: WTO, Origin of WTO: From GATT to WTO, GATS, DFQF,
NAMA, SPS, TRIPS, SAFTA, South-South Trade

Hands on Exercise: Trade Statistics and its Sources, HS code, cross country export-import
comparison, Bangladesh OTS (Operative Tariff Schedule), Calculation the impact of tariffs

Globalization: Meaning, Definition, Characteristics of Globalization, Phases of Globalization,

Emergence of Global Institutions and their Role in Integration of Global Economy, Social and
Economic Costs and Benefits of Globalization, Peripheral Economics in the Process of
Globalization: The Case of Bangladesh

Suggested Readings:
Ahmed, N (2001), Trade Liberalization in Bangladesh. Dhaka: The University Press Limited.
Ahmed Sadiq and Sattar, Zaidi (2004), Trade Liberalization, Growth and Poverty Reduction: The Case
of Bangladesh. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.
Rahman, M. and D. Bhattacharya (2000),"Bangladesh Experience with Trade and Investment
Liberalisation. A Perspective on Poverty Alleviating Implications." In Liberalisation and
Poverty: Is There a Virtuous Circle. Jaipur: Consumer Unity and Trust Society (CUTS).
Chacholiades, Miltiades (1990), International Economics. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing
company
CPD (2005), Bangladesh in the Global Trade Regime. Dhaka: Pathak Shamabesh.
CPD (2005), WTO and Bangladesh. Dhaka: Center for Policy Dialogue.
CPD (2006), Regional Cooperation in South Asia: A Review of Bangladeshs Development 2004. Dhaka:
CPD and UPL.
CPD (2006), The Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration: An assessment from the LDC perspective, Report
83.

Crawford, J., and Laird, S. (2000), Regional Trade Agreements and the WTO, CREDIT Research
Paper, 00/3, University of Nottingham.
Eusuf M.A and Rahman, Atiur (2006), Cost of Non cooperation in South Asia. Jaipur: CUTS
International.
Eusuf and Toufique (2006), Trade, Development and Poverty Linkage: A Case Study of Cellular
Phone in Bangladesh, Unnayan Shamannay & CUTS
Eusuf et al. (2006), Trade Liberalization and Poverty: The Bangladesh Experience. SDPI, Pakistan
Feder, G. (1983), On Exports and Economic Growth, Journal of Development Economics, 12: 59-73.
Frankel, J.A. and Romer, D. (1999), Does Trade Cause Growth, American Economic Review, 89(3):
379-99.
Feenstra, Robert (2003), Advanced International Trade: Theory and Evidence. Princeton,
NJ:
Princeton University Press.
Hertel and Winters (2006), Poverty and the WTO, MacMillan and World Bank.
Krueger, A. (1999), Are Preferential Trading Arrangements Trade Liberalizing or Protectionists?,
Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13(4): 105-24.
Krugman, Paul. R and Maurice Obstfeld (2001), International Economics: Theory and Practice. Fifth
Edition. New York: Addision-Wesley-Longman
Mujeri (2002), Globalization and Poverty Links In Bangladesh: Some Broad Observations, in
Rehman Sobhan (ed.), Bangladesh Facing The Challenges of Globalization: A Review of
Bangladesh's Development 2001. Dhaka: Centre for Policy Dialogue and The University Press
Limited, 143-176.
Mujeri and Khondker (2002), Poverty Implications of Trade Liberalization in Bangladesh: A General
Equilibrium Approach. Dhaka: Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies.
Razzaque, M.A. (2004), Trade reforms and export response: Post MFA policy implications for
Bangladesh, Ministry of Commerce.
Razzaque,M.A. (2005), Bangladesh Export Propensity in Global Context: a Comparative Analysis.
Social Science Review, 22(1).
Razzaque, M.A and Eusuf, M.A (2006), Trade, Development and Poverty Linkage: A Case Study of
Ready Made Garment Industry in Bangladesh, Unnayan Shamannay & CUTS
Razzaque, M.A and Raihan,S (2006), Multilateral and regional trade negotiations: Implications for
the Bangladesh Economy, Unnayan Shamannay and UNDP Colombo.
Razzaque, M.A. et al. (2003), Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence on
Bangladesh, Paper Presented at the BIDS-World Bank Workshop on Trade Policies in South
Asia, 6-7 October.
Razzaque, Raihan and Eusuf (2006), Trade and industrial policy environment in Bangladesh,
Unnayan Shamannay and UNDP Colombo.
Rodriguez, F., and Rodrik, D. Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptics Guide to Cross
National Evidence, NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000.
Salim (2003), Economic Liberalization and Productivity Growth: Further Evidence from
Bangladesh in Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 31( 1): 85-98
Salvatore, Dominick (1998). International Economics. Sixth Edition. Prentice Hall.
Santos-Paulino (2002), The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Imports in Selected Developing
Countries, World Development, 30(6): 959-974.

Stiglitz, Joseph (2002), Globalization and Its Discontents. New York: Norton
Winters, Alan, 2000, Trade, Trade Policy and Poverty, What are the Links? Centre for Economic
Policy Research, London. February 2000
DS 532

Public Finance

Course Objective:
The course is about the economic analysis of public policy issues. The focus of the course is on the
development of analytical tools and their application to key policy issues relating to the spending,
taxing and financing activities of government. This course will acquaint students with critical topics
such as fiscal instruments and its effects on output, employment and inflation, tax structure and tax
incidence, budget process, its preparation, legislation and execution and public debt and its
limitations.
Course Contents:
Introduction: Definition of Public Finance, Emergence of Public Finance as a Separate
Branch, Scope and Limitations of Public Finance.

The Government: Economic Functions of the Government-Allocative Functions,

Distributive Functions, Public Choice and Macroeconomic Stability, Tools of the Government
to achieve its Objectives (Taxation, Subsidies, Expenditure, Regulations, Borrowing) Conflicts between Various Functions of Government

Economic Rationale of the Governments Intervention: Market Failure and Rationale for
Government Intervention, Other Rationales Income Distribution and Merit Goods.

Theory of Public Goods: Definition, Characteristics and Classification of Public Goods,

Public Goods and Merit goods, the Nature of Market Failure in the Presence of Public Goods,
Public Goods and Government Intervention, Demand for Public Goods, the Free Rider
Phenomenon, Pareto Efficient Conditions in the Presence of Public Goods, Efficiency
Conditions for Private and Public Goods, Private Provision of Public Goods.

Theory of Externalities: Definition and Classification of Externalities, Market Failure and

Government Intervention - The Coase Theorem, Tragedy of the Commons.

Basics of Taxation: Different Sources of Revenue, Classification of Taxes: Direct and

Indirect Taxes, Personal Income Tax and Corporate Income Tax, Sales and Value added Tax;
Requirement of a Good tax system, Canons of Taxes, Horizontal and Vertical Utility,
Taxation and Deadweight Loss, Tax Evasion and Tax Avoidance, Principles of Taxation, Tax
Incidence, Economic Effects of Various Taxes, Tax Administration, Tax Structure of
Developed and Developing Countries with Special Focus on Bangladesh Tax Structure.

Budget: Different Concepts Related to Budget, Budget Process, Preparation, Legislation and
Execution, Role of Parliament in Budget Oversight, Arguments for and against Balanced
Budget, Budget Forecasting, Bangladesh Budget Analysis.

Fiscal System in Bangladesh: Structure of Tax Revenue and Non-tax Revenue, Pattern of
Current Expenditure, Pattern of Development Expenditure, Expenditure on Human
Resource Development and Poverty Alleviation Sector, Fiscal Constraint and Vulnerability
of Development Expenditure, Fiscal Instruments and Effects on Output, Employment and

Inflation, Sustainability of Fiscal Deficit, Fiscal Policies in Developing Countries with Special
Focus on Bangladesh.

Public Debt: Public and Private Debt, Limits to Raising Public Debt, Public Debt and
Economic Growth, Public Debt and Inflation, Public Debt and Taxation, Debt Redemption
and Debt Management.

Suggested Readings:
Atkinson, A.B. and J.E. Stiglitz (1980), Lectures in Public Economics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Baumol, W.A (1986), Supper Fairness; Applications & Theory. Cambridge, Mass.; London : MIT press.
Browing E.K. and J.M. Browing (1994), Public Finance and the Price System. 4th Edition. Upper Saddle
River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Collis J. and P. Jones(1992), Public Finance and Public Choice: Analytical Perspective. New York:
Mcgraw Hill Book Co Ltd.
Dean, Peter N. (1989), Government Budgeting in Developing Countries. London: Routledge.
Due, Jhon F.(1970), Indirect Taxation in Developing Countries. Baltimore and London: Johns
Hopkins University Press.
E.Ahmed & N. Stern, (1991), The Theory and Practice of Tax Return in Developing Countries. C.U.P.
Goode, R. (1984), Government Finance in Developing Countries. Washington: Brookings Institute.
Gruber, Jonathan. (2005), Public Finance and Public Policy. New York NY: Worth Publishers.
Herber, Bernard P (1983), Modern Public Finance. 5th Edition. Illinois: Irwin.
Hossain, M.I (1988), Sarkari Arthabaybostha (Bangla).
Lewis, S.R (1984), Taxation for Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Musgrave R.A and Musgrave, P.B (1989), Public Finance in Theory and Practice. 5th Edition. New
York: McGrow-Hill.
Rosen, H. S. (2004), Public Finance. 7th Edition Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill.
Stiglitz, J.E(2002), Economics of Public Sector. 3rd Edition. New York: Norton.
Thomson, W. (2001), A Guide for the Young Economist. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Tresch, R. (2002), Public Finance: A Normative Theory, Second Edition. San Diego, CA: Academic
Press.
Veseth, M (1984), Public Finance. Reston Va: Reston Publishing Company.
Wolf, Jr. (1988), Markets or Government: Choosing Between Imperfect Alternatives. Cambridge,
Mass.; London: MIT Press.
Additional Resources:
World Bank: Bangladesh Public Expenditure Review (various Issues). Dhaka: World Bank.
Budgets of Bangladesh Government (various years)
Bangladesh Economic Review (various years)
DS 533

Economics of Institutions and Transitions

Course Objective:
The main aim of the course is to provide an overview of recent developments in the field of
institutional economics, to introduce the basic concepts and techniques related to the subject, to
show the students how the institutional structure of economy determines the incentives of
economic agents, and to help the students in their understanding of the role of institutional

environment in economic theory and in business practice, including the analysis of modern
problems in Bangladesh development.
Course Contents:
Introduction to institutional analysis: The concept of institution; Institutions and
organizations; Functions of social institutions; Interaction situations and the types of
norms: prisoners' dilemma-type situation; coordination situation; inequality situation;
Enforcement characteristics.

Institutional structure of the society: Formal and informal institutions; Sanctions for
disobeying norms (self-enforcing sanctions, guilt, shame, informational sanctions, bilateral
costly sanctions, multilateral costly sanctions); Conditions of norms' effectiveness;
Interaction of formal and informal institutions; The limits on the transplanting of
institutions from best performing countries; The problems of their enforceability.

The New Institutional Economics: Modern institutionalism and Old institutional

economics

Transaction costs: The concept of transaction; Transaction costs as friction in the

economy; Transaction costs and transformation costs; Interdependency between
transaction costs and transformation costs; Types of market transaction costs and means of
transaction costs minimization; (search and information costs; measurement costs;
bargaining and decision costs; supervision and enforcement costs); The state of nature and
private enforcement devices; Self-enforcing agreements; and hostages; Enforcement
mechanisms based on bilateral; and multilateral reputation; shortcomings of reputation as a
contract enforcement mechanism; Enforcing contracts with the help of the legal system;
Comparative advantages and shortcomings of the legal enforcement mechanism. Contract
enforcement in contemporary Bangladesh; Transaction costs, the main types of economic
exchange and their institutional structure; Coexistence of the main types of economic
exchange in the modern society; Transaction cost measurement; Transaction costs in the
Bangladesh economy

Economic Theory of Property Rights: The definition of property rights. Property rights in
different legal traditions; (common law and civil law traditions); The property rights
approach: some basic concepts. Specification of property rights, the bundle of rights,
partitioning of property rights, attenuation of property rights; Assigning of property rights:
the internalization of externalities; The Coase Theorem. Critic of Coase; Alternative
property rights regimes; Common property (open access) and the tragedy of the commons;
Exclusive property rights and the conditions for their emergence; The interest-group theory
of property rights; The costs of collective action; The theory of rent seeking; interest groups
and rent seeking in the Bangladesh economy

Contracts: The definition of a contract; Legal and economic approach to contracts; Freedom
of contract; The notion of a complete contract; Why are the real contracts incomplete?
Bounded rationality of economic agents; Asymmetric information (hidden characteristics,
hidden information/hidden action, hidden intentions) and opportunistic behavior Adverse
selection and the closing of markets. Signaling, screening and self-selection; Asset plasticity
and moral hazard; Principal-agent problem and agency costs; A simple principle-agent

experiment in the classroom. Controlling; and preventing moral hazard (controlling the
agent, incentive contracts, bonding); Classification of contracts (classical, neoclassical and
relational contracting); Discrete alternative governance structures: market, hybrids and
hierarchy:

The new institutional theory of the firm: Neoclassical theory of the firm. Explanations of
the firm in the new institutional theory; The market and the firm; Comparative analyses of
the alternative coordination forms; Internal market and influence costs; The boundaries of
the firm; Ownership structure of the firm. A theory of the owner monitor; Competing forms
of economic organization, relative advantages of alternative structures (proprietorships,
partnerships, open corporation, regulated firms, public enterprises, nonprofit
organizations, labor managed firms); Separation of ownership and control in the open
corporation; Opportunistic behavior of the managers and corporate control. Outsider and
insider corporate governance; Privatization in Bangladesh and other developing economies

The new institutional theory of the state: Social mechanisms for constraining open
access; Contractual theories of the state (Locke, Rousseau), Hobbes predatory theory of the
state; North's model of the state; The regulatory role of the state in the Bangladesh economy

The theory of institutional change: Stability of institutions and institutional change; The
concept of institutional equilibrium; The main sources of institutional change; Centralized
and spontaneous institutional change; The role of the state in the process of institutional
change; The problem of compensation of the disadvantaged groups; Theories of selection of
efficient institutions in the process of competition Institutional change and path
dependence; Forms of path dependence; Institutional change in contemporary Bangladesh

Suggested Readings:
Akerlof G.A. The Markets for "Lemons": Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism" Quarterly
Journal of Economics. 1984 Vol. 84. pp.488-500.
Alchian A., Woodward S. Re-ections on the Theory of the Firm.// Journal of Institutional and
Theoretical Economics, 1987, Vol.143, pp.110-136.
Barzel Y. Measurement Cost and the Organization of Markets. // Journal of Law and Economics,
1982, Vol. 25. pp. 27-48.
Bromley D. Institutional Change and Economic Efficiency.// Journal of Economic Issues. 1989. Vol.
23, No. 3.
Chung S. The Contactual Nature of the Firm. // Journal of Law and Economics, 1983, Vol. 26, pp.121.
Coase R. The Nature of the Firm. // Economic. 1937. Vo. 4.Pp. 386-405.
Coase R.H. The Problem of Social Cost. //Journal of Law and Economics. 1960. Vol.3Pp. 1-44.
Coase, R.: The Lighthouse in Economics, 17(2) Journal of Law and Economics, p. 357 (1974).
Cooter R. Coase Theorem. In: The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics. - L., Macmillan, 1987,
pp. 457-459.
Dahlman C. The Problem of Externality.// Journal of Law and Economics. 1979. Vol. 22. pp. 141162.
David P. Clio and the Economics of QWERTY.75 American Economic Review. Papers and
Proceedings 1985. Vol. 75 pp.332-337.

Demsetz H. Toward the Theory of Property Rights. //American Economic Review. 1967, Vol. 57,
pp.349-359.
Demsetz H. When Does the Rule of Liability Matter? //Journal of Legal Studies. 1972, Vol. 1. pp.1328.
Eggertson Thr. Institutions and Economic Behavior. Ch.1, pp.1-32.
Eggertson Thr. Neoinstitutional Economics. In: Newman P. The New Palgrave Dictionary of
Economics and the Law. Vol. 2, pp. 665-670.
Ellickson R. The Aim of Order Without Law. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics.
1994. Vol. 150 pp. 97-100.
Elster J. Social Norms and Economic Theory.//Journal of Economic Perspectives,1989 Vol.3. pp. 99117.
Fama E., Jensen M. Agency Problems and Residual Claims// Journal of Law and Economics.1983.
Vol.26. pp. 327-349. 3. Jensen M., Meckling W. Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior,
Furubotn E., Richter R. Institutions and Economic Theory. The University Of Michigan Press. 1997.
Ch. 1. p.1-38.
Furubotn E., Richter R. Institutions and Economic Theory. The University of Michigan Press. 1997.
Ch. 2. P.39-68.
Furubotn E., Richter R. Institutions and Economic Theory. The University Of Michigan Press. 1997.
Ch. 2. P.69-120.
Greif A. Contract Enforceability and Economic Institutions in Early Trade: the Maghribi Traders
Coalition. The American Economic Review. 1993. Vol. 83. pp. 525-548.
Greif A. Cultural Beliefs and the Organization of Society: A Historical and Theoretical Re-ection on
Collectivist and Individualist Societies //Journal of Political Economy, 1994. Vol. 102, N. 5,
pp. 912- 950.
Hart O. An Economist's Perspective on the Theory of the Firm. Columbia Law Review. 1989. Vol. 89 .
Joskow P. Contract Duration and Relationship-Speci-c Investments: Empirical Evidence from Coal
Markets.//American Economic Review. 1987. Vol. 77. pp. 168-173.
Klein B. Fisher-General Motors and the Nature of the Firm. Journal of Law and Economics. 2000.
Vol. 43. pp. 103-141.
Klein B., Crawford R., Alchian A. Vertical Integration, Appropriable Rents and the Competitive
Contracting Process. // Journal of Law and Economics, 1978, Vol. 21, pp. 297-326.
Libecap G. Common Property. In: Newman P. The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics and the
Law. Vol. 1, pp. 317-324.
Manne H. Mergers and the Market for Corporate Control. // Journal of Political Economy.1965. Vol.
73, p.
Margolis S., Liebowitz S. Path Dependence. In: Newman P. The New Palgrave Dictionary of
Economics and the Law. Vol. 3, pp.17-22.
McGuire M., J Olson M. The Economics of Autocracy and Majority Rule: The Invisible Hand and the
Rule of Force. //Journal of Economic Literature, 1996, Vol. 34 March, pp.72-96.
Menard C. Inside The Black Box: The Variety of Hierarchical Forms. In: Transaction Cost Economics
and Beyond. ed. Groenewegen J. L., Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp.149-170.
Milgrom P., Roberts J. Economics, Organization and Management, Prentice-Hall Int., 1992. Ch.2, pp.
19-35, Ch.5, pp.147-149, Ch.8, pp. 259-269.

Milgrom P., Roberts J. Economics, Organization and Management. Ch.9, pp. 313-325, Ch.15, pp. 482527.
Niehans J. Transaction Costs.//The Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. London, Macmillan. 1987. pp.
676-679.
North D. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge University Press,
1990, Ch.5, 6, 7.
North D. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance.Cambridge University Press,
1990, Ch.8.
North D. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge University Press,
1990, Ch. 9-14.
North D. Institutions.// Journal of Economic Perspective. 1991.Vol. 5. pp. 97-112.
North D. Integrating Institutional Change and Technical Change in Economic istory. A Transaction
Cost Approach. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics.1994. Vol.150. pp. 609624.
North D. Structure and Change in Economic Theory. N.Y. and London: Norton, 1981. Ch.3.
Olson M. Collective action. In: The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics. - L., Macmillan, 1987,
pp. 474-477.
Posner R. Social Norms and the Law: an Economic Approach. American Economic Review. 1997.
Vol.87 pp. 365-369.
Roe M. Chaos and Evolution in Law and Economics.// Harvard Law Review, 1996, Vol. 109, pp. 641658.
Schleifer A., Vishny R. A Survey of Corporate Governance. 52// Journal of Finance, 1007. Vo. 52. p.
737.
Tullock G. Rent-seeking. In: The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics. - L., Macmillan, 1987, pp.
147-149.
Williamson O. Calculativeness, Trust and Economic Organization.//Journal of Law and Economics,
1993, Vol. 36, N.1, Part 2.
Williamson O. Comparative Economic Organization: The Analyses of Discrete Structural
Alternatives. In: Mechanisms of Governance, Oxford University Press, 1996.
Williamson O. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. The Free Press, N.Y. 1985, Ch.2, pp. 43-67.
Williamson O. The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. The Free Press, N.Y. 1985, Ch.1-3, pp. 15-85.
Young P. H. The Economics of Convention. //Journal of Economic Perspectives. 1996. Vol.10. pp.
105-122.
DS 541

Polity, Policy Process and Institutions

Course Objective:
The course is aimed at analyzing the policy process as embedded in a comprehensive political, legal
and institutional framework. The course highlights the dual nature of the institutional framework in
which politics and policies are made. On the one hand, institutions structure the policy process.
Decision-making does not take place within a vacuum but is based on rules and procedures. The
practice of decision-making alters the use and meaning of core constitutional concepts. Effective
decision-making requires awareness of this inter-relationship between politics, law and public
policy. In addition to its special focus on Bangladesh, this course takes a comparative perspective

and reviews political institutions across countries and different levels of governance. It studies core
political institutions and the challenges related to their functioning in an increasingly independent
environment at the national, regional and global level.
Course Contents:
Conceptualizing political institutions: Institutions and Organizations, Institutional
Theories, Political Institution: Concepts and Theories

Forms of government: Differences in the design of government systems and their impact
on the policy process, Systems of parliamentary and presidential government compared,
Regime survival: Minority government/ divided government, Forms of centralized and
decentralized systems of government compared and contrasted

Political parties and Party system: The role of parties in the political system, Criticisms of
political parties, Institutionalization of party system, History, structure and functions of
major political parties in Bangladesh, Political parties in the policy process

Electoral systems: Party representation, constitutional engineering; Voting rules and

political behavior; Electoral system in Bangladesh, The Role of Election Commission; The
Caretaker Government Model; Electoral systems: Critiques

Civil society, NGOs: direct participation vs. representative democracy; populism vs.
democracy; Development, Structure, Features of Civil Society in Bangladesh; Role of civil
society in the policy process

Technological Change and Mode of Governance: Governance in Digital Era, EGovernance: concepts, ideas and practices, Bureaucracy and the role of IT, Responsive
Policy making and the role of IT

Direct democracy

Social movements and political opportunity structures

Cleavages and conflict lines, dimensions of political competition

Institutional design of agencies/ Independence

Networked governance/ multi-stakeholder governance

Self- and co-regulation, public private partnerships

Limitations of the nation state/ international institutions

Accountability links

Political trust in institutions in different systems

Suggested Readings:
Abts, K. and S. Rummens (2007). "Populism Versus Democracy." Political Studies 55(2): 405-424.
sa Bengtsson and M. Mattila (2009). "Direct Democracy and its Critics: Support for Direct
Democracy and 'Stealth' Democracy in Finland." West European Politics 32( 5): 1031 - 1048.
Bardy, L. and P. Mair (2008). "The Parameters of Party Systems." Party Politics 14(2): 147-166.
Bielasiak, J. (2002). "The Institutionalization of Electoral and Party Systems in Post communist
States." Comparative Politics 34(2): 189-210.
Bobbio, N. (1987). The Future of Democracy. Cambridge, Polity.

Cheibub, J. A. and F. Limongi (2002). "Democratic Institutions and Regime Survival: Parliamentary
and Presidential democracies Reconsidered." Annual Review of Political Science 5: 1551-179.
Dijk, J. v. (2006) The Network Society : Social Aspects of New Media Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Elff, M. (2009). "Social divisions, party positions, and electoral behaviour " Electoral Studies 28(2):
297308.
Figueiredo, A. C. and F. Limongi (2000). "Presidential Power, Legislative Organisation, and Party
Behavior in Brazil." Comparative Politics 32(2): 151-170.
Griffin, D. and E. Halpin (2002 ). "Local government: A digital intermediary for the information
age?" Information Polity 7: 217-230.
Gunther, R. and L. Diamond (2003). "Species of political parties: a new typology." Party Politics 9(2):
167-199.
Gunther, R. and L. Diamond, (2001) "Types and functions of parties", in: Gunther, R. and L.
Diamond, (eds.) Political Parties and Democracy, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University
Press, pp. 3-39.
Hayward, J., Ed. (1996). Elitism, Populism and European Politics. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
Hoffman, A.L. (2005) Political parties, electoral systems and democracy: A cross-national analysis.
European Journal of Political Research, 44, 231-242.
Katz, R. and P. Mair (1995). "Changing models of party Organization: The emergence of cartel
party." Party Politics 1(1): 5-28.
Khalil, E.L. (1995) Organizations versus Institutions. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical
economics 151: 445466.
Kim, Y. (2008). "Intra-party politics and minority coalition government in South Korea." Japanese
Journal of Political Science 9(3): 367-398.
Koelble, T. A. (1995). "The New Institutionalism in Political Science and Sociology." Comparative
Politics 27(2): 231-243.
L.G. Zucker, (1987) Institutional Theories of Organization. Annual Review of Sociology, 13: 443-464.
Laver, M. and N. Schofield (1990). Multi Government: The Politics of Coalition in Europe. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Lijphart, A. (1994). Electoral Party Systems: A Study of Twenty Seven Democracies, 1945-1990.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lijphart, A. (1999). Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-six
Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Linz, J. J. (1990). "The Perils of Presidentialism." Journal of Democracy 1(1): 51-69.
Linz, J. J. and A. Valenzuela (1994). The Failure of Presidential Democracy: The Case of Latin
America. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.
Linz, J.J. (1990) The virtues of parliamentarism. Journal of Democracy, 1(4): 84-91.
Mainwaring, S. (1993). "Presidentialism, Multipartism and Democracy: The Difficult Combination."
Comparative Political Studies 26(2): 198-228.
Mainwaring, S. and T. R. Scully (1995). Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin
America. Stanford, Stanford University Press.
March, J. and J. Olsen (1984) "The New Institutionalism: Organizational Factors in Political Life",
American Political Science Review 78: 734-749.

Martin, L. W. and R. T. Stevenson (2001). "Government Formation in Parliamentary Democracies."

American Journal of Political Science 45(1): 33-50.
Meyer, J.W. and R., B. (1977) Institutionalised Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and
Ceremony, American Journal of Sociology 83(2): 340-363.
Mozaffar, S., J. R. Scarritt, et al. (2003). "Electoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages and Party
Systems in Africa's Emerging Democracies." American Political Science Review 97(3): 379390.
Norris, P. (1997). "Choosing Electoral Systems: Proportional, Majoritarian and Mixed Systems."
International Political Science Review 18(3): 297-312.
Norris, P. (2004) Electoral engineering. Voting rules and political behavior, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, Ch 2, 3.
Olsen, J. P. (2001). "Garbage Cans. New Institutionalism, and the Study of Politics." The American
Political Science Review 95(1): 191-198.
Panebianco, A. (1988). Political Parties: organization and power. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Peter A. Hall and Daniel W. Gingerich. 2009. "Varieties of Capitalisms and Institutional
Complementaries in the Political Economy". British Journal of Political Science 39(3): 449482.
Peter Hall and Rosemary Taylor. (1996) "Political Science and the Three New Institutionalism".
Political Studies 44: 936-957.
Peters, B. G., J. Pierre, et al. (2005). "The Politics of Path Dependency: Political Conflict in Historical
Institutionalism." The Journal of Politics 67(4): 1275-1300.
Potnis, D. D. (2010). "Measuring e-Governance as an innovation in the public sector." Government
Information Quarterly 27(1): 41-48.
Putnam, R. (2000) Bowling Alone. The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York:
R. Silcock (2001), What is e-government?, Parliamentary Affairs 54(1), 88-101.
Randall, V. and L. Svsand (2002). "Party Institutionalization in New Democracies." Party Politics
8(1): 5-29.
Rokkan, S. (1970). Citizens, Elections, Parties: Approaches to the Comparative Study of Political
Development. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
Sartori, G. (1976). Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis, Vol. I. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Schofield, N. (1993). "Political Competition and Multiparty Coalition Governments." European
Journal of Political Research 23(1): 1-33.
Skocpol, T. (1995). "Why I am an Historical Institutionalist." Polity 28(1): 103-106.
Stepan, A. and C. Skach (1993). "Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation:
Parliamentarism versus Presidentialism." World Politics 46(1): 1-22.
Ware, A. (1996) Political Parties and Party Systems, Oxford: Oxford University Press, Ch.5. 9
Y. Mny and Y. Surel. Houndmills, Palgrave. Hall, J.A. (1995) Civil Society: Theory, History,
Comparison. Cambridge: Polity Press.

DS 542

Policy Analysis and Evaluation

Course Objective:
Policy Analysis defined as the disciplined application of intellect to public problems encompasses
everything from reading a newspaper to careful scientific research. In practice, 'much of what
passes for professional policy analysis is called policy evaluation'. Governments conduct it, private
firms assumes a mistrey of certain qualitative and quantitative techniques and is aimed at the
improvement or betterment of public policies and programs. Its central questions are: Does this
program do what it is supposed to be doing? If not, why not? What should be done?
The abstract objective of the course is to help students to develop knowledge and comprehension of
the diversity of theoretical and practical approaches to policy analysis. The practical objective is to
be able to demonstrate the application of these ideas to a specific policy problem: we learn about
policy analysis by doing it. We take a broad view of policy in the School of Policy Studies. Not all
"policy" is state policy, and government sometimes does best by facilitating the work of others.
Policy analysis for us is the study of the sometimes-implicit choices a community makes about what
we collectively will do about problems we understand to be public, whether we do it ourselves
through our collective actions, or through the state and its agencies, or though forms of voluntary
association in the third sector. In using analysis to break public problems into their component
parts, we are interested in how issues come to be framed as public problems; and how we know
that some sorts of policy interventions are feasible or appropriate.
This course will provide participants with the context, important theory, and applicable tools for
the emerging field of policy evaluation. It is intended to build on the introductory and qualitative
methods courses to help students to apply approaches that may serve as a front end to broader
evaluations or stand alone as a systematic review of policies, policy instruments and/or programs
within a policy context. Selected case studies in the development, design, management and
implementation of policy and program evaluation. Benefit-cost analysis and its application to
public-sector investment, pricing policy, discount rates, marginal cost and shadow pricing, and the
handling of risk and uncertainty.
Course Contents:
Historical Roots of Public policy and Analysis (Trends in Policy Analysis)

Policy Analysis as Policy Science

Foundations of Public Policy Analysis

Public Policy The Players

Public Policy: Ideas

Policy Analysis and Globalization

Policy Analysis: Country Perspectives

Policy Evaluation and Evaluation Research

Formative Evaluation & Summative Evaluation (Ex Post)

Policy Evaluation Tools

Option 1: Harvard's Policy Analysis Exercise (PAE) - Students are encouraged to work on a
wide variety of projects in different policy fields. Some projects incorporate highly technical

or quantitative techniques; others use organizational or management analysis. All projects,

however, must be focused on an actual policy decision or problem. Background or library
research is not an adequate project in itself. The topic must be limited enough in scope to be
completed during the time frame, yet broad enough to be intellectually challenging for the
students.
Option II: Hands on Experience of Program Evaluation - Students are advised to contact
national, International NGOs, and Donors with a view to gaining hands on experience on
different approaches and framework of evaluation. We hope this would help the students
for their future placement in these organizations.
o Introduction to Evaluation
o Evaluation Terms of Reference (TOR)
o Evaluation Models or Styles
o Underlying Principles of "Logic Modelling"
o Illustration of Results Based Program Logic Model
o Evaluation Design and Methods
o Quantitative Research Methods
o Qualitative Research Methods and Mixed Research Method
o Evaluation Matrix
Selected Readings:
David P Dolowitz and David Marsh (2000), "Learning from Abroad: The Role of Policy Transfer in
Contemporary Policy Making", Governance, Vol.13, No.1.
Fischer F (1995) Evaluation Public Policy, Nelson Hall Publishers, Chicago.
Gary Brewer ab Peter Deleon (1983), The Foundation of Policy Analysis, Dorsey Press, Homewoo, III.
Hajer M A & Wageraar H (2003), Deliberative Policy Analysis. Cambrige University Press, Cambrige,
UK.
J. Boulmetis, & P. Dutwin , (2005), The ABCs of Evaluation, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Laslie A Pal (2011), "Assessing Incrementalism: Formative Assumptions, Contemporary Realities",
Policy and Society, Vol.30, No.1.
M.J. Bamberger, J. Rugh, & L. Mabry, (2006) Real World Evaluation. Working Under Budget, Time,
Data, and Political Constraints, Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications,
Michael Moran, Martin Rein, and Robert Goodin. eds.(2006) The Oxford Handbook of Public Policy,
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Pearsons, W (1995) Public Policy, Cheltenham, UK.
Rossie P, Freeman and Lipsey (1999), Evaluation Sage Publication, Thousands Oaks.
Sabatier P A (2007), Theories of the Public Policy Proces, Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
Stokey, E and Zechauser R (1978), A Priemer for Policy Analysis, W W Norton & Company, New York.
Weimer D and Vining A (2005), Policy Analysis: Concepts and Practices, Prentice Hall, Upper Sadle
River.
William Dunn (2004), Public Policy Analysis: An Introduction, Pearson Prentice, Upper Sale River.
Yehezkel Dror (1971), Design for the Policy Sciences, Elsevier, New York.

DS 543

Public Policy Making in Bangladesh

Course Objective:
The main purpose of the course is to bridge the gap between theory and practice through analyzing
and explaining Bangladesh case. The students are expected to acquire knowledge on different
phases of public policy cycle in Bangladesh. The students will be provided with number of cases
from various sector so that they can understand and explain the policy making process and the
policy outcome.
Course Contents:
Introduction: Revisiting main concepts and theories of public policy process, stages of
public policy process, actors, networks and institutions

Institutional framework of public actions in Bangladesh: Context and content of the

constitution of the republic, Laws, regulations, procedures and norms that shape behavior
of the Government of Bangladesh

The role of legislature in the policy making process: The role of parliament in the policy
process: structure, functions of Jatiyo Shangsad, the functions of Parliamentary Standing
Committees in public policy process, structure and functions of the parliamentary
secretariat, relation between the legislature and the executive in Bangladesh

The role of political parties in public policy making: Historical courses of the
development of political parties in Bangladesh; Ideology, structure, functions and features
of major political parties in Bangladesh; the political parties and their role in public policy
making: some cases of National Health Policy, Gender Policy

The role of bureaucratic elites in public policy making: The structure of the
bureaucracy in Bangladesh, The relationship between the ministries and the parliament,

Interest groups and public policy making in Bangladesh: Students organizations, FBCCI,
BGMEA, Labor Unions, Professional Associations like BMA, DUTA and their role in public
policy process

Media and Public policy in Bangladesh: The role of electronic and print media in public
policy process in Bangladesh

NGOs, Civil Society and Public Policy Making in Bangladesh: Historical development of
civil society in Bangladesh, types of NGOs and their functions in relation to public policy

Donors and Public Policy Making in Bangladesh: Donors influence in Bangladesh

Major public Institutions and public policy in Bangladesh: Planning Commission,

Bangladesh Bank, ECNEC, NEC

Some Case Studies: National Health Policy, National Education Policy, National Climate
Change Strategy, Sixth Five Year Plan, PRSP formulation process

Project Formulation Process in Bangladesh

Problems and challenges in public policy formulation process in Bangladesh:

Economic, Social, Political and Institutional

Public Policy Impact Evaluation: Methods and techniques of policy evaluation: Economic
Analysis, SIA, Stakeholders Analysis, Cost-benefit Analysis,

Suggested Readings:
Jahan, Rownaq. 2002. Bangladesh: Promise and Performance. Dhaka: University Press Limited
Osman, Ferdous Arfina. 2005. Implementation Constrained by a Lack of Policy Ownership: Evidence
from Bangladesh, The Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 27, No. 1,
Panday, Pranab. 2001.The Role of Bureaucratic Elite in the Policy Making Process in Bangladesh.,
Socialist Perspective, A Quarterly Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 29, No. 1-2, September,
2001, India.
Aminuzzaman, S.M. 2010. "Environment Policy of Bangladesh: A Case Study of an Ambitious Policy
with Implementation Snag" Paper presented to South Asia Climate Change Forum, organized
by Monash Sustainability Institute, Monash University, Australia, 5 - 9 July, 2010.
Aminuzzaman, Salahuddin (2002). Public Policy Making in Bangladesh: An Overview, Public Money
and Management, Vol.2, June 2002
Chadha, Skylerk C. 1994. Managing Projects in Bangladesh. Dhaka: UPL
Dijkstra, A. Geske. 2002. The Effectiveness of Policy Conditionality: Eight Country Experiences.
Development and Change, 33(2), 307-334.
Islam, Kazi Maruful. 2010. Patriarchy and Public Policy: An Analysis of the National Population
Policy of Bangladesh. Dhaka University Journal of Development Studies. Vol 1, No. 1. Dhaka:
University of Dhaka:
Osman, F.A. 2004. A study of the Health Policy Process: Policy Making in Bangladesh. A H
Development Publishing House.
Program Development Office for Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan (PDO-ICZMP). 2003.
Status of Implementation of Selected National Policies. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Chowdhury, D.K.
The Government of Bangladesh. 2006. Constitution of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh.
DS 551

Social Development: Theories and Approaches

Course Objective:
The aim of this course is to provide theoretical and conceptual grounding in contemporary issues
relating to social development policy and practice. The course will also build understanding on key
themes in social development policy and practice with a view to explore sectoral issues and
substantive themes in contemporary social development, in a variety of contexts.
Course Contents:
Paradigm or sector: Defining social development

Comparative Society

Social and Cultural Change

Comparative Social Security Approach

Comparative Gender Systems

Human Ecological Relationships

Social risk, social capital and social security

Social development and markets

Equity and social exclusion

Social development and poverty alleviation

NGOs and civil society in Social Development

The social development policy process

Suggested Readings:
Booth David (ed.). 1994 Rethinking Social Development: Theory, Research and Practice. Harlow:
Longman Scientific and Technical.
D.Ghai 1997 Social development and public policy. Some lessons from successful experiences.
UNRISD Discussion Paper 89, Geneva.
Midgely, James. 1997 Social Welfare in a Global Context. Thousand Oaks, Calif., London: Sage.
DS 552

Social Inclusion

Course Objective:
Social inclusion, the process of ensuring meaningful access and equity for all the members of the
society, is seen as one of the most challenging goals in the developmental field. The multilateral
agencies, international organizations, donors and NGOs use a mixture of tools having different
theoretical rationales and accommodating those with local context to achieve social inclusion in
developing as well as developed countries. Action learning is also a popular strategy to ensure
social inclusion in developing countries. This course is designed to provide an overview of the
issues Gender, Disability, Participation and Community Mobilization, Advocacy, Human Rights
related to social inclusion by providing theoretical knowledge as well as practical examples. The
aim of the course is to equip the students so that they can address the issues and increase the
ability of their projects and co-workers to challenge exclusion.
Course Contents:
Gender
Introduction

Constructing Gender: Sexualities, Postmodernism/Discourse Theory; Colonialism

and Kinship
o Basic Gender Concepts and Terminology
Gender Analysis

o Identifying Gender Issues with Facts and Figures

o Gender, Culture and religion
o Gender Mainstreaming (in Agriculture, health, Education etc.)
o Theoretical perspectives in Gender and Development: from WID to GAD
o The concept of Gender Analysis and Project Management
Gender Framework

o Gender Responsive Planning

o Gender Responsive Policy-making
o Action learning
Managing Gender

o
o

Examples of good practice

Group work by students

Disability
Introduction

o Definitions, facts and figures

o Constructs of common disabilities
o Disability and poverty
Principles and practice of Disability-inclusive Development

Issues related to equity, access, advocacy and prevention

Issues related to services and care
Orientation to disability professions and their economic security
Skills important for working with major impairment groups
Mainstreaming disability in poverty reduction strategies
Overview of current activities carried by public organization, development agencies
and NGOs for disable peoples in Bangladesh
Disability and Human Rights

o Policies and declarations: Bangladesh and World

o Social responsibility: Human and Corporate
Managing Disability

o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o

Examples of good practice

Incorporating disability in planning and managing projects
Group work by students

Participation and Community Mobilization

Introduction

o Basis for Community-based Development Approaches

o Strengths and weakness
Problem Analysis

o Needs assessment
o Tools: Participatory Methods, Stakeholder Analysis
o Cross-cutting issues: Culture, perception and power dynamics
o Involving Communities in need analysis
Designing the Project

o Participative methods for formulating solutions and planning projects

o Project Design process and relevant tools
Social Mobilization

o Steps of Social Mobilization

o Stakeholders
o Planning the mobilization and Implementation techniques
Managing Participation
o
o
o

Advocacy

Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation tools

Examples of good practice
Group work by students

Introduction

o Concept and definition

o The policy-making context
Advocacy Tools

o Research
o Communication
o Coalition building
o Joint Monitoring and Evaluation
o Supporting Organizational capacity building
Practical advocacy strategy development

o Understanding public-policy making

o Case studies
o Group work by students
Human Rights
Introduction

o Foundations of Human Rights

o The Rights to Development and Social Justice
Approach to Development

o Capabilities
o Human development (Health, Nutrition, Education etc.)
o Resources
o Participation and Empowerment
Suggested Readings:
Gender:
Elson D. (1997), Integrating gender issues into public expenditure: six tools, mimeo, GENECON Unit,
Graduate School of Sciences, University of Manchester
Elson D. & Evers B. (1998), Sector programme support: A Gender Aware Analysis, mimeo,
GENECON, Manchester University
Momsen, J. H. (2004) Gender and Development. London: Routledge
Miller C. & Razavi S. (1998), Gender analysis: alternative paradigms, Gender in Development
Monograph Series, No.6, UNDP, New York
Overholt C., Cloud K., Anderson M., and Austin J. (1991), Gender Analysis Framework in Overholt
et al, 1991, Gender Analysis in Development Planning: A Case Book, Kumarian Press,
Connecticut
Reeves H. & Baden S. (2000), Gender and Development: Concepts and Definitions. Institute of
Development Studies, University of Sussex prepared for DFID
UNDP (2005), Gender Responsive Budgeting: Manual for Trainers. Bratislava: UNDP
Disability:
Braithwaite J. & Mont D. (2008), Disability and Poverty: A Survey of World Bang Poverty
Assessments and Implications, The World Bank

CSID (2005), Situational Analysis and Assessment of Education for Children with Disabilities in
Bangladesh, South Asia, East Asia and South Africa.
Inclusion International n.d. Disability, Development and Inclusion in International Development
Cooperation: A Scan of Disability-Related Policies and Research at Selected Multilateral and
Bilateral Institutions.
GTZ (2006), Disability and Development: A contribution to promoting the interests of persons with
disabilities in German Development Cooperation - Policy Paper. Berlin: GTZ
JICA (2002), Country Profile on Disability: Peoples Republic of Bangladesh.
Mont D. (2007), Measuring Disability Prevalence, Social Protection Discussion Paper, World Bank
World Bank (2007), People with Disabilities in India: From commitments to outcome. Human
Development Unit, South Asia Region, World Bank.
Participation and Community Mobilization:
Bobo K A., Max S. & Kendall J. A. (1996), Organizing for Social Change: A Manual for Activists in the
1990s. Comprehensive manual for grassroots organizers. Seven Locks Press, second edition.
CDC n. d. Community Mobilization Guide: A community-based effort to eliminate syphilis in the
United States. Department of Health and Human Services: Centres for disease control and
prevention
Jenkins, H. et al. (2006), Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for
the 21st Century. An occasional paper on digital media and learning, Macarthur Foundation.
Mattessich P. & Monsey B. (1997), Community building: What makes it work - A review of factors
influencing successful community building. Amherst H. Wilder Foundation
O'Donnell S. & Schumer E. (1996), Community Building & Community Organizing: Issues in
Creating Effective Models. Pact Tanzania (2006), Community Mobilisation Manual.
Advocacy:
ASCD n.d. Advocacy guide. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, USA. Access at:
http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/newsandissues/ascdadvocacyguide.pdf
AED (2004), How to Communicate with the Local Media: A guide for Non-governmental
Organizations
and
Citizens
Initiative.
Access
at
http://www.aedccsg.org/resources/reports/localmedia.pdf
Sprechmann S. & Pelton E. (2001), Advocacy Tools and Guideline: Promoting Policy Change. CARE A
resource manual for CARE Program Managers.
Human Rights:
Action Aid (2008), Human rights-based approaches to poverty eradication and development.
Fukuda-Parr, Sakiko (2003), The Human Development Paradigm: Operationalizing Sens Ideas on
Capabilities, Feminist Economics, 9(2-3):301-317
UNDP n.d. The Application of a Human Rights-based Approach to Development Programming: What
is the Added Value?
UNESCO (2007), A Human Rights-Based Approach to EDUCATION FOR ALL: A framework for the
realization of childrens right to education and rights within education.

DS 553

International Migration and Development

Course Objective:
Migration is a fundamental feature in our life. It is diversified, has different dimensions and
progressed in an unparallel manner following the development of human civilization. In todays
world transnational migration has become a common phenomenon. At present people migrate to
foreign countries and try to settle down there in the host society, but at the same time do not forget
to maintain transnational liaisons to their country of origin. To fulfill liabilities to their kith and kin
and also being motivated by the long-distance nationalism, they maintain cross-border networks.
In other words, international migrants maintain transnational networks because of their relational
and structural embeddedness to their family, community, society and above all to their home
country. And this is how being multi-dimensionally embedded into the origin and host countries
socio-cultural, economic, political, institutional, geographical surroundings and everyday realities,
these migrants send remittance to their home country and take part in the development initiatives
thereafter. Consequently, this course aims to critically review the complex relationships between
international migration and development and the consequences thereafter.
As a matter of fact, the remittance transfer of migrants represents one of their transnational
activities, while the utilization of manifold channels in transferring money across the state-borders
indicates the existence of transnational networks between the origin and receiving societies. The
question for this course is, if the respective authorities of the individual countries develop
regulatory frameworks targeting to assist migrants in their remittance transfer, why and how do
the immigrants bypass these public channels and develop alternative networks. The questions that
we need to explore are whether the use of authorized and unauthorized sources of remittance
transfer reflects their class, status, religious or gender identity and whether these factors also
regulate the flow of migrants, goods and information. In the same way, we need to find out if the
channelling of economic remittance incorporates other forms of remittance like information,
ideas as well as knowledge between the transnational spaces of the home and receiving countries.
Consequently, after studying this course the students will not ask whether people will choose
migration as a probable livelihood strategy. Instead how they survive and develop different
strategies in a foreign country to mitigate their aims for higher socio-economic and cultural
mobility are the issues that need to be investigated. Students need to know moreover, why the
current migrants engage themselves in diverse forms of transnational activities and whether these
transnational activities only represent the co-ethnic networks of the migrants (something we notice
in the case of the Mexican and Chinese Diaspora). In this regard, ranging from Greek diaspora to the
Bangladeshi one, students will review some selected cases focusing on the diaspora coping
strategies.
Course Contents:

Conceptual Issues: To know the classical and recent debates on the concept of
globalization, migration, feminization of migration, transnational networking, long-distance
nationalism, assimilation, integration and diaspora and its theories, methodologies,
typologies (internal, international, circular, return migration, environmental, forced
migration, displacement, refugee, asylum seekers etc.) and the research works.

Migration History and significance: Pattern of migration over human history, including
modern times, how and why is migration important today and for whom, in what way

people migrate today and how it is different from the previous ways of migration.
Migration and the state: What role can and does the nation-state play in encouraging or
discouraging immigration, out-migration, and internal movement? What are some of the
unintended consequences of migration policy? What policies could influence migrant
assimilation, adaptation, and acculturation?

Politics and Policy: To identify and critically reflect upon issues and the politics of
migration and development: causes, interrelationships, and possible policy interventions.

Migration and livelihood: To know whether migration plays any role for the upward
mobility of the households, positive and negative outcomes, migration and poverty, social
networks and pattern of entrepreneurship, diversification of household coping strategies.

Principles of migration: What are the basic principles of international migration and
whether it has different versions in terms of internal, environmental or forced migration.

Migration and development: To check out the two-way relationship between

international migration and development and to formulate advanced research questions
regarding migration and development. To know the role of remittance in the social and
national development and its different forms along with the contribution of remittance for
the formation of human capital.

Embeddedness: To find out the realities like relational, structural, institutional etc. in
which migrants are embedded in and develop strategies to cope and survive with. And to
verify the roles, modes and regulators of transnational networking for diaspora adaptation
and its consequences.

Examples: To review some classical diasporas from an enormous body of instances.

Reading Materials:
Akesson, Lisa. 2004. Making a Life. Meanings of Migration in Cape Verde. Ph.D. dissertation.
Goteborg: Department of Social Anthropology, Goteborg University.
Appadurai, Arjun. 1990. Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Culture Economy. In Global
Culture. Nationalism, Globalization and Modernity. A Theory, Culture & Society Special Issue,
edited by Mike Featherstone. London. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity at Large. Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. London:
University of Minnesota Press.
Boyd, Monica. 1989. Family and personal networks in international migration: Recent
developments and New agendas. International Migration Review, Volume 23, No. 3, 638-670.
Castles, Stephen and Mark J. Miller. 1993. The Age of Migration. International Population Movements
in the Modern World. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire and London: The Macmillan
Press Ltd.
Castles, Stephen. 1998. New Migrations, Ethnicity and Nationalism in Southeast and East Asia.
Paper presented at the seminar: Transnational Communities Programme Seminar, School of
Geography, Oxford University, 12th June 1998.
Clifford, James. 1994. Diasporas. Cultural Anthropology, Volume 9, 302-38.

Cohen, Robin. 1997. Global Diasporas: An Introduction. London: UCL Press.

Dannecker, Petra. 2003. The Meaning and the Rationalities underlying Labor Migration from
Bangladesh to Malaysia. Working Paper. IKMAS, Malaysia.
Dannecker, Petra. 2005. Bangladeshi Migrant Workers in Malaysia: The Construction of Others in
a Multi-ethnic Context. Asian Journal of Social Science, Volume 33, No. 2, 246.267.
Dannecker, Petra. 2005. Transnational Migration and the Transformation of Gender Relations: The
Case of Bangladeshi Labour Migrants. Current Sociology, Volume 53, No. 4, 655- 674.
Gardner, Katy. 1995. Global Migrants, Local Lives. Clarendon Press: Oxford.
Gardner, Katy and Zahir Ahmed. 2006. Place, Social Protection and Migration in Bangladesh: A
Londoni Village in Biswanath. Sussex Working Paper. T 18.
Glick Schiller, Nina, Linda Basch, and Cristina Blanc-Szanton (Eds). 1992. Towards a Transnational
Perspective on Migration. Race, Class, Ethnicity and Nationalism Reconsidered. The New York
Academy of Sciences.
Glick Schiller, Nina and Georges Eugene Fouran. 2001. Long-Distance Nationalism and the Search for
Home. Georges Woke up Laughing. Durham. London: Duke University Press.
Grillo, R., B. Riccio & R. Salih. 2000. Here or there? Contrasting Experiences of transnationalism.
Moroccan and Senegalese in Italy. Falmer-Brighton: CDE Working papers. University of
Sussex.
Grillo, R.D. 2001. Transnational Migration and Multiculturalism in Europe. Economic and Social
Research Council. Working Paper Series WPTC-01-08. http://www.transcomm.ox.ac.uk/ ,
retrieved on April 22, 2007
Guarnizo, Luis Eduardo and Michael Peter Smith. 1998. The Locations of Transnationalism. In
Transnationalism From Below. Comparative Urban and Community Research, edited by Luis
Eduardo Guarnizo and Michael Peter Smith. U.S.A. U.K.: Transaction Publishers.
Gurowitz, Amy. 2000. Migrants Rights and Activism in Malaysia: Opportunities and Constraints. The
Journal of Asian Studies, Volume 59, No.4, 863-888.
Hall, Stuart. 1990. Cultural Identity and Diaspora. In Identity: Community, Culture, Difference, edited
by J. Rutherford. London: Lawrence and Wishart.
Hannerz, Ulf. 1996. Transnational Connections. London. New York: Routledge.
Hannerz, Ulf. 2000. Flows, Boundaries, Hybrids. Keywords in Transnational Anthropology. Oxford
Working Paper, WPTC-2K-02. www.transcomm.ox.ac.uk/ working_papers.htm.
Jackson, Peter, Philip Crang and Claire (Eds). 2004. Transnational Spaces. London: Routledge.
Jones, Sidney. 2000. Making Money off Migrants. The Indonesian Exodus to Malaysia. Centre for Asia
Pacific Social Transformation Studies. University of Wollongong.
Jordon, Bill and Franck Duvell. 2002. Irregular Migration. The Dilemmas of Transnational Mobility.
Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing limited.
Kloosterman, Robert, Joanne van der Leun and Jan Rath. 1999. Mixed Embeddedness: (In) formal
Economic Activities and Immigrant Businesses in the Netherlands. International Journal of
Urban and Regional Research, Volume 23, No. 2, 253-267.
Kloosterman, Robert and Jan Rath. 2001. Immigrant entrepreneurs in advanced economies: mixed
embeddedness further explored. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Volume 27, No.2,
189-201.

Levitt, Peggy. 1996. Social Remittances: A Conceptual Tool for Understanding Migration and
Development. Working paper series No. 96.04. Harvard University.
Massey, Douglas S., Rafael Alarcon, Jorge Durand and Humberto Gonzalez. 1987. Return to Aztlan.
The Social Process of International Migration from Western Mexico. Berkeley. Los Angeles.
London: University of California Press.
Pieterse, Jan Nederveen. 1994. Globalization as Hybridisation. International Sociology, Volume 9,
No. 2, 16-184.
Piore, Michael J. 1979. Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Society. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
Portes, Alejandro. 1995. Economic Sociology and the Sociology of Immigration: A Conceptual
Overview. In The Economic Sociology of Immigration. Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and
Entrepreneurship, edited by Alejandro Portes. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Portes, Alejandro. 1997. Globalization from Below: The Rise of Transnational Communities.
Princeton University Working paper WPTC-98-01.
Ramachandran, S. 1994. Indian Plantation Labour in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: S. Abdul Majid & Co.
Sassen, Saskia. 1995. Immigration and Local Labour Markets. In The Economic Sociology of
Immigration. Essays on Networks, Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship, edited by Alejandro
Portes. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Sassen, Saskia. 1988. The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International Investment and
Labor Flow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Siddiqui, Tasneem. 2001. Transcending Boundaries. Labour Migration of Women from Bangladesh.
Bangladesh: The University Press Limited.
Siddiqui, Tasneem. 2005. International Migration as a Livelihood Strategy of the Poor. In Migration
and Development. Pro-Poor Policy Choices, edited by Tasneem Siddiqui. Bangladesh: The
University Press Limited.
Siddiqui, Tasneem. 2006. International Labour Migration from Bangladesh: A decent work
perspective. Working Paper no 66. ILO.
Stark, Oded. 1991. The Migration of Labour. Cambridge: Blackwell.
Sultana, Nayeem. 2008. The Bangladeshi Diaspora in Malaysia. Organizational Structure, Survival
Strategies and Networks, ZEF Development Studies. LIT: Berlin.
DS 561

Environmental Economics

Course Objective:

This course provides an appreciation of the insights about economic activities and choices
that altering the natural environment, and the physical and biological limitations imposed
on the economy by the natural environment. The course covers the economic theory of
externalities and pollution control; the choice of instruments for pollution control
including the relative merits of policies based on "command-and-control" and "market
mechanisms"; the major methods used to value environmental goods with their strengths
and limitations; and the current environmental policy issues related to environmental
economics.

Course Contents
Visions of the Future: Introduction, the self-extinction premise, Environmental and
Natural Resource Economics, thinking about the future, the Basic Pessimist Model, the Basic
Optimist Model.

The Economics Perspective: Introduction, the Human Environment Relationship, the

environment as an asset, valuing the asset, distinguishing good outcomes from bad, static
efficiency, dynamic efficiency, sustainability.

Rights, Rents, and Remedies: Introduction, property rights, property rights and
environment, efficient property-right structure, Externalities as a source of market failure,
improperly designed property rights systems, common property resources, public goods,
imperfect market structure, divergence of social and private discount rates, government
failure, and an efficient role for government.

Valuing the Environment: Introduction, Benefit-Cost analysis, the Decision rules,

measuring benefits, use values, non-use values, approaches to cost estimation, the
treatment of risk, choosing the discount rate, a critical appraisal, Cost-Effectiveness
analysis, Impact analysis.

Environmental Economics: An Overview: Introduction, pollutant taxonomy, defining the

efficient allocation of pollution, efficient policy responses, cost effective policies for
emission reduction, defining a cost effective allocation, cost effective pollution control
policies, emission standards, emission charges, transferable emission permits, and other
policy dimensions.

Development, Poverty, and Environment: Introduction, the Growth Process, nature of the
process, potential sources of reduced growth, Environmental Policy, Energy, Outlook for
Near Future, Population Impacts, the Information Economy, the Growth-Development
Relationship, conventional measures, alternative measures, Growth and Poverty, the
industrialized nations, the effects on income inequality, the effects on poverty, Poverty in
Less-industrialized Nations, the appropriateness of Traditional Model, Barriers to
Development.

The Quest for Sustainable Development: Introduction, Defining sustainable development,

Sustainability and Development, Market Allocations, Efficiency and Sustainability,
agriculture and energy, waste reduction, Managing the transition, Prospects for
international cooperation, Restructuring incentives, Forced transition, defining the target,
Institutional Structure, Administration, Biodiversity and sustainability, Culture and
sustainability, Environmental politics.

Suggested Readings:
Turner, Kerry. R. (Ed.) 1993, Sustainable Environmental Economics and Management Principles
and Practice, Belhaven Press, London & New York.
Tietenburg, Tom. 2003, Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, Addison Wesley, Boston.
Markandya, Anil & Richardson, Julie. (Ed.) 1992, Environmental Economics, Earthscan, London.
Dryzek, John. S. & Schlosberg, David. (Ed.) 1999, Debating the Earth The Environmental Politics
Reader, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Sankar, Ulagnathan. (Ed.) 2001, Environmental Economics, Oxford India .

Zografos, Christos & Howarth, Richard, B. 2008, Deliberative Ecological Economics, Oxford
University Press, Delhi.
Kolstad, Charles, D. 2004, Environmental Economics, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Ravaioli, Carla, 1995, Economists and the Environment What the top economists say about the
Environment, Zed Books, London.
Bhattacharya, Rbindra, N. (Ed.) 2001, Environmental Economics An Indian Perspective, Oxford
University Press, Delhi.
Gadgil, Madhab & Guha, Ramchandra. (Ed.) 1995, Ecology and Equity, Penguin Books India.
Rifkin, Jeremy. 1981, Entropy A New World View, Bantam Books, New York.
Kiessling, K. Lindahl & Landberg, Hans (Ed.) 1997, Population Economic Development and the
Environment, Oxford University Press (Clarendon Paperbacks), Oxford.
Dasgupta, Partha, 1982, The Control of Resources, Oxford University Press, Delhi.

DS 562

Sustainable Development: Process and Practice

Course Objective:
Although there is a broad agreement as regards the need and significance of sustainable
development, it still remains one of the most elusive goals of development, and ensuring
sustainable development poses a formidable challenge for development program managers. In this
broader context, this course is primarily aimed at introducing the students to the key concepts,
debates, approaches, tools and strategies relating to the analyses and dynamics of program
management as a means of achieving sustainable development. The focus is on bridging theoretical
discourses with practical examples and learning. At the end of the course, the students are expected
to develop a broad based understating of the key contexts, tools, and issues surrounding such topics
as project/program management, sustainable development, development ethics, monitoring and
evaluation, and natural resources management.
Course Contents:
Sustainable Development as a Paradigm

Development Ethics

Projects and Project/Program Management

Monitoring and Evaluation of Development Projects

Selected Tools and Methods of Project Design and M&E including:

o

Logical Framework

SWOT analysis

Stakeholder Analysis

Social Impact Assessment

Program Management in the Context of Vulnerability and Marginalization: Participatory

Vulnerability Assessment

Management of Natural Resources, and Monitoring and Evaluation of NRM Projects

Application of Geo-information Science in the Management of Natural Resources

Suggested Readings:

Anna-Camilla Moonen, Paolo Ba`rberi 2008. Functional biodiversity: An agroecosystem approach.

Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 127 (2008) 721
Barry Dalal-Clayton. 1993. Modified EIA & Indicators of Sustainability: First Steps towards
Sustainability Analysis. Environmental Planning Issues No.1 International Institute for
Environment and Development. Environmental Planning Group. IISD.
Belli P., Anderson J.R., Barnum H.N., Dixon J.A., and Tan J. 2001. Economic Analysis of Investment
Operations, The World Bank, Washington.
Booth W., Ebrahim R. and Morin R. 1998. Participatory Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting, Pact,
South Africa.
Casley D.J. and Lury D.A. 1982. Monitoring and Evaluation of Agriculture and Rural Development
Projects, The Johns Hopkins University Press for the World Bank, Baltimore and London.
Chada S. 1989. Managing Projects in Bangladesh, University Press Limited, Dhaka.
Choudhury S. 1993. Project Management, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to
the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, M.L.
Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden and C.E. Hanson, (eds.). Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2007
Curry S. and Weiss J. 2000. Project Analysis in Developing Countries, Macmillan Press Ltd., London.
D'Arcy Davis Case. 1990. The community's toolbox: The idea, methods and tools for participatory
assessment, monitoring and evaluation in community forestry. Community Forestry Field
Manuals, FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, Thailand.
Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5307e/x5307e00.htm
EC 2002. Project Cycle Management Handbook, European Commission, EuropeAid Cooperation
Office.
Elliott J.A. An Introduction to Sustainable Development, Routledge, London and New York, 1994.
Environmental Modelling with GIS and Remote Sensing, Andrew Skidmore (ed.), Taylor & Francis.
Firoz, R. 2008. Participatory Vulnerability Assessment: Study on 21 unions of Noakhali District.
IUCN Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, x+208 pp.
Fundamentals of Geographical Information System, PLN Raju.
Gasper, D. and Truong, T-D. (2008). Development Ethics Through the Lenses of Caring, Gender, And
Human Security. Working Paper No. 459. Institute of Social Studies.
GIS technology and spatial analysis in coastal zone management: Kurt Fedra and Enrico Feoli.
GIS as a Tool in Participatory Natural Resource Management: Coen Bussink
GIS Technology in Natural Resource Management: Process as a Tool of Change: Sally Duncan,
Denise Lach.
Gittinger J.P. 1977. Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects, The Johns Hopkins University Press
for the World Bank, Baltimore and London.
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh. 2007. A Facilitators Guidebook for Community
Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction Plan, CDMP, Ministry of Food and Disaster
Management, Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Food and Disaster
Management.
Gosling L. and Edwards M. 1995. Toolkits: A Practical Guide to Assessment, Monitoring, Review and
Evaluation, Save the Children, London.

Goulet, D. (2006). Development Ethics at Work: Exploration -1960-2002. Routledge: New York
Hinton, J. C., GIS and remote sensing integration for environmental applications, International
Journal of Geographical Information Science. Volume 10, Issue 7, 1996, Pages 877 890.
ILO n.d. Project Preparation Implementation Monitoring, Evaluation: Users Hand Book, International
Labour Organization, Dhaka.
ILO n.d. Project Preparation Implementation Monitoring, Evaluation: Users Hand Book, International
Labour Organization, Dhaka.
K.K.M. Nambiar, A.P. Gupta, Qinglin Fuc, S. Lic. 200. Biophysical, chemical and socio-economic
indicators for assessing agricultural sustainability in the Chinese coastal zone. Agriculture,
Ecosystems and Environment 87 (2001) 209214
Living in the Coast: People and Livelihoods, PDO-ICZMP, Water Resources Planning Organization,
Ministry of Water Resources, March 2004
Moving Coastlines: Emergence and use of land in Ganges Brahmaputra Meghna Estuary, University
Press Limited, 2010
National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), Ministry of Environment and Forest,
Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh, November 2009
Odame H.H. 2000. Engendering the Logical Framework. Conference Proceedings: Gender and
Agriculture in Africa: Effective Strategies for Moving Forward in presented in conference
Nairobi, Kenya May 3-5, 2000.
Participatory Vulnerability Analysis, A Step-by-Step Guide for Field Staff, Action Aid Bangladesh,
March 2005 (Bengali)
Peter Duelli & Martin K. Obrist 2003. Biodiversity indicators: the choice of values and measures.
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 98 (2003) 8798.
Rahman A. (ed.) Environment and Development in Bangladesh, University Press Limited, Dhaka,
1994.
Rahman A. (ed.) Environment and Poverty: Key linkages for Global Sustainable Development, The
University Press Limited, Dhaka, 1998.
Rahman A. Beel Dakatia: The Environmental Consequences of a Development Disaster, The University
Press Limited, Dhaka, 1995.
Rahman A., Ali M.A. and Chowdhury F. (eds.) Peoples Report on the Bangladesh Environment,
Unnayan Shamannay and The University Press Limited, Dhaka, 2001.
Remote Sensing and GIS - Water Management: P.S. Roy and V.V. Rao
Remote Sensing and Gis Applications For Monitoring Multi- Temporal Changes of Natural
Resources in Bursa-Turkey: M.Sabri DRM*, Erturul AKSOY, Gkhan ZSOY.
Ritchie, B., McDougall, C., Haggith, M., de Oliveira, N. B. 2000. Criteria and Indicators of
Sustainability in Community Managed Forest Landscape: An Introductory Guide. Center for
International Forestry Research. Bogor, Indonesia.
Role of GIS and Remote Sensing in the Sustainable Development of Mauritius: C.P. Johnson, B.
Deshmukh and M. Kale.
SEHD. (eds.) Bangladesh Environment: Facing the 21st Century, Society for Environment and Human
Development, Dhaka, 2002.
Sen, A. (1999). Development As Freedom. Anchor Books: New York.

SIDA 1996. Manual on Self-Evaluation Parts 1 and 2, Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation, Switzerland.
The role of spatial information in natural resource management: James Osundwa.
The use of Logframe analysis for information-specific development projects. Dr G E Gorman. 67th
IFLA Council and General Conference. August 16-25, 2001UNDP 1997. Results-oriented
Monitoring and Evaluation, UNDP, New York.
United Nations Regional Workshop on the use of Space Technology for Disaster Management for
Africa.
Use of remote sensing and GIS for sustainable land management: Andrew K Skidmore, Wietske
Bijker, Karin Schmidt and Lalit Kumar
World Bank and BCAS. Bangladesh 2020: A Long term Perspective Study, The World Bank and
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Study, Dhaka, 1998.
World Bank 2004. Monitoring and Evaluation: Some Tools, Methods and Approaches, The World
Bank, Washington.
DS 563

Natural Resource Management

Course Objective:
This course builds understanding on development with the lens of conservation and discusses
development strategies under different climate change scenario. The course also emphasizes on the
existing and future human-nature inter-relationship and interdependence.
Course Contents:
Part A: Theoretical Interpretation

Understanding Environment and Natural Resources: Our natural resources and

boundary, renewable and nonrenewable resources, interaction among major environmental
components, different cycles (atmosphere, biosphere and biospheres), other cycles (C-cycle,
N-cycle, O-Cycle), earth: materials, process and landscapes.

Natural Resources Management: Right based management (state, private, common, nonproperty); Community based management, Biodiversity management, management
including sustainability principles (reliance on solar energy, biodiversity, nutrient cycling,
natural population control), problems of natural resources management in terms of
different conditions in Bangladesh.

Co-Management: Philosophy and Practice

External Policy and Institutional Regime in Bangladesh: Contribution and responsibility

of natural resources management authorities in Bangladesh: Ministry of Forestry, ministry
of food, UNDP, UNICEF, FAO, WFP, IUCN, CNRS, NECOM, CEGIS and others.

The discourse on Climate Change and the associated Response: Definition of discourse
in terms of climate change and natural resources, Comprehensive Disaster Management
Program(CDMP) in Bangladesh using natural resources management.

Part B: Core Case studies based on research initiatives for natural resources management

Water: Major river systems and impact in Bangladesh (the Tista, Ganges and Buriganga),
how the management practises are influencing the livelihood of people in Bangladesh,

combining management theories to current scenarios and others. (What can dam make
problem to the river flow and siltation to the rivers? Harvesting and storing water (also
water borne natural products: fish and others) during monsoon and utilize them during
spring etc).

Energy: Current energy situation in Bangladesh (renewable & non-renewable, exportimport), per capita energy consumption, system analysis (identifying major system losses
and improvements), geology and non-renewable minerals in Bangladesh (usage,
consumption impact and sustaining probabilities)

Waste & Pollution: Different types of waste in Dhaka city area (industrial, households, ewaste and medical waste) and major impact, assessment through LCA, eco-friendly
management (waste recycling and bio-fertilizer and paste management), air-water
pollution and clean development mechanism with green concept,

Forest and biodiversity: Chittagong Hill-Tracts, the Sundarban, Sylhet: current conditions,
ecological services and harvest system, system losses, what can be done to improve
(ecosystem based management, preservation& restoration, keeping vigorous biodiversity
and natural capital)

Part C: Tools to learn

LCA-Life Cycle Analysis for waste & pollution

PEBOSCA Analysis (for ECO-CITY development and management) by UNEP-UN Habitat

POWERSIM (energy and environment chain management) tools (30 days free trial version)

Selected Readings:
Community Based Solid Waste Management through Public-Private-Community Partnerships:
Experience of Waste Concern in Bangladesh, www.wasteconcern.org.
Gaffron et al. (Ecocities I and II) www.ecoprojects.net
Government of Bangladesh (2008), Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan 2008.
Hardy J. T. (2003), Climate Change, Causes, Effects and Solution, WILEY
Hasan, G.M. J Chowdhury, M, A, I, (2005). Municipal Waste Management and Environmental
Hazzards in Bangladesh. PJBS, 8(6): 921-928.
IGBP (2006) Science Plan and Implementation Strategy International Geosphere Biosphere
Program. IGBP Report no 55. IGBP Secretariat, Stockholm
Islam, M. A. (1995). Environment Land Use and Natural Hazards in Bangladesh. Dhaka: University
of Dhaka.
Jahan, R., Salahuddin, K., Islam, M., Banu, N., and Islam, M. (eds.). (1995). Environment and
Development: Gender Perspective. Dhaka: Women for Women.
Kaushik A. And Kaushik C.P. (2010), Climate Change, Basic Environment and Ecology, New age
international publishers.
Miller, G. T., and Spoolman, S. (2008). 16th Ed), Living in the Environment: Concepts, Connections,
and Solutions. Brooks/ Cole
Molles, M. G. (2006). Ecology, Concept and Application., McGrew Hill.
Pittock B.A. (2009), Climate change: The Science, Impacts and Solutions, CSIRO Publishing
Reay D., (2006), Climate Change Begins at Home, Macmillan.

The Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (series publications on disaster

management), Disaster Management and Relief Division, Ministry of Food and Disaster
Management, Peoples republic of Bangladesh
DS 580

Research on Bangladesh Development Experience

Course Objective:
The aim of the course is to give the students training in doing a substantial research project on the
ongoing development activities of Bangladesh.
Course Guidelines:
This module builds on students existing research methodology skill that allows scientifically
investigating a selected development project/activity that is ongoing in Bangladesh. The research
should be an in-depth and through independent study. The objectives are for students to acquire
skills in framing research questions, information collection, analysis of the information, report
writing and presentation.
The student must prepare a project proposal of at least 4 pages within the first two weeks of 4 th
Semester. On the basis of the project proposal, a faculty member will be appointed as academic
supervisor in accordance with the guidelines approved by the Academic Committee of the
department. The normal length of the dissertation is 6,000 to 8,000 words.
Selected Reading:
K.L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses and Dissertations, Chicago University
Press, 1996.
C. Phyllis, Writing at University, a Guide for Students, Open University Press, 1997.
G. Watson, Writing a Thesis: a Guide to Long Essays and Dissertations, Longman, 1987.
S J Latsis Method and Appraisal in Economics, CUP, 1976
G Allan and C Skinner (ed) Handbook for Research Students in the Social Sciences, Falmer, 1993
W C Booth, GG Colomb and J M Williams, The Craft of Research, Chicago UP, 1995
D N McCloskey, The Rhetoric of Economics, Journal of Economic Literature, 21 (1983) 481-517
CK Wilber, R S Harrison, The Methodological Basis of Institutional Economics: Pattern Model,
Storytelling and Holism, Journal of Economic Issues, 12 (1978) 61-89
W Thomson, The Young Person's Guide to Writing Economic Theory, Journal of Economic Literature,
37 (1999) 157-183
DS 590

Comprehensive and Viva

Comprehensive examination must be passed by students willing to complete their master degree in
Development Studies. The examination consists of two parts: written and oral. The examination will
cover all the topics and courses that students have studied in previous semesters.