Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 4

TRUNG TM

BI DNG KIN THC & LTH


TON-L-HA-SINH THY PHNG
( thi gm 04 trang)

THI KHO ST CHT LNG


Mn: HA HC
Phn: Ancol-Andehit-Axit cacboxylic
(Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht )

M thi: 322
H tn th sinh:..............................................................
SBD:..............................................................................
Cho bit nguyn t khi (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t:
H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52, Mn = 55;
Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag=108.
Cu 1: t chy hon ton 17,7 gam hn hp A gm axit acrylic, axit oleic v axit metacrylic ri hp th ton
b sn phm chy vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d. Sau phn ng thu c a gam kt ta v thy khi lng dung dch
sau phn ng gim so vi khi lng dung dch Ca(OH) 2 ban u 41,7 gam. Gi tr ca a l?
A. 90
B. 95
C. 115
D. 105
Cu 2: Cho cc cht c CTPT sau, cht no khng phi l andehit?
A. C2H2O2
B. CH2O
C. C5H10O
D. C3H8O
Cu 3: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng
vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H 2 l 13,75).
Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,9.
B. 7,8.
C. 9,3.
D. 7,4.

Cu 4: Axit no di y c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2/OH khi un nng cho kt ta gch?


A. Axit oxalic.
B. Axit stearic.
C. Axit acrylic.
D. Axit fomic.
Cu 5: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c X l dn xut ca benzen, khi lng CO 2 thu c nh hn
35,2 gam. Bit rng, 1 mol X ch tc dng c vi 1 mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. HOC6H4CH2OH.
B. C2H5C6H4OH.
C. HOCH2C6H4COOH. D. C6H4(OH)2.
Cu 6: Cho cc cht sau: CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH3COCH3, CH2=CHCH2OH. Nhng cht no tc dng
hon ton vi H2 d (Ni, to) cho cng mt sn phm?
A. CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH3COCH3, CH2=CHCH2OH.
B. CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH2=CHCH2OH.
C. CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH3COCH3.
D. CH2=CHCHO, CH3COCH3, CH2=CHCH2OH.
Cu 7: Cho cc ancol sau: CH3-CH2-CH2-OH (1); CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 (2); CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-CH3 (3); CH3CH(OH)-C(CH3)3 (4); CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH (5); CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-CH3 (6). Dy gm cc ancol khi tch
nc ch cho 1 anken duy nht l
A. (1), (2), (4), (5), (6). B. (1), (2), (5).
C. (1), (2), (3).
D. (2), (3), (6).
Cu 8: Cho a gam hn hp HCOOH v C 2H5OH tc dng ht vi Na th th tch kh hiro (ktc) thu c l
1,68 lt. Gi tr ca a l
A. 7,2 gam
B. 4,6 gam
C. 5,5 gam
D. 6,9 gam
Cu 9: t chy hon ton a gam ancol n chc A thu c 13,2 gam CO 2 v 8,1 gam H2O. Thc hin phn
ng tch nc hon ton a gam A (140oC, H2SO4 c) th thu c m gam ete. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 6,9
B. 4,2
C. 5,55
D. 8,25
Cu 10: C4H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn axit ?
A. 1 ng phn
B. 4 ng phn
C. 3 ng phn
D. 2 ng phn
Cu 11: t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 3a mol CO 2. Mt khc, trung ha a mol Y cn va
2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to ca Y l
A. CH3CH2COOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HOOCCOOH.
D. HOOCCH2COOH.

GV: o Thanh Phng T: 097 809 1000

Page 1

Cu 12: C 3 dung dch: CH3CHO, CH3COOH, HCOOH ng trong 3 l mt nhn. Ho cht c th dng
phn bit ba dung dch trn l
A. dung dch AgNO3/NH3, CuO
B. Qu tm, CuO.
C. qu tm, Na.
D. Qu tm, dung dch AgNO3/NH3

CO 2
Cu 13: t chy mt ancol X c H2O
. Kt lun no sau y l ng nht ?
A. X l ancol n chc mch h.
B. X l ankadiol.
C. X l ancol no, mch h.
D. X l ankanol n chc.
Cu 14: t chy hon ton 6,0 gam axit cacboxylic X ri dn ton b sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh (1)
ng axit H2SO4 c, d v bnh (2) ng dung dch NaOH c, d. Kt thc th nghim, khi lng bnh (2) tng
nhiu hn khi lng bnh 1 tng l 5,2 gam. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C3H7COOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
Cu 15: hidrat ha hon ton 14,8g ancol X, t chy hon ton lng cht hu c thot ra ri hp thu ton
b sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d th thu c 80g kt ta v thy khi lng dung dch sau
phn ng gim 30,4g so vi khi lng dung dch Ca(OH)2 ban u. X l
A. C3H5OH .
B. C4H7OH .
C. C3H7OH.
D. C4H9OH .
Cu 16: Phenol phn ng c vi cc cht no sau y: (1) Na; (2) NaOH; (3) dung dch Br 2; (4) dung dch
AgNO3/NH3; (5). Na2CO3
A. 1, 4, 5
B. 1, 2, 3
C. 1, 3, 5
D. 1, 2, 4
Cu 17: Ch dng mt ha cht no di y phn bit hai bnh mt nhn cha kh C 2H2 v HCHO?
A. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
B. Dung dch NaOH.
C. Dung dch Br2. D. Na.
Cu 18: Hn hp X gm axit axetic, axit fomic, axit oxalic. Khi cho a gam X tc dng vi Na 2CO3 d th thu
c 7,84 lit kh (ktc). Mt khc, t chy hon ton a gam X cn 8,96 lit O 2 (ktc), thu c V lit CO2 (ktc) v
10,8g H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 13,44
B. 22, 4
C. 17,92
D. 15,68
Cu 19: Hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng, phn t ca chng ch c mt
nhm chc. Chia X thnh 2 phn bng nhau.
Phn 1: em t chy hon ton ri cho ton b sn phm chy (ch c CO 2 v hi H2O) ln lt qua bnh (1)
ng dung dch H2SO4 c, bnh (2) ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thy khi lng bnh (1) tng 2,16 gam, bnh
(2) c 7,0 gam kt ta.
Phn 2: cho tc dng ht vi Na d th th tch kh H2 (ktc) thu c l bao nhiu ?
A. 0,56 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 0,224 lt.
D. 1,12 lt.
Cu 20: Cho 0,05 mol m t anehit X tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) c 21,6g Ag. Hiro ha
hon ton X c Y. Bit 0,05 mol Y tc dng va vi Na th thu c 6g cht rn. X l
A. C3H4O2.
B. C2H2O2.
C. CH2O.
D. C4H6O.
Cu 21: Nhit si ca cc axit cacboxylic cao hn ca anehit, xeton, ancol c cng s nguyn t C l do
A. phn t khi ca axit ln hn v nguyn t H ca nhm axit linh ng hn.
B. cc axit cacboxylic u l cht lng hoc cht rn.
C. axit cacboxylic cha nhm C=O v nhm OH.
D. s phn cc nhm cacboxyl v s to thnh lin kt hiro lin phn t cc phn t axit
Cu 22: Xt cc loi hp cht hu c, mch h sau: Ru n chc no (X), andehit n chc no (Y), ru n
chc khng no 1 i i (Z); andehit n chc, khng no 1 ni i (T). ng vi cng thc tng qut CnH 2nO ch
c th l:
A. T
B. Y, Z
C. X, Y
D. Z, T
Cu 23: t chy hon ton 5,8g ancol X thu c 13,2g CO2 v 5,4g H2O. Xc nh X
A. C3H7OH .
B. C4H7OH.
C. C3H6(OH)2.
D. C3H5OH .
Cu 24: S lin kt trong cng thc cu to ca axit cacboxylic khng no, n chc, mch h c mt ni i
l
A. 1.
B. 0.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 25: Anehit X c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 36. S ng phn cu to c th c ca X l
A. 1.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.

GV: o Thanh Phng T: 097 809 1000

Page 2

Cu 26: Cho hn hp X gm 2 anehit ng ng k tip tc dng ht vi H 2 (Ni, to), thu c hn hp Y. t


chy hon ton Y thu c 3,36 lit CO2 v 4,5 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2 anehit trong X l
A. C3H6O v C4H8O.
B. CH4O v C2H6O.
C. C3H8O v C4H10O.
D. CH2O v C2H4O.
Cu 27: Cho 4,52 gam hn hp X gm C 2H5OH, C6H5OH, CH3COOH tc dng va vi Na thy thot ra V
ml kh ( ktc) v 5,4 gam hn hp rn. Gi tr ca V l
A. 448.
B. 896.
C. 672.
D. 560.
Cu 28: Hai cht hu c n chc X, Y u tham gia phn ng trng gng, c cng cng thc n gin nht
l CH2O. Y c khi lng phn t ln hn X. X, Y ln lt l?
A. HCHO; HO-CH2-[CH2]4-CHO
B. HCHO; HO-CH2-CHO
C. HCHO; CH3COOH
D. HCHO; HCOOCH3
Cu 29: C tt c bao nhiu ng phn ancol bn c cng thc phn t dng C 3H8Ox ?
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5
D. 4.
Cu 30: X l hp cht hu c (cha C, H, O) trong hiro chim 2,439% v khi lng. t chy hon ton
X thu c s mol nc bng s mol X, mt khc bit 1 mol X phn ng va vi 4 mol AgNO 3 trong dung dch
amoniac. Cng thc cu to c th c ca X l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. HCCCHO.
D. OHCCCCHO.
Cu 31: Cho cc hp cht hu c: (1) ankan; (2) ancol no, n chc, mch h; (3) xicloankan; (4) ete no, n
chc, mch h; (5) anken; (6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), mch h; (7) ankin; (8) anehit no, n
chc, mch h; (9) axit no, n chc, mch h; (10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), n chc. Dy gm
cc cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l:
A. (1), (3), (5), (6), (8).
B. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9).
C. (3), (4), (6), (7), (10). D. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9).
Cu 32: Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc n gin nht l C 3H4O3, vy cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4O3.
B. C12H16O12.
C. C9H12O9.
D. C6H8O6.
Cu 33: Trung ha a gam hn hp axit axetic v phenol cn va 100ml dung dch X cha NaOH 1M v
KOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 21,4g cht rn. Gi tr ca a l
A. 16,3
B. 13,6
C. 15,4
D. 14,5
Cu 34: Hn hp X gm 2 ancol no A v B thuc cng dy ng ng (M A>MB). Cho 7,6 gam X tc dng vi
Na d thu c 1,68 lt H2 (ktc), mt khc oxi ha hon ton 7,6 gam X bng CuO (t 0) ri cho ton b sn phm
thu c tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 21,6 gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH. B. C2H5OH.
C. CH3CH(CH3)OH.
D. CH3CH2CH2OH.
Cu 35: Andehit X mch h, cng hp vi H 2 theo t l 1 : 2 (lng H2 ti a) to ra cht Y. Cho Y tc dng
ht vi Na thu c th tch H2 bng th tch X phn ng to ra Y ( cng t0, P). X thuc loi cht:
A. Andehit no, n chc
B. Andehit khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), n chc
C. Andehit khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), hai chc
D. Andehit no, hai chc
Cu 36: Cho Na tc dng va vi 1,24g hn hp 3 ancol n chc X, Y l ng ng lin tip nhau, thy
thot ra 0,336 lt kh H2 (ktc). Khi lng mui natri ancolat thu c l
A. 2,58g.
B. 2,4g .
C. 2,85g .
D. 1,9g .
Cu 37: Dng thuc th no di y phn bit axit fomic v axit acrylic ?
A. Qu tm m
B. Dung dch Na2CO3
C. dung dch Br2
D. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3
Cu 38: Hn hp kh A cha hidro v ankanal X. T khi ca A i vi hidro l 8. ung nng nh hn hp A c
mt cht xc tc Ni. Phn ng kt thc thu c hn hp kh B c t khi i vi hidro l 12. X l?
A. C2H5CHO
B. C3H7CHO
C. CH3CHO
D. HCHO
Cu 39: Hn hp X gm HCOOH v CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Hn hp Y gm CH3OH v C2H5OH (t l mol
3:2). Ly 11,3g X tc dng vi 7,52g Y (xt H 2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este. Bit hiu sut cc phn ng
este u bng 80%. Gi tr ca m l
A. 12,197
B. 15,246
C. 14,52
D. 11,616
Cu 40: Ha tan 26,8 gam hn hp hai axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h vo nc c dung dch X.
Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: Cho phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 21,6
gam bc kim loi. trung ha hon ton phn 2 cn 200,0 ml dung dch NaOH 1,0M. Cng thc ca hai axit
l
GV: o Thanh Phng T: 097 809 1000

Page 3

A. CH3COOH, C3H7COOH.
B. CH3COOH, C2H5COOH.
C. HCOOH, C3H7COOH.
D. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.
Cu 41: Cng thc n gin nht ca andehit no X c dng C2H3O. S CTCT c th c ca X l?
A. 3
B. 2
C. 5
D. 4
Cu 42: t chy hon ton a gam hn hp X gm ancol metylic v andehit fomic cn va V lit O 2 (ktc),
hp th ton b sn phm kh vo bnh ng nc vi trong d thy khi lng bnh tng 14,2g ng thi xut
hin 20g kt ta. Gi tr ca V l?
A. 6,72
B. 8,96
C. 4,48
D. 5,60
Cu 43: Brom phn ng vi axit butiric (X) sinh ra CH 3CHBrCH2COOH (Y) hoc CH3CH2CHBrCOOH (Z)
hoc BrCH2CH2CH2COOH (T) ty theo iu kin phn ng. Chiu tng dn tnh axit (t tri qua phi) ca cc axit
trn l
A. T, Z, Y, X.
B. X, Y, Z, T.
C. Y, Z, T, X.
D. X, T, Y, Z.
Cu 44: Cho cc cht sau: CH3COOH, HCOOH, C6H5OH, CH2=CHCOOH, CH3CHO, CH3COCH3. Dy gm
cc cht khng phn ng vi dung dch Br2 l
A. CH3COOH, CH3COCH3.
B. C6H5OH, CH2=CHCOOH, CH3CHO
C. CH3COOH, CH3COCH3, CH3CHO
D. CH3COOH, HCOOH, CH3COCH3
Cu 45: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp anehit acrylic v anehit oxalic, hp th sn phm chy vo bnh
ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c 10g kt ta v dung dch X. Bit khi lng dung dch X gim so vi khi
lng dung dch Ca(OH)2 ban u 4,08g v khi un nng dung dch X li thu c thm 0,5g kt ta na. Hi khi
hidro ha hon ton m gam hn hp ban u cn bao nhiu lit H2 (ktc)?
A. 2,24
B. 1,12
C. 3,36
D. 4,48
Cu 46: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H 2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau mt thi gian thu
c hn hp Y. t chy ht Y th thu c 11,7 gam H 2O v 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Th tch khng kh cn
dng va t chy ht Y l
A. 22,4 lit
B. 33,6 lit
C. 56 lit
D. 44,8 lit
Cu 47: X l mt ancol no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc v 6,6
gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H5(OH)3.
B. C3H6(OH)2.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 48: Nhng pht biu no di y lun ng ?
(1) : Phenol l nhng hp cht hu c m phn t c vng benzen v nhm OH
(2) : Phenol l nhng hp cht hu c m phn t c cha nhm OH lin kt trc tip vi nguyn t cacbon ca
vng benzen.
(3) : Phenol tan v hn trong nc lnh.
(4) : Phenol tan v hn trong nc 660C
(5) : Phenol tan c trong etanol
(6) : Phenol khng tan c trong axeton
A. (2), (4), (5).
B. (3), (5), (6).
C. (1), (2), (4), (5).
D. (2), (4), (6).
Cu 49: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h thu c 0,4 mol CO 2.
Mt khc hiro ho hon ton m gam X cn va 0,2 mol H 2 (Ni, to), sau phn ng thu c hn hp hai ancol.
t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol ny th s mol H2O thu c l bao nhiu?
A. 0,8 mol
B. 0,3 mol
C. 0,4 mol
D. 0,6 mol
Cu 50: Cho s chuyn ha:
But 1 en
Tn ca E l:
A. iso butilen.

HCl

NaOH

B. dibutyl ete.

H 2 SO 4 c , 170 C E

C. propen.

D. but 2 en.

----------------- Ht -----------------

GV: o Thanh Phng T: 097 809 1000

Page 4

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi