Role Of Brushless DC Motors In Environmental

Conservation

BLDC MOTORS

Energy Efficient:-It is said that more than 50% of global power consumption
is due to motors. By replacing existing motors used in various products with
BLDC motors, the power consumed by the motors is reduced, which also

reduces environmental load.

Low Noise:-Motors are an important component in drive products, however,
same time they are a source of operating noise. Brushless DC motors excel in
silent operation. They reduce operating noise and contribute to creating a

pleasant workshop environment.

High Longevity:-Due to their structural characteristics, brushless DC motors
experience a lower rate of wear and are more durable. Their superb durability
as a key component helps extend the service life of products and increase the

impact of lower energy use.

Small and Light:- BLDC motors are smaller, lighter and give better
performance as compared to normal motors. This quality promotes them to be
used in high efficiency products.

BRUSHLESS OVER BRUSHED MOTORS

Electronic commutation achieved with Hall position sensors as
compared to commutation with brushed in brushed motors.

Less required maintenance due to absence of brushes.

Speed/Torque- flat, enables operation at all speeds with rated load.

High efficiency, no voltage drop across brushes which promotes its

usage in high efficiency products.

High output power/frame size.Reduced size due to superior

thermal characteristics. Because BLDC has the windings on the
stator, which is connected to the case, the heat disipation is better

Higher speed range - no mechanical limitation imposed by

brushes/commutator

Low electric noise generation.

SENSORLESS DRIVE SCHEME

ADVANTAGES
Advantages of sensorless drive scheme is directly related to hall sensors
disadvantages as given below: The Hall Effect sensor is not capable of measuring a current flow at a
distance greater than 10 cm; however, use of a magnet strong enough to
generate a magnetic field wide enough may make this possible.
Hall Effect sensors work on the principle of a magnetic field, making it
possible for external magnetic fields to interfere with this and bias the
measurement of a current flow.
Temperature affects the electrical resistance of the element and the
mobility of majority carriers and also the sensitivity of Hall Effect
sensors.
Even with well-centered electrodes, the offset voltage still presents as an
output voltage in the absence of a magnetic field.
An offset voltage occurs when there are physical inaccuracies and
material non-uniformities. It can be as high as 100 mV for a 12V source.
To solve this problem, an additional control electrode would need to be
added and through this a necessary current can be injected to obtain a null
output when no magnetic field is present.

Sensor-less Scheme
Cumulative speed build up process limits the use of this scheme to fan load only.
Therefore it is required to modify the scheme in such a way that it can be easily
operated at constant irrespective of the value and nature of load torque. Imparting
stability to this system requires a suitable feedback. An improved sensor less scheme is
being proposed as shown such that with minimum additional hardware requirement the
system stability is ensured even when there is a drastic change in load torque.
Working: The output voltage of the power amplifier circuit is measured and compared to
a reference value. This comparison generates an error signal. This error signal can be
used to vary the gain of the power amplifier. If the output voltage goes below the
reference, the gain increases and vice versa.