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VOL. CLXV . . . No. 57,293
$2.50
NEW YORK, THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
2016 The New York Times Company
Trump Mines Grievances

Of Whites Who Feel Lost
His Charged Words Allow the Disaffected
to Vent Feelings Usually Unspoken
By NICHOLAS CONFESSORE
POOL PHOTO BY STEFAN ROUSSEAU
Staff members applauded as Britains new prime minister, Theresa May, arrived at 10 Downing Street in London on Wednesday.
Safe Hands A Year Later, a Mixed Record for the Iran Accord
For a Britain
Solid Progress on Core
Deeply Split
Nuclear Provisions,
By DAVID E. SANGER
By STEVEN ERLANGER
LONDON Her beloved father, an Anglican vicar, died in a

car crash when she was 25, after
she had been married only a year,
and her mother, who had multiple
sclerosis, died a few months later.
For Theresa May, a cherished only
child, the shock was devastating.
It brought her even closer to her
husband, Philip, two years younger, whom she had met at Oxford, at
a Conservative Party disco. They
bonded over cricket and silly university debates, like the one
where Philip induced her to speak
for the motion That sex is good
. . . but success is better.
Both became bankers, and Ms.
May threw herself into the Conservative politics that had entranced her since the age of 12,
when she liked to argue with her
father and he asked her, in order to
maintain neutrality in his parish,
not to parade her Tory colors in
public.
Politics captured me, Ms. May
said in 2014. That sounds terribly
trite, she said, but I wanted to
make a difference, I wanted to be
part of the debate.
On Wednesday, Ms. May, 59, became Britains prime minister, the
last adult standing after other senior members of her party the
clever younger men from Britains
elite schools, like her predecessor,
David Cameron schemed each
other out of contention.
For Ms. May, only Britains second female prime minister, it is a
job she never publicly acknowledged wanting, until Mr. Cameron, bluff and self-confident,
Continued on Page A10
WASHINGTON A year after

President Obamas nuclear deal
with Iran, the worst predictions of
what would happen next have not
come to pass.
The Iranians, defying the expectations of the deals most vociferous critics, gave up 98 percent of
their nuclear material. They dismantled thousands of centrifuges
and filled the core of a major plutonium reactor with cement. Inspectors roam their facilities.
By late January, even Israels
top military officer said he was impressed. The deal has actually
removed the most serious danger
to Israels existence for the foreseeable future, Lt. Gen. Gadi
Eisenkot, the chief of staff of the
Israel Defense Forces, told a conference in Tel Aviv, and greatly
reduced the threat over the longer
but Little More
term.
But if the celebrations inside the
White House this week appear
muted, it is in part because very
little about the WashingtonTehran relationship outside the
strict parameters of the 130-page
agreement has improved. Tehran
is still sending its forces to support President Bashar al-Assad of
Syria and to gain influence in Iraq,
and now has begun to honor its
fallen soldiers there as heroes.
Taking advantage of a newly
worded United Nations resolution
that merely calls upon Iran to
limit its missile testing, it has kept
up a steady pace of tests, with

more and more capable weaponry.
The United States has protested,
but has recognized that Russia
and China would never permit the
imposition of sanctions.
The agreement, of course, covered only Irans nuclear activity
the most urgent problem. The goal
was to ensure that it would take
more than a year for Iran to assemble the makings of a bomb
rather than the few months American intelligence agencies believed it would have required a
year ago.
Today few dispute that it would
take Tehran at least that long
and probably much longer. As a
result, threats from Israel that a
strike against Irans facilities
might be necessary have ceased,
even from Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who has fallen
largely silent about the agreeContinued on Page A9
DANIEL BEREHULAK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Horses of East Jerusalem

Sami Salim with a white mare, amid the minarets and steeples of Jerusalems Old City. Page A8.
Ousted Anchors Fox Contract Could Shroud Her Case in Secrecy

By NOAM SCHEIBER
and JESSICA SILVER-GREENBERG
When Gretchen Carlson sought

her day in court with a sexual harassment lawsuit against Roger
Ailes, her former boss at Fox
News, Mr. Ailess lawyers had a
quick response: Move the case to
arbitration.
the death of a black teenager in

Ferguson, Mo. In a country where
the wealthiest and most influential citizens are still mostly white,
Mr. Trump is voicing the bewilderment and anger of whites who do
not feel at all powerful or privileged.
But in doing so, Mr. Trump has
also opened the door to assertions
of white identity and resentment
in a way not seen so broadly in
American culture in over half a
century, according to those who
track patterns of racial tension
and antagonism in American life.
Dozens of interviews with ardent Trump supporters and curious students, avowed white nationalists, and scholars who study
the interplay of race and rhetoric
suggest that the passions
aroused and channeled by Mr.
Trump take many forms, from
earnest if muddled rebellion to
deeper and more elaborate
bigotry.
On campuses clenched by unforgiving debates over language
All the Power

Of Cable News
In Your Palm
The share of Americans who believe

race relations are generally good.
Experts and lawyers who have

studied arbitration cases say that
process, if enacted, could significantly impede Ms. Carlsons
chances of prevailing.
While arbitration is normally a
secretive process, a typical plaintiff involved in arbitration would
at least be able to speak publicly
about his or her case. But Ms.
Carlson, a former anchor who was
let go last month, had a contract

that makes the process even more
secret, stipulating that all filings,
evidence and testimony connected with the arbitration, and
all relevant allegations and events
leading up to the arbitration, shall
be held in strict confidence.
The clause has much broader
secrecy language than is common
in arbitration, said F. Paul Bland
Jr., an arbitration expert and executive director of the advocacy

group Public Justice. This clause
explicitly put in gag-order language on all facts and evidence relating to these types of allegations.
The use of arbitration has proliferated over the last decade, as a
Continued on Page B5
SECURITY Cleveland has plans to

handle mass arrests in case of
G.O.P. convention chaos. PAGE A16
TAKING THE STAGE An astronaut
and a quarterback are among

convention speakers. PAGE A16
WHITES
60%
BLACKS
40
Cable news has functioned as

the harrowing background
soundtrack to much of 2015 and
2016. In covering terrorist attacks, protests against the police
and a presidential
election whose daily
antics seem tailormade for the overheated ethos of
STATE OF
THE ART cable, Fox News,
CNN and MSNBC
have all won huge increases in
viewership.
But as they say on cable, weve
just gotten word of some breaking news and its not pretty. If
youre watching on mute (which
says something by itself, right?),
you can consult this helpful Chyron: Facebook to Swallow TV
News, Just as It Has Everything
Else.
That, anyway, is the best way
to interpret what happened last
week, when the biggest story in
the country was dominated by
live-streaming apps made by
Facebook and Twitter.
Historians of television news
often cite the 1991 Gulf War as the
breakthrough moment for cable
a conflict that proved there
was a market for round-the-clock
coverage of the sort that CNN
was offering. For most humans,
last weeks police shootings, the
subsequent protests and the
mass assassination of police
officers in Dallas were a tragic
commentary on modern American race relations. But for that
subspecies of humans known as
television executives, the events
might also have functioned as an
alarming peek at a radically
altered future.
What we saw last week was
live streamings Gulf War, a
moment that will catapult the
technology into the center of the
news and will begin to inexorably alter much of television
news as we know it. And thats
FARHAD
MANJOO
A Key Appointment
Theresa May named Boris
Johnson, the former London mayor and Brexit champion, as foreign minister. Page A10.
The chant erupts in a college

auditorium in Washington, as
admirers of a conservative internet personality shout down a
black protester. It echoes around
the gym of a central Iowa high
school, as white students taunt the
Hispanic fans and players of a rival team. It is hollered by a lone
motorcyclist, as he tears out of a
Kansas gas station after an argument with a Hispanic man and his
Muslim friend.
Trump
Trump
Trump
In countless collisions of color
and creed, Donald J. Trumps
name evokes an easily understood message of racial hostility.
Defying modern conventions of
political civility and language, Mr.
Trump has breached the boundaries that have long constrained
Americans public discussion of
race.
Mr. Trump has attacked Mexicans as criminals. He has called
for a ban on Muslim immigrants.
He has wondered aloud why the
United States is not letting people in from Europe.
His rallies vibrate with grievances that might otherwise be expressed in private: about political correctness, about the
ranch house down the street overcrowded with day laborers, and
about who is really to blame for
100 days after

inauguration of
President Obama
20
April 09
July 16
Source: New York Times/CBS News Poll
Race Relations
Deemed Bleak
By Most in U.S.
By GIOVANNI RUSSONELLO
Sixty-nine percent of Americans say race relations are generally bad, one of the highest levels
of discord since the 1992 riots in
Los Angeles during the Rodney
King case, according to the latest
New York Times/CBS News poll.
The poll, conducted from Friday, the day after the killing of five
Dallas police officers, until Tuesday, found that six in 10 Americans
say race relations were growing
worse, up from 38 percent a year
ago.
Racial discontent is at its highest point in the Obama presidency
and at the same level as after the
riots touched off by the 1992 acquittal of Los Angeles police officers charged in Mr. Kings beating.
Relations between black Americans and the police have become
so brittle that more than half of
black people say they were not
surprised by the attack that killed
five police officers and wounded
nine others in Dallas last week.
Nearly half of white Americans
say that they, too, were unsurprised by the episode, the survey
found.
Despite President Obamas insistence at a memorial service for
the fallen officers that the races in
NATIONAL A13-21
INTERNATIONAL A4-12
BUSINESS DAY B1-8
SPORTSTHURSDAY B9-13
ARTS C1-8
Mourning and Moving On
A Scandal With Scissors
Norway as Brexit Role Model
Am I a Bronze Medalist?
A Bid to Restore Central Park
As funeral
services were held
for three of the five
Dallas police officers slain by a
gunman last week,
others considered
their professions
PAGE A13
perils.
The personal hairdresser for Franois

Hollande, Frances Socialist president,
has been paid 9,895 euros over
$10,000 a month since 2012. PAGE A4
As Britain considers how to keep doing

business on the Continent after it leaves
the European Union, Norway may
provide some of the answers. PAGE B1
The Central Park Conservancy is planning a 10-year, $300 million fund-raising

PAGE C1
and improvement effort.
NEW YORK A23-25
High-Tech Partner for Police

Taser International, the stun gun
maker, is also the dominant maker of
police body cameras.
PAGE B1
Katie Uhlaender,
right, finished
fourth in skeleton
at the Sochi
Games behind a
Russian said to be
part of a government-run doping
program. PAGE B9
THURSDAY STYLES D1-8
A Loss for Brady in Court
History Lesson From Clinton

Invoking Abraham Lincoln in Springfield, Ill., Hillary Clinton lamented the
Party of Lincolns transition to the
Party of Trump, and tried to cast herself
PAGE A18
as an agent of harmony.
Bouncy Bridge to Get New Fix

The bridge linking Brooklyn Heights to
Brooklyn Bridge Park is to undergo
repairs to allow its reopening. PAGE A23
Raids Target a Synthetic Drug
The Rainbow Couch
The police raided five bodegas, a day

after a wave of suspected overdoses on
the synthetic drug K2.
PAGE A23
L.G.B.T.-affirming clinical psychology

is altering the shape of therapy, though
it does have some doubters.
PAGE D1
The Patriots Tom Brady will probably

miss the start of the N.F.L. season after
a federal appeals court denied a review
of his four-game suspension over his
role in deflating footballs.
PAGE B12
Art Inspired by 9/11

In a first, the September 11 Memorial
Museum will display works created in
response to that days attacks. PAGE C1
EDITORIAL, OP-ED A26-27
Gail Collins
PAGE A27
U(D54G1D)y+$!;!&!=!]
A2
THE NEW YORK TIMES, THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
Inside The Times

INTERNATIONAL
NATIONAL
BUSINESS
7 Deaths, but No Answers

For Aboriginal Canadians
Likely Dwarf Planet

Found Beyond Neptune
Time Inc. Restructures

In Sweeping New Strategy
Seven students from indigenous

communities in Canada were found
dead in more than a decade while
attending school far from home.
Indigenous leaders suspected that
the students were victims of hate
crimes. But a coroners inquest
could not determine how four of
them died and found the other
deaths to be accidental. PAGE A4
The neighborhood beyond Neptune

is becoming ever more crowded,
with astronomers announcing this
week the discovery of another
probable dwarf planet. PAGE A21
Hoping for something of a resurgence, the magazine company

named Alan Murray, the editor of
Fortune, its chief content officer as
part of a seismic shift in its approach. PAGE B1
U.N.s South Sudan Record

The thousands of United Nations
peacekeepers trying to stave off
disaster in South Sudan are tasked
with protecting civilians by any
means necessary. Critics say they
have failed their mandate. PAGE A6
Egypt to Critics: Get Out

Liliane Daoud, a former television
presenter, is among nearly 500
people mostly activists, lawyers
and reporters who since 2013
have been deported from Egypt,
barred from travel or temporarily
detained at Egyptian airports,
according to a civil rights group.
CHANEL BOUTIQUES 800.550.0005 CHANEL.COM
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PAGE A8
A day after an international tribunal

rejected Chinas claims in the South
China Sea, Beijing excoriated the
panel and sent two civilian planes to
artificial islands it occupies in the
waterway. PAGE A11
The emperor of Japan has said that

he will abdicate the throne before he
dies, according to the public broadcaster NHK. PAGE A12
Hollande Faces New Rival
ROLEX DEEPSEA
Suit Targets Louisiana Police

The American Civil Liberties Union
sued Baton Rouge and state law
enforcement agencies, accusing
them of abusing those peacefully
protesting the police killing of Alton
Sterling. PAGE A18
Senate Passes Opioid Bill

In a rare instance of consensus in
Congress, the Senate approved a bill
to tackle the nations opioid crisis,
sending to the presidents desk the
most sweeping drug legislation in
years. PAGE A20
Health Spending to Hit High

National health spending will average more than $10,000 a person this
year for the first time, a milestone
that heralds faster growth in health
spending after several years of
exceptionally low growth. PAGE A20
China Chafes at Sea Ruling
Emperor Weighs Abdication
OYSTER PERPETUAL
QUOTATION OF THE DAY
The re-election prospects for President Franois Hollande of France

clouded further as his economy
minister, Emmanuel Macron, all but
stepped into the ring to oppose him
in next years presidential elections.
Seller-Financed Home Sales

A report by a consumer law organization said that seller-financed
home sales similar to buying a
home on an installment plan, with a
high-interest, long-term loan are
toxic transactions. The group
called for greater federal and state
oversight of the sales. PAGE B3
A general contractor that had been

found guilty of manslaughter of a
construction worker last year
vowed to defy a judges order that it
pay for public service announcements on worker safety. PAGE A24
Reducing a Bronx Backlog

The Bronx district attorney intends
to reduce criminal trials by adopting a new system of handling all
cases. PAGE A25
Germany became the first country

in the eurozone to sell 10-year debt
with a negative yield at an auction,
effectively ensuring that investors
lose money over the life of the bond.
PAGE B3
New Leader on Wall Street

Faiza J. Saeed, one of the biggest
deal makers at Cravath, Swaine &
Moore, is set to become the first
woman to lead the pre-eminent Wall
Street law firm. PAGE B3
ARTS
Waves of Dark History

Break on an Olympic Pool
Michael Kiwanukas second album,

Love & Hate, is a sustained, stylized work, transported to an
early-1960s soundstage. A review.
In High-Tech Era, Teams

Still Talk With Their Hands
Corrections
Originally inspired by signals used

in battle, nonverbal signs in baseball allow rapid adjustment by
batters and pitchers. But players
dont always pick them up under the
pressure of an at-bat. PAGE B9
NATIONAL
The godfather of Sicilys flesh-andblood Corleone crime family, he

eluded the police for 43 years and
was a convicted conspirator in the
murder of Italys two leading Mafia
prosecutors. PAGE A21
Report an Error:
nytnews@nytimes.com or call
1-844-NYT-NEWS
(1-844-698-6397).
Editorials: letters@nytimes.com
or fax (212) 556-3622.
Public Editor: Readers concerned
Barcelonas soccer club is waging

an online campaign in support of its
star player Lionel Messi after he
was sentenced in a tax fraud case.
The effort has provoked an angry
response from the government.
PAGE B10
about issues of journalistic integrity

may reach the public editor at
public@nytimes.com or (212) 5568044.
Newspaper Delivery:
customercare@nytimes.com or call
1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637).
With a new rabid fashion fan base,

pop stars like Justin Bieber and
Kanye West are nudging their
concert wares toward full-fledged
fashion collections. PAGE D1
Real World Enters Fashion

While New York Fashion Week:
Mens has not stormed the ramparts, it has shown a bracing awareness of a wider world, Guy Trebay
writes. Critics Notebook. PAGE D6
Crossword C4
Obituaries A21-22
TV Listings C7
Weather B14
Songs of Racial Injustice
Missile Site in South Korea
Bernardo Provenzano, 83
The Concert T-Shirt,

All Grown Up
PAGE C1
PAGE C3
Backlash Against Barcelona
THURSDAY STYLES
OP-ED
SPORTS
OBITUARIES
DETECTIVE
ARTURO MARTINEZ,
a friend of one of the five
Dallas officers killed last week,
on how the city can recover.
[A13]
A colossal seascape artwork encircling the new Olympic aquatics

stadium in Rio de Janeiro is steeped
in a complicated past that is typical
of its creator, Adriana Varejo.
PAGE A12
South Korea announced that a rural

southern county would be the site of
an advanced American missile
defense battery. Thousands of local
residents demonstrated against the
plan. PAGE A12
Negative Yields in Germany
NEW YORK
Contractor Vows to Defy

Ruling on Worker Safety
Its kind of like diamonds. The more pressure

you get, the stronger you
get, the more beautiful you
are. No matter how much
pressure you put on us,
were just going to get
better.
Because of an editing error, an

article on Wednesday about Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader
Ginsburgs comments about Donald J. Trumps presidential run referred incorrectly to Mr. Trumps
comments about Justice Ginsburg. He said that her involvement in the presidential campaign
was a disgrace to the court. He
did not say that Justice Ginsburg
herself was a disgrace. The error was repeated in the headline.
THE ARTS
A film review on Wednesday

about the documentary Dont
Blink Robert Frank erroneously attributed a distinction
to the cinematographer, Ed Lachman. While he has twice been
Nicholas Kristof PAGE A27
Classified Ads B13

Commercial
Real Estate Marketplace B2
nominated for an Oscar, he has not

won one.
OBITUARIES
An obituary on Wednesday
about the photographer Bill Jones
referred incorrectly in some copies to Muhammad Ali, whom Mr.
Jones photographed in London in
1966. He changed his name to Muhammad Ali in 1964; he was not
still known as Cassius Clay at the
time.
An obituary on Friday about the
actor John McMartin referred incorrectly to his work at the Long
Wharf Theater in New Haven. He
did perform there, but not before
he appeared in the Off Broadway
show Little Mary Sunshine in
1959. (The Long Wharf opened in
1965.)
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Diane Brayton, Secretary

T&CO. 2016
So Many Research Scientists,

So Few Professorships
By GINA KOLATA
The United States is producing

more research scientists than academia can handle.
We have been told time and
again that the United States needs
more scientists, but when it comes
to some of the most desirable science jobs tenure-track professorships at universities, where
much of the exciting work is done
there is such a surplus of Ph.D.s
that in the most popular fields, like
biomedicine, fewer than one in six
has a chance of joining the club in
the foreseeable future.
While they try to get a foot in the
door, many spend years after getting their Ph.D. as poorly paid foot
soldiers in a system that can afford to exploit them. Even someone as brilliant as Emmanuelle
Charpentier, who in 2015 became
head of the Max Planck Institute
for Infection Biology after a momentous discovery in gene editing, spent the previous 25 years
moving through nine institutions
in five countries.
The lure of a tenured job in academia is great it means a secure, prestigious position directing a lab that does cutting-edge
experiments, often carried out by
underlings. Yet although many
yearn for such jobs, fewer than
half of those who earn science or
engineering doctorates end up in
the sort of academic positions that
directly use what they were
trained for.
Others, ending up in industry,
business or other professions, do
interesting work and earn lucrative salaries and can contribute
enormously to society. But by the
time many give up on academia
four to six years or more for a
Ph.D., a decade or more as a postdoc they are edging toward
middle age, having spent their
youth in temporary low-paying
positions getting highly specialized training they do not need.
Now, as a new crop of graduate
students receives Ph.D.s in science, researchers worry over the
future of some of these dedicated
people; theyre trained to be
academics and are often led to believe that anything else is an admission of failure.
Years of low-paid
postdoc jobs while
chasing the dream of
a tenured post.
Every year the market grows
tighter, and federal money for research grants, which support
most of this research, remains
flat. The journey of Dr. Charpentier, says Alexander Ommaya,
acting chief scientific officer at the
Association of American Medical
Colleges, is not so unusual. It
happens, he said. Job opportunities, he says, are limited.
But wait. Dont we need more
trained scientists the people
whose research can lead to new
knowledge, new products, new
cures for disease? Arent some
companies importing STEM
workers?
It depends on which field: biology (many more Ph.D.s than academic posts); chemistry (same);
KARSTEN MORAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Even a recognizably brilliant scientist

like Emmanuelle Charpentier had a hard
time finding steady work in academia.
computer science (few academic

posts, but so much demand in industry that companies import talent).
And it depends on which degree
bachelors, masters, Ph.D. The
toughest road is the one stretching out in front of people with
newly minted doctorates.
The engineering school at
M.I.T., for example, often gets 400
applicants for every open assistant professor job, says Richard
Larson, an operations research
professor there. Many, he adds,
are superstellar.
One way to see what is happening is to look at a measure, called
R0, used in demography to show
how a population is growing. If every baby girl in a population
grows up to have one baby girl on
average, R0 is one, and the population size will remain constant. If
R0 is significantly greater than
one, the population can explode.
Dr. Larson and his colleagues
calculated R0s for various science
fields in academia. There, R0 is
the average number of Ph.D.s that
a tenure-track professor will graduate over the course of his or her
career, with an R0 of one meaning
each professor is replaced by one
new Ph.D. The highest R0 is in environmental engineering, at 19.0.
It is lower 6.3 in biological
and medical sciences combined,
ONLINE: NEW AT THE UPSHOT
Two Times reporters discuss

President Obamas analysis of
his health laws weaknesses.
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The Upshot provides news,

analysis and graphics about
politics, policy and everyday life.
but that still means that for every
new Ph.D. who gets a tenure-track
academic job, 5.3 will be shut out.
In other words, Dr. Larson said, 84
percent of new Ph.D.s in biomedicine should be pursuing other opportunities jobs in industry or
elsewhere, for example, that are
not meant to lead to a professorship.
Biomedical sciences have been
among the hardest hit. The field
had an 83 percent increase in
Ph.D.s between 1993 and 2013, to
about 192,000 from 105,000. But although most got jobs somewhere,
only about half got jobs in academia and only a quarter got tenuretrack positions, which, for many, is
what all that training was preparing them for.
It used to be that the majority
who got a Ph.D. in the biological
sciences would go into an academic career, said Dr. Michael Lauer,
deputy director for extramural re-
search at the National Institutes

of Health. Now, he says, that is
very much the minority.
Many spend years in a holding
pattern as postdocs, which are
temporary positions, working for
a professor and being paid from
the professors research grant.
The average pay in 2016 for a beginning postdoc in the biomedical
sciences is around $44,000, a figure that, adjusted for inflation, has
not changed since 1998.
Why would any smart person
work for so little? The goal for
postdocs is to get grants of their
own eventually, but the success
rate for those applying has
plunged.
In 2000, 32 percent of grant applications to the National Institutes of Health resulted in an
award. Now it is just 18 percent.
And the average age at which the
lucky few actually get a grant has
steadily increased it is now 42,
up from 35 in 1980, which means
biomedical scientists in academia
are essentially apprentices until
middle age. And the tendency is
for the grants to go to scientists
who already have them, making it
harder and harder to break into
the system.
The National Institutes of
Health recently created a grant
specifically for beginning scientists, but only about 20 percent of
applications result in an award.
Most beginning scientists face
five or more years as a postdoc,
which is not always conducive to
original research.
The incentive for the professor
is to have the postdoc do as much
work as possible so the professor
can get grants, said Gary McDowell, executive director of a
newly formed group, The Future
of Research, that supports young
scientists. I have heard of postdocs going to orientation when a
faculty member said: This is not
a time to work on your independence. It is a time for you to work
for your professor to help him succeed.
Postdocs, he added, are very
much a form of cheap labor. But
young scientists vie for the
positions.
People are desperate to work,
desperate to get academic jobs,
said Dr. McDowell, who had two
postdoctoral positions before accepting his current job.
At the same time, the number of
tenure-track academic jobs is
shrinking. Some places, like
M.I.T., have resisted the trend; it
has had a steady number of
tenured faculty 1,000 for at
least 30 years. But with more people vying for those jobs when they
open up and faculty members retiring later and later, competition
is fierce.
But some colleges like the
Boston University School of Medicine and Morehouse School of
Medicine do not even offer tenure-track positions.
For those thinking of science as
a career, said P. Kay Lund, director
of the division of biomedical research workers at the National Institutes of Health, perhaps the
best thing would be for a mentor
to sit down with them and have a
heart-to-heart talk, preferably
when theyre still undergraduates.
A lot of the time, there is not a
lot of thought about it, Dr. Lund
said. People say, I love science; I
am great at it. I will get a Ph.D.
It May Be Time to Refinance Your Mortgage (Again)

By NEIL IRWIN
Its a good time to check the rate

on your home mortgage, because
you might save money by refinancing. For that, American
homeowners can thank British
voters, central banks in Europe
and Japan, and a global economy
that just cant get out of first gear.
The average interest rate on a
30-year fixed-rate mortgage was
3.64 percent Tuesday, and last
week was as low as 3.39 percent.
That is down from 4.2 percent a
year ago and 3.9 percent at the
start of 2016 (the rates on 15-year
fixed-rate mortgages and various
forms of adjustable-rate loans are
also down). This movement is being driven by shifts in global bond
markets.
There is even reason to think
mortgage rates could fall further
in the weeks ahead as banks start
to pass more of the savings from
low rates in the bond market
through to customers though
would-be refinancers would have
to be willing to bet that global
markets wont reverse themselves in the interim. Bond yields
rose Tuesday, before receding a
little on Wednesday, which suggests that some reversal may
have already begun.
Using the rule of thumb that re-
financing frequently makes sense

when rates have fallen by a full
percentage point, people who took
out loans at the prevailing rate at
various points in late 2013 and the
first part of 2014 might see favorable economics for refinancing, as
will those whose loan was first
made anytime before mid-2010.
People with narrower gaps between their interest rate and those
that prevail now might also con-
British voters and

foreign central banks
play a role in rates.
sider refinancing. That makes
sense particularly if they expect
to remain in their current home
for many years, thus allowing
time for even modest monthly
savings to accumulate enough to
justify the one-time expenses tied
to refinancing a loan.
Lower rates can make this a
good time to refinance for people
who want a different type of mortgage, like moving from a 30-year
loan to a 15-year one to pay off the

home faster.
For a first cut at exploring
whether refinancing might make
sense in your situation, you can
use any of several online calculators. A mortgage broker or banker
can help determine the exact rate,
eligibility and fees that would apply.
What no one can know is
whether rates will pop back up or
continue to drop. As much as
mortgage rates have declined in
2016, and especially since Britain
voted to leave the European Union on June 23, they actually
havent declined as much as the
long-term interest rates that prevail on the global bond market.
From the end of last year until
Tuesdays close, the interest rate
on 10-year Treasury bonds had
fallen 0.76 percentage points,
while the average rate on 30-year
fixed-rate mortgages was down
only 0.58.
Essentially, banks have been
able to keep much of the savings of
falling global rates for themselves
the gap between those numbers, reflecting strong demand for
loans and limited competition.
That gap between long-term
rates on global markets and what
banks charge their customers for
a mortgage has spiked repeatedly

in the last few years, as it has in
the last month, but those spikes
have inevitably been short-lived.
Assuming the pattern holds, it
would mean that mortgage rates
will fall further in coming weeks,
as competitive pressure takes
hold and more banks pass along
the low interest rates prevailing
on the bond market to their
customers.
That said, theres no guarantee
that will happen. Yes, theres reason to think that banks will lower
the premium they are charging for
mortgages. But with Treasury
yields at record-low levels, the
same technical forces that have
driven rates downward in the last
few months could reverse. That
means that even small improvements in the global economic outlook could cause a rapid rise in
rates.
So if refinancing looks desirable
now, you might save a little more
on mortgage interest if you wait.
But if you wait, your lucrative refinancing opportunity could evaporate. And if you have special
powers to divine which direction
rates are going next in this volatile
year, every hedge fund manager
on earth would pay handsomely if
you would tell them.
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THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
7 Student Deaths, but No Answers for Aboriginal Canadians

Inquiry Sheds Light
On Education Issues
By IAN AUSTEN
THUNDER BAY, Ontario They

were teenagers from tiny indigenous Canadian communities, isolated by a maze
of lakes and forest. Thunder Bay, a metropolis by comparison, offered them
their only opportunity for a high school
education.
Instead, the students met death.
Starting in 2000 and over the span of
more than a decade, the bodies of Jethro
Anderson, Curran Strang, Reggie
Bushie, Kyle Morrisseau and Jordan
Wabasse were found, one by one, floating
in the rivers that meander past Thunder
Bays grain elevators, shopping malls
and rail lines, emptying into Lake Superior. Bodies of two other indigenous students, Robyn Harper and Paul Panacheese, were found elsewhere in
Thunder Bay, a predominantly white city
of 121,000.
Indigenous leaders and parents of the
dead had long called for investigations,
suspecting the students were victims of
hate crimes. But among the broader population, the deaths largely went unnoticed until last year, when the Ontario
coroners office opened an inquest.
Despite months of testimony, the inquests jury, which released findings and
recommendations in June, was unable to
reach a conclusion as to what had led to
the deaths of four of the students, and
found the others to be accidental.
But unlike many tragedies involving
indigenous Canadians, these victims
were linked by important common de-
A lonely life for

indigenous teenagers at
school far from home.
nominators: All were young people from
remote towns. All were unaccustomed to
city life. All were forced to stay in privately run boardinghouses a lonely,
unsupervised life for students as young
as 14.
The inquest became a window into
broader questions over how Canada handles education for such a vulnerable population. Testimony underscored that despite Canadas national pride over inclusiveness, a racial line often separates indigenous Canadians from the rest of
society.
Theres racism here, said Sara
Brady, an Ojibway teacher who runs a
team of workers who assist indigenous
students at a high school in Thunder Bay.
You have kids who have never experienced racism before, and thats a big
thing for some of them. They dont understand what that is until they get here.
Among the statistics offered at the inquest, a calculation by Dr. David Eden,
the presiding coroner, stood out. Two of
the students, Kyle Morrisseau and Robyn Harper, came from Keewaywin, population around 300, about 350 miles northwest of Thunder Bay. For Thunder Bay
to suffer a proportionally similar tragedy, he said, 700 high school students
would need to die.
Kyle Morrisseaus death offers a
glimpse into his failed jump from one
world into another, and its devastating
effect on his family.
He was a celebrity in Keewaywin,
which consists of little more than an
airstrip, a nursing station, a school, a
general store and a post office. He was
the third generation of his family to find
success in selling art. He and his father,
Christian Morriseau (some family mem-
PHOTOGRAPHS BY IAN WILLMS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Christian Morriseau, top, at the graves of his son Kyle and his father in Keewaywin First Nation, north of Thunder
Bay, Ontario. Above right, a painting they had made. His son was one of seven students who died while attending
high school in Thunder Bay. Sara Brady, above left, teaches at a high school there and helps indigenous students.
bers use a single S in the surname),
painted aboriginal mythology images
sold in galleries in Ottawa and elsewhere. His grandfather Norval Morrisseau was one of Canadas best-known aboriginal painters.
Since Kyles death, Christian Morriseaus marriage has dissolved and his
house has burned down. He now lives
part time in another house, condemned
and filled with mold, in between annual
trips to paint in Toronto.
When his son started attending high
school in Thunder Bay, Mr. Morriseau
said in an interview, he had little concern.
Two cousins worked at the high school,
and an uncle coordinated programs for
indigenous students in the city.
We had family there, he said.
Mr. Morriseau planned trips to Toronto and Ottawa to meet with art collectors
so that he could change planes in Thunder Bay and spend time with Kyle.
One night in October 2009, while they

shared a hotel room, Kyle told his father
that he wanted to return to Keewaywin,
only to abruptly reverse himself the next
day, promising to tough it out, Mr. Morriseau said. Kyle was found dead less
than a month later.
Mr. Morriseau said he has agonized
over Kyles change of mind ever since.
He was just lonely, I guess, he said.
He said the evidence at the inquest
showed that there were bruises on Kyles
body, suggesting that his son may have
been attacked. The jury also heard how
at least one other indigenous student had
been assaulted by young white men and
thrown into the river. That student, fearing for his life, left Thunder Bay and returned home.
Regardless, Mr. Morriseau said he was
convinced that Kyle had not committed
suicide. While many Canadian aboriginal communities have exceptionally
high rates of suicide and attempted suicide, statistics presented at the inquest
showed that hanging is overwhelmingly
the most common method. Drowning is
not even a category.
The inquest jury listed the means of
Kyles death as undetermined.
Asked what he thought had happened,
Mr. Morriseau, 46, looked down, replying: Who knows, man. Only he does
him and the creator knows what happened.
Somebody else does know something
out there, he continued, but I dont
think it will ever come up, or maybe its
too late to come up.
Educating indigenous Canadians has
long been considered one of the countrys most troubling issues. For much of
Canadas early history, native children
were forcibly removed from their families and sent to residential schools largely run by churches. Physical, mental and
Haircuts for a President,

And Maybe the Taxpayers
By AURELIEN BREEDEN
PARIS As heads of state go, this one

appears to be quite expensive.
The investigative and satirical newspaper Le Canard Enchan reported on
Wednesday that President Franois Hollandes personal hairdresser has been
paid 9,895 euros over $10,000 per
month since Mr. Hollande was elected in
2012, about the same amount as a government ministers salary.
The report is especially jarring for Mr.
Hollande, 61, a Socialist who campaigned
on the promise that he would be a normal and exemplary president but who
has seen his private life spill into the
open on several occasions.
It would be hard for Mr. Hollande to be
less popular. His approval ratings, while
receiving a bump from the Euro 2016 soccer tournament, have been persistently
low. He has been forced to agree to a primary among left-leaning parties, including his own Socialists, to settle on a candidate for president next year a first
for a sitting president.
Mr. Hollande has not managed to deliver on his promise to significantly
lower unemployment, especially among
young people. His government has faced
months of street protests over an unpopular bill to loosen Frances rigid labor
Lilia Blaise and Benot Morenne contributed reporting.
laws. And he faces a potential challenge

from his economy minister, Emmanuel
Macron, who has hinted that he may run
for president next year.
The new controversy the hashtag
#CoiffeurGate, coiffeur being French
for hairdresser, was a trending topic on
Twitter on Wednesday could contribute to the image as a president who is out
of touch.
Mr. Hollande is certainly not the first
politician to encounter problems with
hairdressing.
In 1993, two of Los Angeles International Airports runways were shut for
nearly an hour so that President Bill
Clintons Beverly Hills hairstylist could
come aboard Air Force One to give him a
haircut. In 2007, John Edwards, a former
senator, had to reimburse his presidential campaign $800 to cover the cost of
two haircuts. The Republican vice-presidential nominee Sarah Palin spent tens
of thousands of dollars on hair and makeup in the homestretch of her 2008 campaign.
In France, opposition center-right and
far-right parties were, unsurprisingly,
critical of Mr. Hollande, and while reactions in his own party were more muted,
some struck a harsher tone.
Thats a lot of money for a hairdresser, and for the French in general,
Thierry Mandon, the junior minister for
higher education and research, told the
sexual abuse were widespread. The program was less about education, a national Truth and Reconciliation Commission found last year, than it was about
cultural genocide.
Today, schooling for most Canadians is
financed with a mix of provincial and local taxes, and the federal government is
responsible for educating only indigenous children who live on reserves.
The result is a stark disparity. The inquest found that Thunder Bays Roman
Catholic French-language school board
has a budget of roughly 27,000 Canadian
dollars, or about $20,000, per student.
Dennis Franklin Cromarty High School,
where six of the dead students were enrolled, gets 11,000 Canadian dollars per
pupil. Not every high school student on a
reserve in northwestern Ontario attends
Cromarty, or D.F.C., as it is commonly
known. Many attend the Pelican Falls
First Nations High School, a boarding
school nearer to the reserves.
But Jonathan Kakegamic, the principal at D.F.C., said that he believed its location provided greater learning opportunities and made it easier to attract and
retain good teachers.
The school partly compensates for the
budget disparity with fund-raising that
helps pay for extra teachers, student
meals and after-school sports.
But as he used a stationary bicycle late
one afternoon in the schools weight
room, Mr. Kakegamic said that what the
school really needed was a dormitory.
When you have 150 kids staying in
private citizens boarding homes
throughout the city, thats a difficult
thing to maintain, he said. Theres so
many injustices at every level.
Mr. Kakegamics home community is
Keewaywin. He taught elementary
school there, and is a cousin of Kyle Morrisseaus family. As he recalled the
schools searches for each of its students
who were ultimately found dead, tears
mixed with the sweat on his face.
I dont know if I could handle losing
another kid, he said.
A CHALLENGE FROM WITHIN
Mr. Hollandes economy minister, Emmanuel Macron, appears set to challenge

him in elections next year. Page A12.
CHARLES PLATIAU/REUTERS
President Franois Hollande, center left, in Paris on Wednesday. A newspaper has revealed that his personal hairdresser is paid over $10,000 a month.
LCP news channel. For many people in
France that really, really, really is a lot of
money.
Still, the revelations have yet to morph
into a full-blown political scandal in
France, where the financial excesses or
abuses of politicians are sometimes met
with a shrug. On Twitter, French
observers expressed a mixture of
amusement and outrage.
When my 2,600 euros of income tax
represent one week of the hairdressers
salary #CoiffeurGate #shameful, one
user wrote. #CoiffeurGate ah, now I
finally understand the expression

budgetary cuts, mused another. Some
photoshopped royal wigs, mullets or
toupes onto the French presidents
sparsely adorned head.
The hairdresser, identified by Le Canard Enchan only as Olivier B., was
first mentioned in a book by two French
journalists published in April that aimed
to give a behind-the-scenes look at the
lyse Palace, the presidential residence.
The book identified the hairdresser as
Olivier Benhamou, and said that his
monthly salary was 8,000 euros. When

the tabloid magazine Closer wrote an article using that information, Mr. Benhamou sued them; that case is pending.
The work contract Mr. Benhamou
signed with the lyse Palace was recently introduced as evidence in a
French court as part of that case, and
was obtained by Le Canard Enchan,
which used it as the basis of its report.
The contract was signed by Mr. Hollandes former chief of staff. It is unclear
whether Mr. Hollande knew how much
the hairdresser is paid. On Wednesday
evening, Valrie Trierweiler, Mr. Hollandes former companion, wrote on Twitter: Lets be fair: F. Hollande was not
aware of the hairdressers salary. I can
attest to his anger when he learned about
it later.
The lyse Palace confirmed the report, telling Le Canard Enchan that Mr.
Benhamou started his days very early
and that he redoes the presidents hair
every morning and as much as needed,
for each public statement.
A 2015 report by the Cour des Comptes,
the French organization that conducts financial audits of the state and other public institutions, found that personnel
spending at the lyse Palace in 2014
68.2 million euros, out of the palaces
overall budget of 100 million euros had
fallen by 1.6 percent from the previous
year and that staff numbers had been
cut.
A5
A6
THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
U.N. Strains to Fix Peacekeeping Shield for South Sudan Civilians

Harsh Criticism
Of Its Troops
By SOMINI SENGUPTA
UNITED NATIONS The

thousands of United Nations
peacekeepers trying to stave off
disaster in South Sudan already
have a tough, clear mandate: to
protect civilians by any means
necessary.
Their track record, however,
shows that they have not always
been able or willing to do that.
When civil war broke out in
South Sudan more than two years
ago, the United Nations took pains
to tell the world that its
peacekeepers in the country had
opened their compound gates and
given refuge to tens of thousands
of civilians.
Since then, however, the troops
have faced blistering criticism for
not taking steps in time to head off
an ethnic massacre in a camp for
displaced people; for being unable to protect women who were
raped when they ventured outside
camps to gather firewood; and for
being confined to their bases as
new spasms of violence over the
weekend led to the deaths of even
more civilians.
On Wednesday, as senior
United Nations officials warned of
the risks of renewed fighting between rival South Sudanese factions after deadly clashes over the
weekend, Security Council diplomats met behind closed doors
to discuss whether to send more
troops or give them new orders.
They agreed on little, diplomats
said. And so it remained unclear
whether the Council would move
anytime soon to impose an arms
embargo on the warring parties,
as the secretary general, Ban Kimoon has called for, or whether
they could agree on a political
strategy
to
make
the
peacekeepers job any easier.
The United Nations said that its
troops patrolled the streets of
Juba, the capital, on Wednesday
for the first time in days, only to
discover that food stocks had been
looted from its warehouses. The
United States announced that it
would charter two planes to allow
its citizens to leave Juba.
Further clashes cannot be
ruled out, said Herv Ladsous,
the United Nations under secretary general for peacekeeping.
Over the weekend, United Nations troops were under lockdown
in their bases in Juba as govern-
TYLER HICKS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
A camp in Juba, South Sudan, where 50,000 people have sought safety since brutal ethnic fighting erupted two years ago.
ment forces put up checkpoints
and thousands of civilians poured
in. Gunmen fired at civilians trying to enter the United Nations
bases, which also came under fire.
Two peacekeepers were killed inside a base, along with at least
eight civilians.
Something is fundamentally
wrong with the mandate of the
U.N. mission here, Zlatko Gegic,
the country director for Oxfam,
said by Skype from Juba this
week. They were victims themselves, being completely unable to
move.
There are 13,000 troops and police officers on the ground now,
nearly half of them assigned to
protect displaced people sheltering in their bases, known as protection of civilian sites.
Some of South Sudans neighbors are calling for the mission to
be fortified with a special unit that
could intervene militarily, as
peacekeepers were allowed to do
against a militia in the Democratic
Republic of Congo. It is a far trickier proposition in South Sudan,
however, as an intervention could
embroil United Nations troops in

an incendiary ethnic conflict.
The challenge in South Sudan is
part of a broader identity crisis for
United Nations peacekeeping.
Globally, the program is bigger
and more expensive than ever,
with the United States picking up
more than one-fourth of the $8.3
billion budget. But peacekeepings limitations are also on stark
display, especially when it comes
to the programs ability to protect
civilians. The shadow of United
Nations failures in Rwanda in 1994
and in Srebrenica in 1995, during
the Bosnian war, still looms large.
In South Sudan, the worlds
newest country, not only have
peacekeepers been unable to
ward off what United Nations investigators call crimes against humanity committed chiefly, though
not entirely, by government
forces, but its own so-called protection-of-civilians sites have not
always been reliable sanctuaries.
The peacekeeping mission has
drawn its harshest criticism over
its failure to prevent an ethnic
massacre at a camp in the stra-
tegic city of Malakal in mid-February.

Two investigations for events in
Malakal, by panels appointed by
the United Nations, suggested
that some peacekeepers had retreated from their posts and that
others had waited for written instructions from headquarters.
Both acts contravened the mandate set by the Security Council:
Officials warn of risks

of more spasms of
violence.
to protect civilians, by deadly
force if necessary.
While the troops dithered, according to one of the investigations, gunmen threw grenades
into the camp, singled out
civilians based on their ethnicity,
and went on a looting and burning
rampage. When peacekeepers finally advanced, 16 hours after the
attack began, and fired into the air,
the gunmen withdrew.
By then at least 30 people had
died, and at least 123 had been
wounded.
The Malakal massacre has
emerged as a test of the United
Nations recent pledges to ensure
that peacekeepers are held accountable when they do not do
their jobs.
While some peacekeepers performed bravely, some of those
with the responsibility to protect

civilians did anything but that,
David Pressman, an American
ambassador at the United Nations, said in an email shortly after
a closed-door Security Council
meeting on what happened in
Malakal.
This was a horrific event, he
said. It merits a serious response
and accountability, certainly for
the uniformed perpetrators who
killed innocents but also for
peacekeepers who may have
failed to carry out their responsibilities.
Doctors Without Borders, the
medical aid group, said in a report
of its own that the United Nations
had failed in its duty to safeguard
the people at the site and could
have averted many fatalities.
South Sudan is a vast, largely
roadless country of rivers and
swamps and of deadly ethnic
fault lines. A full-scale civil war
broke out in December 2013 when
soldiers loyal to the president,
Salva Kiir, took up arms against
followers of the vice president at
the time, Riek Machar. Mr. Kiirs
loyalists belong mainly to his
Dinka ethnic group, while Mr.
Machar is a Nuer. The two men
signed a peace accord in August,
but it remains, for now, limited to
words on a page.
Roughly two million people
have been forced from their
homes, with nearly 200,000 living
inside United Nations bases that
were never meant to become
camps for so many people for so
long.
One of the camps was in
Malakal. According to one of the

internal investigations, a copy of
which was obtained by The New
York Times, someone cut a hole in
the fence that encircled the camp,
about 50 feet from a United Nations sentry post staffed by
Ethiopian soldiers. Two Dinka
men tried to smuggle in two
Kalashnikovs through the hole,
plus 58 rounds of ammunition.
Peacekeepers tried to detain
them, but the smugglers escaped.
Through that hole in the fence,
over the course of the next day,
most of the camps ethnic Dinka
residents left.
Uniformed soldiers loyal to Mr.
Kiir assembled on the edges of the
camp. By late that second day,
clashes broke out inside. The
peacekeepers deployed one platoon to try to disperse the crowd.
The soldiers fired tear gas.
It was not enough to deter the
troublemakers. A grenade was
thrown into an ethnic Shilluk section of the camp. A fire broke out in
the Nuer enclave. The Dinka sections were left intact.
By morning on the third day, the
report said, witnesses saw South
Sudanese troops inside the camp,
along with armed men in civilian
clothes and white scarves masking their faces. The report concluded that the attack seems to
have been well planned and orchestrated by local authorities.
As for the United Nations
forces, only at 2:30 p.m. did they
respond with force, advancing in
four armored personnel carriers
and firing into the air.
The second internal inquiry recommended decisive action
against units that were unwilling
to use force, including by repatriating entire units or individual
commanders.
As always, the tricky part for
the United Nations is confronting
countries that provide armed
forces for its missions, especially
those that send many troops,
without which peacekeeping operations could not exist. Countries
that had contingents in Malakal
Ethiopia, India and Rwanda are
among the largest troop contributors.
In a measure of the political difficulties, the under secretary general for peacekeeping, Mr. Ladsous, told reporters in mid-June
that some of the soldiers would be
sent home. He declined to reveal
their nationalities. A month later,
none of the troops had been
repatriated, and given the latest
surge of violence, it is unlikely any
of them will be anytime soon.
Now, as the Security Council
tries to strengthen the United Nations mission, the question remains: What can peacekeepers be
expected to do in South Sudan?
The argument for keeping the
mission in place is that, by guarding civilians at its protection sites,
it mitigates the overall violence,
said Richard Gowan, an analyst at
the European Council on Foreign
Relations. But a lot of the sites
seem to to be insecure, and the
risk of a large-scale massacre at a
U.N. base is serious.
E.U. Offers a New Plan on Immigration

By JAMES KANTER
BRUSSELS The European

Union authorities, seeking to balance the scale of the migration crisis with the reluctance of some
countries to take in refugees, offered a series of proposals on
Wednesday that would give member states more latitude while offering them 10,000 euros for each
refugee they accept.
Europe has struggled to come
up with a cohesive plan to deal
with the more than one million migrants who have reached Europe
in the past two years, and the proposals from the European Commission, the blocs executive arm,
reflect a renewed effort to impose
clearer rules for both countries
and migrants.
The commission proposed a
common procedure for resettling
refugees from camps in countries
outside the bloc, like Turkey, that
would give member states the option of joining together to decide
the overall number of people to
take in and how to spread out the
refugees among those nations.
That represents a form of solidarity among the willing, though
it is unlikely to include countries
like Hungary and Slovakia that
have resisted taking in more migrants, and it falls short of a mandatory system that would be applied across the European Union.
A separate, mandatory program to relocate asylum seekers
who have used clandestine routes
to enter the bloc has fallen far
short of expectations. Member
states were unwilling to share the
burden of the huge migrant influx,
and just 3,000 migrants out of an
intended 160,000 have been relocated.
Under the terms of the new proposal, which formalizes some existing, temporary measures, the
voluntary system would be supported by a cash incentive to resettle migrants from camps outside the European Union. The
rules need approval from EuroNiki Kitsantonis contributed reporting from Athens.
AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE GETTY IMAGES
Rescued migrants on the island of Lesbos on Wednesday. The

European Union has offered nations incentives and latitude.
pean Union governments and the
European Parliament before becoming law.
The figure of 10,000, about
$11,100, was previously available to
member states that accepted
refugees from outside the bloc under a temporary two-year system
for 22,000 people set up last year.
About 8,000 refugees have benefited from that program.
The bloc has been overhauling
its asylum and migration rules in
the wake of a major crisis last
year, when huge numbers of migrants arrived from Africa and the
Middle East. Many traveled
through Turkey and crossed the
Aegean Sea to Greece before settling in Germany.
The proposals were directed at
both member states and migrants, with measures intended to
deter those registered as asylum
seekers in one state from leaving
for another by specifying clear
obligations,
said
Dimitris
Avramopoulos, the European
commissioner for migration.
The European Union requires
migrants to register for asylum in
the first country they reach in the
bloc. Many have been forced to
register in Greece the most
popular landing point even
though they would rather go else-
where.
Migrants who break the rules
could face rapid rejection of their
applications, officials at the commission said.
Jean Lambert, a British member of the European Parliament,
criticized the proposed rules on
asylum, saying the new duties
represented further retrograde
steps in a number of areas of asylum policy and an obsession
with punitive measures.
The number of arrivals has
dropped significantly since the
European Union reached an
agreement with Turkey to crack
down on human smuggling across
the Aegean, a short but perilous
crossing.
On Wednesday, the bodies of
four migrants, including two children, were pulled from the Aegean Sea after a dinghy capsized off
the coast of the Greek island of
Lesbos.
An official at the Greek Shipping Ministry said that the bodies
of a girl, a boy, a man and a woman
had been recovered, and that six
people had been rescued near the
island, which has been overwhelmed by asylum seekers trying to reach Europe. Three other
people were believed to be missing.
A7
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A8
Egypt Using
Deportation
To Silence
Its Critics
By NOUR YOUSSEF
PHOTOGRAPHS BY DANIEL BEREHULAK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Fares Salim, 22, with a white mare out of her stall, with a backdrop of the minarets and steeples of Jerusalems Old City and the golden Dome of the Rock.
JERUSALEM JOURNAL
Palestinian Hobby of the Poor: APassion for Horses

By JAMES GLANZ
and RAMI NAZZAL
JERUSALEM In the violent

East Jerusalem slum of Issawiya,
trash burned next to an open bin,
filling the air with an acrid
stench. Arabic graffiti covered a
stone wall on one side of a steep
lane scattered with stones left
from clashes between Palestinian
residents and Israeli soldiers. A
knot of children stopped and
eyed two strangers with suspicion.
Then a gray metal gate rumbled open near the top of the
street. A pair of exquisitely
groomed Arabian horses
emerged, their hooves clacking
on the dusty pavement. The
horses pranced toward the center of town with their riders, Alaa
Mustafa, 24, and his cousin Oday
Muheisan, 19. Behind them, the
open gate revealed a tiny, fivesided lot for exercising horses
and a stable with a dozen stalls
amid a jumble of apartment
buildings.
The two gleaming black
horses, certified purebreds
named Rawnaq and Furys, provided a glimpse of a Palestinian
passion some call it an obsession for raising show horses,
racehorses and more modest
steeds in what might seem like
impossible conditions. The
horses are bred and to some
extent trained in gritty East
Jerusalem neighborhoods like
Issawiya, Tur and Jabal al-Mukaber, often by families who struggle to share tiny, cramped homes.
In America, they call raising
horses the hobby of the rich,
said Muhamed Hamdan, 25, a
Palestinian trainer who studied
in the United States. Here, its
the hobby of the poor.
Although the stables are
usually tight and dingy, their
surroundings can be breathtaking. One recent evening, darkness fell on a tumbledown stable
hidden among olive trees on a
hill above the Garden of Gethsemane. Fares Salim, 22, led a
white mare out of her stall and
held the bridle high. Behind them
were the minarets and steeples
of Jerusalems Old City and the
golden Dome of the Rock.
Larger stables dot villages and
towns of every size in the occupied West Bank, and many families raise their own horses.
Trainers like Mr. Hamdan, who
runs a stable with two dozen
horses in Turmusaya, about a
90-minute drive north of Jerusalem, also are paid to get the

horses ready to compete in
shows and races or simply
look good as they canter through
the areas streets, valleys, olive
groves and stony hills.
Some wealthy Palestinians
share the same passion, operating ranches surrounded by little
more than Bedouin shanty towns
and scrubland reminiscent of the
American West, and trainers
race through the landscape with
the abandon of extras in a cowboy movie.
If you dont love horses,
youre not living, said Shadi Abu
Obeid, a businessman who owns
a ranch with 28 horses.
Many Palestinians say that
affection helps them endure life
under Israeli occupation.
Palestinians and Israelis in the
business, as well as foreign trainers and judges who know the
region, say that Arabian horses
have another effect that is almost
magical: They coax Israelis and
Palestinians into the same arenas, where the conflict briefly
melts away and everyone admires the horses as they strut,
dance, gallop and compete for
trophies.
The Arabian horse makes the
world so small and puts people
together, said Renata Schibler, a
Swiss official with the European
Conference of Arab Horse Orga-
A boy walking a certified Arabian purebred named Rawnaq after a ride through the neighborhood of Issawiya.
nizations, who volunteers as a
judge in horse shows essentially, beauty contests in Israel, where both Israeli and
Palestinian horses compete.
The Israelis, Palestinians, sitting together, enjoying the
horses. Its difficult to describe.
Tareq al-Sheikh, the general
manager of a youth sports club
in Jericho that has a full-size
racetrack, training fields and
stalls for 97 horses, said that
enthusiasm has soared in the
past 10 to 15 years. He estimated
that nearly 1,000 families now
keep horses in East Jerusalem
and the West Bank. Other enthusiasts and trainers put the num-
ber in the tens of thousands, but

no one seems to have an official
count.
That day in Issawiya, Ali Attiyah, 13, stood with a group of
friends watching as the cousins
wound through the neighborhoods crowded main market on
their mounts. We know these
guys theyre from the Mustafa
family, Mr. Attiyah said. They
have the best horses!
Riding sparks the same
dreams as sports in any city. On
another day, Rasha Abdeen
explained why she brought her
son, Zain, 10, for lessons at a
training area with wooden
barriers and brightly painted
Alaa Mustafa, 24, preparing to train horses in a stable in Issawiya in East Jerusalem.
tires in Tur. First of all, my son

loves animals, she said. The
second reason is, one day I anticipate my son will be a professional horseman.
The Palestinian brand of horse
expert is short on pastoral
niceties and long on urban brashness. When you bring a kid
from a refugee camp, hes streetsmart, savvy, said Nadar alDemary, a trainer from Jabal
al-Mukaber who works and
teaches at the stable and riding
school in Tur, with a view all the
way to the Dead Sea.
An echo of American urban
culture is hard to miss. Amir
Kartom, 38, who was born and
raised in Chicago but recently
moved to the West Bank to join
family, said he was stabling his
first horse with Mr. Hamdan, in
Turmusaya. I love horses, man,
since the day I was born, Mr.
Kartom said in English.
As a boy, Mr. Hamdan studied
with Michael Byatt, a well-known
trainer and breeder based in
Houston. Reached by telephone,
Mr. Byatt called Mr. Hamdan a
brilliant little kid, recalling that
he had corralled a runaway
horse at a show in Kentucky
before Mr. Byatts staff could
react.
Palestinian horses have begun
turning heads at shows in Israel,
said Eli Kahaloon, who with his
wife, Chen Kedar, owns a wellknown Israeli stable called Ariela
Arabians.
Mr. Kahaloon estimated that of
the 165 or so horses at a show he
attended in northern Israel in
May, 60 percent to 70 percent
were owned by Palestinian citizens of Israel. He said that 10 to
20 horses had arrived from the
West Bank, despite the complexity of obtaining permits and
bringing them through military
checkpoints.
Mr. Kahaloon said that in the
past decade or more,
Palestinians had greatly improved the quality of their stock
by purchasing better horses for
breeding. In the V.I.P. section of
the stands at the show, groups of
Israeli and Palestinian breeders
amiably mingled and cheered for
their respective horses.
The contest had nothing to do
with politics, said Mohammad
Al-Mahdi, a breeder from Jenin,
on the northern West Bank.
Anyone who comes to shows
like this loves the horses.
Human Rights Panel Assails U.N. Missions Accountability in Kosovo

By RICK GLADSTONE
The United Nations received a

stunning rebuke on Wednesday
from a human rights panel
attached to its troubled Kosovo
peacekeeping mission, which described the panels efforts to make
the mission accountable for rights
violations as a total failure.
The 49-page report by the Human Rights Advisory Panel, part
of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, or
Unmik, contains extraordinarily
strong language criticizing the
missions handling of civilian
grievances, including failures to
investigate disappearances and
killings as well as negligence in
the mass lead poisoning of displaced Roma, also known as Gypsies, at United Nations camps.
The reports conclusions are a
potential source of embarrass-
ment for the United Nations,

which regularly assails governments for a lack of accountability
and defends victims whose human rights have been violated in
conflict zones around the world.
Due to Unmiks unwillingness
to follow any of the Panels recommendations and Unmiks general
intransigence, the report said,
the panels own work had obtained no redress for the
complainants.
As such, they have been victimized twice by Unmik: by the
original human rights violations
committed against them and
again by putting their hope and
trust into this process, it said.
Unmik officials had no immediate comment on the report, which
was completed in June and made
public on Wednesday.
The United Nations peacekeep-
ing operation, which oversees Unmik, said in a statement that Unmik values the work of its advisory panel, and noted that the
panel was not a tribunal.
The report is the final annual
one by the three-member panel of
international legal experts, which
ceased operations on July 1.
Now that the Panel has concluded its mandate, putting an
end to an eight-year process of issuing admissibility decisions,
opinions and recommendations,
the Panel is forced to proclaim this
process a total failure, the report
said.
The panel can only wonder
what might have been possible if
Unmik had undertaken to collaborate with the Panel in good faith,
instead of turning this process
into a human rights minstrel
show, it said. Now it apologizes
profusely to the complainants for

its role in this sham.
United Nations peacekeeping
operations are facing scrutiny
over other problems, including
sexual abuse by peacekeepers in
the Central African Republic, a
protracted cholera crisis in Haiti
traced to infected peacekeepers
and accusations that the South Sudan peacekeeping mission has
failed to protect civilians.
The report assailed what it described as a pattern of Unmik dysfunction that stretched back to the
years before the panels creation,
which was meant to address persistent problems at the Kosovo
peacekeeping mission. Unmik
was deployed after war broke out
in 1998 between Serbia and ethnic
Albanian separatists in Kosovo.
In its examination of complaints about Unmik, the panel de-
voted much of its attention to accusations of negligence as hundreds of displaced Roma families
were left in squalid United Nations camps built on land contaminated with lead. The camps were
demolished in 2010.
In a report in April, the panel
found that Unmik had essentially
contributed to the poisoning. It
said Unmik should apologize to
the victims and compensate them.
Dianne Post, a lawyer who represents former residents of the
camps, said in an email that she
agreed completely with the criticism of Unmik.
It is most disheartening when
the very agency that is to stand for
the Rule of Law and bringing
peace and justice to the world
does not itself follow the Rule of
Law or its own mandates on human rights, she said.
CAIRO Hours after being

fired from her job as a presenter
on one of the few remaining television news programs in Egypt critical of the government, Liliane
Daoud found herself on a plane to
Lebanon.
Plainclothes police officers
barged into the Cairo home of Ms.
Daoud, a Lebanese-British journalist, on June 27 and whisked her
to the airport, forcing her to leave
her tearful 11-year-old daughter.
Ms. Daoud was told President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi had personally
ordered her deportation.
They said it didnt matter who
I called, because it was a presidential order, Ms. Daoud said recently, speaking by telephone
from Beirut, the Lebanese capital.
Ms. Daoud is among nearly 500
people mostly activists,
lawyers and reporters who
have been deported, barred from
travel or temporarily detained at
Egyptian airports since Mr. Sisi
came to power in 2013, according
to Daftar Ahwal, a local civil rights
group that monitors the incidents.
Other Egyptian dissidents have
suffered far worse treatment, with
a sharp rise in detentions, torture
and enforced disappearances
over the past year, according to
human rights groups. Even so,
activists say the deportations and
travel bans have become a measure of Mr. Sisis determination to
stifle those critics who are not already in prison.
Typically, many discover that
they have been barred from leaving Egypt only when they turn up
at the airport in Cairo to board an
international flight.
The airport is where you find
out what the authorities have in
mind for you, said Mohamed
Lotfy, the executive director of the
Egyptian Commission for Rights
and Freedoms, a rights group
based in Cairo.
Although Egyptian law states
that a judicial order is required to
prevent a citizen from leaving the
country, many say they were not
shown any such order.
It is intended to humiliate,
said Fahmy Howeidy, a veteran
journalist who was prevented
from boarding a flight to Spain last
year. People stare and other airport employees, who dont understand whats going on, come up
and ask why you are standing
around.
Gamal Eid, one of the countrys
leading rights lawyers, was
barred from travel in February
along with Hossam Bahgat, a
prominent rights activist and investigative journalist. Like many
of those barred, Mr. Eid said he
saw the travel ban as punishment
for his participation in the 2011 uprising that led to the ouster of
President Hosni Mubarak, and as
part of a broader effort to discourage any similar public mobilization in the future.
He said the travel restrictions
also highlighted a major difference in the brands of authoritarianism practiced by Mr.
Sisi and Mr. Mubarak. While Mr.
Mubarak took a hot-and-cold approach to opponents, sometimes
allowing them public space to criticize his rule, Mr. Eid said, Mr. Sisi
and his officials appear to believe
that even small concessions to opponents could be a fatal mistake.
Complicating matters, some of
those targeted by the travel restrictions are not even opponents
of Mr. Sisi, but have instead fallen
foul of other elements of the state
apparatus.
Abdel Halim Kandil, a journalist
who is broadly supportive of Mr.
Sisi and the military, said he had
been turned back at the airport in
Cairo three times in 2015. He said
he believed that the ban had been
instituted by powerful judges in
response to critical comments he
made about the judiciary in 2012.
Everyone with a bit of power in
this country is going after everyone they dislike, it seems, he said.
Mr. Kandil has since acquired a
court order lifting the travel ban,
but it was dismissed by police officials at the airport. They said,
No, we have orders, Mr. Kandil
said. It is confusing.
Not everyone walks free after
being stopped at Egypts airports.
Ismail Alexandrani, a journalist
and researcher who was arrested
at the Hurghada airport in December, is in custody awaiting
trial for spreading false news.
Ms. Daoud, the broadcast journalist, was fired from her post at
the privately owned ONtv channel
just a few weeks after the rising
pro-Sisi businessman, Ahmed
Abou Hashima, bought it. She had
been threatened with deportation
several times in the previous year.
Over that time, members of her
production team were threatened
with arrest, while immigration officials declined to renew her residency in Egypt, citing security
checks, Ms. Daoud said.
I was afraid to travel because I
knew they wouldnt let me back
in, she said.
Declan Walsh contributed reporting.
A9
Progress on Iran Deals Nuclear Provisions, but Little Outside Them

To some degree, the Iranians
had inflated expectations of the
economic benefits. I said to the
Iranians through the negotiations
that we will do everything we
can, said Wendy Sherman, who
was Mr. Kerrys chief negotiator.
But businesses make investments largely by looking at risk.
And if Iran continued to do what it
has been doing in the region, I told
them, the risk profile of investing
there would only reduce so much
even with a deal.
Irans antiquated banking system and politicized justice system
have also made it difficult for companies to return.
So today, there is still risk that
the deal could be upended either by Republicans if Donald J.
Trump is elected, or by Iranians
From Page A1
ment after the dire warnings he
offered in an attempt to sink it.
Yet a year later, the easing of
economic sanctions against Iran
has gone much more slowly than
most Iranians expected, leading
to a sharp decline in popular support for the deal and the government of President Hassan
Rouhani, which staked its political
future on the negotiation.
And that in turn threatens the
biggest bet of the deal: that Washingtons fraught relationship with
Iran would begin to turn, as it has
with Cuba and Myanmar. Mr. Obamas top aides say it is far too early
for that; the moment will come,
they argue, only after the death of
the supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali
Khamenei. Even then, there is no
assurance hard-liners will not prevail in the struggle for influence
inside Iran.
Its complicated, Secretary of
State John Kerry, who staked
much of his reputation on the deal,
acknowledged over the course of
two recent conversations, one in
Warsaw during a NATO summit
meeting, and a follow-up discussion in Washington. Without this
agreement there would be no
chance of talking or having this
conversation with Iran, Mr.
Kerry said. Wed be talking
about, O.K., what is next in the
confrontation route?
Mr. Kerry cited Irans participation in the effort to bring about a
cease-fire in Syria one that critics view as a cynical effort to extend Mr. Assads rule and the
quickness with which Iran released American sailors after it
seized them in the Persian Gulf in
January as some of the positive
results of the relationship.
But he also acknowledged that
forces in Iran that didnt want the
agreement in the first place were
doing all they could to stoke terrorism and press ahead on other
ways to challenge the United
States and Saudi Arabia, both of
which are regularly denounced in
Iran. Missile tests, cyberattacks
and support of the militant group
Hezbollah are not covered in the
nuclear agreement.
It is a measure of the ugly tone,
in both nations, that all talk of Mr.
Kerry visiting Tehran before the
end of Mr. Obamas term is now
dead. Its not even under discussion, said Mr. Kerry, in a tone that
contrasted sharply with his optimism a year ago, when the
agreement was struck.
He added, Im not sure they
After optimism a year

ago, an ugly tone in
both nations.
POOL PHOTO BY BRENDAN SMIALOWSKI
Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif of Iran, center left, and Secretary of State John Kerry during nuclear talks last year.
would even want me to come at
this moment, because of the perception in Iran that the long-anticipated result of the deal a freeing up of tens of billions of dollars
in frozen assets, a flood of investment and an economic boom
was a false hope. He added, Ive
got much bigger fish to fry than
that right now, a striking comment given the centrality of the
Iran deal to Mr. Obamas and Mr.
Kerrys legacies.
Few national security issues divided Washington like the nuclear
deal, reached a year ago Thursday
in Vienna. Every Republican in
Congress who voted on the agreement opposed it. A year later, the
battle continues. The House recently passed, overwhelmingly,
an amendment to block a $17.6 billion deal for Boeing to sell aircraft
to Iran Air. It would be the largest
transaction between the United
States and Iran since the hostage
crisis 37 years ago.

Yet the congressional action
has caused frustration in the aviation industry, because everyone
agrees that if the Boeing deal falls
through, Airbus will get Iran Airs
business. And it has become a
symbol in Iran of an American effort to undermine the sanctions
relief negotiated under the agreement.
Congress has also threatened to
block Irans access to the American financial system, a way of
neutralizing the sanctions relief.
(The White House has threatened
to veto both measures.) And opponents have objected to the Energy
Departments quiet decision to
purchase heavy water used in
plutonium production from
Iran to get it out of the country.
While many Republicans complain that the Iranians will profit
from the sale, the Russians
profited far more when the United
States bought its excess weapons

material and converted it into fuel
for nuclear power.
However complex the politics of
the agreement are in the United
States, they are more divisive in
Tehran. The Iranian foreign minister who negotiated the accord
with Mr. Kerry, Mohammad Javad
Zarif, is frequently on the phone
with him they talked Tuesday
complaining that the implementation of sanctions relief is
happening entirely too slowly.
While congressional Republicans often refer to a $150 billion
giveaway to the Iranians an
overly high estimate of what the
Treasury says is $50 billion of Iranian-owned assets scheduled to
be unfrozen in return for the nuclear concessions the reality is
quite different. Only a fraction of
that $50 billion has actually been
returned. (The State Department
and the Treasury will not say how
much, apparently to keep from

further inflaming public opinion in
Iran.)
A recent poll of slightly more
than 1,000 Iranians, a small sample, showed that 72 percent now
have little confidence the United
States will live up to its side of the
bargain. That seems to reflect anecdotal evidence in Tehrans markets that the agreement has been
a
disappointment,
because
investors have not flocked back to
the country and banks have been
reluctant to resume normal activities.
It is a perception Mr. Kerry has
been spending much of the past
year trying to change, meeting
with European bankers, among
others, to allay fears that if they
resume business with Iran the
United States will impose billions
of dollars in penalties on them, as
happened when predeal sanctions
were in effect.
who claim the United States is

backing away from commitments
and use that to undercut Mr. Zarif
and Mr. Rouhani.
There are other risks. While
Iran has not seriously tested the
limits of the agreement, it made
an effort, several months ago, to
purchase carbon fiber from Germany, a high-technology product
used in the production of advanced rotors for centrifuges that
purify uranium. The deal was
quickly halted.
For Mr. Obama, perhaps the
most immediate benefit of the
deal is what is not happening in
the Middle East a race for nuclear weapons. A recent study for
the Brookings Institution by two
former administration proliferation experts, Robert Einhorn and
Richard Nephew, concluded that
one of the great benefits of the
deal is that it has quashed talk of
an arms race in the Middle East.
So for Mr. Obama and Mr. Kerry,
the Iran deal a year later looks
largely successful, at least by the
strict measurements of the deal itself. Whether it succeeds at its
larger task, fundamentally changing the relationship with Tehran,
is largely out of American control.
The deal itself, Mr. Kerry argues, accomplished its primary
goal preventing a war triggered
by Irans nuclear advances. He
added, Whats beyond that, I
dont know.
A10
BRITAIN TRANSITION
Incoming Prime Minister Appoints Brexit Supporters to Key Posts

Foreign Minister
Is Boris Johnson
By STEPHEN CASTLE
and SEWELL CHAN
LONDON After a startlingly

swift transfer of power that made
her Britains prime minister, Theresa May took charge of a new
government on Wednesday, vowing to honor the referendum to
leave the European Union and
naming Boris Johnson, the former
London mayor who had been
widely considered politically
dead, as foreign minister.
Mr. Johnson had been at the
forefront of the so-called Leave
campaign, but after its triumph
abruptly pulled out of the contest
to succeed Prime Minister David
Cameron, who left office earlier
Wednesday.
Speaking as she arrived at the
prime ministers office at 10 Downing Street, Ms. May, 59, who had
served for six years as home secretary, sought to position herself
firmly in the tradition of one nation Conservatism, stressing her
commitment to helping the underprivileged and pledging to fight
burning injustice. She also
promised to preside over an economy that benefits everyone.
As we leave the European Union we will forge a bold new positive role for ourselves in the
world, and we will make Britain a
country that works not just for a
privileged few but for every one of
us, Ms. May said, as her husband,
Philip, stood nearby.
Another notable appointment
was that of David Davis, a former
minister for Europe and a longstanding Euroskeptic, to lead a
new department responsible for
exiting the European Union. Liam
Fox, a former defense secretary,
will take charge of international
trade.
Ms. May has effectively handed
Mr. Johnson, Mr. Davis and Mr.
Fox the responsibility for successfully carrying out the withdrawal
known as Brexit which they
repeatedly promised would yield
new opportunities.
Putting crucial international
portfolios firmly in the hands of
Brexit supporters was perhaps an
astute move for Ms. May, who had
argued, tepidly, for Britain to remain in the European Union.
Not only do the appointments
appear to reflect a desire to unite
her party around the outcome of
the June 23 vote, they may also be
calculated to head off any suggestion from right-wingers that she
might not follow the will of the
voters.
Even so, Mr. Johnsons elevation to such a prestigious post represents a remarkable change of
STEFAN WERMUTH/REUTERS
Britains departing prime minister, David Cameron, his wife, Samantha, and their children outside 10 Downing Street on Wednesday, his last day in office.
fortunes in a career that has had
its share of them. He played a key
role in the extraordinary national
dramas of the last few months,
abandoning Mr. Cameron, who
desperately tried to keep Britain
in the European Union, and cheerfully becoming the public face of
the Brexit campaign.
Yet when Mr. Cameron announced his resignation after the
referendum, Mr. Johnsons hopes
of succeeding him as Conservative Party leader were undermined by another Brexit supporter, Justice Secretary Michael
Gove, who threw aside his support for Mr. Johnson and announced his own candidacy. Mr.
Gove argued that Mr. Johnson
was not up to the job.
Ms. May herself recently
mocked Mr. Johnsons negotiating
skills over Londons purchase of
used German water cannons
when he was mayor. She blocked
the use of the cannons, citing fears
that they could cause serious injuries.
Among other appointments,
Ms. May promoted Amber Rudd,

former energy secretary, to home
secretary. That ensures that one
of the biggest political offices
and Ms. Mays old job remains
in the hands of a woman. The new
prime minister chose Philip Hammond, who had been foreign secretary, as chancellor of the Exchequer, replacing George Osborne, a close Cameron ally.
Ms. May moved into 10 Downing Street after a day of political
ritual that saw Mr. Cameron address lawmakers for the last time
as prime minister, before tendering his resignation to Queen Elizabeth II.
Only on Monday did Ms. May
learn that she would become
prime minister, when the last remaining contender to lead the
governing Conservative Party,
Andrea Leadsom, quit the race.
Ms. May takes over at a time of
acute political turmoil and economic uncertainty and is the 13th
prime minister to serve this queen
the first was Winston Churchill.
Ms. Mays task is more formida-
ble than that of most of her

predecessors. She must chart a
course that unites her Conservative Party and takes Britain out of
the European Union, while limiting the effect of withdrawal on an
economy already heading for a
downturn and bruised by a slump
in the value of its currency.
The Brexit referendum divided
the nation, with the majority of
voters in a number of less affluent
areas opting to quit the bloc, while
most of those in London, Scotland
and Northern Ireland took the opposite view. On Monday, Ms. May
outlined some of the economic
changes she hopes to make,
speaking about taming excessive
executive pay, and arguing that
big multinational companies must
pay their fair share in taxes.
Just an hour or so before Ms.
May spoke outside 10 Downing
Street on Wednesday, Mr. Cameron stood in the same spot, flanked
by his wife, Samantha, and their
three children, paying tribute to
his family and his key staff members who had supported him.
It has been the greatest honor

of my life to serve our country as
prime minister over these last six
years, and to serve as the leader of
my party for almost 11 years, Mr.
Cameron said. My only wish is
continued success for this great
country that I love so very much.
Mr. Cameron cited the nations
economic recovery as his top legacy. With the deficit cut by twothirds, two and a half million more
people in work and one million
more businesses, there can be no
doubt that our economy is immeasurably stronger, he said.
He also cited among his accomplishments the legalization of
same-sex marriage, in 2013;
changes to the education system;
and reduced wait times for operations in Britains National Health
Service.
Im delighted that for the second time in British history, the
new prime minister will be a woman, and once again a Conservative, Mr. Cameron said. I believe
Theresa will provide strong and
stable leadership in fulfilling the

Conservative manifesto on which
we were elected, and I wish her
well in negotiating the best possible terms for Britains exit from
the European Union.
Hours earlier, in his final parliamentary duty, Mr. Cameron took
part for the last time in prime ministers questions, the weekly ritual
in which lawmakers interrogate
the leader in often combative exchanges.
On Wednesday, the discussion
was more respectful and lighthearted than usual, as Mr.
Camerons political adversaries
and allies paid tribute to him.
Im told that there are lots of
leadership roles out there at the
moment: theres the England football team, theres Top Gear,
theres even across the big pond
the role that needs filling, Danny
Kinahan, a lawmaker from Northern Ireland, told Mr. Cameron jokingly, referring to Britains soccer
team, a wildly popular BBC television show and the United States
presidential election.
New British Premier, Hard Working and Not Flashy, Has Safe Pair of Hands
From Page A1
the referendum on keeping Britain in the European Union and
quit.
Ms. May, who had been home
secretary, is considered a safe
pair of hands, not flashy and even
dull, who seems to be a candidate
of continuity. But the countrys
dire circumstances may demand
more. And Ms. May, a traditional
economic and social conservative
in many respects, has signaled a
desire to give her party a new focus on the need to build a fairer society.
With Britain deeply divided
over its decision to leave the European Union, its place in the world
in flux, its unity threatened by
calls for Scottish independence
and its economy at risk, the times
may require that Ms. May be both
steady and bold.
Her six-year tenure at the
Home Office showed her to be a
tough operator and put her in
charge of a number of flash-point
issues. She demanded police reforms to reduce racial profiling.
She helped push through surveillance policies that had to balance
fears of terrorism against civil liberties and confronted public pressure to reduce immigration, failing to meet government targets
for doing so. If sometimes at odds
with Mr. Camerons inner circle
she was a quiet critic of the governments budget austerity she
nonetheless built a reputation as
smart and competent.
Damian Green, who worked for
her as Home Office minister until
2014, said that Theresa doesnt do
verbiage, doesnt do speeches for
the sake of making speeches. One
of her virtues is that when she
says something today she means
it tomorrow.
But she will have to bind a badly
torn party in which she has won
esteem but few close friends. She
will also have to juggle competing
priorities in negotiating the withdrawal from the European Union
under the watchful eye of Brexit
supporters who remain wary of
her commitment to their cause.
Even though she publicly if tepidly supported remaining in Europe out of loyalty to Mr. Cameron,
saying it would be best for the nations security, at heart she is a
Euroskeptic, said Catherine
Meyer, a former treasurer of the
Conservative Party and a friend of
the Mays. When she says Brexit
means out, she means it.
While respected within the European Union as a tough and unpretentious negotiator, Ms. May
will have to find the right balance
between more controls on immigration that the voters demanded
and at least partial access, if she
can manage it, to the single market of the European Union.
Friends say that her early religious upbringing she is an Anglican but went to a Roman Catholic school has given Ms. May a
moral base, a steady personality
and a feeling for the disadvantaged. Her background has
shaped her into somebody who is
not going to feel sorry for herself
or blame others for her mistakes,
and who finds solace in moving
forward, not to sit but to fight,
said Ms. Meyer, who worked with
Ms. May on a charity for abducted
children.
A young woman who hunched
her shoulders at school to seem
less tall has grown into a proud
master of her responsibilities. She
lives for her work and her husband, a well-off investment
banker, and their time together in
their neat house in Sonning-onThames, in Berkshire, in the heart
of her Maidenhead constituency, a
village she shares with betterknown types like the guitarist
Jimmy Page and George and
Amal Clooney. She likes to cook
and owns more than 100 cookbooks, and will likely be glad that
the Camerons took the heat for remodeling the ancient kitchen at 10
Downing Street.
Mr. Cameron valued her workaholic talents, naming her Home
Office secretary, one of the four
senior cabinet posts, only the second woman to hold the job. Wary
of her quiet ambition and wanting
to protect his own favorite,
George Osborne, the chancellor of
POOL PHOTO BY DOMINIC LIPINSKI
Queen Elizabeth II welcomed Theresa May to Buckingham Palace on Wednesday.

the Exchequer, he never promoted her further. But he did not
demote her, either, even as she
failed to deliver on one of the governments key pledges, to curb immigration. She was famous for
fighting her corner, knowing her
subject and keeping clear of the
Cameron chumocracy.
Ms. May is polite but not
chummy, works late and does not
hang around Parliaments bars.
Her lack of a set of friends was
considered one of her great liabilities in the race to succeed Mr.
Cameron, said Crispin Blunt, a
Conservative member of Parliament who is one of her supporters.
There wasnt an army of mates
for her, he said, but it allows her
now to make appointments to her
government on the basis of her
own priorities and assessments.
In government, sometimes its
difficult to be a woman surrounded by lots of men, said Ms.
Meyer. Like Margaret Thatcher,
she likes the company of men, but
shes capable of putting her fist
down.
Ms. May was co-founder in 2005
of a group called Women2Win,
to elect more women to Parliament and then nurture them,
something that Mrs. Thatcher, the
first woman to lead Britain, was
often criticized for failing to do.
In office, Ms. May has been rigorous, largely sticking to her brief,
which she knew in depth, and not
often consulting cabinet colleagues. One former minister,
Kenneth Clarke, called her a
bloody difficult woman, a description she embraced. She tends
to work alone or with a small number of aides, like Fiona Hill and
Nick Timothy, and has a tendency
to micromanage, a senior civil servant said, asking for anonymity.
After two failed attempts, she
was elected to Parliament in 1997.
In 2002, when chosen to chair the
party, Ms. May gave a speech
about the need to reach out to the
less fortunate. Our base is too
narrow and so, occasionally, are
our sympathies, she said. You
know what some people call us?

The nasty party. I know thats unfair, you know thats unfair, but its
the people out there that we have
to convince.
In 2014, she again earned attention for taking on the powerful police union, the Police Federation,
limiting stop and search because of racial bias and imposing
elected oversight commissions on
the police. To a stunned conference of police, she said: The federation was created by an act of
Parliament and it can be reformed
by an act of Parliament. If you do
not change of your own accord we
will impose change on you.
Among her most controversial
acts was helping to push through
a so-called snoopers charter,
giving the police and security
services new powers in a world of
digital communications and terrorism. After criticism that the
measure impinged too much on
civil liberties and individual
rights, she agreed to some
changes.
Ms. May has been compared to

Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany both daughters of Protestant clergymen, both with quiet,
private husbands, both without
children, both hardworking and
rather distant. Ms. May clearly
sees the similarities, including being underestimated by men.
If you look at somebody like
Angela Merkel and think of what
shes actually achieved, you know,
there are still people who dont
rate her, are a bit dismissive, perhaps because of the way she looks
and dresses, Ms. May said in a
2012 interview with the Daily Telegraph. What matters is, what has
she actually done? And, when you
look at her abilities in terms of negotiation, and steering Germany
through a difficult time, then hats
off to her.
She has only rarely spoken publicly about her personal life,
though it briefly became a campaign issue when one of her challengers,
Angela
Leadsom,
seemed to suggest that she had a
greater stake in Britains future
because she has children and Ms.
May does not.
You look at families all the time
and you see there is something
there that you dont have, Ms.
May said in the 2012 interview
with The Daily Telegraph, when
asked about not having children.
You accept the hand life deals
you. Ms. May took the same attitude to her diagnosis of diabetes,
for which she said she gave herself four injections a day. Just get
on and deal with it, she said.
She has made a calculated effort to show some inner life and
spark by her choice of clothes, especially her kitten-heeled animalprint shoes, which the British
press chronicles avidly. You can
be clever and like clothes, she has
said. One of the challenges for
women in politics is to be ourselves.
When asked on Desert Island
Discs what single novel she
wanted as a castaway, she answered, Pride and Prejudice.
And her single luxury? A lifetime
subscription to Vogue.
A11
China Flexes Its Muscles

In Protest of Sea Ruling
A Territorial Dispute With the Philippines
By JANE PERLEZ
BEIJING A day after an international tribunal rejected Chinas claims in the South China Sea,
Beijing excoriated the panel and
sent two civilian planes to artificial islands it occupies in the waterway to demonstrate control.
But the government stopped
short on Wednesday of sending
warships to the area, and there
were signs of limits to how far it
was prepared to go in whipping up
anger against the Philippines,
which won almost all the arguments in the case it brought
against China in The Hague.
The lack of protests around the
Philippine Embassy in Beijing signaled that China was preparing at
some point to negotiate with the
new president, Rodrigo Duterte,
who has been friendlier toward
Beijing than his predecessor, Benigno S. Aquino III, who initiated
the case.
In repudiating Chinas sweeping claims over the South China
Sea, the tribunal handed the government a credibility problem not
only abroad but also at home
where the population has been
treated to a steady diet of Chinese
invincibility over the waterway.
Chinese news media were full of
declarations on Wednesday that
Beijing, which had refused to participate in the proceedings, would
not abide by what it called an illegal ruling. Under the law of the
sea treaty that China has ratified,
the decision is legally binding, but
there is no mechanism to enforce
it.
The most damning aspect of the
report was the finding that China
had no historical rights over the
sea. There was no evidence, the
panel concluded, that China had
Signals that Beijing

may be prepared to
negotiate.
ever exercised exclusive control
of the waterway.
One of the enduring lessons
Chinese schoolchildren are taught
is that the South China Sea has belonged to China since ancient
times, a nostrum that President Xi
Jinping repeated to state media
several hours after the decision
was made public.
To drive home the point, Mr. Xis
portrait was shown in a particularly prominent position on the
front page of Wednesdays edition
of the English-language state-run
newspaper, China Daily, above the
papers name.
A map of China with the ninedash line marking its territory
appeared in many state media
outlets, with the caption not one
dot less. The line encircles about
90 percent of the South China Sea,
an area as big as Mexico.
To demonstrate that Chinas occupation of two artificial islands in
the Spratly archipelago remained
intact, the government sent civilian planes on Wednesday to two
reefs that were at the center of the
arbitration: Subi Reef and Mischief Reef, in the Spratly archipelago.
The tribunal ruled that under
the law the two reefs, which were
built into islands by mammoth
dredging operations, were too
small for China to claim economic
control of the waters around them.
It also said that Mischief Reef was
in Philippine waters.
Yufan Huang contributed research
Chinas national broadcaster,

CCTV, showed footage of the civilian planes and their crew standing
in the sunshine on the runways.
There appeared to be no passengers on the aircraft, emblazoned with the logos of Southern
Airlines and Hainan Airlines.
In another sign intended to
show the Chinese public that the
governments control of the sea
remained untouched, the Peoples
Liberation Army newspaper announced the launch of a new advanced missile destroyer. The
navy will soon receive a massive
number of destroyers that would
protect Chinas maritime interests, CCTV said.
A fierce attack on the credentials of the tribunal itself was led
by the deputy foreign minister,
Liu Zhenmin, who lashed out at
the judges and experts who decided the case, calling them biased and anti-Asian.
Do they know about Asia? he
asked at a news conference on
Wednesday. Do they know about
Asias culture? Do they know
about the South China Sea issue?
He continued: Do they understand the complex regional politics in Asia? Do they realize the
history of the South China Sea?
How on earth could they deliver a
just award.
The panel consisted of five legal
experts on the law of the sea from
France, Germany, Poland, the
Netherlands and Ghana.
One of Mr. Lius complaints was
that four members of the panel
were appointed by Judge Shunji
Yanai, a former Japanese ambassador to the United States, and a
lawyer who was the president of
the International Tribunal on the
Law of the Sea in 2013 when the
Philippines started the case.
Normally in a case that is to be
heard by a five-member panel,
each side chooses two members
and the sea tribunal chooses one,
experts on the treaty said.
In the South China Sea case, the
Philippines appointed one judge
from Germany.
In an effort to not have a disproportionate number of members
appointed by its side, the Philippines asked Mr. Yanai to appoint
the remaining four, said Markus
Gehring, a law-of-the-sea expert
and lecturer in law at the University of Cambridge.
Mr. Liu cast aspersions on Mr.
Yanai saying he was an ally of the
Japanese prime minister, Shinzo
Abe, a conservative politician
whom the Chinese government often criticizes.
The deputy foreign minister
also attacked the tribunal over the
fees for their services, which had
been paid by the Philippines.
In both commercial and international arbitration cases, including law of the sea matters, it was
normal practice for the two sides
to pay for the fees of the arbitrators, and other expenses such as
court reporters, and information
technology, Mr. Gehring said.
China declined to pay its costs
for the case, so the Philippines did,
the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, which administered the case, noted on its website.
The Permanent Court of Arbitrations bills to the parties had to
be paid, said Paul S. Reichler, the
chief counsel for the Philippines.
Because China ignored them, the
Philippines had no choice but to
pay Chinas share as well. That is
what happens when one of the
parties refuses to pay its share,
and the other party wants the arbitration to proceed.
He called the five jurists among
the most honorable and distinguished in the world.
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OF TAIWAN, VIA EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Tsai Ing-wen, the president of Taiwan, addressed sailors before sending them to patrol near Itu Aba, also known as Taiping Island.
Taiwan Objects to South China Sea Decision

By AUSTIN RAMZY
HONG KONG Taiwan is an

often-overlooked player in the debate over control of the South
China Sea, where its emphasis on
multilateral negotiations tends to
be drowned out by the bold claims
of China, which considers Taiwan
part of its territory and tries to
limit its voice in world affairs.
But after an international tribunal broadly rejected Chinas
claims to the strategic waterway,
Taiwan reminded the world that it,
too, had a stake in the sea. It denied the tribunals findings soon
after they were released, and on
Wednesday, it sent a warship to
patrol the contested region.
The mission of this voyage is to
display Taiwan peoples resolve in
defending the national interest,
Tsai Ing-wen, the president of Taiwan, said in a speech before the
departure of the ship, a La
Fayette-class frigate. The patrol
had already been scheduled, but
the ships departure was moved
up a day after the tribunals announcement.
Ms. Tsai said the decision on
Tuesday by the tribunal, which
was established by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The
Hague, had gravely harmed Taiwans rights in the South China
Sea, which is also claimed in part
by Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia,
the Philippines and Vietnam.
On paper, Taiwan and China
make the same claims to the
South China Sea. The so-called
nine-dash line that Beijing uses to
claim most of the sea is based on a
map issued in the late 1940s by
Chinas then-Nationalist government, which fled to Taiwan in 1949
after losing a civil war to Mao Zedongs Communists. Since then,
Beijing and the government in
Taiwan the Republic of China,
as it is formally known have
based their claims on the line,
which the tribunal concluded had
no basis in law.
But in recent years, Taiwan has
hedged its support for the line and
emphasized that its claims were
based on land features in the
South China Sea, Lynn Kuok, a
nonresident fellow at the Brookings Institution, said in a 2015 paper. Under the United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea,
claims to bodies of water must be
based on adjoining land.
There is a basic principle in the
Law of the Sea, that land domi-
nates the sea, Ma Ying-jeou, the

president of Taiwan at the time,
said in an interview with The New
York Times in 2014. Thus marine
claims begin with land.
The most severe blow to Taiwans claims in the tribunals findings, analysts and government officials said, was its declaration
that Itu Aba, the largest land feature in the South China Sea, was
not an island that could sustain
human habitation or economic activity. Taiwan has controlled the
110-acre Itu Aba, also known as
Taiping Island, since 1956.
In recent months, Taiwan has
actively promoted its presence on
Itu Aba, inviting journalists and
scholars on inspection trips. Mr.
Ma visited shortly before he left
office in May. The tribunals declaration that it is a rock, not an island, means that Taiwan is entitled to a territorial sea extending
for 12 nautical miles around Itu
Aba, but not a 200-nautical-mile
exclusive economic zone.
China, which considers Taiwan
to be part of its territory with
which it must eventually be
united, has largely backed Taiwans activities in support of its

South China Sea claims. Beijing
views Taiwans position in the
South China Sea as bolstering its
own argument that there is one
China, to which both the mainland
and Taiwan belong.
Chinese people across the
strait are duty-bound and obliged
A territorial issue
that unites longtime
political adversaries.
to jointly preserve the ancestral
land of the Chinese nation, Lu
Kang, a spokesman for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
said on Tuesday in a statement responding to Taiwans criticism of
the arbitration. And Chinese news
outlets broadcast Ms. Tsais announcement of the navy patrol
an unusual amount of attention
for a leader who has faced criticism from Chinese officials and
state news media in recent weeks
over her unwillingness to express
support for the idea of one
China.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
of Taiwan also objected to not having been formally invited to
present its views to the tribunal
and complained that the decision
referred to it as the Taiwan Authority of China.
This inappropriate designation is demeaning to the status of
the R.O.C. as a sovereign state,
the ministry said, using an abbreviation for the Republic of China.
That aspect of Taiwans criticism was not widely acknowledged by China, however. Beijing
tries to minimize Taiwans international recognition or participation in bodies that would elevate
the
islands
status
and
sovereignty. Such pressure has increased under the leadership of
Ms. Tsai, who is far more wary of
cross-strait relations than Mr. Ma
was.
June 2021, 2016

TheTimesCenter
New York City
Thank you.
Many thanks to the guest speakers,
sponsors and attendees who joined
The New York Times Higher Ed
Leaders Forum. We look forward to
reconvening in 2017 and hope youll
join us once again.
WHAT IN THE WORLD
In New Zealand, Rivers and Parks

Are People, Too (Legally, at Least)
By BRYANT ROUSSEAU
Can a stretch of land be a

person in the eyes of the law?
Can a body of water?
In New Zealand, they can. A
former national park has been
granted personhood, and a
river system is expected to
receive the same soon.
The unusual designations,
something like the legal status
that corporations possess,
came out of agreements between New Zealands government and Maori groups. The
two sides have argued for
years over guardianship of the
countrys natural features.
Chris Finlayson, New
Zealands attorney general,
said the issue was resolved by
taking the Maori mind-set into
account. In their worldview, I
am the river and the river is
me, he said. Their geographic region is part and
parcel of who they are.
From 1954 to 2014, Te Urewera was an 821-square-mile
national park on the North

Island, but when the Te Urewera Act took effect, the government gave up formal ownership, and the land became a
legal entity with all the rights,
powers, duties and liabilities of
a legal person, as the statute
puts it.
The settlement is a profound alternative to the human
presumption of sovereignty
over the natural world, said
Pita Sharples, who was the
minister of Maori affairs when
the law was passed.
It was also undoubtedly
legally revolutionary in New
Zealand and on a world scale,
Jacinta Ruru of the University
of Otago wrote in the Maori
Law Review.
Personhood means, among
other things, that lawsuits to
protect the land can be brought
on behalf of the land itself, with
no need to show harm to a
particular human.
Next will be the Whanganui
River, New Zealands third

longest. The local Maori tribe
views it as an indivisible and
living whole, comprising the
river and all tributaries from
the mountains to the sea
and thats what we are giving
effect to through this settlement, Mr. Finlayson said. It is
expected to clear Parliament
and become law this year.
Visitors can still enjoy Te
Urewera the way they could
when it was a park. We want
to welcome people; public
access is completely preserved, Mr. Finlayson said.
But permits for activities like
hunting are now issued by a
board that includes government and Maori
representatives. A similar
board will be set up for the
river.
Could this legal approach
spread beyond New Zealand?
Mr. Finlayson said he had
talked the idea over with
Canadas new attorney general,
Jody Wilson-Raybould.
To watch full panels from

the conference, visit
NYTHigherEdLeaders.com
Presenting Sponsor
Associate Sponsors
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contact Mike Peck at mike.peck@nytimes.com.
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A12
South Korean Villagers

Protest U.S. Defense Plan
By CHOE SANG-HUN
ISSEI KATO/REUTERS
Emperor Akihito, left, with his family, including Crown Prince Naruhito, center, at the Akasaka Palace garden in Tokyo in April.
Japans Emperor Said to Plan to Abdicate

In a Move Not Seen Since 1817, an Intention to Pass the Throne to a Son
By MOTOKO RICH
TOKYO For the first time in

nearly two centuries, an emperor
of Japan has said that he will abdicate the throne before he dies.
According to NHK, the public
broadcaster in Japan, Emperor
Akihito, 82, who in 1989 succeeded
his father, the wartime emperor
Hirohito, told close aides that he
intended to pass the throne to his
son, Crown Prince Naruhito, 56,
before he dies. No modern emperor has done so: The last emperor
to abdicate was Emperor Kokaku,
in 1817.
The emperors role is now entirely ceremonial. Until the end of
World War II, the Japanese public
revered the emperor as a
Makiko Inoue contributed reporting.
demigod, and he served as commander in chief of the army. After

Emperor Hirohito surrendered at
the end of World War II, the countrys American occupiers stripped
him of all political authority. Today, many Japanese still hold the
emperor in high regard.
According to NHK, Emperor
Akihito, who was treated for
prostate cancer in 2003 and underwent heart surgery in 2012,
plans to make a formal announcement shortly.
Its a tiring job, said Robert
Dujarric, director of the Institute
of Contemporary Asian Studies at
Temple University in Tokyo. Hes
getting old.
Emperor Akihito may be trying
to avoid the drama of his own succession. His father was ill for
many years before his death.
This emperor seems to want to
make it easier and make it more

matter of fact, said Sheila A.
Smith, senior fellow for Japan
studies at the Council on Foreign
Relations in Washington.
After the NHK report, however,
the Asahi Shimbun, a left-leaning
newspaper,
reported
that
Shinichiro Yamamoto, deputy director of the Imperial Household
Agency, denied the abdication report, saying that the emperor had
no such intention.
A spokesman for the Imperial
Household Agency could not immediately be reached for comment.
The report of the planned abdication comes just three days after
the Liberal Democratic Party of
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and its
allies won a commanding victory
in parliamentary elections, cap-
turing two-thirds of the seats in

the upper house, the amount required to initiate a constitutional
revision. Mr. Abe has long had an
ambition to overturn the constitutional clause that calls for Japans
complete renunciation of war.
Although the emperor has no official political authority, Prince
Naruhito could offer a counterpoint to Mr. Abes goals. He has repeatedly commended the pacifist
Constitution written by the American occupiers in 1947. On the eve
of his 55th birthday, in 2015, Prince
Naruhito praised the Constitution
and said he wanted to engrave in
the mind the preciousness of the
peace.
For the emperor to abdicate,
Parliament would have to revise
the imperial law, which stipulates
that the throne passes on after the
death of the monarch.
SEOUL, South Korea South

Korea announced on Wednesday
that a rural southern county
would be the site of an advanced
American missile defense battery,
the planned deployment of which
has angered China and North Korea and, now, thousands of local
residents, who demonstrated
against the plan.
Villagers rallied under a sweltering sun to condemn the choice
of their county, Seongju, which is
about 135 miles southeast of Seoul,
the capital, for the so-called Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense
system, known as Thaad. South
Korea and the United States say
the powerful missile and radar
system is needed to defend the
country, and American forces stationed here, against North Korean
missiles, but residents fear it will
threaten their health and ruin
their agricultural economy.
We oppose Thaad with our
lives! the residents chanted,
holding banners that bore the
same slogan. Local political leaders, wearing red headbands,
wrote the same vow in blood after
cutting their fingers, a dramatic
form of protest that has a long history in South Korea.
If we lose our precious land to
Thaad, we will be ashamed before
our ancestors and posterity, Kim
Hang-gon, who oversees the
Seongju county government, told
the crowd, many of them aging
melon farmers, according to the
news agency Yonhap.
The opposition could bode ill for
the American and South Korean
militaries, which hope to install
the Thaad battery by late 2017. In
the past, villagers have joined
forces with environmental and political activists to initiate prolonged and often violent campaigns against new United States
military bases.
Most South Koreans support
the countrys military alliance
with the United States, citing the
need to deter the North. But many
also fear that any expansion of the
American military presence could
worsen tensions with the North
and with China, and in some cases
could damage local ways of life.
After South Korea and the
United States announced the
agreement to deploy Thaad on
Friday, local news reports mentioned Seongju and several other
towns as possible sites. Protests
against Thaad have since been
held in those communities. Some
demonstrators expressed concern that hosting the system could

make their towns high-priority
targets for North Korea in the
event of war.
South Koreas Defense Ministry
said on Wednesday that the Thaad
battery would be installed at an
existing South Korean Air Force
radar and missile base on a mountain in Seongju. The South Korean
unit will be moved elsewhere, it
said.
The deployment in Seongju will
allow the Thaad systems interceptor missiles to protect from
half to two-thirds of the country
from North Korean missiles, the
ministry said. It said the radar
system would be positioned in
such a way that its powerful signals would pose no threat to human health, an assurance that vil-
Fear of an installation
intended to shield the
South from missiles.
lagers in Seongju did not accept.
South Koreans are divided over
the Thaad system, whose deployment has been sought for years by
the United States but angrily opposed by China, South Koreas top
trade partner. China asserts that
it, not the North, is the systems
true target, and Russia has joined
Beijing in contending that its deployment would compromise
their security and worsen tensions in the region, making it even
more difficult to persuade North
Korea to end its pursuit of nuclear
weapons.
On Monday, President Park
Geun-hye said that the deployment neither targets third countries nor undermines their security interests.
Under its deal with Washington, South Korea will provide land
and build the base for the Thaad
battery, but the United States will
pay for the missile system, to be
built by Lockheed Martin, as well
as its operational costs.
On Monday, North Korea
threatened an unspecified physical counteraction against the
Thaad deployment, which it said
was part of an American plan to
build an Asian version of NATO
to secure military hegemony in
the region.
Economy Minister of France

Hints He May Run for President
By ADAM NOSSITER
IN THEATERS
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PARIS The re-election

prospects for Frances weakened
president, Franois Hollande,
clouded further on Tuesday night
as his economy minister, Emmanuel Macron, all but stepped into
the ring against him in next years
presidential elections at a
crowded rally in central Paris.
Mr. Hollandes record-breaking
unpopularity in a country troubled by a stagnant economy and
fears of new terrorist attacks
makes him one of the shakiest of
European leaders.
Already, he has been forced to
agree to a primary among leftist
parties, including his own Socialists, to decide the 2017 candidate
a first for a sitting president.
Polls show him far behind veteran politicians from Frances traditional right. At the same time,
Marine Le Pen of the far-right National Front is steadily advancing
in a climate of rising populism
both in Europe and the United
States.
Now the restive Mr. Macron, 38,
the youngest man in Mr. Hollandes cabinet, can be counted as a
new element in Mr. Hollandes
growing political woes. On Tuesday, he stepped close to the edge
of declaring his own independent
candidacy for next year.
Mr. Macron, a former banker,
has spent two years questioning
Socialist orthodoxy on doctrines
like the 35-hour workweek and
ironclad job protections, and this
spring he founded his own political movement, En Marche, or
On Our Way.
Until government colleagues
began giving him the cold shoulder over his undisguised political
ambitions, he had been the standard-bearer for the pro-capitalism
wing of the Socialists.
But Tuesday night, he cast away
allegiance to the party, and in over
an hour of lofty rhetoric, Mr.
Macron repeatedly suggested in
front of thousands of cheering
supporters that he was the man
to change the country.
He cast himself as an iconoclast
willing to upset the establishment.
En Marche is against the established order, Mr. Macron declared, the one to transform the
country in an era calling for a
fresh breath and when we must
overcome the divisions of the traditional parties. He said that
France had a furious desire for
things to change.
THIBAULT CAMUS/ASSOCIATED PRESS
At 38, the French economy minister, Emmanuel Macron, center, is the youngest man in Franois Hollandes cabinet.
That last point is far from clear.
Throughout the spring and summer, France has been hit by a
wave
of
strikes
and
demonstrations, most supported
by a majority of the population,
protesting a modest economic
overhaul law partly inspired by
Mr. Macrons pro-free-market
ideas.
The limited overhauls he had
earlier proposed opening up intercity bus routes and loosening
restrictions on Sunday work
hours had to be forced through
Parliament last year by the Socialists.
The government is adopting the
same strategy for the current bill
that would further loosen labor
laws, as it is unable to even get a
majority of Socialists in Parliament to support it.
Indeed, angry anti-Macron union demonstrators besieged the
Left Bank meeting hall where the
economy minister spoke Tuesday
night, forcing his supporters to
run a gantlet of police officers and
protesters.
Mr. Macron, repeatedly casting
himself and his movement as
Frances top change agents, called
En Marche an assembly of progressives that believes in liberty and justice.
But the crowd Tuesday night,
which seemed affluent and
monochromatic, did not appear to
reflect the multicultural reality of
urban and suburban France.
Mr. Macron was introduced by
an enthusiastic young woman
who described herself as an entrepreneur who had spent six
years in Silicon Valley.
Mr. Macron has irritated his colleagues with his ambition Its
time for all this to stop, his boss,
Prime Minister Manuel Valls, was
heard muttering Tuesday afternoon and at the rally, the young
minister stopped just short of
gratifying his supporters.
He did not overtly declare his
candidacy, and he did not resign
from the government, as some
within it are saying he must do.
But he came very close. Nothing can stop this movement now,
he said to cheers. This movement, we will carry it together to
2017, and all the way to victory!
he shouted.
And he got in a dig at his other
boss, Mr. Hollande: Our country
is weary of promises that have not
been kept, Mr. Macron said, assuring the crowd he understood
the huge transformations that
were taking place in Frances
economy and society.
But the French political scientist Grard Grunberg underlined
in an interview the difficulty of Mr.
Macrons political position.
It is very difficult for him to go
up against Franois Hollande, he
said. On the other hand, he wants
absolutely to be a candidate. He is
playing double or nothing.
But Mr. Grunberg dismissed
Mr. Macrons strategy of presenting himself as an anti-establishment candidate. Its stupid,
because hes so much a member of
the establishment, he cant play
the populist card, he said, noting
his close connection to the ruling
classes and the difficulty he will
have connecting with the less-exalted in French society.
A13
Families, Friends
And Fellow Officers
Honor the Dead in Dallas
My shifts over in 45 minutes, and
then Ill be home, Mr. Thompson told
his wife, according to Mr. Lamb. He
DALLAS From a young age,
told her he loved her, and thats the
Brent Thompson pushed the bounds
last time that he ever spoke to her.
of life so hard that he almost always
Mr. Thompson leaves behind six
found a way to get hurt.
children from a previous marriage.
There was that time as a youngster
He was a music enthusiast who occawhen he nearly broke his neck playsionally played guitar and would send
ing in a hammock. Or when he
his children songs with his cellphone
wrecked his brothers Mustang after
to see if they could recognize the tune.
begging him for the keys. Or the time
The funeral reflected the nuances
he broke his arm during motorcycle
of the conversation on race and polictraining for the Police Department.
ing
that has enveloped the country.
It was his fearlessness and desire to
The service was held in the Potters
serve his country that led Mr. ThompHouse, the West Dallas megachurch
son to join the Marines and, after rewhere T. D. Jakes is the pastor. A noturning from deployments in Afticeably diverse cast of officers filled
ghanistan and Iraq, to become a pothe seats. Among them was Emily
lice officer, his longtime pastor, Rick
Thompsons patrol partner, a black
Lamb, said Wednesday.
man, who stood next to her as she
So it came as no surprise to people
read her words of remembrance
close to Mr. Thompson, 43, that when
about her husband. As Brenda Lee,
gunfire started ringing out during a
who is black and works for the Transit
protest here last Thursday, he was
Police, sang I Can Only Imagine,
one of the officers running toward the
her voice resonated with a gospel
shooting. This time, however, Mr.
flair. Several people stood, some raisThompson suffered the ultimate injuing their arms in worship, when she
ry. He and four other officers were
hit the long notes. And among the fikilled when a black Army veteran upnal speakers was the chief of the Transet over killings by the police across
sit Police, James D.
the
country
Spiller, who is black.
opened fire, targetTop,
Officer
Kyle
Purdue
of
It was a diverse
ing white officers,
showing in rememLubbock, Tex., after a futhe
authorities
brance of a white
neral in Plano, Tex., for
said.
man from a small
The
grim
Sr. Cpl. Lorne Ahrens. Midtown 55 miles south
process of moving
dle, the coffin of Officer
of Dallas.
forward from one
Brent Thompson was carBrent respected
of Americas deadried in Dallas. Bottom, Heidi and loved all people,
liest mass shootSmith
between
her
daughregardless
of what
ings of police officolor they were,
ters, Victoria, left, and Carcers began on
where they came
oline, center, at the Dallas
Wednesday when
from, Mr. Lamb
Mr.
Thompson,
funeral of her husband, Sgt.
said.
who worked for
Michael J. Smith.
But the reality was
the Dallas Area
that
Wednesdays
Rapid Transit Poservices were taking place beneath a
lice, and Sr. Cpl. Lorne Ahrens of the
cloud of national racial tension, and
Dallas Police Department were given
about 30 miles away from Mr. Thomptheir final send-offs during funerals
sons funeral, F.B.I. agents in camouthat were by turns emotional and
flage and tactical gear were providing
quippy.
security outside Mr. Ahrenss service
A private service was held Wednesin Plano.
day for another Dallas officer, Sgt. MiFriends and colleagues of Mr.
chael J. Smith, and a public memorial
Ahrens, 48, recalled his seemingly
is planned on Thursday. Services for
quixotic journey from his native Los
the fourth victim, Officer Michael
Angeles to Dallas. He drove here with
Krol, will be Friday, and the funeral
nothing but his dog and a few posfor the fifth victim, Officer Patrick Zasessions stuffed into his Toyota.
marripa, will be Saturday.
He slept on the floor of his apartEven as mourners, including hunment early in his police training bedreds of officers who came here from
cause he had no bed. When a woman
across the country, took tentative
named Katrina first approached him,
steps forward, they acknowledged
he was too shy to speak. She later bethe cathartic backdrop against which
came his wife, and they went on to
Wednesdays services took place: in a
have two children.
country rived by a debate over race
Your dad was doing what he was
and policing, upended by vast
supposed to do, the Rev. Rick Owen,
protests and nationwide soul searchsenior
pastor of Mr. Ahrenss church,
ing.
Pathway Church in Burleson, Tex.,
Though Im heartbroken and hurt,
told the fallen officers 10-year-old
Im going to put on my badge and my
daughter and 8-year-old son during
uniform and return to the street along
the service.
with all of my brothers and sisters in
The Dallas mayor and police chief
blue, Mr. Thompsons wife, Emily,
sat in attendance as Mr. Ahrens was
who is also a police officer, said with a
remembered as a lover of guns and
shaky but steely voice. To the cowheavy metal music who did not know
ard that tried to break me and my
his own strength. He once bent a pobrothers and sisters, know your hate
lice car door on accident during trainmade us stronger.
ing.
The couple had married about two
When you were on the radio
weeks before the shooting. Only
screaming for help, you could count
about 12 hours before Mr. Thompson
on
Lorne to be the first to be there, Sr.
was shot, his wife had filed their marCpl. Debbie Taylor said.
riage license with government auThe funerals drew officers from
thorities, Mr. Lamb said. About 8:15
places as far-flung as South Carolina
that night, the couple spoke on the
phone.
By JOHN ELIGON
and PATRICK McGEE
DAVID RYDER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
BRANDON THIBODEAUX FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
POOL PHOTO BY ANDY JACOBSOHN
DALLAS JOURNAL
A Police Force Thats Used to Being in the Spotlight and in Harms Way
By MANNY FERNANDEZ
DALLAS
The officer was
standing in a
hotel cafe here
when he was asked as he no
doubt had been asked dozens of
times since Thursday how he
was doing.
He shook his head. Second
time in 13 months, he said.
The officer was talking about
what happened last year in Dallas. A disturbed man had a
brazen shootout with the Dallas
Police Department on June 13,
2015, driving an armored van to
Police Headquarters, ramming a
patrol car and opening fire on
officers while poking his rifle
through the vans gun portholes.
That is right: Fifty-five weeks
before a lone gunman attacked
police officers on Thursday in
downtown Dallas, another lone
gunman attacked some of those
same police officers last year at
the edge of downtown Dallas.
Both gunmen used Soviet-style
rifles. Both were mobile and
created confusion about whether
there were multiple gunmen.
Both attacks ended in standoffs.
Both gunmen were killed by the
police. Both assaults spread
panic in parts of the city, caused
evacuations and brought a level
of warlike violence to the center
of the countrys ninth-largest city.
One planted homemade explosive devices, but the other may

have just threatened to plant
them.
The first attack began one mile
from the second. The first gunman, James Boulware, 35, was
white. The second, Micah Johnson, 25, was black. Mr. Boulware,
who blamed the police after he
lost full custody of his son after
his arrest in 2013, fired nearly
200 rounds but did not kill or
Under attack twice,

and amid an Ebola
crisis before that.
injure any officers. Mr. Johnson,
driven by his hatred of white
officers, fired perhaps just as
many rounds but killed five
officers and wounded nine.
But there is more: Rewind the
clock a few additional months
from June 2015, to October 2014
during the Ebola crisis. Dallas
was the site of the first three
cases of Ebola confirmed in the
United States. The Dallas police
fought that war, too, helping to
calm the first American city to
contend with a widespread Ebola
public-health emergency. Offi-
cers stood guard outside apartments suspected of being contaminated, the very places many
residents wanted to get far from.
That line that is repeated often
these days that the police run
toward danger as the public runs
away from it applies even
when the danger is invisible.
It is not just the horror of last
Thursday. Not many police
forces have been through what
the one in Dallas has been
through in so brief a time. That
officer in the cafe came under
fire last year from Mr. Boulware,
just as he came under fire on
Thursday from Mr. Johnson, and
yet there he was the other day, in
uniform and on the job. When
people ask how Dallas can recover from the past catastrophic
week, some of the answer lies in
what officers have already been
through.
Its kind of like diamonds,
said Detective Arturo Martinez,
a friend of Officer Patrick Zamarripa, one of the five officers killed
last week. The more pressure
you get, the stronger you get, the
more beautiful you are. No matter how much pressure you put
on us, were just going to get
better.
Detective Martinez, 29, trained
in the police academy in 2009
and 2010 with Officer Zamarripa,
32, a Navy veteran who served in
Iraq. Detective Martinez said his
Detective Arturo Martinez said of Dallas officers, No matter

how much pressure you put on us, were just going to get better.
friend was always down to go
chase the bad guy, one of the
type of officers their peers call
dope chasers.
He added: Its proactive
policing. They like to go out and
seek the drug dealer. He was a
protector.
Detective Martinez attended a
lunch the day after the shooting
at the Dallas offices of the National Latino Law Enforcement
Organization that was organized
as a way for officers to get together, talk and decompress. He
was out of uniform, in a crisp
blue shirt and cowboy boots. It

had been only a few hours since
he left his friends bedside at the
hospital. He had changed shirts.
He had walked into the hospital
room and stood over the body of
his friend, angry, sad, in disbelief.
I took my shirt off and I
cleaned his face off, Detective
Martinez said. I didnt like all
the blood on his face. I didnt
want to see him like that.
On Monday night, Detective
Martinez was part of the sea of
blue at a candlelight vigil outside
City Hall. Everyones hands were
sticky by the end of the event

from the dripping wax. Another
officer, Officer Jorge Barrientos,
walked up to the detective. They
embraced.
Officer Barrientoss left hand
was wrapped in a bandage. He is
one of the wounded.
Officer Barrientos was with
Officer Zamarripa and other
officers who had been spread out
across the intersection of Main
and Lamar Streets before the
gunfire rang out. Officer Barrientos, a four-year veteran of the
department, chose his words
carefully and slowly.
I took a round to the hand and
I took some shrapnel to the
chest, he said. He was about 10
feet from Officer Zamarripa
when shots rang out.
We were taking fire, Officer
Barrientos said. I saw my buddies go down and I did my best
to try and save them and evacuate them from the scene so that
they could have a chance of
surviving.
He put pressure on Officer
Zamarripas wounds. But he used
only one hand, he said. Im
helping Zamarripa but at the
same time, I have my gun out on
the other hand, trying to help
make sure that we can stop the
threat, he said. In the chaos of
the moment, Officer Barrientos
was a lot like his city.
Wounded. But fighting.
A14
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
ELECTION
2 016
Trump Mines Grievances of White Americans Who Feel Lost

From Page A1
and inclusion, some students embrace
Mr. Trump as a way of rebelling against
the intricate rules surrounding privilege
and microaggression, and provoking the
keepers of those rules.
Among older whites unsettled by new
Spanish-speaking neighbors, or suspicious of the faith claimed by their countrys most bitter enemies, his name is a
call to arms.
On the internet, Mr. Trump is invoked
by anonymous followers brandishing
stark expressions of hate and antiSemitism, surprisingly amplified this
month when Mr. Trump tweeted a
graphic depicting Hillary Clintons face
with piles of cash and a six-pointed star
that many viewed as a Star of David.
I think what we really find troubling
is the mainstreaming of these really offensive ideas, said Jonathan Greenblatt,
the national director of the Anti-Defamation League, which tracks hate groups.
Its allowed some of the worst ideas into
the public conversation in ways we
havent seen anything like in recent
memory.
Mr. Trump declined to be interviewed
for this article, and his spokesman declined to comment.
Outside a former aircraft factory in
Bethpage, N.Y., not far from a strip of halal butchers and Indian restaurants now
known as Little India, a Long Island
housewife who gave her name as Kathy
Reb finished a cigarette on a spring
evening. Nervously, she explained how
she had watched the complexion of her
suburb outside New York City change.
Everyones sticking together in their
groups, she said, so white people have
to, too.
The resentment among whites feels
both old and distinctly of this moment. It
is shaped by the reality of demographic
change, by a decade and a half of war in
the Middle East, and by unease with the
newly confident and confrontational activism of young blacks furious over police violence. It is mingled with patriotism, pride, fear and a sense that an
America without them at its center is not
really America anymore.
In the months since Mr. Trump began
his campaign, the percentage of Americans who say race relations are
worsening has increased, reaching
nearly half in an April poll by CBS News.
The sharpest rise was among Republicans: Sixty percent said race relations
were getting worse.
And Mr. Trumps rise is shifting the
countrys racial discourse just as the millennial generation comes fully of age,
more and more distant from the horrors
of the Holocaust, or the governmentsanctioned racism of Jim Crow.
Some are elated by the turn. In making
the explicit assertion of white identity
and grievance more widespread, Mr.
Trump has galvanized the otherwise
marginal world of avowed white nationalists and self-described race realists.
They hail him as a fellow traveler who
has driven millions of white Americans
toward an intuitive embrace of their
ideals: that race should matter as much
to white people as it does to everyone
else. He has freed Americans, those
activists say, to say what they really believe.
The discussion that white Americans
never want to have is this question of
identity who are we? said Richard
Spencer, 38, a writer and an activist
whose Montana-based nonprofit is dedicated to the heritage, identity and future of people of European descent in
the United States. He is bringing identity politics for white people into the public sphere in a way no one has.
STEPHEN CROWLEY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
In a country where most of the powerful people are white, Donald J. Trump is voicing the anger of whites who feel powerless.
that whites have come to see anti-white

bias as more prevalent than anti-black
bias, and that they think further black
progress is coming at their expense. On
talk radio and Fox News, complaints
about bigotry are routinely dismissed as
a mere hustle blacks playing the race
card or being racist themselves. And
during Mr. Obamas presidency, whites
have increasingly seen his policies as
freighted with preference toward blacks,
according to data collected by Michael
Tesler, a political scientist at the University of California, Irvine.
Mr. Tesler used polling questions
about the causes and depth of racial inequality such as whether blacks suffer
greater poverty because of discrimination or lack of effort to classify people
as either racial conservatives or racial liberals. During Mr. Obamas two
terms, Mr. Tesler found, racial liberals
accelerated their migration to the
Democratic Party. As the 2016 campaign

began, the Republican Party was not just
the party of most white voters. It was
also, to use Mr. Teslers phrase, the party
of racial conservatism.
Few politicians were better prepared
than Mr. Trump to harness these shifts.
While open racism against blacks remains among the most powerful taboos
in American politics, Americans feel
more free expressing worries about illegal immigrants and dislike of Islam, survey research shows. In Mr. Trumps
hands, the two ideas merged: During Mr.
Obamas presidency, he has become
Americas most prominent birther,
loudly questioning Mr. Obamas American citizenship and suggesting he could
be Muslim.
When Mr. Obama ran for re-election,
few Americans said they disapproved of
him because of his race. But they were
comfortable citing his supposed religion.
In 2012, according to surveys conducted

for the Cooperative Congressional Election Study, a majority of Mitt Romneys
voters said Mr. Obamas religion made
them less likely to vote for him. Almost
all of these voters believed he was not
Christian, an opinion that closely correlated with conservative racial attitudes
found in Mr. Teslers research.
Mr. Trump is speaking an anti-other
message that Obamas foreign, which
is mixed in with being black, and perceptions that he is Muslim, Mr. Tesler said.
It is a catchall for expressing ethnocentric opposition to Obama, without saying
youre against him because hes black.
A Vague Refrain: I Disavow

In June 2015, two weeks after Mr.
Trump entered the presidential race, he
received an endorsement that would end
most campaigns: The Daily Stormer em-
Immigration Fears
Another Republican once sounded
alarms about globalization, unchecked
immigration and the looming obsolescence of European-American culture.
But in two bids for the Republican nomination, that candidate, Patrick J. Buchanan, won a total of four states. Mr.
Trump won 37.
Mr. Buchanans 1992 and 1996 campaigns were dismissed as a political and
intellectual dead end for Republicans.
I said, Look, were the white party,
Mr. Buchanan said in an interview from
his Virginia home, recalling his attacks
on multiculturalism and non-European
immigration. If this continues, were
going the way of the Whigs. Everyone
said, Thats a terrible thing to say.
Mr. Buchanan was campaigning
against a backdrop of overwhelming
white political and cultural dominance in
America. But in the years that followed,
the number of immigrants living in the
United States illegally would double and
then triple, before leveling off under the
Obama administration around 11 million.
Deindustrialization, driven in part by
global trade, would devastate the economic fortunes of white men accustomed
to making a decent living without a
college degree.
Demographers began to speak of a
not-too-distant future when non-Hispanic whites would be a minority of the
American population. In states like
Texas and California, and in hundreds of
cities and counties around the country,
that future has arrived.
It is the changes that are taking place
that have created the national constituency for Donald Trump, Mr. Buchanan
said.
For many Americans, President Obamas election, made possible in part by
the rising strength of nonwhite voters,
signaled a transcendent moment in the
countrys knotty racial history. But for
some whites, the election of the countrys
first black president was also a powerful
symbol of their declining pre-eminence
in American society.
Work by Michael I. Norton, a professor
at Harvard Business School, suggests
TIM GOESSMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
He is bringing identity politics for white people into the public sphere.
RICHARD SPENCER, president of the National Policy Institute, a white-supremacist nonprofit
JUSTIN T. GELLERSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Ordinary white people dont want the neighborhood to turn Mexican.

JARED TAYLOR, editor of the online magazine American Renaissance
braced his candidacy.

Founded in 2013 by a neo-Nazi named
Andrew Anglin, The Daily Stormer is
among the most prominent online gathering places for white nationalists and
anti-Semites, with sections devoted to
The Jewish Problem and Race War.
Mr. Anglin, 31, explained that although he
had some disagreements with him, Mr.
Trump was the only candidate willing to
speak the truth about Mexicans.
Trump is willing to say what most
Americans think: Its time to deport
these people, Mr. Anglin wrote. He is
also willing to call them out as criminal
rapists, murderers and drug dealers.
Mr. Trumps campaign electrified the
world of white nationalists. They had
long been absent from mainstream politics, taking refuge at obscure conferences and in largely anonymous havens
online. Most believed that the Republican Party had been subverted and captured by liberal racial dictums.
Many in this new generation of nationalists shun the trappings of old-fashioned white supremacy, appropriating
the language of multiculturalism to recast themselves as white analogues to
La Raza and other civil rights organizations. They call themselves race realists or identitarians conservatives
for whom racial heritage is more important than ideology.
But across this spectrum, in Mr.
Trumps descriptions of immigrants as
vectors of disease, violent crime and social decay, they heard their own dialect.
Mr. Spencer, a popular figure in the
white nationalist world, said he did not
believe that Mr. Trump subscribed to his
entire worldview. But he was struck that
Mr. Trump seemed to understand and
echo many of his groups ideas intuitively, and take them to a broader audience.
I dont think he has thought through
this issue in a way that I and a number of
people have, Mr. Spencer said. I think
he is reacting to the feeling that he has
lost his country.
This year, for the first time in decades,
overt white nationalism re-entered national politics. In Iowa, a new super
PAC paid for pro-Trump robocalls featuring Jared Taylor, a self-described race
realist, and William Johnson, a white nationalist and the chairman of the American Freedom Party. (We dont need
Muslims, Mr. Taylor urged recipients of
the calls. We need smart, well-educated
white people who will assimilate to our
culture. Vote Trump.) David Duke, the
Louisiana lawmaker turned anti-Semitic
radio host, encouraged listeners to vote
for Mr. Trump.
Modern political convention dictates
that candidates receiving such embraces
instantly and publicly spurn them. In
2008, when it was revealed that a minister who endorsed the Republican
nominee, Senator John McCain, had
made anti-Semitic and anti-Muslim remarks, Mr. McCain forcefully repudiated
them.
Mr. Trump did something different.
Asked about the robocall, Mr. Trump
seemed to sympathize with its message
while affecting a vague half-distance.
Nothing in this country shocks me; I
would disavow it, but nothing in this
country shocks me, Mr. Trump told a
CNN anchor. People are angry.
Pressed, Mr. Trump grew irritable,
saying: How many times you want me
to say it? I said, I disavow.
Asked six weeks later about Mr.
Dukes support, he said he had been unaware of it: David Duke endorsed me?
O.K. All right. I disavow, O.K.? Later, on
Twitter, he repeated the phrase: I disavow.
Mr. Trump has often used those words
when confronted by reporters. The
phrase is comfortingly nonspecific, a disavowal of everything and nothing. And
whatever Mr. Trumps intentions, it has
been powerfully reassuring to people on
the far right.
Theres no direct object there, Mr.
ELECTION
Spencer said. Its kind of interesting,
isnt it?
Mr. Trumps new supporters took his
approach as a signal of support. In an interview on a pro-white radio show
called The Political Cesspool, Mr. Johnson, of the American Freedom Party,
praised Mr. Trumps handling of the controversy.
He disavowed us, Mr. Johnson acknowledged, but he explained why
there is so much anger in America that I
couldnt have asked for a better approach from him.
Mr. Taylor, who has written that blacks
left entirely to their own devices are incapable of civilization, and whose magazine, American Renaissance, once published an essay arguing that blacks were
genetically more prone to crime, wrote
on his blog that Mr. Trump had handled
the attacks on him in the nicest way.
Like others in his world, Mr. Taylor
does not know if Mr. Trump agrees with
him on everything. In an interview, he
suggested that it did not really matter,
and that Mr. Trump was expressing the
discomfort many white people felt about
other races.
Ordinary white people dont want the
neighborhood to turn Mexican, Mr. Taylor said, adding, They just realize that
large numbers of Mexicans will change
the neighborhood in ways they dont
like.
At a Trump rally last month in Richmond, Va., as at most Trump rallies, the
audience was mostly white men. They
strolled by police barricades in work
boots or pressed khakis, grinning at a
ragtag assortment of protesters nearby.
In interviews, they complained about the
Mexican flags brandished outside
Trump events and wondered why the
government was paying to fix up Section
8 houses for people with late-model
iPhones. They recounted Hispanic coworkers mocking them.
Theyll tell you straight to your face,
This is our country now no more gringos! said Nick Conrad, a sheet metal
worker who wore a Hillary Clinton for
Prison T-shirt and wraparound sunglasses. Theyre not in it for our culture.
Theyre not here to assimilate.
Mr. Conrad shrugged.
He says what everyone thinks, Mr.
Conrad said of Mr. Trump. He says what
were all thinking. Hes bringing people
together. We say, Hey, thats right; we
can say this.
Retweets and Repercussions

Mr. Trump dismisses those who accuse him of embracing or enabling racism. Im the least racist person, he declared in December in an interview with
CNN.
Maggie Haberman and Kitty Bennett
contributed reporting.
But on the flatlands of social media,

the border between Mr. Trump and white
supremacists easily blurs. He has retweeted supportive messages from racist or nationalist Twitter accounts to his
nine million followers. Last fall, he retweeted a graphic with fictitious crime
statistics claiming that 81 percent of
white homicide victims in 2015 were
killed by blacks. (No such statistic was
available for 2015 at the time; the actual
figure for 2014 was 15 percent, according
to the F.B.I.)
In January and February he retweeted
messages from a user with the handle
@WhiteGenocideTM, whose profile picture is of George Lincoln Rockwell, the
founder of the American Nazi Party. A
couple of days later, in quick succession,
he retweeted two more accounts featuring white nationalist or Nazi themes. Mr.
Trump deleted one of the retweets, but
white supremacists saw more than a
twitch of the thumb. Our Glorious
Leader and ULTIMATE SAVIOR has
gone full wink-wink-wink to his most aggressive supporters, Mr. Anglin wrote
on The Daily Stormer.
In fact, Mr. Trumps Twitter presence
is tightly interwoven with hordes of
mostly anonymous accounts trafficking
in racist and anti-Semitic attacks. When
Little Bird, a social media data mining
company, analyzed a week of Mr.
Trumps Twitter activity, it found that almost 30 percent of the accounts Mr.
Trump retweeted in turn followed one or
more of 50 popular self-identified white
nationalist accounts.
At times, a circular current seems to
flow between white nationalists and Mr.
Trump on Twitter. Criticized for his recent message about Mrs. Clinton, Mr.
Trump insisted that no allusion to Jews
was intended and denounced reporters
for drawing the connection. Mr. Trumps
social media director said in a statement
that he had lifted the image from an
anti-Clinton Twitter feed where countless images appear. Among them, it
turned out, was a series of photos of Mrs.
Clintons head arranged in the shape of a
swastika.
The original image was later traced by
Mic, an online magazine aimed at younger readers, to the politics section of
8chan, a message board ridden with antiSemitic memes and racist images. There
and on other message boards, such as
4chan and Reddit, Mr. Trumps attacks
on political correctness and illegal immigration resonate with a broader audience. Some claim membership in the
alt-right, a loose and contested term
that can encompass white nationalists,
anti-immigration conservatives and
anonymous trolls whose taunts are laced
with GIFs and obscure internet slang.
After Mr. Trump attacked a profile of
his wife, Melania, in GQ, the articles author, the journalist Julia Ioffe, who is
Jewish, was inundated with anti-Semitic
A15
2 016
Milo Yiannopoulos, right, speaking near the
Pulse nightclub
in Orlando, Fla.,
after the fatal
shootings there.
His talks attacking liberals and
feminists have
drawn Trump
supporters from
college campuses.
SAM HODGSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
abuse on social media, including a cartoon depicting Ms. Ioffe in a concentration camp.
Asked whether he condemned the attacks, Mr. Trump told an interviewer: I
dont have a message to the fans. A woman wrote an article thats inaccurate.
Resonating on Campuses
Mr. Trumps influence is playing out
perhaps most vividly on college campuses, an otherwise deeply liberal redoubt where young people grapple
openly and frenetically with their own
race and identity.
For a generation weaned on a diet of
civic multiculturalism, supporting Mr.
Trump breaks the ultimate taboo. Students writing Mr. Trumps name and slogans in chalk have been accused of hate
crimes and spurred calls for censorship.
And on campuses frozen by unyielding
political correctness and expanding definitions of impermissible speech, some
welcome the provocation that Mr. Trump
provides.
Three days after a gunman claiming
allegiance to the Islamic State killed 49
people in a gay club in Orlando, Fla., a
crowd of college students gathered two
blocks from the site of the massacre.
They wore Trump hats or T-shirts and
chanted, Build that wall. They cracked
jokes about trigger warnings or whether
the sidewalk counted as a safe space.
A few minutes later, a black S.U.V.
pulled up, delivering Milo Yiannopoulos,
a 30-something gay conservative raised
in London and now a minor celebrity
among the alt-right.
Since 2014, Mr. Yiannopoulos has

toured college campuses in the United
States and England, staging a performance that is equal parts spectacle and
stump speech. Mr. Yiannopoulos dismisses statistics on campus rape as an
official fiction and favors the slogan
Feminism is a cancer.
His barbs are directed chiefly at liberals, feminists and Black Lives Matter
activists, all of whom routinely show up
to protest or disrupt his speeches. His
followers film these confrontations and
share them enthusiastically on YouTube
and Facebook. In one video, Mr.
Yiannopoulos arrives at a speech on a sedan chair carried by several young men
wearing Trump hats.
I knew I could have fun on campuses
because they are so uptight and they are
so ruled by the people I dont like, said
Mr. Yiannopoulos, who considers himself
a free-speech fundamentalist. He added, Less cynically, theyre an important
battleground.
Shortly after the shooting, Mr.
Yiannopoulos announced plans to speak
at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. The university canceled his appearance, first citing a shortage of security personnel and then claiming that no
suitable space was available on the 1,415acre campus. Instead, Mr. Yiannopoulos
spoke near the nightclub.
He stood just feet from the network
television encampments, though none
had sent cameras or reporters to cover
him. Wearing a dark pinstriped suit under the unrelenting Florida sun, he
warned of a gathering menace from
Muslim immigrants, sprinkling his
speech with anecdotes about sexual assaults in Germany and gendersegregated swimming pools.
In Mr. Yiannopouloss telling, liberals
were dupes and hypocrites, so blinded by
glib multiculturalism that they could not
even admit how dangerous Islam was to
gay people, like the victims of the Orlando massacre. To cheers and whoops, he
praised Mr. Trumps plan to bar Muslims
from entering the country.
Afterward, fans lined up to get his autograph. Most seemed to be Trump
supporters, but not all were conservative. Several described themselves as socially liberal or libertarian. A few said
they just wanted to hear what Mr.
Yiannopoulos had to say.
The setup of U.C.F. has very few
places where people are allowed to
speak, said Allen Greathouse, a slender
20-year-old from Melbourne, Fla. You
can only speak in the free-speech zones.
Another student, Simon Dickerman,
said he was voting for Mr. Trump. He volunteered that he frequently visited
4chan, an online message board where
users compete with one another to post
ever more provocative content, from
Nazi shorthand to racist cartoons.
Mr. Dickerman said he understood
why such images bothered some older
people, though they carried little such
charge to him and his friends.
Of course they dont actually want
Jews to die, Mr. Dickerman said. They
want to shock. His peers, he added, are
kids who dont really know about the
Holocaust.
And they dont care about history, he
said. And some of them think its funny.
ELECTION
Cleveland Justice System

Will Be Out in Full Force
By YAMICHE ALCINDOR
CLEVELAND With thousands of protesters expected to

descend on Cleveland for next
weeks Republican National Convention, city officials have devised
intricate plans to handle mass arrests should chaos break out on
the streets, identifying jail facilities to house more than 975 arrested protesters and keeping
courts open for 20 hours daily to
process cases.
Twelve judges will be working
10-hour shifts in the Cleveland
Municipal Court to handle what
could be a flood of cases. And to
guard against violence, the authorities have been collecting intelligence on extremist groups to
identify any possible threats. The
killing of five officers in Dallas last
week added urgency to the planning, as officials tightened their
security plans for handling what
was already expected to be a volatile atmosphere surrounding the
nomination of Donald J. Trump.
The convention and the national stage it promises is attracting myriad groups, with agendas
that range from white supremacy
to in-your-face body art. The
groups include the American
Freedom Party and Blood & Honour, whose members are white nationalists, along with skinheads
and the Westboro Baptist Church,
a Kansas-based congregation
known for picketing funerals with
signs arguing that accepting gay
rights has doomed America to be
punished. An effort called Everything She Says Means Everything is working to have 100 naked women gather outside the
convention site, while a bus full of
about 21 nuns will also be in town
As security plans are

tightened, fears of
aggressive tactics.
serving lemonade to crowds and
asking delegates about their fears
for this election cycle.
Despite concerns about widespread unrest, city leaders said
they are ready for the convention
after more than two years of planning.
We know that there will be
people who will be wanting to spit
on police officers, call them all
kinds of nasty names, Mayor
Frank G. Jackson said in an interview. We know that people come
here just to agitate. They just dont
come here to be peaceful and have
a point of view and say, Thank
you very much for letting me have
my point of view and go home.
Mr. Jackson said those coming
to the city should know that officials are intent on keeping people
out of danger while also protecting the citys property from being
damaged.
What people should know is
that Cleveland is prepared, that
we will put on a safe and successful convention, he said, explaining that officers will exercise restraint, at least initially. We are
not going to be out with helmets
and shields and all this other kind
of stuff. We are going to be in regular uniforms. And if in fact there is
a need to deal with something that
is more aggressive, they will escalate according to the need. But it
will be appropriate.
The F.B.I has been looking into
domestic and foreign terrorism
threats but has found no direct
threat from any group targeting
the convention. But the agency
will continue to gather informa-
tion on groups and people who

may be seeking to stir up trouble.
Agents have cast a wide net,
looking
into
environmental
activists, anarchists, white supremacists, black separatists,
extremist gun rights groups
whose members may have illegal
weapons and sovereign citizens
groups that believe they do not
need to abide by federal laws.
F.B.I. agents and Cleveland police officers have also been knocking on local protesters doors and
asking questions about their plans
for the convention, a tactic that
has alarmed some who think that
the authorities are already being
too aggressive.
One resident, Dionne Hudson,
said two officers came to her home
last month asking about her 20year-old daughter, who had been
arrested
on
suspicion
of
disorderly conduct last year during a protest over a police killing.
Ms. Hudson said that the charges
were ultimately dropped and that
her daughter, who works as a
store cashier, was not home when
the police came to question her.
I couldnt believe it. Why
would you do something like
that? said Ms. Hudson, 47, a call
center supervisor. I started
thinking, are my phones bugged?
Did you write down the plates to
my car? Those were the kinds of
thoughts that were going through
my mind.
Cleveland is bringing in roughly
2,500 law enforcement officers
from as far away as California,
Texas and Florida to bolster its
own convention-dedicated force
of about 500 officers. It is deploying a video unit to document
crowd management and police activity.
In an interview, Clevelands police chief, Calvin D. Williams, said
his officers planned to be restrained but expected to face difficult situations.
Yelling at a police officer is not
a crime, so we are not going to arrest people for that, Chief
Williams said. If a person perpetrates violence, be it against a person or property, then we have
procedures in place to arrest that
person, and we also have
procedures in place to hopefully
prevent that.
But some are worried that the
citys Police Department, which is
being monitored by the Department of Justice, could be eager to
use some of the equipment it
bought using a $50 million grant it
received for convention security.
The Ohio chapter of the National Lawyers Guild, which is
training legal observers to ensure
that peoples rights are not violated, said the city has purchased
2,000 sets of riot gear, 2,000 steel
batons, 24 sets of bulletproof vests
and helmets and 10,000 sets of
plastic handcuffs.
These items indicate that
there is a readiness and a preparedness to engage in arrests
that may end up being more forceful than necessary and arrests
that may be unlawful in the first
place, said Jacqueline Greene, a
lawyer
and
one
of
the
coordinators of the guilds Ohio
chapter.
Municipal Judge Ronald B.
Adrine said city officials had a
good dry run last month when
more than a million people came
downtown for a parade celebrating the Cleveland Cavaliers National Basketball Association
championship. But he is still nervous.
That was 1.3 million happy
people, he said. We wont know
what kind of event we have until
we are right smack dab in the middle of it.
2 016
How Cleveland and Philadelphia

Are Preparing for Convention Protests
By ALICIA PARLAPIANO and ANJALI SINGHVI
REPUBLICAN CONVENTION, JULY 18-21
Half of Clevelands Downtown Will Be Under Restrictions

Designated
protest areas:
Speakers stage can be

reserved for 30-minute slots
Public art or tables can be

installed in two parks with a permit
Parade route for protesters with

permits to march in 50-minute slots
500 feet
Lake Erie
Willard Park
Perk Plaza
DOWNTOWN
CLEVELAND
Public Square
e
Quicken
Loans Arena
SECURE ZONE
Cuyahoga River
1.7-square-mile
event zone with
security restrictions
egie
Carn
.
Ave
I-90
IMAGERY FROM GOOGLE MAPS, TERRAMETRICS, NOAA
The City of Cleveland is issuing

permits to groups that want to
demonstrate at the convention,
but protest areas will be hundreds of feet from the Quicken
Loans Arena, or the Q, where
the main events will take place.
Last month, the American Civil
Liberties Union of Ohio brought a
lawsuit against the city, saying
that its convention security plan
severely limited the opportunities for free expression. A federal
judge agreed and threw out the
plan, resulting in a new agreement that, among other things,
expanded the parade route for
protesters, which is the area
where demonstrators are permitted to march.
Christine Link, the executive
director of the A.C.L.U. of Ohio,
said that the Secret Service participated heavily in the negotiations and that her organization
achieved almost all of its goals in
ensuring that the government
balanced security with the least
restrictions. City sidewalks are

still open for anybody to carry a
poster, speak or march, she said,
if they do not block intersections
or enter secured areas.
The official event zone where
a long list of everyday items, like
glass bottles, will be banned
will blanket 1.7 square miles in
downtown Cleveland. However,
guns will be allowed inside the
event zone because Ohio is an
open-carry state, and state law
overrules any regulations put
into place by the city. Firearms
will not be allowed in the smaller
secure zones managed by the
Secret Service, including the convention arena.
Prohibited items in the larger
zone include large bags and
backpacks, mace, loudspeakers,
tents, coolers and canned goods.
Residents, including homeless
people, will be given some
leeway.
Because of the influx of people
and the potential for large pro-
Road closures and restrictions

Secret Service secure zones
Welcoming
event zone*
LAKE
ERIE
Event zone
Media Center
Quicken
Loans
Arena
CLEVELAND
0.4 mile
THE NEW YORK TIMES
*The secure zone and road closures around

the welcoming event area will only apply on
July 17, the day before the convention begins.
tests, Cleveland is bringing in

roughly 2,500 law enforcement
officers from other cities to bolster its own convention-dedicated force of about 500 officers. It is
deploying a video unit to document crowd management and
police activity.
DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION, JULY 25-28
The Restricted Area in Philadelphia Is Much Smaller

400 feet
Six demonstration zones will

be available for permitted
protesters in F.D.R. Park
SOUTH PHILADELPHIA
Citizens
Bank Park
Ave.
Pattison
Lincoln
Financial
Field
SECURE ZONE
Bro
ad
St.
Wells Fargo
Center
I-95
F.D.R. Park
IMAGERY FROM GOOGLE MAPS
The Democratic convention will

be held at the Wells Fargo
Center, an indoor arena in South
Philadelphia, far removed from
the citys central district. The primary area set aside for permitted
protesters will be F.D.R. Park,
across the street from the arena.
The Secret Service has designated a secure zone, which will
include the arena, its surrounding parking lot and the adjoining
section of Broad Street. It will be
fenced off and limited to people
with credentials or tickets;
banned items include backpacks,
balloons, selfie sticks and any
weapons.
The city is issuing permits for
demonstrations across Philadelphia, not just in F.D.R. Park. The
A.C.L.U. of Pennsylvania has
pressed the city for clarity on
restrictions and has succeeded at
getting the city to back off a ban

of marches on Broad Street, a
main thoroughfare, even during
rush hour.
So far we have not seen any
kind of no-go zones in Center
City, and thats great, said Mary
Katherine Roper, the deputy
legal director of the A.C.L.U. of
Pennsylvania. People should be
able to protest all over downtown.
Last month, Mayor Jim Kenney
signed a bill decriminalizing nuisance offenses in the city, including disorderly conduct, failure to
disperse and public drunkenness. The policy was part of a
larger effort to decrease the
incarceration rate in the city, but
the mayor has also said that no
one will be arrested solely for
protesting without a permit
during the convention.
Independence
Mall
PHILADELPHIA
City Hall
Where protests
have been
approved
Stt.
S
S. B
S
Brro
oad
oa
ad
A16
Marconi Plaza
F.D.R.
PARK
Wells Fargo
Center
0.5 mile
THE NEW YORK TIMES
Speakers at Trumps Convention: An Astronaut, a Quarterback, but No Palin

By JEREMY W. PETERS
CLEVELAND A night highlighting the tragedy in Benghazi,

Libya. An appearance by onetime
football star Tim Tebow. A presentation detailing former President
Bill Clintons sexual misconduct.
Donald J. Trump, the presumptive nominee, has been promising
a different kind of Republican National Convention, and plans obtained by The New York Times
show that he is eager to put his
showbiz stamp on the partys
gathering, even as he struggles to
attract A-list talent.
The roster of speakers obtained
by The Times, and confirmed by
two people with direct knowledge
of the convention planning, reveals a lineup lacking many of the
partys rising stars. Instead, it features some of Mr. Trumps eclectic
collection of friends, celebrities
and relatives, from his Slovenian
supermodel wife to professional
golfer Natalie Gulbis.
The parade of people seems to
have been selected to broaden Mr.
Trumps demographic reach.
There are several notable women speaking. They include Pam
Bondi, the Florida attorney general, who tangled on television
with the CNN anchor Anderson

Cooper after the Orlando, Fla.,
nightclub
massacre;
Eileen
Collins, the first woman to command a space shuttle mission;
Gov. Mary Fallin of Oklahoma;
Senator Joni Ernst of Iowa and
Mr. Trumps wife, Melania.
There are a few African-Americans, like Jamiel Shaw Sr., who became an outspoken advocate for
tougher immigration laws after
his son was killed in 2008 by an undocumented immigrant; and Darryl Glenn, who is running for Senate in Colorado.
From sports there is Mr. Tebow,
the former quarterback and Heisman Trophy winner who is known
for his conservative views; Dana
White, the president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship, a
mixed martial arts organization;
and Ms. Gulbis.
Billionaire Peter Thiel, the Silicon Valley entrepreneur, will represent the business community,
along with Thomas J. Barrack Jr.,
a private-equity real estate investor.
The list of politicians scheduled
to appear include people who
have been out of office for some
time, like Rudolph W. Giuliani, the
former New York mayor, and new-
comers like Senator Tom Cotton of

Arkansas.
There are plans to emphasize
different themes each night of the
convention. Mr. Trump wants to
touch on a few of his favorite hotbutton issues, like the 2012 attack
on the American diplomatic compound in Benghazi, former President Clintons infidelities and border security.
All four of Mr.
Trumps adult
children
are
scheduled
to
speak.
Mr. Trump is
still
inviting
people,
his
aides have said.
And the people
who
spoke
Pam
about his list of
speakers cauBondi
tioned that it
could still grow.
But what is striking, as much as
who is on the list, is who is not.
Several figures Mr. Trump had
said he would invite to speak, like
the boxing promoter Don King
and Sarah Palin, the former
Alaska governor, were not included. Neither was Tom Brady, the
New England Patriots quarter-
back, a hugely popular figure in

the key state of New Hampshire.
The list, which is subject to
change, as obtained by The New
York Times:
Night 1: A Benghazi focus, followed by border patrol agents and
Mr. Shaw, whose son was killed by
an undocumented immigrant.
Senator Cotton, Mr. Giuliani,
Melania Trump, Ms. Ernst and
others.
Night 2: A focus on the economy:
Mr.
White,
president of the
U.F.C.;
Asa
Hutchinson,
the governor of
Arkansas; Michael Mukasey,
Sen. Tom
the
former
United States
Cotton
attorney general; Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn, a
vice-presidential possibility; Senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, the majority leader; Tiffany
Trump; Donald Trump Jr. and
Gov. Scott Walker of Wisconsin.
Night 3: Ms. Bondi; Ms.
Collins; Newt Gingrich, a former
House speaker; Senator Ted Cruz
of Texas; Eric Trump; Ms. Gulbis;
and the nominee for vice president.

Night 4: Mr. Tebow; Representative Marsha Blackburn of Tennessee; Gov. Mary Fallin of Oklahoma; Reince Priebus, the Republican National Committee chairman; Gov. Rick Scott of Florida;
Mr. Thiel; Mr. Barrack; Ivanka
Trump; Donald J. Trump.
Even as they finalized the list
this week, Mr. Trumps campaign
aides and party officials were also
working behind the scenes to
stave off any challenges to Mr.
Trumps nomination on the convention floor next week.
Mr. Priebus was blunt about the
need for party leaders to support
Mr. Trump and defeat Hillary
Clinton even if the reasoning he
offered appeared to be less than a
full-throated endorsement.
If we dont stick together as a
party and stop her, then the only
alternative is to get comfortable
with the phrase President Hillary
Clinton, Mr. Priebus said in remarks to party leaders on
Wednesday.
An extended and confrontational debate could reopen doubts
about Mr. Trumps candidacy and
cast a shadow over what is supposed to be a triumphant moment
of party unity.
The prospect of multiple delegate votes with unknown outcomes and unforeseeable consequences is something Mr. Trumps
campaign and Mr. Priebus are intent on preventing. What is ordinarily a carefully choreographed
event planned to conform
neatly to the prime-time schedules of the television networks
could slip into chaos.
Still, the chance that Mr.
Trumps opponents could muster
enough support to deny him the
nomination is remote. The biggest
hazard that Mr. Trump and the
leaders of the Republican National Committee are trying to
contain is how messy the process
could become and how much
damage Mr. Trumps campaign
could sustain.
Starting on Thursday morning,
delegates will begin to debate a
series of proposals to change the
partys rules. Those proposed
changes could include a provision
that would allow delegates to vote
their consciences in selecting the
Republican presidential nominee,
instead of voting in accordance
with the outcomes of the primaries and caucuses in their states,
as most state party rules require.
ELECTION
A17
2 016
Clinton, at Site of Lincoln Speech, Bemoans the Current Republicans

By MATT FLEGENHEIMER
SPRINGFIELD, Ill. On the

grounds of the Old State Capitol
here, where nearly 160 years ago,
Abraham Lincoln held forth on a
house divided, Hillary Clinton on
Wednesday lamented the Party of
Lincolns transition to the Party of
Trump, casting the present moment as an indelible stain on Republican history.
Yet even as she savaged Donald
J. Trump as an existential threat
to American democracy, a week
before Republicans plan to nominate him for president in Cleveland, Mrs. Clinton set off on a delicate balancing act of her own.
She waded with care into the
thickets of national reckonings
over police violence and violence
against the police, hoping to position herself as an unlikely agent of
harmony.
And in an uncharacteristic admission, Mrs. Clinton assumed responsibility for at least a small
measure of the fractiousness in
the national discourse.
I cannot stand here and claim
that my words and actions havent
sometimes fueled the partisanship that often stands in the way of
our progress, she told a small audience that crowded beneath a
grand ceiling here. So I recognize
I have to do better, too.
Though Mrs. Clinton has for
weeks stressed unity as the binding theme of her campaign
making speeches in front of
Stronger Together signs the
staging on Wednesday was particularly unsubtle.
She immediately invoked President Lincoln, quoting from his
WHITNEY CURTIS/REUTERS
Hillary Clinton spoke about unity at the Old State Capitol in Springfield, Ill., on Wednesday.
speech on June 16, 1858.
She spoke slowly and sternly, as
if narrating a documentary, railing against a litany of national
hardships: gun violence, economic inequality, an overreliance
on the police to remedy societal
ills.
She suggested reassuringly
that America had overcome much
more than its recent pain and political fury.
The challenges we face today
do not approach those of Lincolns
time. Not even close, she said.
But recent events have left peo-
ple across America asking hard

questions about whether we are
still a house divided.
For a candidate not known for
soaring oratory, and often not especially comfortable pursuing it,
the venue was something of a
risky choice, inviting comparisons to some of the most stirring
speakers in American history.
Nearly a century and a half after
Lincoln condemned slavery here,
Senator Barack Obama stood before the Capitol in February 2007
to announce his bid for president.
Mrs. Clintons aides had billed
this speech as a major address,

hoping to build on remarks last
week before black clergy members in Philadelphia, when she
urged white Americans to do a
better job of listening when
African-Americans talk.
She did touch on the deaths of
black men in Louisiana and in
Minnesota, and the deaths of five
police officers in Dallas, reciting
all of their names. She also cited
the deaths of five Latinos in
lesser-known
police-involved
episodeslast week.
But during her half-hour re-
marks, Mrs. Clinton trained her

attention largely on Mr. Trump,
whose campaign she called as divisive as any we have seen in our
lifetimes.
In perhaps her most zealous
flourish, she noted that Mr. Trump
had suggested Tuesday night that
he could relate to systemic bias
against black Americans because
even against me, the system is
rigged.
Even this, the killing of black
people by police, is somehow
about him, Mrs. Clinton said.
As the Republican Party prepares to nominate Mr. Trump next
week, Mrs. Clinton seemed inclined to highlight the consequences of that choice at every opportunity.
She mocked Mr. Trumps reference last week to Article 12 of the
Constitution, which does not exist,
and wondered about giving him
access to the levers of power.
Imagine if he had not just Twitter and cable news to go after his
critics and opponents, but also the
I.R.S. or for that matter, our entire military, she said.
As she moves to portray Mr.
Trump as a purveyor of national
chaos, Mrs. Clinton is also seeking
to bridge a divide in her own party.
Her campaign is hopeful that the
long-sought endorsement from
Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont on Tuesday will help bring
Democrats together in earnest before the partys convention in Philadelphia in two weeks.
Implicit in her comments on
Wednesday was a plea for empathy, even for political opponents
a striking gesture from Mrs. Clin-
ton, who has long inspired intense

partisan passions and was criticized last year for saying in a debate that Republicans were the
enemy she was proudest to
have made.
Lets put ourselves in the
shoes
of
Donald
Trumps
supporters, said Mrs. Clinton,
who speaks often of her familys
lunch-pail roots. (Her father
owned a small drapery business
in Chicago.)
We may disagree on the
causes and the solutions to the
challenges
we
face,
she
Given recent events,

wondering if we are
still a house divided.
continued, but I believe, like anyone else, theyre trying to figure
out their place in a fast-changing
America.
Wrapping up, Mrs. Clinton
strayed from her prepared text to
describe a song from the musical
Hamilton, which she saw for the
third time on Tuesday, telling the
crowd that history had its eyes on
how Americans respond to this
moment.
Then she quoted Lincoln once
more.
If we do the work, we will
cease to be divided, she said.
We, in fact, will be indivisible
with liberty and justice for all. And
we will remain in President Lincolns words the last, best hope
of earth.
Nearly Four-Fifths
Of White Evangelicals
Say Theyll Back Trump
By LAURIE GOODSTEIN
Nearly four-fifths of white evangelical voters plan to cast their

ballots for Donald J. Trump despite his multiple marriages, lack
of piety and inconsistency on the
issues they care about most, a new
poll has found.
Support for Mr. Trump among
white evangelicals is even stronger than it was four years ago for
Mitt Romney, the previous Republican nominee for president, according to the poll of religious
voters, released on Tuesday by
the Pew Research Center.
White evangelicals make up
about one-fifth of all registered
voters and are a coveted bloc who,
when energized, can turn out the
vote through their churches and
social networks. It has been unclear to what extent Mr. Trump
will be able to capture this core
Republican constituency, because
some leading evangelicals have
spoken of being disturbed by his
penchant for boasting about himself and belittling others, his
pledges to deport Mexican immigrants and bar Muslims from entering the country, and his past
support for abortion rights and
gay rights.
Some influential evangelical
leaders have joined the Never
Trump camp, while others have
pledged support for Mr. Trump.
More came on board after he
wooed about 1,000 of them in a
closed-door meeting in New York.
Trump is not a true believer in
any sense, both religiously and on
the issues, but hes speaking to
them, said J. Tobin Grant, a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale and a columnist at the Religion News Service. Hes actively
courting them, and thats what the
activists want. They want to have
a seat at the table, and they felt
they didnt have that with Romney.
The poll also found that Roman
Catholics favored Hillary Clinton,
the presumptive Democratic
nominee, over Mr. Trump by 17
percentage points a significant
shift from the 2012 presidential
race, when Election Day exit polls
showed Catholics split almost
evenly between Mr. Romney and
the Democratic incumbent, President Obama.
The change is largely because
of the support of Hispanic
Catholics, who make up about
one-third of Roman Catholics in
the United States and favor Mrs.
Clinton over Mr. Trump by an
overwhelming 77 percent to 16
percent. White Catholics narrowly
favor Mr. Trump over Mrs. Clinton, 50 to 46 percent, but Mrs. Clinton has a 19-point advantage
among all Catholics who say they
attend Mass weekly.
Black Protestants are firmly in
Mrs. Clintons camp, and white
mainline Protestants favored Mr.
Trump over Mrs. Clinton, 50 to 39
percent. The survey did not show
results for members of minority
religious groups, like Buddhists,
Hindus, Jews and Muslims, because there were not enough of
them in the poll.
DAMON WINTER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
People bowing their heads in prayer before a campaign event for Donald J. Trump on Tuesday in Westfield, Ind.
The survey found Mrs. Clinton
leading Mr. Trump decisively in a
two-way contest, 51 to 42 percent.
Mrs. Clinton has solid support
from voters who claim no religion
a cohort known as the nones,
according to the poll. This group
has grown rapidly in recent years,
and now makes up about one-fifth
of registered voters about the
same share of the electorate as
white evangelicals. Religiously
unaffiliated voters back Mrs. Clin-
ton by 68 percent to 26 percent,

but their support is softer than
evangelicals support for Mr.
Trump.
The poll found that 36 percent of
white evangelicals said they
strongly supported Mr. Trump,
while in June 2012, just 26 percent
said they strongly supported Mr.
Romney. Mr. Romney faced resistance from some evangelicals because of his Mormon faith. Mr.
Trump is a member of the Presby-
terian Church U.S.A., a liberal

mainline Protestant denomination, has demonstrated little fluency in the Bible or Christianity,
and has said that he has never
asked God for forgiveness.
But the poll showed that voters
in general, including evangelicals,
were dissatisfied with their options this year. Forty-two percent
of white evangelical voters said it
would be difficult to choose between Mr. Trump and Mrs. Clinton
because neither one would

make a good president.
In fact, the survey found that
the desire to defeat Mrs. Clinton
was
the
prime
reason
evangelicals
supported
Mr.
Trump. Of the 78 percent of white
evangelicals who said they would
vote for Mr. Trump, 45 percent
said their decision was mainly a
vote against Clinton, while only
30 percent said it was mainly a
vote for Trump.
The Search for a Consensus on a Running Mate Comes Amid a Growing Wish List
By ALEXANDER BURNS
and MAGGIE HABERMAN
Stranded in Indianapolis on
Wednesday after an aircraft malfunction, Donald J. Trump did
what any gifted showman with a
national campaign to run would
do: He brought the presidential
circus to him.
Mr. Trump, who is approaching
a self-imposed deadline for selecting a running mate, met throughout the day with three finalists for
the position including two,
Newt Gingrich and Senator Jeff
Sessions of Alabama, flown in
solely for that purpose.
A third candidate, Gov. Mike
Pence of Indiana, huddled at his
home on Wednesday morning
with Mr. Trump and his children,
Donald Jr., Eric and Ivanka, and
son-in-law, Jared Kushner.
In a scene more reminiscent of
television entertainment than a
standard presidential campaign, a
crush of reporters monitored Mr.
Trumps departure from Mr.
Pences home, and the comings
and goings of vice-presidential
prospects from Mr. Trumps hotel
throughout the day.
Jonathan Martin contributed reporting.
In some respects, the display

resembled a late-season episode
of a television dating show, in
which various suitors meet the
family of their prospective
spouse, in a taxing final test of
compatibility and commitment.
At least one vice-presidential
contender approached the moment with a degree of lightheartedness. Mr. Gingrich, when asked
why he was in Indiana, acknowledged he was going to meet with
Mr. Trumps children.
See the kids, go to the zoo, said
Mr. Gingrich, a former speaker of
the House. (Though he is an
animal lover and is known to visit
local zoos, Mr. Gingrich clarified
he was kidding about visiting the
Indianapolis Zoo).
His sudden series of back-toback conversations with vicepresidential finalists gave at least
the impression of indecision, with
little time left on the clock to make
his choice. On Wednesday, Mr.
Trump posted on Twitter that he
would announce his running mate
at 11 a.m. Eastern on Friday, just
ahead of the Republican convention in Cleveland, which begins
next Monday.
In addition to the three candidates who met Wednesday with
the Trump family, Mr. Trump also
spoke by phone with Gov. Chris

Christie of New Jersey, the leader
of Mr. Trumps transition team,
who has also been vetted as a potential running mate.
Among Mr. Trumps advisers,
Mr. Pence is seen as the lowestrisk option: a stolid if unspectacular choice, helpful for locking up
conservative votes and perhaps
boosting Mr. Trumps appeal
Trump says that he

will announce his
decision on Friday.
across the Midwest.
At the top levels of the Trump
campaign, there was a high degree of optimism earlier in the
week that Mr. Pence would connect on a personal level with Mr.
Trump during a planned visit to
Indiana, and thus dispense with
his competition for the job. Republicans have even begun to prepare
for Mr. Pences potential withdrawal from his race for re-election.
Yet Mr. Trump has so far given
no particular signal of public enthusiasm for Mr. Pence. At a joint

rally in Indiana on Tuesday, Mr.
Trump mused that Mr. Pence
could end up as vice president, but
added, Who the hell knows?
Jeff Cardwell, the chairman of
the Indiana Republican Party, said
Mr. Trump and Mr. Pence appeared very relaxed together at
a private fund-raising event in the
state on Tuesday night. While
there, Mr. Pence talked up Indianas economy, Mr. Cardwell
said, and Mr. Trump said that
many people outside the state had
taken note of its economic performance.
Even as Mr. Trumps political
advisers have largely rallied
around Mr. Pence, there remains
considerable affection for Mr.
Gingrich within the Trump family,
particularly from Ivanka Trump
and her husband, Mr. Kushner.
Mr. Gingrich has been an aggressive advocate for Mr. Trump,
and he drew an enthusiastic response at a campaign rally in Ohio
last week.
And Sheldon Adelson, the casino billionaire who is among the
countrys most prolific Republican political donors, is said to have
communicated to Mr. Trumps
camp that he would prefer Mr.
Gingrich, according to two Republicans familiar with his views. Mr.

Kushner has been Mr. Adelsons
frequent point of contact with the
campaign in recent weeks.
Mr. Adelson, who spent millions
of
dollars
supporting
Mr.
Gingrichs unsuccessful presidential campaign in 2012, has
promised to give generously to
groups supporting Mr. Trump, but
does not appear to have cut any
significant checks yet.
Mr. Trump may be merely reviewing his list of options one last
time before making up his mind.
But to some Republicans who
have observed him in recent days,
Mr. Trump has also appeared
genuinely uncertain of the best
course forward, and perhaps even
of his own preferences.
In interviews and private meetings, Mr. Trump has named different qualities as paramount in his
choice of a running mate.
Throughout the Republican primaries, Mr. Trump expressed a
strong preference for a vice president with knowledge of Capitol
Hill. During a fund-raiser on Long
Island last weekend, Mr. Trump
said it would be essential for him
to feel a relaxed personal connection with his running mate, and
that the person would have to ex-
hibit a superior knowledge of government.

In an interview this week with
The Wall Street Journal, he added
another characteristic to the wish
list: His running mate, Mr. Trump
said, must be an attack dog. But
in an appearance on Fox News on
Wednesday, he backtracked and
said he was not looking for an attack dog.
The frenzied nature of Mr.
Trumps
vice-presidential
courtship underscores one of the
recurring themes of his 2016 campaign: the presumptive nominees
surprising remoteness from most
of the other major figures in the
Republican Party.
To the extent Mr. Trump places
a premium on his personal relationship with a running mate, Mr.
Christie or Mr. Gingrich may have
a leg up, as he has been friends
with both men over the years.
Mr. Pence, the favorite of the
Trump political team and national
Republican Party officials, is a
comparatively unfamiliar face. If
he would seem to be the safe
choice politically, it would constitute a rare foray for Mr. Trump
going outside his personal comfort zone to make, perhaps, his
most important decision of the
general election.
A18
A WOUNDED AMERICA
Obama Urges Civil Rights Activists and Police to Bridge Divide

By JULIE HIRSCHFELD DAVIS
WASHINGTON President
Obama said on Wednesday that
the profound tensions between
the police and African-American
communities were likely to worsen for quite some time after the
series of wrenching shooting
deaths this month, urging law enforcement officials and civil rights
activists at a lengthy and at times
tense White House gathering to
keep pressing to bridge their differences.
Not only are there very real
problems but there are still deep
divisions about how to solve these
problems, Mr. Obama said at the
White House, after meeting for
over four hours all afternoon and
into the evening with the group.
There is no doubt that police
departments still feel embattled
and unjustly accused, and there is
no doubt that minority communities, communities of color, still feel
like it just takes too long to do
whats right, Mr. Obama added.
We have to, as a country, sit down
and just grind it out solve these
problems.
During a session that lasted for
more than four hours in a large
conference room across from the
West Wing and included administration officials and community
activists from the Black Lives
Matter movement among the 40
or so in attendance, Mr. Obama led
what he later called an excellent
and encouraging session about
building trust between law enforcement and communities of
color.
Were not even close to being
there yet, the president said, adding that it will take time to achieve
such trust.
Sadly, because this is a huge
country that is very diverse, and
we have a lot of police departments, I think it is fair to say that
we will see more tension between
police and communities this
month, next month, next year, for
quite some time, he said.
That hostility flared at times behind closed doors at the session,
AL DRAGO/THE NEW YORK TIMES
President Obama said on Wednesday, in a meeting with 40 top officials in Washington, that tensions are likely to worsen.
particularly as those representing
police organizations clashed with
people who had been arrested at
protests, said Rashad Robinson,
the executive director of the online civil rights group Color of
Change, who was at the meeting.
We still need many in law enforcement to recognize that action
needs to happen, Mr. Robinson
said in an interview. We cant
mistake dialogue for actual
change, and in the absence of action, nothing changes.
What we heard was a willingness to listen, which means that
we need to continue to raise ev-
eryday peoples voices, he added.

The hastily arranged meeting
came a day after Mr. Obama
traveled to Dallas to memorialize
five police officers killed last week
by an African-American man who
said he wanted to kill white people. That attack unfolded during a
peaceful protest of the killings just
days earlier of two black men, in
Baton Rouge, La., and outside St.
Paul at the hands of the police.
Both police encounters were captured on videotape.
The deaths have opened the latest chapter in what has become an
increasingly passionate debate in
America over racial justice, discrimination and violence. Mr.

Obama has conceded in recent
days that he has felt powerless to
shift the conversation or the realities driving it, whether by legislation or by persuasion, a cruel conundrum for the first AfricanAmerican president, who campaigned for the White House arguing that there was no such thing as
black America and white
America.
Returning early from a European trip on Sunday, Mr. Obama
scrapped his schedule for this
week and has devoted much of his
time to finding ways to address

the crisis of race and law enforcement. On Monday, he stopped by a
meeting of police officials and civil
rights leaders convened by Vice
President Joseph R. Biden Jr. On
Thursday, he will attend a town
hall meeting devoted to the issue
that ABC and ESPN will broadcast, at which the White House
said Mr. Obama expected to hear
from a diverse set of voices.
Mr. Obama held a similar series
of meetings two years ago after
tensions boiled over following a
police shooting in Ferguson, Mo.,
that sparked protests and rioting.
Those meetings prompted the

president to provide federal funding for community policing and
anti-bias efforts, including for the
purchase of body-worn cameras.
He also created a policing task
force that released recommendations last year on how to build
trust between law enforcement
and the communities they protect.
The president is walking a difficult line as he seeks to make
progress on stubbornly entrenched divisions and build trust
between constituencies that have
only grown more suspicious of
each other.
Some law enforcement officials
have bristled at Mr. Obamas
readiness to condemn racial bias
in policing after fatal confrontations between officers and
African-American men. At the
same time, racial justice activists,
including those involved in Black
Lives Matter, have expressed
frustration with Mr. Obama for his
expressions of sympathy with the
police serving in African-American communities ravaged by poverty and violence.
Before the meeting on Wednesday, some of them called on his administration to eliminate federal
grants for police forces that fail to
make changes.
Mr. Robinson said the president
mentioned the proposal during
Wednesdays meeting as one of
the levers they need to be able to
use for both the carrot and the
stick to promote better policing.
Later, in a Facebook post in
which he asked Americans to
reach out in their communities to
heal divisions, the president said
of Wednesdays meeting: Ill admit, it was a candid discussion
challenging at times. But it couldnt have been more important.
I want to ask you no matter
who you are or where you live
to do whatever you can to foster
these conversations and find solutions for your community, Mr.
Obama wrote. I know its possible I saw it happen this afternoon.
Suit Targets Police Tactics in Baton Rouge Protests

By FRANCES ROBLES
BATON ROUGE, La. Local

justice organizations and the
American Civil Liberties Union
sued local and state officials and
law enforcement agencies in federal court on Wednesday, accusing them of abusing peaceful protesters and violating their constitutional rights.
In their lawsuit, the organizations asked for a temporary restraining order and a permanent
injunction prohibiting the police
from using strong-arm tactics
against protesters.
The Baton Rouge Police and
Louisiana State Police came under harsh criticism on Sunday after hundreds of people were arrested over the weekend during
rallies to protest the police killing
of a Alton Sterling, who had been
selling bootleg CDs. Police were
videotaped using military-style
gear and pulling protesters off pri-
vate property. Several journalists

were also arrested.
This has completely chilled the
environment, where communities
feel unsafe, said Sima Atri, a staff
lawyer at the New Orleans Workers Center for Racial Justice. Its
having a serious effect not only on
the First Amendment and the
right to protest but also a much
broader effect on the movement.
The lawsuit was accompanied
by several affidavits from protesters including the executive
director of the A.C.L.U. of Louisiana, Marjorie R. Esman detailing the tactics.
I watched as the cops brutally
tackled, shoved and arrested protesters, a protester, Caressa
Chester, wrote in her affidavit.
LJean McKneely, a Baton
Rouge Police spokesman, said the
department did not comment on
pending litigation. Cpl. Doug Cain
of the State Police said the agency
Accusations that
officers violated
demonstrators rights.
needed time to review the lawsuit
before commenting.
Earlier this week, he told local
reporters that the police were justified in keeping roads from being
blocked.
If we get a group that wants to
be disruptive to the highway system, were going to put people in
place to shut it down, Corporal
Cain told The Advocate newspaper.
The lawsuit came after the
teenage son of Mr. Sterling faced
reporters to urge the nation to protest peacefully in his fathers
name.
I feel people in general, no mat-
ter their race is, should come together as one united family, Cameron Sterling, 15, said at a news
conference held in front of the convenience store where his father
died. There should be no more arguments, disagreements, crimes
everyone should be one united
family.
Mr. Sterling was killed July 5 after two Baton Rouge officers went
to the Triple S Food Mart in north
Baton Rouge responding to a complaint of someone who had
threatened another man with a
gun. The police said Mr. Sterling
matched that description, but he
refused to obey police orders.
Video showed the officers sitting on top of him and firing upon
him after another officer alerted
that Mr. Sterling had a gun. An affidavit filed in court to obtain a
search warrant for the stores surveillance video asserted that Mr.
Sterling reached for his gun, but
WILLIAM WIDMER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Cameron Sterling, 15, speaking on the killing of his father, Alton, called for unity in Baton Rouge, La., on Wednesday.
protesters who have watched the
video over and over again say Mr.
Sterling had already been subdued.
My father was a good man:
That was his sacrifice to show everyone what had been going on in
life, Cameron said. It should give

everyone a push that everyone
should be together, not against
each other. Everyone needs to be
on one chord, not a different note.
Everyone needs to be together,
not apart.
Families and Fellow Officers Race Relations Are at a Low Point, a New Poll Finds
Honor the Dead in Dallas
How the Poll Was Conducted
From Page A1
From Page A13

and Indiana.
At times like this, we feel like
we stand alone, said Rick Keys, a
lieutenant with the North Charleston, S.C., Police Department, who
drove 15 hours with three of his
colleagues to attend Mr. Thompsons funeral. It means a lot to the
families to see the officers come
from so far.
Robert Parker, the assistant
chief of police in Watauga, a city
about 30 miles west of Dallas, said
he hoped that this could be an opportunity for police departments
and the communities they serve
to come together.
We have a long way to go before we get where we need to be,
he said after Mr. Thompsons fu-
John Eligon reported from Dallas,

and Patrick McGee from Plano,
Tex.
neral. One of the things that Ive

talked to my wife about, and many
others, is everybody on all sides of
this, whether its Black Lives Matter, Blue Lives Matter, All Lives
Matter, everyone needs to sit back
and gain all the truth and the facts
of each case before they pass judgment. If we do that and then we
have an open dialogue and sit
down and look at each others
points of view, maybe we can go
through this without further violence.
After Mr. Thompsons funeral,
hundreds of officers lined up outside, saluting his coffin as an honor guard fired off a salute.
The department then did what
is known as a last call. A radio dispatcher, over a loudspeaker, called
for Mr. Thompson, by his name
and badge number, three times.
When he did not answer, she said a
final goodbye.
We will miss you, Brent, she
said. You will never be forgotten.
A Dallas police officer was overcome by emotion after the funeral service for Officer Brent Thompson on Wednesday.
the United States are not as divided as we seem, the poll found
that black and white Americans
hold starkly different views on
race, particularly regarding the
treatment of African-Americans
by the police.
Asked whether the police in
most communities are more likely
to use deadly force against a black
person than a white person, threequarters of African-Americans
answered yes, and only about half
as many white people agree. Fiftysix percent of whites said that the
race of the suspect made no difference in the use of force; only 18
percent of black Americans said
so.
When asked to rate the job their
local police department was doing, four in five whites said excellent or good; a majority of blacks
answered fair or poor. More than
two-fifths of black people say the
police in their communities make
them feel more anxious than safe.
By wide margins, whites and Hispanics say the police make them
feel safer.
I have been in situations where
the police have made situations
worse rather than better, Ayesha
Numan, 22, a black woman living
in Kansas City, Mo., said in a follow-up interview. Thats not to
say that I write them off as all bad.
I just have to be cautious of how
theyre acting around me.
Mr. Obama on Tuesday spoke at
a memorial service in Dallas honoring the officers killed when Micah Johnson, a 25-year-old black
Army veteran, opened fire at a
protest last Thursday. Last week
was among the most wrenching
since the Black Lives Matter
movement began three years ago:
On back-to-back days, videos
The latest New York Times/CBS

News Poll is based on telephone interviews conducted July 8 to 12 with 1,600
adults throughout the United States. Of
those, 1,358 said they were registered
to vote.
SSRS of Media, Pa., conducted sampling, interviewing and tabulation for
the survey. Interviews were in English
or Spanish.
The sample of landline telephone exchanges called was randomly selected
by a computer from a complete list of
more than 82,000 active residential exchanges across the country, maintained by MSG of Horsham, Pa. The exchanges were chosen so as to ensure
that each region of the country was represented in its proper proportion.
Within each exchange, random
digits were added to form a complete
telephone number, thus permitting access to listed and unlisted numbers
alike. Within each landline household,
one adult was designated by a random
procedure to be the respondent for the
survey.
Cellphone numbers were generated
by a similar random process. The two
samples were then combined and adjusted to assure the proper ratio of
landline-only, cellphone-only, and dualphone users.
Interviewers made multiple attempts to reach every phone number in
the survey, calling back unanswered
numbers on different days at different
times of both day and night.
The combined results have been
weighted to adjust for variation in the
were released showing the deaths

of Alton Sterling and Philando
Castile at the hands of the police,
and the Dallas attack followed a
day later.
Black and white opinion is
sharply divided on the aims and
the approach of the Black Lives
Matter movement.
Seventy percent of AfricanAmericans are sympathetic to the
movement, compared with only 37
percent of whites. Among all
Americans, 41 percent agree with
the movement, 25 percent dis-
sample relating to geographic region,

sex, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, age, education and (for landline
households) the number of adults and
number of phone lines. In addition, the
sample was adjusted to reflect the percentage of the population residing in
mostly Democratic counties, mostly
Republican counties, and counties
more closely balanced politically.
In theory, in 19 cases out of 20, overall
results based on such samples will differ by no more than 3 percentage points
in either direction from what would
have been obtained by seeking to interview all American adults. This margin
includes the effects of weighting
procedures, which enlarge sampling
error slightly.
For smaller subgroups, the margin of
sampling error is larger. For example,
it is plus or minus 9 points for the 171
black respondents, 6 points for the 393
Republican registered voters and 5
points for the 441 Democratic registered voters. Shifts in results between
polls over time also have a larger sampling error.
In addition to sampling error, the
practical difficulties of conducting any
survey of public opinion may introduce
other sources of error into the poll.
Variation in the wording, order and
translation of questions, for instance,
may lead to somewhat different results.
Michael R. Kagay of Princeton, N.J.,
assisted The Times in its polling analysis. Complete questions and results are
available at nytimes.com/polls.
agree and 29 percent do not have

an opinion either way.
Support for Black Lives Matter
correlates directly to age, with 50
percent of all adults younger than
30 saying they agree with the
movement, compared with 20 percent who disagree with it. Among
those 45 and older, 36 percent
agree and 29 percent disagree.
The Black Lives Matter movement has given a younger generation a voice in civil rights, Marc
Morial, the president of the National Urban League, said. The
police are a flash point. The

broader situation is always the
underlying issues: the criminal
justice system being broken, the
higher unemployment among
African-Americans, the slower recovery from the recession, the assault on voting rights and voter
suppression.
The nationwide Times/CBS
News Poll was conducted July 8 to
12 on cellphones and landlines
with 1,600 adults, including 171
black respondents and 1,207
whites. The margin of sampling
error is plus or minus three per-
Six in 10 Americans
see a situation
worsening.
centage points for all adults, three
points for whites and nine points
for blacks.
Eighty-four percent of Americans have heard or read at least
some news about the last weeks
racially tinged violence the
shootings in Dallas and deaths of
Mr. Castile and Mr. Sterling.
Some feel skeptical of what they
have seen and heard of police
shootings. A lot of the times you
see video, and most of its after the
altercation. You really dont see
what happens before that, said
Roger Boulanger, 46, who is white
and lives in Mendon, Mass. He
said that race relations were generally bad, but he did not perceive
them as being worse recently.
I dont want to say its 100 percent that every time someone gets
shot, its just the police being racist, he said. I dont think that.
A19
A20
In Rare Congressional Consensus, Opioid Crisis Bill Passes Spending

By EMMARIE HUETTEMAN
WASHINGTON The Senate

on Wednesday approved a bill to
tackle the nations opioid crisis,
sending to the presidents desk
the most sweeping drug legislation in years in a rare instance of
consensus in Congress.
The measure, which passed, 92
to 2, would strengthen prevention,
treatment and recovery efforts,
largely by empowering medical
professionals and law enforcement officials with more tools to
help drug addicts. It would also
expand access to a drug that
emergency medical workers
could use to help reverse overdoses and improve treatment for
the incarcerated. Senator Ben
Sasse, Republican of Nebraska,
and Senator Mike Lee, Republican of Utah, voted against the
measure. President Obama is expected to sign the bill.
This is a historic moment, the
first time in decades that Congress has passed comprehensive
addiction legislation, and the first
time Congress has ever supported
long-term addiction recovery,
said Senator Rob Portman, Republican of Ohio, whose state has
been plagued by opioid addiction.
This is also the first time that
weve treated addiction like the
disease that it is, which will help
put an end to the stigma that has
surrounded addiction for too
long.
Tensions
over
spending
threatened to derail the measure
as Democrats insisted the Senate
also vote on immediate funding to
pay for the programs the bill authorizes. Republicans said fund-
ing would be addressed in the appropriations process later this

year.
Congress has yet to send a
spending bill to President Obama
for his signature this year. With
the fiscal year ending Sept. 30,
Congress will have just a few
weeks to do so when it returns
from a seven-week recess, which
begins at the end of this week.
Mr. Portman, who has long
pushed for improved policies on
opioid and heroin addiction, said
he was optimistic the Senate Appropriations Committee would
fully fund the policy measure
which, he said, calls for increasing
overall funding by 47 percent.
This is an authorization bill,
Mr. Portman said. It authorizes
more money than weve ever even
dreamed about for opioids.
Democrats were unmoved, citing Congresss chronic difficulties
in passing spending bills. The
Obama administration has urged
Congress to add funding into this
bill, including $920 million for
states to help treat addicts.
Democrats pressed to start on
Wednesday with a measure that
would devote $600 million in
emergency
funding,
which
typically means the money would
not need to be made up with cuts
to other programs. Senator Chuck
Schumer, Democrat of New York,
said the bill was an empty promise
without the funding to increase
the number of hospital beds and
treatment providers resources
necessary to really address the
crisis.
What it says is this: that colleagues on the other side of the
On Health
To Hit High
This Year
By ROBERT PEAR
ZACH GIBSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Senator Rob Portman, Republican of Ohio, lauded Congress for sending a comprehensive bill to
President Obama that includes support for addiction recovery. But the bill didnt include funding.
aisle are more interested in showing voters theyre doing something about opioids than actually
doing something, Mr. Schumer
said on the Senate floor.
Senator John Cornyn of Texas,
the No. 2 Republican, dismissed
the idea that the drug programs
would ultimately not receive the
funding needed. Theres plenty
of money, he said.
The bill, which the House
passed on Friday, is a compromise
between the House and the Senate, combining 18 measures that

passed the House in May with the
Senates more comprehensive legislation, which was approved in
March.
Marvin Ventrell, the executive
director of the National Association of Addiction Treatment
Providers, said the measure was
an extraordinary step forward
for a nation that largely does not
address addiction as a health
problem. But while advocates

were pleased with it, they remain
concerned that the funding that
would make this bill a reality
could ultimately fail to materialize, he said.
To say that this bill without the
additional funding is meaningless
would be a gross overstatement,
Mr. Ventrell said. But to say that
it would fulfill its purpose without
additional funding would also be
incorrect.
Boston Moves to Make Guiding Beacon an Official Landmark

By JESS BIDGOOD
BOSTON This historic city

has a booming downtown, colorful
neighborhoods, charming parks
and a skyline overlooking the
river, but there is no single landmark no Space Needle, statue
or monument that shouts Boston to the world as soon as it is
spotted from a distance.
Unless you count the Citgo sign.
The 60-foot-by-60-foot white
badge, with a red triangle over the
blue Citgo, hovers six stories
above Kenmore Square, where it
can be seen from many of the major thoroughfares in and out of the
city not to mention just over left
field at Fenway Park.
If you have an out-of-towner,
and they say, Wheres Fenway
Park? you say, Follow the Citgo
sign, said Cody Burridge, 26, a
freelance photographer who was,
on a recent evening, smoking a
cigarette underneath the sign.
Its kind of a landmark, really.
Officially, not yet. But Tuesday
night, the Boston Landmarks
Commission voted to study
whether the sign should be given
landmark status, making it a
pending landmark and essentially taking the first step toward
adding the LED sign to a collection of Colonial-era buildings
and stately greens.
The building below it, which is
owned by Boston University, is for
sale, and some officials in Boston
are rushing to shore it up against
the forces of this citys white-hot
real estate boom.
With the potential sale of the
building, suddenly its future was
uncertain, said Lynn Smiledge,
the chairwoman of the Landmarks Commission, who pressed
to at least start the process of protecting the sign.
The sign seems to meet the dictionary definition of a landmark:
an object or feature of a landscape or town that is easily seen
and recognized from a distance,
especially one that enables someone to establish their location.
Greg Galer, the executive director of the Boston Preservation Alliance, said during Tuesdays
meeting, People from around the
world see the Citgo sign and, instantly, they know where they
are. Mr. Galers organization has
collected more than 5,000 signatures in an online petition to make
the sign a city landmark.
The sign, Mr. Galer said, has
become a symbol of our city.
But what, exactly, does it symbolize?
The sign was built in 1965, replacing one with a shamrock that
had been perched on the building
from 1940. Then made of neon, the
Citgo sign served as an enormous
advertisement for the oil company, which is now owned by Venezuela.
But that commercial meaning
has all but fallen away.
Citgos the last thing you think
of, said Leverett Ball, 23, a radio
promotions assistant who was
standing with his father, the economist Laurence Ball, near the sign
WASHINGTON National
health spending will average
more than $10,000 a person this
year for the first time, the Obama
administration said Wednesday, a
milestone that heralds somewhat
faster growth in health spending
after several years of exceptionally low growth.
By 2025, the administration reported, health care will represent
20 percent of the total economy, up
from 17.8 percent last year. By
2025, one of every five Americans
will be on Medicare, and the program will spend an average of
nearly $18,000 a year for each beneficiary. Medicare spent about
$12,000 per beneficiary in 2015.
The administration, in a report
published in the journal Health Affairs, predicts that the pace of
health spending will pick up in the
coming decade, driven by improvements in the economy,
higher medical prices and the aging of the people born from 1946 to
1964.
From 2015 to 2025, health
spending is expected to grow an
average of 5.8 percent a year 1.3
percentage points faster than the
economy, measured by the gross
domestic product. The numbers
are not adjusted for inflation.
By 2025, the report says, Medicaid, a program for lower-income
people, is expected to spend an average of nearly $12,500 a year for
each beneficiary, up from about
$8,000 in 2015, and spending by
private insurers is expected to average almost $8,600 for each person covered. Private insurers
spent $5,400 per insured last year.
Health spending growth is
likely to accelerate in response to
improvements in economic conditions that are projected over the
coming decade, said Sean P. Keehan, the lead author of the report,
who is an economist in the actuarys office at the Centers for
Medicare and Medicaid Services.
As the economy improves, he
A milestone of
$10,000 a person after
years of low growth.
M. SCOTT BRAUER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Landmarks Commission voted Tuesday to study whether the Citgo sign in Kenmore Square should be given landmark status.
on a recent evening.
I think of it as a symbol of the
Red Sox, the elder Mr. Ball said.
The sign has inculcated itself
into the consciousness of this
sports-crazed city because it is
close to both Fenway Park and the
finish line of the Boston Marathon.
What is more, it is a useful flare in
a city that is notoriously difficult
to navigate.
Some of its supporters have
also argued that it has artistic sig-
nificance.
Beyond the fact that its an orienting beacon, that its a bulls-eye
for the home run of the Red Sox,
that its a symbol for the marathon
finish line, is that it is a wonderful
piece of American Pop Art from
the 1960s, said Arthur Krim, a
member of the preservation faculty at Boston Architectural
College, who tried unsuccessfully
to win the sign a landmark designation in the early 1980s.
Boston has other memorable

structures. The glass monolith
formerly known as the Hancock
Tower, for example, is the citys
tallest building. And the Bunker
Hill Monument rises above the
Charlestown neighborhood. But
none of those instantly convey
Boston to a global audience in
the way that the Statue of Liberty
or the Empire State Building or
the Chrysler Building shout New
York.
MICHAEL IVINS/BOSTON RED SOX/GETTY IMAGES
The sign can be seen from many of Bostons main thoroughfares as well as Fenway Park.
But the Citgo sign does. And it

does it in a unique way, supporters
said.
In a city as architecturally conservative as Boston, the Citgo
sign represents a departure from
the banal, wrote Anulfo Baez, a
local art writer, on his blog Evolving Critic, and well be better off
by saving it for future generations
of Bostonians to enjoy.
The sign has not always been so
beloved. With the nation in the
grips of an energy crisis, the state
asked Citgo in 1979 to let it go dark,
and it stayed that way for four
years much to the chagrin of
Robert Campbell, the architecture
critic of The Boston Globe, who
called it the crown jewel of the
Boston skyline and the best
symbol Boston owns of a whole
era in American history, now
drawing to a close: the Age of
Abundance.
The sign was lit again in 1983, as
speakers blasted the song You
Light Up My Life, and it has
stayed that way nearly every
night since. In 2010, the sign was
fitted with 9,000 LED bulbs.
Its become part of the language of the city, Mr. Krim said.
Which I think everyone is quite
surprised by.
Not least Citgo itself, which sent
Brenda Rivera, a representative
from corporate communications,
to Tuesdays meeting in support of
starting the landmark process.
Although the sign bears our
name and is owned by us, Ms. Rivera said, it really belongs to
Boston.
Watch memorable TimesTalks

programs on YouTube.
YOUTUBE.COM/TIMESTALKS
said, consumers are likely to have

higher incomes, allowing them to
spend more on health care goods
and services.
Another factor fueling the
growth of health spending, he
said, is the use of high-cost specialty drugs and faster growth in
drug prices.
The report estimates that national health spending increased
5.5 percent in 2015, to a total of $3.2
trillion. The expansion of coverage under the Affordable Care
Act, through Medicaid and subsidized private insurance, contributed to higher spending on hospital and doctors services, with
fewer people reporting that they
had skipped needed medical care
because of cost concerns, the report said.
The growth of actual and projected health spending has slowed
considerably since the early
1990s. In 1993, when Bill and Hillary Clinton were leading a national
campaign to remake the nations
health care system, the Congressional Budget Office predicted
that health spending would account for 20 percent of the economy by 2003. The Obama administration now says that milestone
will not be reached until 2025.
Officials predict that health
spending will grow an average of
5.7 percent a year from 2017 to 2019
and then 6 percent a year from
2020 to 2025.
Inflation, in the health care industry and in the general economy, was exceptionally low last
year, with medical prices rising
less than 1 percent, the administration said. Officials foresee an
uptick in projected medical price
growth, driven in part by higher
wages for health care workers, the
article says.
The deep recession of 2007 to
2009, followed by a slow recovery,
curbed the growth of health
spending, and many economists
say that some provisions of the Affordable Care Act have also put
downward pressure on spending.
The new report, by career
employees at the Department of
Health and Human Services, suggests another factor that may
moderate the growth of health
spending: Consumers are wary of
using doctors services because
they face higher out-of-pocket
costs, including higher deductibles and co-payments.
At the same time, the report
says, insurers will try to prevent
sharp increases in prices by using
narrow networks of health care
providers, which limit consumers
choice of doctors and hospitals.
New Likely Dwarf Planet Is Discovered

By KENNETH CHANG
The neighborhood beyond Neptune is becoming ever more

crowded, with astronomers announcing this week the discovery
of another likely dwarf planet.
A survey at the Canada-FranceHawaii Telescope in Hawaii has
been tracking more than 600 bodies in a ring of icy debris known as
the Kuiper belt. One of them
turned out to be the likely dwarf
planet.
This is a big fish among a
whole lot of small ones were
working with, said Michele Bannister, a postdoctoral fellow at the
University of Victoria in British
Columbia who is working on the
survey.
In the year since NASAs New
Horizons spacecraft flew past
Pluto, planetary astronomers continue to make new discoveries in
the Kuiper belt and what it might
reveal about the earliest days of
the solar system. The study of
these objects also offers hints
about the formation and migration of the gas giant planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Even if the newly found world is
a dwarf planet, however, it will
probably be years before it might
earn official designation part of
the confusion of definitions that
followed the International Astronomical Unions decision in 2006
to demote Pluto and reduce the solar system to eight planets from
nine.
More than 100 bodies in the solar system, all but one located
along the ring of icy debris beyond
Neptune, appear to meet the definition of a dwarf planet, a category that the astronomical union
created to describe Pluto as well
as Ceres, the largest asteroid, and
Eris, a Kuiper belt object slightly
smaller than Pluto. (A fullstatured planet has an additional
requirement: It must have
cleared the neighborhood of
smaller debris.)
If dwarf planets were to be reclassified as planets, as advocates
for restoring Pluto to full planethood status hope to do, forget
about ever trying to devise a
workable mnemonic device.
The new object, designated 2015
RR245, was first spotted in February as the astronomers looked
through images taken five months

earlier. Further observations a
few weeks ago confirmed the objects 700-year loping path around
the sun.
The astronomers cannot directly measure the objects size.
Rather, from its brightness, how
far away it is and an assumption of
how reflective its surface is
most Kuiper belt objects are
roughly the darkness of coal
they estimated the diameter to be
370 to 500 miles wide.
They also cannot directly tell if
2015 RR245 is round the definition of a dwarf planet requires that
the gravity is strong enough to
pull the body into the shape of a
ball.
Mimas, a 250-mile-wide icy
moon of Saturn, is round, and it is
One of hundreds of
objects along icy
debris past Neptune.
likely that the much larger 2015
RR245 is also round.
The astronomical union has
been slow to designate new dwarf
planets, adding just two since
2006: Haumea and Makemake.
But there is a slew of additional
Kuiper belt objects larger than Mimas.
If the 435-mile diameter is accurate, 2015 RR245 would rank as
just the 19th largest potential
dwarf planet. Larger objects include Quaoar, Orcus, Salacia and
still-unnamed objects with temporary designations like 2007
OR10 and 2002 MS4.
I hate to say any Kuiper belt
object is uninteresting, but its a
typical Kuiper belt object that is in
the top 20 biggest ones, said Michael E. Brown, a professor of
planetary astronomy at the California Institute of Technology who
discovered Eris and most of the
larger Kuiper belt objects through
a sky survey a decade ago. This
one is no more or less bizarre than
most of them.
Dr. Browns computer keeps
track of large Kuiper belt objects,
and currently, 96 of them appear

to be larger than Mimas and thus
most likely to be round dwarf
planets. Another 300 are smaller,
but possibly could still be large
enough to be round. Dwarf
planets are not a rare class of objects in the outer solar system,
Dr. Brown said.
Dr. Brown and a colleague, Konstantin Batygin, further upended
the field this year when they proposed the existence of a new planet, somewhere between the size of
Earth and Neptune, in an orbit far
beyond Pluto. They made their
prediction based on the orbits of
distant objects that all appeared
to be aligned in roughly the same
direction, nudged by the gravitational force of the unseen planet,
which they are calling Planet
Nine.
Dr. Bannisters dwarf planet is
not distant enough to be affected
by Planet Nine, but at least one of
the 600 objects tracked by the survey is. She declined to give details,
but has described it in talks, including one attended by Dr.
Brown.
I know that its going to fit in at
least with most of the story, Dr.
Brown said. Its exactly in the direction it should be for Planet
Nine.
Dr. Brown said Planet Nine, if it
exists, could be confirmed in two
to three years.
S. Alan Stern, the principal investigator of the New Horizons
mission and one of Plutos most
vocal defenders, said the ninth
planet was discovered long ago.
My opinion about Planet Nine,
which is Pluto, is just the same,
he said. Its a planet.
He agrees with Dr. Browns assertion that many objects as small
as 2015 RR245 or smaller are almost certainly dwarf planets, and
he thinks they should all be
planets.
Dr. Stern has even gone a step
further, arguing that round moons
like Earths moon should also be
counted as planets. There are a
lot of little guys, he said. We
were just wrong to think that
there were just a few planets and
they were all close and they were
all big like Jupiter or big like the
Earth.
Chinese Businessman Sentenced in Hacking

LOS ANGELES (Reuters) A
Chinese
businessman
who
pleaded guilty in March to conspiring to hack the computer networks of the Boeing Company and
other major American military
contractors was sentenced on
Wednesday to nearly four years in
prison, prosecutors said.
The businessman, Su Bin, 51,
was charged with taking part in a
scheme by Chinese military officers to obtain sensitive United
States military information over
several years. In addition to the
46-month prison term, a judge in
the United States District Court in
Los Angeles also ordered Mr. Su to
Watch The Times.

NYTimes.com/Video.
pay a fine of $10,000.

Su Bins sentence is a just punishment for his admitted role in a
conspiracy with hackers from the
Peoples Liberation Army Air
Force to illegally access and steal
sensitive U.S. military information, John P. Carlin, the assistant
attorney general for national security, said in a statement.
Su assisted the Chinese military hackers in their efforts to illegally access and steal designs for
cutting-edge military aircraft that
are indispensable to our national
defense, the statement said.
In an indictment, prosecutors
said Mr. Su traveled to the United
States at least 10 times from 2008
to 2014 and worked to steal the
data with two unidentified co-conspirators based in China.
The three conspirators were ac-
cused of stealing plans related to

the Boeing C-17 military transport
plane and the Boeing F-22 and
Lockheed Martin F-35 fighter jets,
and attempting to sell them to Chinese companies.
According to prosecutors, in
pleading guilty, Mr. Su admitted
sending emails to his co-conspirators telling them which people,
companies and technologies to
target with their hacking, and
translating the stolen material
from English to Chinese.
Mr. Su admitted taking part in
the crime for financial gain,
prosecutors said.
The Chinese government has
repeatedly denied any involvement in hacking.
Mr. Su was arrested in Canada
in 2014 and ultimately consented
to extradition to the United States.
A21
OBITUARIES
LUCA BRUNO/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Bernardo Provenzano, center, escorted by officers in Palermo, Sicily, after his arrest in 2006.
Bernardo Provenzano, Who Led

Sicilian Mafia Clan, Is Dead at 83
By SAM ROBERTS
Bernardo Provenzano, the godfather of Sicilys flesh-and-blood

Corleone crime family who eluded
the police for 43 years and who
was a convicted conspirator in the
murder of Italys two leading Mafia prosecutors, died on Wednesday in Milan. He was 83.
His lawyer, Rosalba Di Gregorio, said he had been suffering
from Parkinsons disease, cancer
and a stroke, and that he had been
hospitalized since 2014 under the
supervision of prison authorities.
In 2006, Mr. Provenzano was arrested in a squalid shepherds
shack where he had been living
about a mile from Corleone, the
hardscrabble hilltop town where
he was born, which Mario Puzo
mythologized as the original
home of the New York gangsters
who swaggered through novels
and movies about organized
crime, most notably The Godfather.
Mr. Provenzano was originally
nicknamed the Tractor, a name he
earned by viciously mowing down
investigators, journalists and
other victims.
He was later was called the Accountant, for his mastery of the
mobs finances and, after he became the boss of the Sicilian Cosa
Nostra clans in 1993, his relatively
conciliatory regime, during which
there were fewer bloody bombings and a shift from narcotics to
white-collar crime.
He had another name, too: the
Phantom, which stemmed from
his record as Italys longestsought fugitive. Armed only with
a photograph of Mr. Provenzano
from 1959, the authorities had
sought him for murder since 1963
but failed to apprehend him until
2006 leading cynical Sicilians to
suspect that he was being protected by powerful people.
In the 1980s and 90s, he managed the Mafias finances from an
18th-century villa in Bagheria, a
Palermo suburb, forgoing telephones and bank accounts, and
surreptitiously being chauffeured
to business meetings in an ambulance.
After he holed up in his dilapidated farmhouse refuge outside
Corleone, about 36 miles south of
Palermo, he subsisted largely on
honey and vegetables. He communicated by passing typed notes
Gaia Pianigiani contributed
reporting from Rome.
VIA REUTERS
A mug shot of Mr. Provenzano taken in 1959. He was captured

at age 73 after more than four decades on the run.
on tiny rolled-up pieces of paper
peppered with religious references (Mr. Provenzano was said
to have been a devout Roman
Catholic and had five Bibles on
hand) and passed hand to hand by
a chain of messengers. It might
take as long as 48 hours for a note
to travel the mile from his farmhouse to town.
Bernardo Provenzano was born
in Corleone on Jan. 30, 1933, to
farmworker parents. He left
school to work in the fields when
he was 10, the same year the Allies
liberated Sicily. As a teenager, before he was ever wanted by the police, he was being pursued by fel-
A real-life Mafia boss

born in a town called
Corleone.
low mobsters during a gang war.
But unlike Vito Andolini in The
Godfather, he remained in Sicily.
Mr. Provenzano sided with Luciano Leggio, who ran the clan until he was imprisoned in 1974. Mr.
Leggio was succeeded by Salvatore Riina, a bloodthirsty boss
who installed Mr. Provenzano as
his second in command (despite
Mr. Leggios verdict that Mr. Provenzano shoots like a god but he
has the brain of a chicken).
Mr. Riina was arrested in 1993.
Four years later, he and 23 of his
top lieutenants were sentenced to
life imprisonment in the 1992
bombing death of Giovanni Falcone, the crusading prosecutor
whose assassination made him a
martyr of Italys war against organized crime. Mr. Provenzano was
the only one of the 24 who was not

apprehended at the time.
Mr. Falcone was killed with his
wife and three bodyguards as
their car sped over a culvert
packed with explosives on a highway outside Palermo. His death
and the subsequent murder of his
top associate, Paolo Borsellino,
were ordered by Mr. Riina and the
five-member Cupola, the commission of mob bosses, which included Mr. Provenzano, to pressure
prosecutors into backing off. But
the killings and the bombings of
Italian monuments the next summer backfired, prompting a crackdown on organized crime.
Mr. Provenzano managed to
elude the police for nearly a decade more. As recently as a month
before he was captured in 2006,
his former defense lawyer declared that Mr. Provenzano was
dead and insisted that his
hunters were chasing a ghost.
Investigators continued to
monitor his partner, Saveria
Benedetta Palazzolo, and their
two sons, Angelo and Paolo, who
had returned to Corleone in 1993.
They spotted a bundle of laundry
and tracked it over several days
as it was passed from her house to
the farmhouse outside of town.
When the door opened and a hand
reached out to retrieve the bundle,
they arrested their prey.
Mr. Provenzano, then 73, offered no resistance, but delivered
a be-careful-what-you-wish-for
warning that suggested his arrest
might spark another Mafia war.
You have no idea, he said
cryptically, what youve done.
While its extortion and protection rackets survive, however, the
Sicilian Mafia has never fully recovered from the backlash to its
bloody legacy.
Goran Hadzic, 58, Ex-Chief of Rebel Serbs

By The Associated Press
A leader in Croatia
who later faced war
crimes charges.
Goran Hadzic, a former leader

of rebel Serbs in Croatia, died on
Tuesday in Novi Sad, in northern
Serbia. He was 58.
The Hospital Center, where he
died, announced the death. Mr.
Hadzic had brain cancer.
Mr. Hadzic was arrested in 2011
and faced war crimes charges in
connection with his leadership of
a campaign to carve off one-third
of Croatia and join it to Serbia. The
United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague dropped the
case against him because of his
terminal illness and released him
from jail last year.
He had pleaded not guilty to involvement in the murder of hundreds of Croats and the expulsion
of tens of thousands more from
their homeland during a war from
RANKO CUKOVIC/REUTERS
More obituaries appear on

the following page.
Goran Hadzic in Okucani,

Croatia, in 1993. Arrested in
2011, he was freed last year.
1991 to 1995 in which ethnic Serbs

in Croatia rebelled against a
Croatian push for independence
from Yugoslavia, which was led by
Serbs.
Mr. Hadzic was indicted by the
International Criminal Tribunal
for the Former Yugoslavia in 2004
but evaded arrest and lived as a
fugitive in Serbia, Russia and elsewhere for seven years before being captured. He was the last suspect wanted by the tribunal.
Serbia has now concluded its
most difficult chapter in the cooperation with the Hague tribunal, President Boris Tadic of
Serbia said when Mr. Hadzic was
arrested in July 2011.
A22
THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
Maralin Niska, 89, a Lyric Soprano

At City Opera Who Won Hearts, Dies
By WILLIAM GRIMES
Maralin Niska, a lyric soprano

whose mesmerizing stage presence and command of dozens of
roles made her a mainstay of New
York City Opera in the 1960s and
70s, died on Saturday at her home
in Santa Fe, N.M. She was 89.
Her husband, William Mullen,
confirmed her death.
Ms. Niska, who joined the company in 1967, had a dark, supple,
powerful voice, heard to advantage in her performances as CioCio-San in Puccinis Madama
Butterfly, Violetta in Verdis La
Traviata and the title role in Richard Strausss Ariadne auf Naxos.
But it was her dramatic gifts and
movie-star looks The Daily
News of New York once said she
resembled Ava Gardner of the
love goddess years that
earned her a special place in the
hearts of opera fans.
Ms. Niska appeared in 29 lead
roles with New York City Opera,
more than any other singer. None
of the roles made a bigger impact
than her breakout performance in
1970 in Janaceks The Makropulos Affair as Emilia Marty, an
opera singer who has lived for 342
years in a series of guises after
drinking a magic potion.
Miss Niska was sensational,
the critic Harold C. Schonberg
wrote in The New York Times. It
was clear that her mother was a
vampire, her father a lycanthrope.
She looked like a Gibson girl with
the best features of both her parents. Implacable, beautiful, cold,
selfish, hard, amoral, she lowered
the temperature of the stage to
near absolute zero.
Frank Corsaro, a theater director who worked with Ms. Niska on
many of her most memorable
Deaths
ADAMSBerenice
(Halperin), 98, of Great Neck,
NY on July 10th at home. Predeceased by husband Stanley
Adams, President of ASCAP
for 24 years and son Andrew
Levin. Dearly loved. Survived
by her son John Levin, and
granddaughters
Elizabeth
and Katie and several nieces
and nephews. She was an exceptional Interior Designer
before retiring.
BRADEMASJohn,
husband of Dr. Mary Ellen

Brademas, passed away following a long illness on July
11, 2016 at the age of 89. They
were married in 1977 when he
was a Member of Congress
and she was a medical student at Georgetown University. John Brademas was a visionary leader in Congress
and in higher education. A
graduate of Harvard, he went
on to earn a Doctorate at Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar. He
represented Indiana's Third
Congressional District in the
U.S. House of Representatives from 1959-81, the last
four years serving as Majority Whip. For over two decades on Capitol Hill, he became known as a champion
of the arts, humanities, education, and services for children, elderly and disabled. In
1981, he became the 13th
President of New York University, serving until 1992. As
President, launching a $1 billion fundraising campaign, he
led the transformation of
NYU from regional commuter school to an internationally prestigious residential research university. Following
his tenure as NYU President,
he continued to be active in
public life, dedicating himself
to causes in the fields of democracy,
peace
building,
fighting corruption and promoting arts and culture, including serving as Chairman
of President Clinton's Committee on the Arts and the
Humanities and founding at
NYU two centers reflecting
his lifelong interests: the King
Juan Carlos I of Spain Center,
supporting scholarship on
modern Spain, and the John
Brademas Center, focusing
on Congress and public policy. He is also survived by his
sister, Eleanor Brazeau; his
stepchildren, Katherine Goldberg (Tom), Jane Murray,
and John Briggs (Robin); his
step - grandchildren, James
(Alexis) and Briggs Goldberg,
Cameron and John Murray,
and Alexandra and Molly
Briggs; and his step-greatgrandson, Maxwell Jay Goldberg. Visitation will be held on
Thursday 12-2pm and 5-7pm.
Funeral Service will be on
Friday at 9:30am at Frank E.
Campbell The Funeral Chapel, 81st Street and Madison
Avenue. In lieu of flowers, the
Brademas family suggests
contributions in John Brademas' honor be made to the
NYU Brademas Center, 53
Washington Square S., Room
308, New York, NY 10012.
BRAUNPhyllis Thurlow
Chase, 98, died July 3, 2016.
Predeceased by husband
Seymour Braun (1923-1986)
and three brothers. Retired
as editor of Scholastic's Arrow Book Club in 1985 after 42
years in publishing industry.
Maralin Niska in 1971. She appeared in 29 lead roles with

New York City Opera.
performances, envisioned the
character as a witchy, dissolute,
sexual creature, and Ms. Niska
delivered. At one point in the
opera, she stripped to the waist,
A star known for her

impassioned
performances and
movie-star looks.
her back turned to the audience.
She was known for impassioned
performances she once
stamped out a cigarette with her
bare foot in Pagliacci but in
this instance she surprised even
herself. I personally do not feel
Deaths
BROWNRoscoe C., Jr.
The
Community
Service
Society (CSS) and its President and CEO David R.
Jones mourn the death of
Roscoe C. Brown Jr., 94, a
Tuskegee Airman in World
War II, an educator, and mentor to a generation of African-American policy makers and
civic leaders. Among his
many achievements, he was
the first U.S. pilot to shoot
down a German fighter jet. A
remarkable feat considering
he did it from the cockpit of a
propeller plane. At the time,
the accepted view of blacks
in the military was that they
were not equally capable as
their
white
counterparts.
Brown, who received his doctoral degree from NYU, shattered that myth. Despite being subjected to vicious bigotry and racism, he went on to
fly 68 combat missions, was
heralded as a war hero along
with his fellow Tuskegee Airmen and received the Distinguished Flying Cross, the
Congressional Gold Medal
and numerous other awards.
Over his illustrious career in
public service Brown worked
tirelessly to address educational inequities and expand
access to educational opportunities in New York's poor
communities. With great sadness we mark his death, and
extend our deepest sympathies to his family and
friends.
CAMPIAKenneth M.,
died on July 7, 2016 in his
home.
For
service
info
see obituary on legacy.com.
DRURY-JOHNSONSusan.
March 11, 1955 - July 10, 2016.
Susan Drury-Johnson, 61, of
Mamaroneck, NY, died at
1:15am Sunday, July 10, 2016
in the presence of her husband and three sons. She had
been under palliative care for
lung cancer. Susan was born
March 11, 1955 in East Orange, NJ to Bob and Sylvia
Drury. She is survived by her
husband, David, of 29 years
and
her
three
boys
Christopher, Nicholas, and
Dylan, as well as her three
siblings, Robert, Ellen, and
David. Susan and her family
had been residents of Mamaroneck for 25 years. Susan
graduated from Fairleigh
Dickinson College and had a
long, successful career on
Madison Avenue. Susan was
considered one of the pioneers of the digital age, introducing that process into the
advertising community. She
was often asked to address
women's groups on the subject of being a successful female executive. Above all
else, Susan was loving, caring, and selfless. She was the
determined mother of three
boys who she put before all
else and who in turn wanted
nothing more but to make
her proud. She was a pillar of
the community; she took active roles in the school system, church, and served as a
counselor and role model for
countless individuals who
looked to her for wisdom and
guidance. She will be long remembered for her leadership
and contributions to her fellow friends of Bill. Susan was
an avid reader. She cherished
the beach, and enjoyed exercising. Susan loved the arts
specifically music, movies,
and theatre. Susan would
want noted her special relationship with the Johnson family dog, Leo. A Memorial
service will be held on July 23
at 11:00am, Rye Presbyterian
Church, 882 Boston Post
Road, Rye, New York 10580.
Contributions as a memorial
may be made to the American
Cancer
Society
at
donate.cancer.org.
sexy, she told The Times in 1971.

What Frank Corsaro pulled out of
me I didnt know was there.
Ms. Niska was born Maralin
Fae Dice on Nov. 16, 1926, in San
Pedro, Calif. Her mother, the former Vera Stott, was a nurse. Her
father, William, was a contractor
with a good baritone voice.
When I was a child he taught
me songs and we sang duets, she
told The Daily News in 1970. But
he also taught me how to use a
pneumatic drill.
She took piano and violin
lessons as a child. When she was
in high school, an interested
teacher coached her in the basics
of vocal technique. She attended
the University of California, Los
Angeles, and, after graduating
with a degree in English literature, taught second graders in a
public school in Torrance, Calif.,
for four years.
While teaching, she often sang
in churches, at funerals and at rallies to raise money for Israel
bonds. Taking a year off from
teaching, she studied with the vocal coach Ernest St. John Metz
and the soprano Lotte Lehmann,
who instructed her in lieder
singing. She also studied tap and
jazz dance, disciplines that contributed to the athleticism of her
performances.
In 1954, she sang the role of Marguerite in Charles Gounods
Faust in a workshop production
presented by Palo Verde College
in California. After appearing with
numerous local and regional companies, she took the role of Violetta in La Traviata for the inaugural season of the Los Angeles
Grand Opera Company in 1960.
Despite the advice of teachers
and friends, she refused to go to
Deaths
Adams, Berenice
Franco, Arnold
Sprayregen, Nicholas
Brademas, John
Goldman, Muriel
Swain, Elizabeth
Braun, Phyllis
Malinak, Sandra
Tilyou, George
Brown, Roscoe
Payne, Richard
Campia, Kenneth
Schulman, Michael
GOLDMANMuriel
Lepolstat, passed away July
13, 2016, at age 89. Beloved
wife of the late Irving, devoted mom of Ellen (Brian) and
Elissa (David zl), adored
grandma of Jason (Jaclyn),
Lauren (Tim), Samantha, and
Erika, loving great-grandma
of Nathan, and caring sister
of Stanley Lepolstat and Helen Tepper. Service at Plaza
Jewish Community Chapel,
630 Amsterdam Avenue, at
10:00am on Friday, July 15.
MALINAKSandra,
passed away July 10, 2016 after a brief hospitalization. She
was born July 20, 1928 in
Brooklyn, NY to Murray
Chenenko and Jean Finkelstein Chenenko. She was a
1949 graduate of Brooklyn
College and retired from the
New York City School System
where she taught math for 30
years. She was loved by each
and everyone she knew,
especially her surviving son,
Jonathan Leigh Malinak and
brother, Norman Chenenko.
She was predeceased by her
father, mother, and sister,
Elaine Chenenko Glicksman.
Also survived by nephews,
Steve Chenenko, Ricky Chenenko, Richard Glicksman,
and Charles Glicksman, and
niece, Joni Chenenko Winnick; great-niece and nephews,
and
great - great nephews. All who would like
to share memories of Sandy
may join family and friends
on Thursday, July 14, 1-2pm
at 138-52 Elder Ave., Flushing,
NY 11355. Memorial donations may be made to: Independence Residences, Inc.,
93-22 Jamaica Ave., 2nd Flr,
Woodhaven, NY 11421 or
Lighthouse Guild for the
Blind, 15 West 65th Street,
New York, NY 10023.
PAYNERichard Sylvester,
of Larchmont, NY and Block
Island, RI, died on July 12,
2016. Born November 27, 1931
in Providence, RI, he attended Providence College and
graduated from Boston College Law School. He married
Jane Frances Monahan in
1956, she predeceased him in
2005. Dick worked as a tax attorney for Mobil Oil, Celanese
and Siemens Corporation.
Dick is survived by seven
children. He was predeceased by two sons. He is
also survived by 16 grandchildren and two sisters. In
lieu of flowers, donations in
his name to Swim Across
America would be gratefully
appreciated. Visiting today,
July 14th, 4-8pm at John J.
Fox Funeral Home in Larchmont. Mass Friday 11am at
St. Augustine Church. For full
obituary go to JJFFH.com.
SCHULMANMichael D.
On July 9, 2016. A man of intelligence, faith and wisdom,
Michael leaves behind adoring family and friends.
SLATERSelma.
High Ridge Country Club acknowledges with sorrow the
passing of our esteemed
member, Selma Slater. We
extend our deepest sympathy to her family.
Robert D. Lang, President
Harvey Karofsky, Secretary
Europe to study and build a career. The more I heard that, the
more I rebelled, she told The
Times in 1971. Ive never even
been to Europe, and I dont have
any desire to go. She added, Im
still one of the few holdouts who
are truly American in training, experience, everything.
After she sang the part of Mimi
in La Bohme for the opening of
the San Diego Opera in 1965, Rudolf Bing, the general manager of
the Metropolitan Opera, hired her
for a new venture, a national company of the Met. She made her debut in Indianapolis in the title role
of Susannah, by the American
composer Carlisle Floyd.
The Metropolitan National
Company lasted only two seasons,
but Ms. Niska was soon hired by

the New York City Opera and
made her company debut as
Countess Almaviva in The Marriage of Figaro. Her many
performances with the company
included a rare doubleheader in
1976, in which she sang the lead
parts in Cavalleria Rusticana
and Pagliacci on the same
evening.
She appeared often at the Met
after stepping in as Violetta in La
Traviata for a matinee performance in 1970. On March 15, 1977, for
the first Live From the Metropolitan Opera telecast, she sang the
role of Musetta in La Bohme,
with Luciano Pavarotti and Renata Scotto. She appeared for the
last time with New York City
SPRAYREGENNicholas
(Nick), on July 13, 2016. Owner and president of Tuck-ItAway Storage. Founder and
managing member of Rising
Development. Beloved husband of Jaynee, devoted
father of Matthew, Emily,
Jonathan,
Benjamin
and
Lilee Bea. Also survived by
his loving mother Fredrica
and father Gerald, former
wife Karen, siblings Lisa and
Pamela. He will be missed by
extended family and many
friends. Service Thursday,
July 14th, 1pm at The Riverside, 76 St. and Amsterdam
Ave. Contributions in his memory may be made to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Melanoma and
Immunotherapy
Research
under Dr. Jedd Wolchok.
SPRAYREGENNicholas.
We mourn the passing of our
friend and esteemed client,
Nick Sprayregen. Although
Nick was a preeminent real
estate investor and businessman, his true legacy is his family, to whom he was passionately devoted. He was a
true renaissance man. We
will long remember and miss
his intelligence, loyalty and
wit. Our heartfelt condolences to the entire Sprayregen
family.
Andrew, Steve and
Goldberg Weprin
SPRAYREGENNick.
Congregation Rodeph Sholom mourns the untimely
death of our longtime member, Nick Sprayregen, beloved husband of Jaynee
Sprayregen. We will miss his
incredible caring and devotion to family, friends and
community. Our heartfelt
condolences to Jaynee, the
children Matthew, Emily,
Jonathan,
Benjamin
and
Lilee, Karen Sprayregen and
all their dear ones.
Robert N. Levine, DD,
Senior Rabbi
Martin Flumenbaum,
President
SWAINElizabeth.
The Board of Directors and
staff of the Community
Health Care Association of
New York State mourn the
loss of Elizabeth Swain, President and Chief Executive
Officer since 2005. Elizabeth
was a tireless advocate for
the community health center
movement who devoted her
life's work to social and economic justice in health care.
A strong and supportive leader, colleague and friend, she
will be remembered for her
fierce dedication to the belief
that access to high quality,
culturally - sensitive
health
care is a right of all people.
We are deeply grateful to
have
worked
with
and
learned from Elizabeth and
for her many years of
thoughtful and inspired leadership. We extend our heartfelt
condolences
to
her
family.
TILYOUGeorge C.,
grandson and namesake of
the founder of Coney Island's
Steeplechase
Park,
and
maternal grandson of Brooklyn political leader, John H.
McCooey. Passed on July 11,
2016 at 90 years of age. Dearly beloved husband, father,
grandfather, uncle, cousin
and friend. His special charm,
wit and humor will be deeply
missed. In repose at Nolan &
Taylor-Howe Funeral Home,
5 Laurel Ave., Northport, NY.
nthfh.com.
In Memoriam
ROBBINSLester.
Your family and close friends
are thinking of you, remembering
your
warmth,
strength, wit and your deep,
abiding interest in and love
for each of us.
Sheila
Opera as Queen Elizabeth in

Donizettis Maria Stuarda in
1981.
Ms. Niska, whose first marriage
ended in divorce, leaves no survivors other than her husband,
whom she met when she was performing with the Santa Fe Opera
in 1968 and he was playing violin
in the orchestra.
Throughout her career, Ms.
Niska squirmed when writers described her as a star. It almost
means not being a human being,
because you feel you have to be
perfect every time, she told The
Times in 1971. I want to experiment, or be allowed to fail or be
told Im bad when Im bad. I want
to know what people are saying
behind my back.
Vaughn Harper, 70, Soothing Radio D.J.

By DANIEL E. SLOTNIK
Drury-Johnson, Susan Slater, Selma
FRANCOArnold C.
The Queens College family
mourns the passing of Arnold
C. Franco, 1943. Mr. Franco
was an inspirational presence
on campus whose legacy includes the Franco Award in
History and the World War II
Memorial Plaza. Queens College recognized his many
achievements with an honorary doctorate in 2000 and a
Lifetime
Achievement
Award in 2016. We are profoundly grateful for his heroism and dedication to his
alma mater. We extend our
heartfelt condolences to Mr.
Franco's family. He will be
fondly
remembered
and
deeply missed.
FRED FEHL
Ms. Niska stripped to the waist in The Makropulos Affair, her 1970 breakout performance.
Vaughn Harper, a disc jockey

who kept New Yorkers company
after dark for decades with soothing music and a sleek baritone
voice on the WBLS radio show
Quiet Storm, died on Saturday in
Englewood, N.J. He was 70.
The cause was complications of
diabetes, said his wife, Sandra
Harper.
Mr. Harper joined WBLS in 1976
after Frankie Crocker, the stations program director, heard him
working as a nightclub M.C. His
show took the name Quiet
Storm in the early 1980s.
Quiet Storm opened with the
sound of a soft breeze and seamlessly blended different eras and
styles of music, from blues to
smooth jazz to contemporary
R&B a new Luther Vandross
song might be followed by a classic from Nat King Cole, for example all of it anchored by Mr.
Harpers singular, intimate voice.
The show quickly became a
nightly staple for city dwellers
and a signature for WBLS, which
was for many years one of the toprated stations in New York.
One of the secrets of the shows
popularity was that it conveyed a
feeling of repose rather than adhering to a strict musical format.
The essence of the show is the
fact that its not a show to me, Mr.
Harper told Newsday in 1988. I
try to present it more as a mood
than a show.
Then there was the warm pull of
Mr. Harpers voice, which has
been described as, among other
things, like dark chocolate melting in your mouth and so smooth
and easy it washes over the listeners ears like a warm shower.
With a voice like that, Mr.
WBLS
A mood of repose: Vaughn

Harper, the longtime disc
jockey on the nighttime
WBLS show Quiet Storm.
Harper would seem a natural for
radio. But he might never have
ended up behind a microphone if
his professional basketball career
had worked out.
Vaughn Harper (he later added
a middle name, Ian) was born in
Harlem on March 1, 1946, and grew
A voice and a musical

mix that had the effect
of a warm shower.
up there. Standing 6-foot-4 by the
time he was a teenager, he became
a standout basketball player for
Boys High School in Brooklyn. In
1962, he scored 12 points to help
Boys High defeat George W.
Wingate High School, 50-45, for
the Public Schools Athletic
League title.
He attended Syracuse Univer-
sity on a basketball scholarship

and played on the varsity team for
three seasons. He was nicknamed
the Kangaroo Kid on campus because of his lofty jumps.
Alongside teammates like Dave
Bing, a future Hall of Fame player
and mayor of Detroit, and Jim
Boeheim, now Syracuses coach,
he helped Syracuse reach the
round of eight in the National Collegiate Athletic Association tournament in 1966. As a senior, he led
the team in scoring, with 15.8
points per game, and over his career he scored a total of 1,070
points and averaged 10.9 rebounds per game.
He graduated in 1968 and was
drafted by the Detroit Pistons, but
his career never took off.
In 1988, he married Sandra
Ross, with whom he lived in Teaneck, N.J. In addition to her, he is
survived by three daughters,
Dionnee Harper, Brieanna Nesbitt and Melanie Garrett.
Mr. Harpers radio career
nearly came to an end after he had
a stroke in 1993, but he eventually
returned to the airwaves. He also
worked for the New York-area stations WBGO, WWRL and WTJM,
but ended his career back at
WBLS in 2008. He was also the
voice of a disc jockey on one of the
stations available to players in the
video game Grand Theft Auto
IV.
Mr. Harper told The Daily News
in 2001 that he lamented the lack of
perspective of younger fans when
it came to music, but that it was
not entirely their fault.
You have kids today who have
never even heard of Nancy Wilson
or Sarah Vaughan, he said. Radio needs to say, This is someone
you should listen to and know
about.
A23
PHOTOGRAPHS BY CHRISTOPHER LEE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Officers stood guard outside a deli on Broadway in Brooklyn as it was being raided on Wednesday. Dozens of people went to the hospital this week for suspected overdoses of K2, a synthetic drug.
Police Raid Five Bodegas Amid Fears That Use of a Potent Drug Is Rising
By ELI ROSENBERG
New York City police raided five

bodegas in Brooklyn on Wednesday, a
day after a wave of suspected overdoses
from the synthetic drug K2 sent at least
33 people to the hospital and raised fears
that the use of a substance that officials
had indicated was on the wane was instead on the rise.
The police found no K2, the synthetic
chemical drug meant to mimic marijuana which is illegal in New York State
in any of their raids, James Byrne, a
spokesman for the Police Department,
Packaging for K2 found on the street

in Brooklyn on Tuesday.
said. People at three stores, including the
Big Boy Deli on Broadway, were arrested
on charges of selling improperly taxed
cigarettes, Mr. Byrne said.
The raids were just one reverberation
from the localized public health emergency, which unfolded in several square
blocks around an intersection on the border of the Bedford-Stuyvesant and Bushwick neighborhoods.
On Wednesday, there were few signs in
Nate Schweber contributed reporting.
the area that the crisis had abated at the

bustling intersection. Near where emergency workers found the first eight people on Tuesday, a shoeless man sat on a
stump staring into space, a No Smoking
K2 sign behind him. He got up and muttered as he walked down the block.
Around the corner, a man rocked back
in forth in the morning breeze, a handrolled cigarette burning between his fingers. On Myrtle Avenue, two people sat
on the sidewalk in a stupor, as one folded
over on herself, while the other struggled
to keep his eyes open. Two ambulances
were parked in the area.
It moves from neighborhood to neighborhood, said Kimbell Frazer, a supervisor at the nonprofit Bowery Mission, as
he helped to hand out sandwiches and
apples to people in the area around Myrtle Avenue JMZ subway station, where a
group of people had been found yesterday in varying states of stupor. It never
stops in one place for too long.
Mr. Frazer said that in the winter, K2
had been a problem around the Bowery
Mission, which serves homeless people
in Lower Manhattan, before its leaders
changed their policies to cut down the
traffic of people outside.
Its a real epidemic, Mr. Frazer said.
Standing nearby, Calvin Williams, 50,
who said he had used K2 for 10 years,
spoke about its appeal.
K2 is like an elucidating high, he
said.
Mr. Williams said it gave him the feeling of doing something for the first time.
You know like youre a little kid, and you
done something good for the first time,
and it gave you a rush and you felt good,
he said.
The overdoses have come on the heels
of what had seemed like a series of accomplishments in the fight against the
Adrian Llewellyn, a doctor at Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center,

was on duty when the hospital treated people for suspected K2 overdoses.
drug after public officials had warned of
a public health crisis last summer.
In September, federal and city authorities conducted a sweeping crackdown,
raiding 90 bodegas and charging 10 people related to the sales of K2. In May, city
officials, including Mayor Bill de Blasio;
the City Council speaker, Melissa MarkViverito; and Dr. Mary T. Bassett, the
health commissioner, spoke of an 85 percent reduction in K2-related emergency
room visits, citing the work of law enforcement and other city agencies.
But the overdoses this week were a
sign that the potent drug, which experts
say is made more appealing by prices as
low as a $1 a cigarette, was still a force.
We took a lot of the product off the

streets and out of the warehouses, and
for a while it was tougher to get it on the
street, said James J. Hunt, the special
agent in charge of the Drug Enforcement
Administrations New York division.
But its back.
Agent Hunt said most K2 originated in
China, where the chemicals that give the
drug its potency are produced. After being shipped here, the chemicals are
sprayed on an inert plant before it is
packaged and sold. The whole guise
here is to make people think its similar to
marijuana, he said.
He said that though the drug was outlawed in New York State in 2012, stores
selling it sometimes tried to exploit a legal loophole, saying on packages that the
substance was not for human consumption.
Agent Hunt said the large number of
overdoses on Tuesday was probably the
result of a bad batch.
This stuff is mixed by bathtub
chemists, he said. Thats why you see
what happened yesterday.
Hospital officials spoke about the
stark human toll that the drug had taken
on those admitted on Tuesday. Dr. Robert
Chin, the chief of the emergency department at the Woodhull Medical and Mental Health Center, which treated the
group of 33 people, said the patients were
brought in by emergency medical workers in waves; he said the patients were
extremely lethargic and disoriented.
I could describe it as a deep sleep, Dr.
Chin said.
One man was so disoriented that he
could not explain to a doctor who he was.
A spokeswoman for the hospital said it
had received two more people with suspected K2 overdoses on Wednesday.
Though the police raids came up
empty for the drug, residents continued
to point at the local convenience stores.
All these people that come around
here dont live around here, said Alex Almanzar, 40, a resident living on the Bedford-Stuyvesant side of the subway station. They gravitate here because of the
K2. Its the stores selling it that made it a
problem area.
Mr. Williams attributed the overdoses
to the potent combinations of various
drugs it can be mixed with and the hopelessness felt by many in the area.
"Its like stress-related, he said, adding that they have no life no job, no family or friends.
Repairs Coming for Bridge

That Bounced Too Much
By LISA W. FODERARO
In a city of majestic bridges, it is a relatively modest one. But this bridge near
the Brooklyn waterfront became well
known for all the wrong reasons.
Now, after closing abruptly nearly two
years ago, the so-called bouncy bridge
that had linked the Brooklyn Heights
Promenade to Brooklyn Bridge Park will
undergo repairs that park officials believe should solve, at long last, the riddle
of the troubled pedestrian crossing.
The bridge, officially called Squibb
Park Bridge, would have been a footnote
to Brooklyn Bridge Park were it not for
its embarrassing debut. The connection
was intended to give residents of Brooklyn Heights easier access to the 1.3-mile
Brooklyn Bridge Park, which is cut off
from the historic neighborhood by the
Brooklyn-Queens Expressway.
But while it was essentially just a
shortcut, the bridge was expensive
costing $4.1 million and like most everything else about the wildly popular
Brooklyn Bridge Park, fun and stylish.
The 450-foot wooden bridge was designed by Ted Zoli, a prominent structur-
al engineer who won a MacArthur genius award in 2009. Mr. Zoli, whose firm,
HNTB Corporation, is now being sued by
the Brooklyn Bridge Park Corporation,
which operates the park, said when the
bridge opened in spring 2013 that he was
inspired by the light trail bridges found
in state and national parks.
He wanted the pedestrian bridge to
bounce slightly underfoot as it zigged
and zagged from Squibb Park, at Columbia Heights and Middagh Street, down
toward the park. But the expanse soon
started to move too much, and not just up
and down, but also side to side. Residents
grew alarmed, and the park corporation
shut the bridge in August 2014, initially
saying the closing would last a few
months.
After unsuccessful efforts by HNTB to
fix the problem, Regina Myer, president
of the park corporation, admitted in January that the original design was inherently flawed. Park officials also said
they were seeking $3 million in damages
from HNTB and announced that the international engineering firm Arup would
Connections from timber trusses on the underside of Squibb Bridge Park are to be secured to its suspension cables.
A24
THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
Construction Firm Found Guilty in 15 Death of Queens Worker Defies Sentence

By DAVID W. CHEN
A general contracting company

that was found guilty of manslaughter in the death last year of
a construction worker vowed on
Wednesday to defy a judges order
that it pay for public service announcements on worker safety.
Ronald P. Fischetti, a lawyer for
the company, Harco Construction,
said such a campaign would be
tantamount to admitting wrongdoing and estimated it could cost
hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Harco was innocent the day we
walked into this courtroom, Mr.
Fischetti told Justice A. Kirke
Bartley Jr. of State Supreme Court
in Manhattan, and they remain
innocent today, notwithstanding

your Honors verdict.
We will not obey, Mr. Fischetti
added. We intend to appeal, and
we believe the verdict in this case
will be reversed.
The companys refusal to comply was an unexpected twist in a
closely watched case related to
the death of Carlos Moncayo, 22,
an Ecuadorean immigrant who
lived in Queens, at a site on Ninth
Avenue in the meatpacking district of Manhattan, not far from
the High Line.
Prosecutors with the Manhattan district attorneys office argued that Harco had ignored repeated warnings about dangerous
conditions at the site, and that the
companys negligence had contributed to the collapse on April 6,

2015, of a 14-foot trench in which
Mr. Moncayo was crushed by
thousands of pounds of dirt. Last
month, Justice Bartley agreed
with the prosecutors and found
Harco guilty of second-degree
manslaughter and criminally
negligent homicide, both felonies,
and reckless endangerment, a
misdemeanor.
The excavation subcontractor,
Sky Materials, as well as two managers Alfonso Prestia, of Harco,
and Wilmer Cueva, of Sky Materials were also indicted after
an investigation that involved the
federal Occupational Safety and
Health Administration, New York
Citys Investigation Department
and the Police Department. No
trial date has been set in that case,
but the felony charges being considered could result in jail time.
Construction accidents have
been climbing in the city in recent

years, and many of the victims are
undocumented and sometimes
poorly trained immigrants. A recent investigation by The New
York Times into construction fatalities found that the rise in
Refusing to pay for a

safety campaign and
vowing to appeal.
deaths and injuries has far exceeded the rate of new construction over a comparable period,
and that in the cases in which
workers died, supervision was
lacking and basic steps had not
been taken to prevent workers
from falling. The investigation
also found that because of the urgency to finish projects as quickly

as possible, the workers were
forced to take dangerous shortcuts or were inadequately trained.
So far this year, five construction workers have died. Twelve
workers died last year, according
to the citys Buildings Department, up from eight in 2014. The
death toll had not been that high
since the previous construction
boom, when 12 workers died in
2007 and 19 in 2008.
Yet criminal liability has often
been hard to prove in construction
accidents in New York. In 2012, the
owner of a crane company, James
F. Lomma, was acquitted of all
criminal charges in connection
with the collapse of a tower crane
that killed two workers.
The Harco verdict, though, has
been viewed as a potential milestone, because it could set a prece-
dent for general contractors to be

held criminally responsible, even
if the workers on site are not official employees.
Under the law, Justice Bartley
had limited options for punishment, including imposing a
$10,000 fine. So he instead took the
prosecutors
recommendation
that Harco pay for a televised
worker-safety campaign, in English and in Spanish, saying that
the emphasis on trench safety
could perhaps, perhaps save a life
or lives.
But Mr. Fischetti, Harcos lawyer, called that an illegal sentence that violates the First
Amendment rights of the construction company.
In response, the judge ordered
that the parties return to court on
Dec. 14. If Harco has not complied
by then, he said, the court could
impose the $10,000 fine.
3 Plead Not Guilty in New York Police Corruption Case

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Two former commanders of the

New York Police Department and
a Brooklyn businessman were arraigned on Wednesday on federal
corruption
charges
that
prosecutors say stem from illegal
gifts made in return for police favors.
The three men, former Deputy
Chief Michael J. Harrington, former Deputy Inspector James M.
Grant and the businessman,
Jeremiah Reichberg, pleaded not
guilty before Magistrate Judge
Frank Maas in Federal District
Court in Manhattan. In doing so,
they gave their first public responses to the charges since their
arrests last month.
Mr. Reichberg is among two
men at the center of one of several
federal corruption investigations
focused on campaign fund-raising, Mayor Bill de Blasio and his
inner circle. The other man, Jona
S. Rechnitz, has pleaded guilty to
conspiracy to commit honest
services wire fraud in the scheme
and is cooperating with the authorities.
Court papers describe how Mr.
Reichberg and Mr. Rechnitz showered senior police officials with
gifts, such as everyday extrava-
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PHOTOGRAPHS BY BRYAN R. SMITH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
From left, Michael J. Harrington and James M. Grant, former leaders of the New York Police Department, and Jeremiah Reichberg, a businessman, arrested on corruption charges last month.
gances like jewelry or a video
game system and a private flight
to Las Vegas that included the
services of a prostitute.
Mr. Harrington is now retired
from the department, according to
a police spokesman. Mr. Grant resigned one month before his arrest, said his lawyer, John C. Meringolo, who declined to comment
as to why.
Mr. Meringolo said after the
hearing that one of the allegations
against Mr. Grant, ticket-fixing,
might rise to the level of professional misconduct but was not a
federal crime.
Allegations that gifts

were made for favors
from law enforcement.
We feel the government will
have a very, very hard time proving this case, Mr. Meringolo said,
comparing his client to Hillary
Clinton for her use of a private
email server while she was secretary of state.
She was unaware that she was
committing any crimes, he said.
Here there are no crimes whatso-
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ever.
I think my client wants to have
his day in court, he added. And
we take the position that we will
be exonerated at trial.
When the three defendants
were arrested, they were charged
with conspiracy to commit honest
services wire fraud. But last week,
an indictment by a federal grand
jury added charges of honest
services wire fraud and conspiracy to pay and receive bribes,
among other offenses.
They are to return to court on
Tuesday before Judge Gregory H.
Woods.
THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
A25
Bronx Prosecutor Adopts

System to Reduce Delays
By WINNIE HU
When Darcel D. Clark was a

judge in the Bronx, she used to see
criminal cases in her courtroom
delayed for weeks, even months,
as they were handed from one
prosecutor to another.
At a minimum, every case
would pass through the hands of
three prosecutors, each of whom
oversaw a different step in the legal process, from writing the initial complaint to going to trial. If a
prosecutor changed jobs, yet another person would have to
scramble to become familiar with
the case.
I saw the way the delays were
built in, Ms. Clark said. How
many times did I hear, Oh judge, I
need another two or three
weeks.
Ms. Clark, now the Bronx district attorney, intends to reduce
those delays by adopting a new
system of handling all cases starting this month. The system
known as vertical prosecutions
will assign every incoming case
to a single prosecutor who will be
responsible from beginning to
end. Ms. Clark said the system
would allow prosecutors to get to
JOHN TAGGART FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Darcel D. Clark, the Bronx

district attorney, in February.
know their cases better and to
take ownership of them. It would
also foster closer relationships
with victims and their families,
she added.
To put the system in place, Ms.
Clarks office will hire an additional 45 assistant district attorneys and two dozen new legal
assistants in the next year at a
cost of $3.8 million. The money
used for the vertical prosecutions
is the biggest part of an additional
$11.5 million that the Bronx district
attorneys office received in the
New York City budget.
Another $1.8 million will be used
to pay for a new prosecution bureau at Rikers Island, where assistant district attorneys will be
stationed as part of Ms. Clarks efforts to focus on crimes committed at the citys main jail complex.
The changes come as the Bronx
struggles with the largest backlog
of felony cases in the five boroughs. There are 1,476 felony
cases that are a year or older in
the Bronx, compared with 775 in
Manhattan; 682 in Queens; 662 in
Brooklyn; and 73 on Staten Island, according to state court data.
Lucian Chalfen, a spokesman
for the Office of Court Administration, which runs the court system
in New York State, said the Bronx
district attorneys move to vertical prosecutions complemented
the state court systems own efforts to address case backlogs in

the Bronx and across the city.
Providing litigants with a timely
justice process is a collaborative
effort, Mr. Chalfen said.
Robin Steinberg, the executive
director of the Bronx Defenders, a
nonprofit that represents 28,000
people a year in criminal proceedings, said she saw vertical
prosecutions as a positive step.
Creating a system of individual responsibility will enhance
prosecutorial accountability and
is a good first step towards ending
the systemic delay that denies
residents of the Bronx their day in
court, Ms. Steinberg said.
Vertical prosecution models are
already used in Manhattan and
Queens and on Staten Island. In
Brooklyn, they are used to handle
certain types of crimes, such as
homicides, but not all cases.
Joshua Marquis, a member of
the governing executive committee of the National District Attorneys Association, said that more
district attorneys around the
country were moving to embrace
this approach at a time of a growing emphasis on victims rights. In
addition, he said, many see vertical prosecutions as an efficient
management tool because when a
prosecutor is heavily invested in a
case, it is less likely to get overlooked or lost in a pile of other
cases.
Im a big supporter of vertical
prosecutions, said Mr. Marquis,
who is also the district attorney
for Clatsop County, Ore., and uses
them in his office.
In the Bronx, this approach had
previously been used on a limited
basis with cases involving domestic violence and child abuse. But it
was put in effect for all cases for
the first time on July 5. Under the
new system, even seasoned
prosecutors will now work alongside junior colleagues to take
statements from victims and
write out complaints, the first step
in prosecuting crimes.
Ms. Clark, a Democrat who took
office this year, said she had yet to
receive any resistance from assistant district attorneys over the
change. On the contrary, she said
some had expressed excitement
that they would have more control
over their cases.
In addition, Ms. Clark said she
had been addressing the current
backlog of cases by convening
weekly meetings with her senior
staff members, who account for
the status of old cases. In total,
1,361 cases have been reviewed
since February, of which 570 have
gone to trial, have been dismissed
or have resulted in defendants accepting a plea deal.
Its like CompStat, Ms. Clark
said. Its TrialStat, and you have
to answer.
Peter Jones, a lawyer who is in
charge of the Legal Aid Societys
criminal defense office in the
Bronx, said he believed a system
of vertical prosecutions would
help move cases forward to disposition or trial more quickly. He
added that under the new district
attorney, the office had already
begun prioritizing older cases.
Having one assistant handle
the case beginning to end, Mr.
Jones said, will encourage an
earlier and more substantive case
evaluation that hopefully avoids
decisions being put off until a case
is two to three years old.
Grand Opening
SANTIAGO MEJIA/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Waiting to Move. And Waiting.
Passengers on a No. 1 train at Times Square on Wednesday afternoon. Signal problems on several lines caused extensive delays.
Repairs in Store for a Bridge That Bounced Too Much

From Page A23
design a plan to fix the bridge.
This has been enormously
frustrating for us, Ms. Myer said
on Monday as she and Arup engineers provided a preview of plans
to bring the bridge back into service. We are a park, and our whole
mind-set is about providing great
amenities to the people of New
York City. And this one has been
sorely missed.
David Farnsworth, a principal
with Arup and a structural engineer, said the retrofit of Squibb
Park Bridge would involve,
among other things, securing the
connections between the timber
trusses beneath the bridge and
the suspension cables. Workers
will install clamps to the cables at
the base of each truss; currently,
cables slide freely through plastic
sleeves.
The stability of the bridge will
be greatly enhanced, Mr.
Farnsworth said. Its actually a
relatively simple fix.
While users of the bridge reported that it appeared to tilt and
sway, park corporation officials
stayed silent on what exactly was
wrong. That reticence led State
Senator Daniel L. Squadron, a
Democrat who represents parts of
Brooklyn, to chastise them earlier
this year for a distinct lack of
communication and transparency.
But in documents obtained by
The New York Times through the
Freedom of Information Act, Mr.
Zoli provided an assessment of
the bridges woes in June of last
year. In a memorandum to the
park corporation, he wrote that
two of the spans were noticeably
distorted, with one twisted toward the south and another
twisted toward the north. In addition, wooden planks on the
bridges deck were damaged by
the pressure.
Regina Myer, president of the Brooklyn Bridge Park Corporation, with David Farnsworth, left,
and Tom Wilcock, both from the engineering firm that designed a repair for Squibb Park Bridge.
For more than a year, visitors
could spy the efforts to bring the
bridge back into alignment
through a chain-link fence that
blocked their entry. A system of
chains ran the length of the
bridges eight-foot-wide deck, and
hand-operated winches in the
middle of each chain were there to
tighten the span.
HNTB also added new supports
beneath the bridge. But it was still
unstable.
The engineering firm enlisted
to correct the problems has its
own history with troubled
bridges. Arup was one of three designers chosen for the Millennium
Bridge in London, a steel-suspension footbridge that crosses the
River Thames. The bridge closed
two days after opening in 2000 because it began to sway underfoot,
and Arup worked on the repairs. It

was closed for two years.
In Brooklyn, the initial desired
bounce of Squibb Park Bridge,
though not a safety issue, will be
muted when the bridge reopens.
Some visitors had complained
that the bounce made them seasick or anxious. As a result, a series of dampers large plates
with springs will be attached to
the underside of the bridge, acting
as shock absorbers and cutting
the bounce roughly in half.
Youll still feel it, but it will be a
lot more subtle than it used to be,
Mr. Farnsworth said.
Park officials said they did not
have a cost estimate for the final
repairs. This fall, the park corporations board will be asked to approve the work, which will then go
out to bid. Officials are also reluc-
The Height of Glenwood Rental Luxury
tant to give a reopening date, having missed several targets in the

past. But they said the bridge
should reopen next spring.
Ms. Myer seemed relieved that
the bridges essential design
would be preserved. When we
started the design process for
Squibb Bridge, we were very specific that we wanted to build a
very special bridge for this location, she said. The idea to have a
bridge made of timber felt very
simpatico with the park.
As for toning down the bounce
that had delighted many users, especially children, Ms. Myer cited
the importance of public perception. Obviously, the safety elements are first and foremost, she
said. But I think the entire team
feels strongly that the bridge
should be less bouncy and convey
that this is safe and stable.
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THE NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIALS/LETTERS THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
The Lessons of Dallas, and Beyond

TO THE EDITOR:
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR., Publisher, Chairman
Founded in 1851
ADOLPH S. OCHS
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
ORVIL E. DRYFOOS
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER
Publisher 1896-1935
Publisher 1935-1961
Publisher 1961-1963
Publisher 1963-1992
Active Protesters, Armed in Cleveland

As Republicans gather in Cleveland next week, the
life-and-death issue that party leaders regularly duck
the potential for violence that citizens with easy access to
guns pose for the nation will be on graphic display outside their convention center. A number of groups have announced plans to exploit Ohios lenient open-carry gun law
to flaunt their military-style assault rifles and other
weaponry in designated protest zones, all in the name of
protecting gun rights and free speech.
Police officials are promising there will be no untoward episodes as conventioneers confirm Donald Trump
as their presidential nominee. But this seems small comfort in the aftermath of the carnage in Dallas last week
caused by a deranged, and reportedly legally armed, rifleman who shot and killed five policemen during a demonstration organized to protest earlier shootings by the police in Falcon Heights, Minn., and Baton Rouge, La.
In the panicking crowds that night in Dallas were 20
to 30 armed individuals legally carrying rifles as self-appointed vigilantes who had vowed to somehow protect the
demonstrators. Their presence some were dressed in
macho camouflage gear greatly confused the police
when the sniper started firing and protesters ran for cover.
We dont know who the good guy versus who the bad
guy is, the Dallas police chief, David Brown, said. For a
while, one rifleman was cited as a potential suspect until
the police ascertained he was a legal, not lethal, presence.
Chief Browns warnings echoed widespread concern
among law enforcement officials about the potentially disastrous consequences of open-carry laws now blossoming
in state legislatures at the urging of the gun lobby.
In Cleveland, the Secret Service will not permit guns
inside the convention hall. But delegates have been talking of bringing their personal pistols to other events. I
think its a very pragmatic solution, Jamie Klein, a Pennsylvania delegate for Mr. Trump, told NPR News. I think
its part of Republican values, American values, to be responsible for our own safety.
Mr. Klein, who plans to be packing his concealed 9millimeter pistol at dinner each night, sounds all too right
about Republican values. Ohios Republican-led Legislature, prodded by the gun lobby, has barred local governments like Cleveland from having stronger gun controls,
all the while encouraging citizens to arm themselves. In
Washington,
the
Republican-majority
House
of
Representatives is heading off to vacation without taking
up even minimalist proposals for gun safety.
Right now, what we want to do is have a good conversation where we calm things down and we talk about
solutions, Speaker Paul Ryan explained in retreating
from an issue the ease with which terrorism suspects
can buy guns that Republicans had vowed to take up af-
ter a confessed devotee of the Islamic State last month

opened fire in an Orlando nightclub, where 49 people were
killed.
Mr. Ryans words deserve close inspection. Theyre
ludicrous. What hes saying is that action urgently
prompted by one gun massacre must be put off because of
the distraction and grief caused by the next atrocity. This
is a formula for endless procrastination in a nation where
the mass shooter nightmare erupts with savage regularity.
The people vowing to swagger with their guns in
Cleveland will, in a literal sense, be law-abiding. But their
self-indulgence, protected by timorous politicians, can
only make it easier for the next killer to obtain a militarystyle weapon in what amounts to an open market for mass
mayhem. The Dallas shooter is reported to have obtained
weapons through loopholes in the background check law
that Republicans have fiercely refused to close.
The hope here is that ordinary voters, far from sharing that indulgent attitude, will see the latest mass shootings (and the attendant and inevitable spike in gun sales)
as further proof that ending easy access to lethal
weaponry is central to public safety and all the more
reason to have the conversation promised by Speaker
Ryan, inside as well as outside the convention hall.
George W. Bush delivered the best

speech of his life in Dallas. It was smart,
well crafted and balanced and delivered
the perfect message. For me there is irony
in this observation. I always believed that
Mr. Bush was ill suited for the presidency.
Now, however, compared with Donald
Trump he came across as a scholarly, caring, intelligent, superstar orator.
It remains astonishing how very far the
Republican Party has fallen with Mr.
Trump leading the way.
PETER ALKALAY
Scarsdale, N.Y.
TO THE EDITOR:
TO THE EDITOR:
Re Analysis Finds No Racial Bias in

Lethal Force (The Upshot, front page,
July 12):
Why was Prof. Roland G. Fryer Jr., the
As the trial judge in the case of Floyd v.

City of New York, I am very familiar with
stop-and-frisk statistics. In reading the
summary of Roland G. Fryer Jr.s findings
I was left with one question but a very
important one.
In fatal shootings, how many of the
white victims were innocent as opposed
to black victims? I understand that fatal
shootings of those allegedly engaged in
criminal conduct might not reveal any racial bias. But I would be surprised to learn
that police shootings of innocent victims those who were not engaged in
any criminal conduct (which excludes minor traffic violations) are as common
with white victims as with black victims.
I hope that Dr. Fryer studied this question and has an up-to-date sample given
the extraordinary number of fatal shootings of innocent black victims in the last
two years.
SHIRA A. SCHEINDLIN
New York
The writer is a retired federal district
court judge.
TO THE EDITOR:
In Officers Confront Dual Role: Villain

and Victim (front page, July 10), you
quote Chief Brandon del Pozo of the Burlington Police Department in Vermont
poignantly stating, One of the worries
that cops have is that no cop can control
what another cop does, but all cops will be
judged by what the other cop does.
Sadly, this is true. Now try substituting
black man for cop and I think weve
put our finger on the problem. We need to
stop blaming and defending and start listening to what the other guy is trying to
say.
ELAINE EDELMAN
Staten Island
Court of Public Opinion: Ginsburg vs. Trump

TO THE EDITOR:
ERIC HANSON
like Germanys Angela Merkel. Ms. May and Ms. Merkel

are both the daughters of pastors, and are political leaders
known to be stubborn, competent and down to earth. The
inevitable duels of these two strong women as negotiations begin over Britains withdrawal will be closely followed.
Before that happens, though, Ms. May must first outline her vision of a Britain outside the European Union.
She has publicly declared that Brexit means Brexit,
meaning that she does intend to go through with it. But
she still needs to define what Brexit means in terms of
concrete actions to retain British access to Europes single
market, satisfying the anti-globalization and anti-immigration mood of the 17 million Leave voters, managing the
economic fallout of the referendum and coping with increased separatism in Scotland and Northern Ireland.
On Wednesday, Ms. May named Mr. Johnson as foreign secretary. This was a surprising and, in some quarters, disturbing choice given the ease and frequency with
which he insults foreign leaders; it is unclear whether it
will complicate her task. In any case, she needs to move
quickly. Uncertainty has already battered Britains economy. Even as Ms. May accepts the mandate to negotiate
Britains formal exit from the European Union, she should
make clear to the British that their countrys economic future must be within the single market. And that will inevitably require puncturing any illusion that Britain can continue participating in that market without allowing free
movement of people and making any contribution to the
E.U. budget. More uncertainty can only do more damage.
How High Executive Pay Hurts Shareholders

In theory, pay for performance linking executive
pay to a companys stock price aligns the interests of
executives and shareholders. Its supposed to ensure that
executives are not tempted to enrich themselves at the expense of shareholders, who are too numerous and farflung to influence a companys behavior.
In practice, it hasnt quite worked that way. Instead,
beginning around the 1970s and becoming increasingly
common in the leverage-buyout era of the 80s, the defining characteristic of pay for performance has been an explosion in chief executive pay that exceeds the value that
any human being who isnt Midas could reasonably be
credited with producing. In 2015, the median pay package
for chief executives at 200 large United States companies
was almost $20 million per year, nearly 400 times the pay
of a typical worker.
Because executive pay is an expense, excessive pay
means that shareholders are losing money. A new study,
analyzed in a recent report in The Times, explores that
loss and provides fresh evidence that should reinforce the
mounting calls for reform of executive pay practices.
The study, by Wintergreen Advisers, a money management firm, looked at two hits that shareholders absorb
from executive stock awards. The first hit is well known.
When a company issues shares under an executive-pay
agreement, the increase in the number of shares outstanding dilutes the value of existing shareholders stakes.
The second blow, involving share buybacks, is less obvious. Buybacks, in which management reduces the num-
author of the study, surprised to learn that

although blacks are more likely to be mistreated by the police, they are not more
likely to be shot by them? It seems to me
that theres a simple explanation.
Perhaps the reason is that the parents
of blacks feel they have to warn their children to be very polite, and keep both
hands in plain sight, when dealing with
the police, whereas few parents of white
children feel such a need.
And perhaps the reason blacks are
more likely to attract the attention of the
police is not that the police are biased or
that blacks are bad, but that the poor
(black and white) are more likely to commit crimes than the rich, and blacks are
more likely to be poor.
After all, if your parents give you a
Porsche, you dont need to steal a bike.
PETER KUGEL
Cambridge, Mass.
TO THE EDITOR:
TO THE EDITOR:
Re Looking for Accountability in Police-Involved Deaths of Blacks (news article, nytimes.com, July 12):
Who gets pulled over for a minor traffic
violation? Blacks know that white neighborhoods have a strict speed limit for
them, and a failed taillight or a missing
front plate are an invitation for harassment.
A simple change in procedure the
use of cameras to catch minor speed or
equipment violations would save lives
of all colors. A summons with photographic proof could be sent to the car
owner. Its called photo enforcement. No
stop, no harassment, just colorblind enforcement with a financial penalty.
CARL BROMBERG
Glen Arbor, Mich.
Theresa May to the Rescue

A lot has happened since Britain voted on June 23 to
leave the European Union, most of it unexpected including the result of the vote itself. That was followed by the
swift exit of Prime Minister David Cameron, the unintentional instigator of the needless referendum, along with
Boris Johnson, Michael Gove and Andrea Leadsom, all of
whom had hoped to exploit their support of Brexit to win a
promotion to Mr. Camerons office. In the end, it has been
left to a competent, experienced and staid political veteran
who did not support Brexit, but didnt much campaign
against it, to clean up the mess.
In different times, Theresa May would have been celebrated on Wednesday as only the second woman ever to
serve as Britains prime minister. The story line now is the
mission impossible that Ms. May, the former home secretary, faces in creating a future for Britain outside the European Union.
Ms. May brings to the job a reputation for seriousness
and practicality. She had been home secretary since May
2010, an achievement in itself given the history of the
Home Office as a dead end for political careers. No ideologue, she is a hard-liner on immigration but supported
gay marriage and has described her Conservative Party
as the nasty party in need of modernizing. Kenneth
Clarke, a former cabinet minister, was overheard to describe her as a bloody difficult woman, and that is not
necessarily a handicap for the tasks that lie before her.
Among women who have achieved high office, she is
less like the combative and uncompromising Margaret
Thatcher, to whom she will inevitably be compared, than
Re Obama Consoles and Challenges a

Shaken Nation (front page, July 13):
President Obama did not sugarcoat racial or police issues in this country. But
from the bottom of his heart and soul, he
asked us: Can we find the character, as
Americans, to open our hearts to each
other? Can we see in each other a common humanity and a shared dignity?
Mr. Obama suggested that we ask too
much of the police and too little of ourselves. He said we are struggling over
what we saw in the past week on both
sides and asked whether the divides of
race in America can be bridged.
Can we find it in our hearts not to stereotype, but to see individuals for who they
are? Is it possible? Let us try.
My condolences to the families of the
fallen Dallas police officers.
GEORGIA STAPLETON
Shawano, Wis.
ber of publicly held shares by repurchasing the companys

stock, are often pitched as a way to boost a companys
earnings per share. But the study points out that buybacks
are aimed not necessarily at benefiting shareholders, but
rather at offsetting the dilution that results from awarding
stock to executives.
That observation is reinforced by the fact that corporate buyback activity increases when stock prices are high
exactly the opposite of what prudent investing would
dictate. In all, the study estimates that the shareholder
costs of the dilutions, and the buybacks to reduce that dilution, at companies in the S.&P. 500 index amounted to 4.1
percent of each companys shares outstanding and 10.2
percent at companies with the highest combination of
awards and buybacks. That implies a hefty sum of shareholder money spent to funnel money to executives. Research into the motives and consequences of share buybacks is continuing, so other approaches could yield different figures, but even the lower estimates would represent
a significant cost to shareholders.
Excessive executive pay is deservedly blamed for rising income inequality, because worker pay has stagnated
as executive pay has soared. But it has not been as widely
faulted as a drag on shareholders because the durable
pay-for-performance narrative still persuades many
investors that they benefit when executives are lavishly
rewarded. The Wintergreen study suggests otherwise,
that oversized awards can mean diminished shareholder
wealth.
Re Ginsburg Has a Few Words About

Trump (front page, July 11):
The supremely bad judgment of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg in expressing
her disapproval of Donald Trump reminds me of the time, many years ago,
when I requested an interview with Justice Hugo Black to discuss a book I was
writing on police professionalism.
Justice Black wrote back, The book
will undoubtedly touch on subjects that
are constantly before our court, and I
think it would be best for me to make no
comments about it.
I am sure that Justice Ginsburg has
embarrassed not only herself but also
her colleagues on the bench.
GEORGE HABER
Jericho, N.Y.
TO THE EDITOR:
Re Mr. Trump Is Right About Justice

Ginsburg (editorial, July 13):
If this were a normal election and Donald Trump were a normal candidate, The
Times would probably be right to criticize Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg for
speaking out about the disruptions that
his victory would likely cause.
But Mr. Trump has broken most rules
of decorum and many rules of decency
and is so egregiously unqualified to be
president yet has remained so incomprehensibly popular with a large segment of voters that this is not a normal
election and he is not a normal candidate.
In these circumstances, Justice Ginsburg is to be commended for refusing to
submit to the charade of normalcy and
for telling the simple truth that the
would-be emperor has no cred.
MALCOLM BELL
Weston, Vt.
By publicly denouncing Mr. Trump,

Justice Ginsburg has undermined the
credibility of the Supreme Court to render a fair and impartial decision with regard to Mr. Trump. This damage to our
system of checks and balances is as
detrimental to our democracy as the possibility of a Trump presidency.
JODI PERLMUTH POPOFSKY
New York
TO THE EDITOR:
Re Trump Calls Ginsburg a Disgrace

to the Court (news article, July 13):
With justices taking expensive favors
from wealthy elites, so-called legal ethicists choose to focus on Ruth Bader Ginsburg as a threat to the Supreme Courts
integrity. What a joke.
Donald Trump is terrifying to anyone
who holds respect for constitutional democracy and who doesnt fear people
simply because they are a different color
or practice a different religion.
Yes, she should speak out. We have to
hope that more people will.
CANDIDA PUGH
Oakland, Calif.
South China Sea Dispute

TO THE EDITOR:
Though I agree with the substance of

the comments made by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg about Donald Trump, I also
believe that Justice Ginsburg should not
have made them.
The Supreme Court is vested with the
power to check the actions of the executive and legislative branches. Accordingly, the justices must take care to avoid
even the appearance of impropriety.
South China Sea and the Rule of Law

(editorial, July 13), about China and the
South China Sea arbitration, lacks only
one important point. Surprisingly, you
dont mention that the United States,
while urging all Asian states to respect
the United Nations Convention on the
Law of the Sea dispute-resolution institutions, has itself shamefully failed to ratify
Unclos, something China did 20 years
ago.
This puts us in the position of do as we
say, not as we do, insulating us from similar challenges and denying us the opportunity to begin similar challenges.
Its like a swimming coach who exhorts the swimmers but dares not wet his
own feet!
JEROME A. COHEN
New York
The writer is a professor and director of
the U.S.-Asia Law Institute, New York
University School of Law.
NEWS
EDITORIAL
DEAN BAQUET, Executive Editor
JAMES BENNET, Editorial Page Editor
TO THE EDITOR:
TOM BODKIN, Creative Director

SUSAN CHIRA, Deputy Executive Editor
JAMES DAO, Deputy Editorial Page Editor

TERRY TANG, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
JANET ELDER, Deputy Executive Editor

MATTHEW PURDY, Deputy Executive Editor
BUSINESS
KINSEY WILSON, Editor for Innovation and Strategy

Executive V.P., Product and Technology
MARK THOMPSON, Chief Executive Officer
REBECCA CORBETT, Assistant Editor

STEVE DUENES, Assistant Editor
IAN FISHER, Assistant Editor
JOSEPH KAHN, Assistant Editor
CLIFFORD LEVY, Assistant Editor
MICHAEL GOLDEN, Vice Chairman

JAMES M. FOLLO, Chief Financial Officer
KENNETH A. RICHIERI, General Counsel
ROLAND A. CAPUTO, Executive V.P., Print Products
MEREDITH KOPIT LEVIEN, Chief Revenue Officer
ALEXANDRA MAC CALLUM, Assistant Editor
WILLIAM T. BARDEEN, Senior Vice President
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TERRY L. HAYES, Senior Vice President

R. ANTHONY BENTEN, Controller
LAURENA L. EMHOFF, Treasurer
DIANE BRAYTON, Secretary
THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
GAIL COLLINS
NICHOLAS KRISTOF
Trump
Reaps a Veep
A History
Of White
Delusion
I am embarrassed to admit how much

Ive enjoyed the Donald Trump vicepresidential search. Theres nothing like
a bunch of egomaniacs humiliating
themselves in public to cheer up a dark
day.
We got to sit through a series of very
public tryouts who can introduce
Trump at a rally in the loudest, most
craven manner possible? My blue ribbon
went to Indiana Gov. Mike Pence, who
hollered that Trump has never forgotten or forsaken the people who work with
their hands, apparently skipping over
all the construction workers hes stiffed
in his real estate business. Pence has also
started twittering like a howling dog.
(We will not rest until we elect @realDonaldTrump as the next President of
the United States of America!)
On Wednesday, for mysterious reasons that may have been connected to
trouble with the Trump plane, Indiana
became the center of the veep universe.
Pence was visited by a delegation that included Trump, Trumps daughter,
Trumps sons, Trumps son-in-law and
oh yeah, the campaign manager.
Then Newt Gingrich flew in for a sitdown with the kids, apparently followed
by Alabama Senator Jeff Sessions. The
only major vice-presidential prospect
who wasnt in Indiana was Chris
Christie.
But Trump and Christie were famously close already, despite the fact
that Christie once sent Ivanka Trumps
father-in-law to prison. Yes, indeed.
When he was U.S. attorney, Christie
prosecuted Charles Kushner, who wound
up spending 14 months in the clink for tax
evasion, witness tampering and illegal
campaign donations. One of the case
highlights involved a family business
feud, during which Kushner hired a prostitute to seduce his brother-in-law.
Kushners son Jared Ivankas hus-
Indiana is the center

of the universe.
band is very influential in the Trump
campaign and seems to have gotten over
the send-Dad-to-the-clink issue completely. You can see why everyone has
been comparing the vice-presidential
search to a reality TV show. All we
needed was an announcement that the final four would be competing in a challenge that involves eating raw groundhog livers.
For those of us who love obscure political factoids, it seemed appropriate
that this was all going on in Indiana. The
state has often been at the center of vicepresidential politics. (Dan Quayle!)
Nearly a dozen Hoosiers have been
nominated for the job since the Civil War.
(Dan Quayle!) Several have won. (Dan
Quayle!)
Former Indiana Gov. Thomas Hendrickss pull in his home state got Grover
Cleveland critical electoral votes he
needed to become president after the
1884 election. It was one of the very few
times that the vice-presidential selection
made a big difference.
Hendricks had a long-running rivalry
with another governor, Oliver Morton,
which produced my favorite headline of
all time, from The Chicago Times: Hendricks a Man of the Purest Social Relations, but Morton a Foe to Society, a Seducer and a Libertine . . . The Formers
Name Untrammeled by Lust; the Latters Reeking With Filth and Slime. A
Few of the Hellish Liaisons of, and Attempted Seductions by, Indianas Favorite Stud-Horse.
So stop complaining about the terrible
tone of the modern media.
O.K., enough about Indiana. I just
wanted to share. Ive also been rooting
for Senator Sessions to show up in the
vetting so I could point out that the only
person ever elected to a national office
from Alabama was William King, the
only bachelor vice president, who was
once a very close friend and sometimes
roommate with James Buchanan, the
only bachelor president.
See, how can you not like this stuff?
But about the Trump contenders. Each
of them has a special something. Gingrich, like Trump, has been married three
times. (Six-wife ticket!) Bringing Newt
back would also allow the nation to revisit his interesting plan to replace unionized school janitors with poor children.
Christie has exhibited a marvelous
ability to suck up abuse. Trump has
made fun of him for everything from being AWOL from the governors office to
eating Oreos. There are pictures of
Trump holding a huge umbrella over his
own famous head and letting Christie get
wet. When youve currently got a 26 percent approval rating in your home state, I
guess you take whatever they throw at
you. However, Christies office denied reports that Trump once sent him out to get
hamburgers.
I have a theory that women will never
vote for a male presidential candidate
who yells, because it reminds them of
their worst boyfriends. A Trump-Christie
ticket would be like the worst boyfriend
sitting in the living room with his thuglike pal, watching football with their
shoes off and demanding that you cook
them pizza from scratch.
A Trump-Gingrich ticket would be a total of 143 years old.
None of the options are really all that
terrific. But then youve got to be in a
pretty bad place to begin with if youre
yearning for the spot beneath Donald
Trump. I just hope that if the decision
came down to that liver-eating contest,
somebody took pictures. Itd be a great
feature for the Cleveland convention. 0
PETER AND MARIA HOEY
Puerto Ricos Rude Awakening

By Rafael Matos
SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
TS official now. Puerto Rico has

about as much sovereignty as a
United States colony.
The word came down from Washington in mid-June, in two Supreme
Court rulings that insult our pride as selfgoverning United States citizens.
One said our courts lacked the power of
state courts to try local criminals separately after federal prosecutors weighed
in. The other said we must go hat in hand
to Congress if our public utilities are to get
debt relief. Unlike states, we cannot help
them seek bankruptcy protection.
A third insult from Congress came
as we reached the brink of default two
weeks ago. As it finally consented to debt
relief, the Senate also approved an oversight board that could tell our elected government how to handle our finances.
In vulgar street talk here, Puerto Rico
has been stripped naked and put on show
to be shamed.
This after wed grown up being told we
had a unique, privileged relationship with
the United States we were full citizens,
free to migrate north, and autonomous to
govern our own affairs. A bit like a state,
without surrendering our Latin personality.
But now it is clear that was a charade.
Weve learned how much it left us at the
mercy of an unsympathetic Washington.
Even as he offered debt relief, the Senates
majority leader, Mitch McConnell, Republican of Kentucky, rubbed it in. The U.S.
territory of Puerto Rico is in crisis, he declared.
Territory? Really? I thought as did
Justice Stephen G. Breyer in his dissent
from the prosecutorial powers ruling
that Washington granted us a far better
status in 1952. As the United Nations
pushed for global decolonization, Justice
Breyer wrote, we and the Truman admin-
Rafael Matos, a former writer and editor

at The Associated Press, The Miami Herald and The San Juan Star, is a co-editor
of Noticia y Yo, an anthology of Puerto
Rican journalism from 1935 to 1980.
istration entered into a social contract that

made us neither colony nor state, but
something new, called a commonwealth
in English and, in Spanish, an "estado libre
asociado (free associated state).
My generation, the baby boomers, was
told autonomy made us equal but exceptional as citizens, and indeed there were
advantages. Tax breaks initiated in the
1970s attracted employers like pharmaceutical producers. Billions of federal dollars flowed to us. All we had to do was behave, serve in the military when called (I
was wounded in Vietnam as a combat
medic), and not call ourselves a colony.
Dissenters
advocating
statehood
warned that self-government was a mirage without a vote in Congress, or for
president. Still, Congress never showed
interest in accepting a bicultural Hispanic
state that had more workers than jobs.
There were occasional nationalist uprisings. But Puerto Ricans have never
Washingtons response
to a crisis unmasks
autonomy as a sham.
been good at rebellion. Instead, we jabbered away about our politics. And every
few years we replayed the same referendum: Statehood? Independence? Stay autonomous?
A clear majority never emerged, partly
because the plebiscites were just theater.
The results werent binding on us, nor on
Congress. And we didnt want to fracture a
close-knit island society over that.
So we drifted, even as globalization began undermining what competitive advantages we had; in 1996, Congress even
withdrew the tax exemptions that had
lured statesiders to invest in industry
here.
Today, those industries, jobs and many
stateside banks have fled, private employment has cratered, and our debts are due.
Our main employer is our destitute gov-
ernment. Emigration and violent crime

have soared. In recent years, hundreds of
thousands of compatriots have left, bringing to more than five million the number of
Puerto Ricans living in the states, according to the Pew Research Center; local demographers estimate that only 3.4 million
remain here.
An image, passed down many years ago
by my grandfather, haunts me now, in this
terrible summer.
Grandpa Chu was a little boy during the
Spanish-American War, living near where
the last, short battle for Puerto Rico was
fought at Asomante, in the islands central
mountains. Afterward, United States
troops searched house to house for arms,
ordering inhabitants to stay home.
The first Americano whom Grandpa
Chu saw frightened him; he had eyes like
hailstones in a freckle-spattered face. All
the soldiers were stoned-faced and humorless, even when showered with local
hospitality. He stared at them, not knowing what to expect.
Now I feel something similar, after the
triple whammy of political reality we have
endured. I ask how we can help ourselves.
This much has become clear to me:
Puerto Ricans must first rediscover our
inner political strengths, and unite to demand that Congress, within a decade, allows us a binding referendum on our islands status.
The choices would be statehood, with
whatever consequences for our culture
and economy, or independence, with its
own economic pitfalls and challenges.
Autonomy would not be a choice. It
has been drained of all appeal by promises
broken over the decades, and indignities
recently inflicted; it should be put to rest
as the sham it was all along.
This wont be easy. Puerto Ricans will
have to organize politically where members of Congress can hear us their own
districts. For that, we can call on perhaps
four million enfranchised compatriots of
voting age stateside to form a huge bloc to
campaign and vote in our support.
In short, we must demand the respect
due every United States citizen by using
that most powerful weapon of democracy:
one person, one vote.
0
Clintons One-Sided Race Conversation

By John McWhorter
N Wednesday, speaking on
the same site where Abraham Lincoln delivered his
House Divided speech
just over 150 years ago, Hillary Clinton addressed race in a very
modern fashion: by calling for a conversation, with the goal of bringing us all together. Fifty years ago the proactive approach to race was considered to be legislation; today it is considered enlightened to call for a kind of abstract
discourse. The problem is that this conception of a race conversation has
never added up to anything real.
Mrs. Clintons speech lacked some of
the rhetorical verve of President Obamas recent speech in Dallas, but her
withering deconstruction of Donald J.
Trump was one of the few times I have
seen her seem to truly speak from the
heart. Her contempt for the man was
plain and real: Donald Trumps campaign adds up to an ugly, dangerous message to America. A message that you
should be afraid.
I wish there had been more of that incisiveness in her thoughts on race. We
need to listen to one another, she said,
we being, presumably, whites and
blacks.
Talking isnt nothing, and theres a
place for dialogue. It mattered that in her
speech Mrs. Clinton apologized, albeit indirectly, for using the term superpredator a quarter-century ago.
But it was hard not to notice that her
idea of a conversation is rather one directional: What she thinks we need to listen to is what most would consider the
black side of things. We should listen to
black families on having to counsel their
boys to be extra careful in interactions
with the police, to Black Lives Matter. We
John McWhorter is an associate professor of English and comparative literature

at Columbia University.
should listen to the police as well, she

said but notably, here Mrs. Clinton
specified the five officers killed in Dallas
protecting protesters, seeming to exclude cops generally.
All of this is good advice, but it leaves
out quite a bit. If they were asked, many
cops would say that they felt threatened,
and even abused, in the dangerous
neighborhoods quite often black ones
where they are assigned. Other people
would observe that white men are killed
by cops as well, even though the national
media rarely covers them. In general, in
a real conversation on race, quite a few
whites would probably complain that
they were weary of being called racists,
Its not enough to listen

to black America. We
need action.
or disapprove of affirmative action, or
think we exaggerate the harm of the Confederate battle flag.
To the extent that a call for a conversation on race omits mention of views
like these, in favor of the idea that the
conversation will unite us, it implies
that these controversial views will be
corrected (or silenced), that they will inevitably melt away in the face of logic or
morality if only we all sit down and converse respectfully. Mrs. Clinton allowed
that the conversation would be hard,
mind you but the thrust of her point is
that America needs to take a deep breath
and hear black America out.
That approach worries me because
our leaders have been calling for precisely such a discussion for the past 50
years, unsuccessfully and I am unaware of any new argumentational techniques that would change that. We need
only recall Bill Clintons national dia-
logue on race. Did it change anything?

As Mrs. Clinton herself said last year, I
dont believe you change hearts, I believe you change laws. You change allocation of resources, you change the way
systems operate.
What, even, would the form of this conversation be? Editorials? Panels? Reports? Hamilton? Even the last, which
Mrs. Clinton encouraged her audience to
listen to, wont prevent more Alton Sterlings, or get an ex-con back into mainstream life.
Mrs. Clinton is trying to win an election, and it isnt the time for novelty or
tilting at windmills. But she has said herself that we must change both laws and
attitudes. If she is serious about dedicating her first 100 days to getting work for
underserved people, then policies not
conversations would do much more to
prepare black America to take advantage of those opportunities.
What if, instead of calling for a conversation, Mrs. Clinton had called for revitalized support for vocational schooling
to help get poor black people into solid
jobs that dont require a college degree?
Or an end to the war on drugs, which furnishes a black market that tempts underserved black men away from legal work.
Or ensuring cheap, universal access to
long-acting reversible contraceptives, to
help poor women (who praise these devices) control when they start families.
Or phonics-based reading programs,
which are proved to be the key to teaching poor kids how to read. All poor black
kids should have access to them just as
they get free breakfasts.
These narrow policy proposals may
not have the emotional reach of a conversation, and in and of themselves they will
not stop the next Philando Castile either.
But they would do more for black America than any amount of formulaic dialogues, or exploring the subtle contours
of whites inner feelings about black people. Maybe there could be compromise:
Lets have a national conversation, but
make it about legislation, not feelings. 0
A27
In 1962, 85 percent of white Americans

told Gallup that black children had as
good a chance as white kids of getting a
good education. The next year, in another Gallup survey, almost half of
whites said that blacks had just as good a
chance as whites of getting a job.
In retrospect, we can see that these
white beliefs were delusional, and in
other survey questions whites blithely
acknowledged racist attitudes. In 1963,
45 percent said that they would object if a
family member invited a black person
home to dinner.
This complacency among us white
Americans has been a historical constant. Even in the last decade, almost
two-thirds of white Americans have said
that blacks are treated fairly by the police, and four out of five whites have said
that black children have the same
chance as white kids of getting a good education. In short, the history of white
Americans attitudes toward race has always been one of self-deception.
Just as in 1963, when many well-meaning whites glanced about and couldnt
see a problem, many well-meaning
whites look around today, see a black
president, and declare problem solved.
Thats the backdrop for racial tensions
roiling America today.
Of course, there have been advances.
In 1939, 83 percent of Americans believed
that blacks should be kept out of neighborhoods where white people lived. But
if one lesson from that old figure is that
we have made progress, another is how
easy it is for a majority to otherize minorities in ways that in hindsight strike
us all as repugnant.
In fairness, the evidence shows black
delusions, too. But what is striking in
Decade after
decade, blind
to racial inequity.
looking back at historical data is that
blacks didnt exaggerate discrimination
but downplayed it.
In 1962, for example, a majority of
blacks said that black children had the
same educational opportunities as white
children, and nearly one-quarter of
blacks said that they had the same job
opportunities as whites. That was preposterous: History hasnt discredited
the complaints of blacks but rather has
shown that they were muted.
My hunch is that we will likewise look
back and conclude that todays calls for
racial justice, if anything, understate the
problem and that white America, however well meaning, is astonishingly
oblivious to pervasive inequity.
As it happens, the trauma surgeon
running the Dallas emergency room last
Thursday when seven police officers
were brought in with gunshot wounds is
a black man, Brian Williams. He fought
to save the lives of those officers and
wept for those he couldnt help. But in
other contexts he dreads the police: He
told The Associated Press that after one
traffic stop he was stretched out spreadeagle on the hood of a police car.
Williams shows his admiration for police officers by sometimes picking up
their tabs at restaurants, but he also expressed his feelings for the police this
way to The Washington Post: I support
you. I defend you. I will care for you. That
doesnt mean I will not fear you.
Thats a narrative that many white
Americans are oblivious to. Half of white
Americans today say that discrimination
against whites is as big a problem as discrimination against blacks. Really? That
contradicts overwhelming research
showing that blacks are more likely to be
suspended from preschool, to be
prosecuted for drug use, to receive longer sentences, to be discriminated against
in housing, to be denied job interviews, to
be rejected by doctors offices, to suffer
bias in almost every measurable sector
of daily life.
In my mind, an even bigger civil rights
outrage in America than abuses by some
police officers may be an education system that routinely sends the neediest
black students to underfunded, thirdrate schools, while directing bountiful resources to affluent white schools.
If America is to be America, we have
to engage in a larger conversation than
just the criminal justice system, notes
Darren Walker, the president of the Ford
Foundation. If you were to examine
most of the institutions that underpin our
democracy higher education, K-12 education, the housing system, the transportation system, the criminal justice
system you will find systemic racism
embedded in those systems.
Yet Walker is an optimist, partly because of his own trajectory. In 1965, as an
African-American child in rural Texas,
he was able to enroll in Head Start soon
after it was founded and everything
changed. It transformed my life and
created possibilities for me and a glide
path, he says. It provided me with a life
I would never have imagined.
As Walkers journey suggests, we
have tools that can help, although, of
course, racial inequity is complex, involving not just discrimination but also
jobs, education, family structure and
more. A starting point is for us whites to
wake from our ongoing mass delusions,
to recognize that in practice black lives
have not mattered as much as white
lives, and that this is an affront to values
that we all profess to believe in.
0
A28
Seller-Financed Home Sales
Nosy Apps in Your Phone
SportsThursday Pages 9-13
Toxic Transactions
Pokmon and Privacy
A Time-Honored Practice
A consumer law organization

urges stronger oversight of a
shadowy market.
People reflexively give game

makers permission to collect
data, but do they go too far?
The Nationals Bob Henley

conveys signs much the way his
9
predecessors did.
B1
Company Known for Its Stun Guns Corners the Market for Police Body Cameras
By DAVID GELLES
When Micah Johnson went on a deadly

shooting rampage in Dallas last week, body
cameras worn by police officers were rolling,
capturing at least 170 hours of video of the
mayhem.
That footage is now stored on a sophisticated cloud computing system that lets
police manage digital evidence and hosts
more hours of video than Netflix has available to stream.
These paired offerings body cameras for
police and cloud storage have transformed
policing in recent years, adding a new level of
transparency and accountability but also
raising questions about privacy and who has
the right to view those videos.
Behind the scenes, one company is at the
center of it all: Taser International. Best
Criticisms fail to blunt the

momentum of Taser.
known for making Taser stun guns, it controls about three-quarters of the body camera
business in the United States.
Until recently a one-note provider of electrical weapons, Taser has swiftly cornered
the market for body cameras and related software, making it one of the most important
suppliers of technology to law enforcement
today.
Its Axon body cameras are worn by officers in dozens of big cities including Los Angeles, New York, Chicago, Washington and,
yes, Dallas. And using computing power from

Microsoft and Amazon, Taser runs Evidence.com, the site that lets police host and manage
body camera video.
Demand for the products has soared in the
two years since Michael Brown was shot
dead by an officer in Ferguson, Mo., and analysts estimate that the market will soon be
worth $1 billion a year.
When the rest of us are snapping pictures
and videos, police cant pull out a note pad
and start writing, said Patrick W. Smith, the
chief executive of Taser. Theres now an expectation from society that theyre getting
good documentation of what theyre involved
in. Its in everyones interest to know what
happened.
Mr. Smith and his brother, Thomas,
Continued on Page 5
CAITLIN O'HARA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Axon Body 2 camera manufactured by Taser International.
TECH FIX
Reasons
Not to Cut
The Cord
By BRIAN X. CHEN
This year, Michael Gartenberg,

a former technology analyst,
took the brave step of canceling
his cable subscription. After six
months of tinkering with alternatives, he went running back.
Mr. Gartenberg had subscribed to PlayStation Vue,
Sonys online video service that
offers a slimmer bundle of TV
channels than a traditional cable
subscription and for about half
Content restrictions,
broadcast delays and
unwieldy controllers.
the price. Yet he kept running
into problems: Many of his favorite channels were missing. And
after a power failure, he got
locked out of his Vue account
because his internet address was
reset and Sony thought he had
switched locations.
Mr. Gartenberg eventually
wondered whether Vue was
worth the money he was saving.
At that point, there had to be
better alternatives than this, and
it turned out there was, he said.
It was cable.
Mr. Gartenbergs return to
cable is antithetical to the accelerating growth of so-called cordcutters, the people who have
parted ways with cable in favor
of streaming video services like
Netflix and Hulu. Last year, there
were 4.9 million cord-cutters in
the United States, up 11 percent
from the year before, according
to the research firm eMarketer.
The number of cord-cutting
options is also proliferating, with
more content providers like
HBO, Showtime and Nickelodeon
offering apps for streaming their
content without a cable account.
Yet the overwhelming majority
of Americans about 100 million
homes still cling to cable.
What could be getting in the
way of cutting the cord? To asContinued on Page 6
DAVID B. TORCH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A Model for Britain

Norway, Not a Member, Can Trade With the E.U., but Conditions Apply
By LIZ ALDERMAN
HOKKSUND, Norway Sigurd

Braathen worked for a lifetime to
build his familys industrial company into a profitable venture with
sales across Europe. Then an environmental diktat from Brussels
threatened to outlaw half of his companys
energy-efficient
water
heaters, even in his home country of
Norway.
To make his products compliant,
Mr. Braathen had to revamp his fac-
tory at a cost of 5 million euros.

The worst part was, Norway had
no influence over the matter, because we arent a member of the
E.U., said Mr. Braathen. But Norway still must do whatever Brussels
decrees.
A similarly conflicted future appears to await Britain.
As the political chaos after
Britains vote to leave the European
Union starts to subside, one of the
most pressing issues for the coun-
trys new leader is how to keep doing

business with the blocs vast single
market of 500 million consumers.
Many are pointing to fjord-flecked
Norway as a possible model for the
way forward.
Theresa May, who became
Britains new prime minister on
Wednesday, has said she wants to
get the best deal possible to safeguard the countrys industrial base
and its services industry. If they falContinued on Page 4
OSO Hotwater, in
Hokksund, Norway,
had to spend millions of euros to
make its products
compliant with E.U.
rules, though Norway is not a member.
Time Inc. Reshuffles in a Digital Reinvention

By SYDNEY EMBER
Keeping It in the Family
SEAN PROCTOR FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Espy and Jennifer Thomas are trying to help their parents step back from the
family business. The transition between generations can be difficult. Page 4.
During a recent meeting at Time

Inc.s headquarters in downtown Manhattan, Jeff Karp extolled the virtues
of Sports Illustrated Play, the companys new digital division focused on
youth sports.
Known as SI Play, it would revolutionize youth sports, Mr. Karp, the divisions chief executive, said by videoconference from his office in Redwood
City, Calif., the way Amazon had done
for shopping and Google for search.
Using the SI Play platform and its app,
parents would be able to sign their
children up for teams, follow their
schedules and buy merchandise. A
new mobile app would allow them to
communicate with other parents and
update game scores in real time.
This is going to be a huge opportunity, Mr. Karp said.
It was a bold statement, and one that
reflected the seismic shift in strategy
this once-iconic magazine company is
undertaking as it struggles to gain its
footing in an increasingly digital

world. Since its spinoff from Time
Warner two years ago, Time Inc.s
stock has tumbled roughly 30 percent.
The companys revenue has declined
every year since 2011. In a move endowed with outsize symbolism, the
The magazine group

has pushed into
mobile and video.
company moved last year from the
Time & Life Building in Rockefeller
Center, its storied home of more than
five decades, to new offices that sit in
the shadow of One World Trade Center.
Theres no evidence that theyve
turned things around, said Tim
Nollen, a senior analyst at Macquarie
Capital. Anyone in this country would

look at it as a magazine publisher that
is struggling.
Hoping for something of a resurgence, the company on Wednesday
named Alan Murray, the editor of Fortune, as its chief content officer, overseeing all of Time Inc.s editors in the
United States. Mr. Murray, 61, a former
deputy managing editor of The Wall
Street Journal, succeeds Norman
Pearlstine, 73, a former editor in chief
of Time Inc. who rejoined the company
in 2013 and helped guide it through its
spinoff.
Time Inc. also announced a broader
reorganization of its advertising sales
and brand development teams, including the creation of dedicated digital
sales teams, as it shifts its attention
away from its print products, which include magazines like Time, People, InStyle, Entertainment Weekly and
Sports Illustrated.
Other publishers who long deContinued on Page 2
B2
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
Appeals Court Lets Suits Over Faulty G.M. Ignitions Proceed
Tor Project
Appoints
New Board
And Reboots
DETROIT (AP) A federal appeals court has decided that people injured in crashes caused by
faulty General Motors ignition
switches can sue the company
even if they were hurt before
G.M.s 2009 bankruptcy filing.
Under terms of the bankruptcy,
the company that emerged, referred to as New G.M., was indemnified against most claims against
the prebankruptcy company, or
Old G.M. Last year, Judge Robert
E. Gerber of United States Bankruptcy Court in Manhattan ruled
that most ignition-switch claimants could not sue the new com-
By NICOLE PERLROTH
An automaker is
ruled to be liable
after bankruptcy.
pany for damages.
But the ruling on Wednesday by
the United States Court of Appeals
for the Second Circuit overturns
most of that decision and allows
prebankruptcy claims to proceed,
including some lawsuits that say
G.M.s actions caused the value of
its cars to drop.
This takes G.M. from the bottom of the ninth back to the first
inning in regards to financial liability for the ignition switch defect, said Robert C. Hilliard, who
represents some plaintiffs against
G.M.
G.M. said it was reviewing the
ruling, but it noted that it did not
decide whether the prebankruptcy claims were valid.
Many of the claims we face
have been brought on behalf of car
owners who want to be compensated even though they have not
suffered any loss, a company
statement said.
Mr. Hilliard said hundreds of injury and wrongful death lawsuits
were delayed while the appeals
ALEX WONG/GETTY IMAGES
Rosie Cortinas, center, whose son died in an auto accident, at a 2014 news conference in Washington about a compensation plan.
court considered the case, including 265 that he had filed. General
Motors filings with securities regulators say another 101 lawsuits
are pending that claim G.M.s actions caused vehicle values to decline.
But some of the strongest cases
against G.M. may have been
among about 400 already settled
by the compensation expert Kenneth R. Feinberg, for a total of

$594.5 million.
G.M. says those who settled
gave up their rights to sue, but Mr.
Hilliard said he would look into
whether some of those claims
could be reopened.
In 2009, Judge Gerber allowed
General Motors to emerge from
bankruptcy free from prebankruptcy liabilities. But plaintiffs

lawyers said that G.M. had misled
the court seven years ago because
it knew about but failed to disclose
the ignition switch problems.
The switches, which can slip out
of the run position and cause cars
to stall unexpectedly, are linked to
at least 124 deaths and 275 inju-
ries.
In its ruling on Wednesday, the
appeals court said that the desire
to move G.M. through bankruptcy
quickly was laudable, but that it
did not do away with basic constitutional principles.
Due process applies even in a
companys moment of crisis, the
court said.
Time Inc. Reshuffles in Digital Reinvention That Borders on Frenetic

From First Business Page
pended on print advertising are
also fighting to survive. But Time
Inc.s approach has at times
seemed frenetic. It has pushed aggressively into areas like mobile,
events, video and native advertising. In the last year, it purchased
HelloGiggles, a lifestyle site
aimed at women, and Viant, the
parent company of Myspace. In
addition to SI Play, it recently introduced Instant, a mobile platform featuring videos about celebrities. At an annual presentation
to advertisers in May, it announced plans for an ad-supported streaming video service
from People and Entertainment
Weekly.
Those moves, however, do not
mask disappointing financial
numbers. Last year, circulation
revenue declined 5 percent and
advertising revenue fell 7 percent.
Newsstand revenue fell 8 percent.
In the first quarter of 2016, Time
Inc. reported a net loss of $10 million.
Yes, the results are bad, Mr.
Nollen, the analyst said. Still, he
added, I think theyre doing the
right thing to convert to a better
media business beyond trying to
make print magazines.
There have been bright spots.
BRAD BARKET/GETTY IMAGES FOR TIME INC.
Alan Murray, the editor of Fortune, will become Time Inc.s new chief content officer.
Digital advertising revenue increased 23 percent in the first
quarter of 2016, and its sites now
draw about 110 million unique visitors a month in the United States,
according to comScore.
In an interview, Mr. Murray

shared little on his vision for the
editorial direction of the company.
Instead, he said he intended to focus on new forms of advertising
and the companys mobile and so-
cial strategies. We have to think

differently about how we relate to
our advertisers, he said. We
need to help brands tell their
stories, he added, echoing what
has become an oft-repeated mar-
keting catchphrase.
Joseph A. Ripp, the chief executive of Time Inc., said that the
company would continue to focus
on its digital side and would also
look to grow its international business even as it faced headwinds.
Mr. Pearlstine, who will stay at the
company as vice chairman, will focus on international opportunities, Mr. Ripp said.
The leadership shuffle will most
likely bring more questions about
the future of Time Inc.s magazines. At the very least, Mr. Murrays new role means the company will have to find a new editor
for Fortune, a big-name brand
whose luster, like that of other
magazines in Time Inc.s portfolio,
has faded even as its website
continues to publish scoops that
can send the financial media
world into a tizzy.
Mr. Murray, who joined Fortune
two years ago, will remain the
magazines editor until the company names his successor.
For all of the emphasis on
digital growth, Mr. Ripp insisted
that the company was still devoted to its magazines.
Print will continue to shrink
slowly over time, Mr. Ripp said.
What were simply doing is were
not defining ourselves as a print
company as we were before.
Nest Hopes for a Lift From a New Outdoor Camera

By BRIAN X. CHEN
RETAIL
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family owned, serious buyers only
Call 954-934-3655
SAN FRANCISCO Nest, the

division of Alphabet that makes
internet-connected household devices, has recently grappled with
the resignation of its chief executive because of upheaval over his
management style, as well as criticism that its products are unreliable.
But dont worry. The company
is trying to send a message that
everything is fine as it introduces
Nest Cam Outdoor, a new version
of its smart security camera, this
week.
The new camera is a waterproof, rugged model of the Nest
Cam, which Nest developed after
acquiring Dropcam, the security
camera maker, for $555 million.
The new camera includes a
mounting system with a magnet
so it can easily be installed outdoors.
Nest has a complicated relationship with its camera division,
which is largely made up of Dropcam employees. In March, Greg
Duffy, the founder and former
chief executive of Dropcam, publicly attacked Nests chief, Tony
Fadell. Mr. Duffy, who had left
Nest, described how Mr. Fadells
leadership compelled dozens of
Dropcam employees to resign. It
was my mistake to sell but
thats a story for another day, Mr.
Duffy wrote in a blog post.
A few months later, Mr. Fadell,
who had founded Nest and sold it
to Google, said it was time to move
NEST
on from Nest. Nest is owned by

Googles parent, Alphabet.
In an interview, Maxime Veron,
a director of product marketing
for Nest, said the harsh portrayals
of working at the company did not
reflect reality for most employees.
A few disgruntled people can
create a lot of noise, but if you ask
the majority of people, they can

tell a different story, he said. The
majority of the Dropcam people
are still at Nest, and theyre very
happy here.
Mr. Veron added that Mr. Fadell
was a driving force behind the
new outdoor version of the Nest
camera.
The camera will cost $199 when

it is released this fall. Customers
who subscribe to Nests paid online service for storing video
recordings will also get a new feature called Person Alerts, in which
the camera sends an alert to your
smartphone whenever it detects
someone.
SAN FRANCISCO The Tor

Project, a nonprofit digital privacy
group, on Wednesday replaced its
board with a new slate of directors
as part of a larger shake-up after
allegations of sexual misconduct
by a prominent employee.
The Tor Project promotes the
use of software that helps internet
users mask their online identities
and whereabouts; the software
was developed by the United
States Naval Research Laboratory nearly 20 years ago. The group
has become better known in the
last few years, as Tor is regarded
as a useful tool to evade online
tracking and government surveillance.
But the Tor Project has been
plagued by controversy, most recently involving allegations of
sexual misconduct by Jacob Appelbaum, the 33-year-old public
face of Tor, who was asked to step
down from the group in May.
Last December, the Tor Project
appointed a new executive director, Shari Steele, partly to help restructure the group. She had previously spent 15 years as the executive director of the Electronic
Frontier Foundation.
Mr. Appelbaum has dodged allegations of inappropriate sexual
conduct for years, and was suspended for two weeks last spring
because of accusations of harassment. In May, new revelations
of sexual misconduct emerged,
and Ms. Steele led a push for Mr.
Appelbaums resignation. She
said the Tor Project had been
working with an independent investigator to look into the claims.
Mr. Appelbaum denied the accusations. In a statement last
month, he said: I want to be
clear: The allegations of criminal
sexual misconduct against me are
entirely false. His publicist did
not respond to further requests
for comment.
After the controversy, all seven
of Tors board members agreed to
give up their seats to make room
for a new slate. In a joint statement on Wednesday, they said, It
is time that we pass the baton of
board oversight as the Tor Project
moves into its second decade of
operations.
The new board is part of Ms.
Steeles broader restructuring as
she seeks to promote the legitimacy of the Tor Project. Apart from
dealing with the allegations over
Mr. Appelbaum, the organization
has also struggled to fend off an
image as a Dark Web tool used
by drug dealers and pedophiles.
An official from the Justice Department recently incorrectly
cited a statistic claiming 80 percent of traffic on the Tor network
involved child pornography. That
statistic, however, came from a
study involving a separate service, Tor Hidden Services, which
accounts for less than 2 percent of
all Tor traffic.
Since taking the Tor Projects
helm, Ms. Steele has replaced its
directors of human resources and
administration,
moved
the
projects base of operations to Seattle from Cambridge, Mass., recruited the new slate of directors,
and searched for additional, alternative sources of funding.
Tor has received funding from
private
companies
and
nonprofits, including Google and
Human Rights Watch, but 90 percent of its funding comes from
government contracts and grants.
That is a controversial source of
funds for an organization that
counts dissidents and activists
looking to avoid government
reprisals among its primary user
base.
In an interview, Ms. Steele said
the board moves were intended to
bring in a strong, leadership-oriented board with more experience
leading a strong and sustainable
organization. Recruiting new
members, she said, had not been a
challenge.
All of them had been watching
what was going on with Tor and
were committed and enthusiastic
about growing this into a stronger
and sustainable organization, she
said.
The departing directors are
Meredith Hoban Dunn, Ian Goldberg, Julius Mittenzwei, Rabbi
Rob Thomas, Wendy Seltzer and
two of Tors co-founders, Roger
Dingledine and Nick Mathewson.
Mr. Dingledine and Mr. Mathewson will remain as leaders of Tors
technical research and development.
Their successors include Matt
Blaze, a widely known cryptographer and associate professor at
the University of Pennsylvania;
Cindy Cohn, Ms. Steeles successor as executive director at the
Electronic Frontier Foundation;
Bruce Schneier, a security author
and expert; Gabriella Coleman,
an anthropologist at McGill University who writes about online
activism; Linus Nordberg, a longtime internet and privacy activist; and Megan Price, executive
director of the Human Rights
Data Analysis Group. The remaining board seat has yet to be filled.
B3
Cravath, Swaine & Moore Law Firm Names Its First Female Leader
By MICHAEL J. de la MERCED
One of the biggest deal makers

at Cravath, Swaine & Moore, a
pre-eminent law firm on Wall
Street, is poised to take over its
top spot and become the first
woman to do so.
Cravath plans to announce on
Thursday that Faiza J. Saeed, one
of the two leaders of its mergers
practice, will become the 16th presiding partner in the nearly twocentury history of the law firm.
Ms. Saeeds 25 years at the firm
have been punctuated by some of
the most prominent corporate
deals in recent history.
Im very honored to take the
role, she said in a telephone interview. I think its going to be a
great opportunity to focus more
on Cravath, both on our strategy
and maintaining our excellence.
She is scheduled to assume the
post, the highest at Cravath, on
Jan. 1, though she will first serve
as deputy presiding partner
through the end of the year. Ms.
Saeed will take over from fellow
Elizabeth Olson contributed reporting.
corporate partner C. Allen Parker,

who will return to advising clients
full time after spending three
years in the top role.
And she will be in very rarefied
company.
Among the nations 200 largest
law firms in 2015, only three had
women as managing partners, according to a study by the National
Association of Women Lawyers.
The move is being made as Cravath which traces its lineage to
William H. Seward, the secretary
of state under Abraham Lincoln
has continued to ride high among
Wall Streets cadre of deal makers.
It has never been one of the biggest law firms in the country, with
just 471 lawyers in Midtown Manhattan and London.
But it has long been involved in
some of the biggest transactions,
and is considered a leader in the
legal field in matters like compensation. When Cravath raised its
pay for first-year lawyers to
$180,000, several of its peers followed suit, as is the norm in the
American law industry.
The firm placed second in
Thomson Reuters ranking of le-
gal advisers on mergers last year,

after Skadden, Arps, Slate,
Meagher & Flom, with 97 announced transactions worth
$926.5 billion under its belt.
For the first half of this year,
Cravath ranked seventh, with 40
transactions worth $166.6 billion.
The elevation of Ms. Saeed signals in part the continued centrality of mergers work at Cravath, after another prominent deal adviser, Scott Barshay, decamped for
Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton &
Garrison in April. Still, about 43
partners work out of Cravaths
corporate department, which is
responsible for deals.
Ms. Saeed has been one of Cravaths top rainmakers for years.
She helped defend Time Warner
against an unwanted takeover bid
by Rupert Murdoch and advised
on DreamWorks Animations
nearly $4 billion sale to Comcast.
Almost two decades ago, she
helped advise Vivendi in its $34
billion takeover of Seagram.
She advised Precision Castparts as it negotiated its $37 billion sale to Berkshire Hathaway,
the biggest takeover by Warren E.
Buffett. She is working on Yahoos
CRAVATH
Faiza Saeed, a leader of Cravaths mergers practice, will be

the 16th leader of the firm.
efforts to sell itself, a process that
may end in a multibillion-dollar
sale as soon as next week.
Ive always found Faiza to be a
confident and trusted adviser in
the best and toughest of times,
said Kurt N. Simon, the global
chairman of mergers and acquisi-
tions at JPMorgan Chase.

Blair Effron, the co-founder of
the independent investment bank
Centerview Partners, said, Shes
a legal therapist in that she understands clients very well, and she
guides them to the answer that is
best for them in a businesslike and
practical manner.
Several of Ms. Saeeds clients
also offered praise.
Jeffrey Katzenberg, the chief
executive of DreamWorks Animation, said: For more than 20
years, Faiza has been one of my
most trusted advisers. Ive leaned
on her steady and strategic counsel throughout the entire history
of our company, from our founding
all the way through to our recent
deal with Comcast.
A native of Northern California,
Ms. Saeed graduated from the
University of California, Berkeley,
in 1987 with degrees in economics
and molecular biology and from
Harvard Law School in 1991. She
joined Cravath, was made partner
in 1998 and became co-head of the
mergers team, with Robert I.
Townsend III, three years ago.
Though she will be presiding
Report Calls Seller-Financed Home Sales Toxic Transactions

By ALEXANDRA STEVENSON
and MATTHEW GOLDSTEIN
Seller-financed home sales are

toxic transactions, a prominent
national consumer law organization said on Thursday as it released a report and called for
greater federal and state oversight of the sales.
In its report, the National Consumer Law Center said that many
of the contracts in such transactions were built to fail and were
predatory in nature benefiting
sellers at the expense of lower-income and minority buyers who
could not qualify for mortgages.
Such a transaction, called a contract for deed or land contract, is
similar to buying a home on an installment plan, with a high-interest, long-term loan. For buyers
lured by the dream of homeownership, the transactions can turn
into money pits that result in a
quick eviction by the seller, who
can then flip the home again, an investigation by The New York
Times found earlier this year.
The National Consumer Law
Center study describes a shadow
housing market that has emerged
after the financial crisis. These
contracts have flourished in communities where there was a large
supply of cheap, foreclosed homes
and a paucity of mortgages for
properties worth substantially
less than $100,000.
Land installment contracts are
popular with investors because
defaulting borrowers can be
swiftly evicted, and traditional
mortgage foreclosure protections
do not apply, the report said.
This allows investors to reap
substantial profits.
Some state regulators and federal lawmakers are pushing for
stronger action to clamp down on
predatory seller-financed home
sales.
One of the larger national firms
to emerge in the contract for deed
market is Harbour Portfolio Advisors. The Dallas company has
bought nearly 7,000 homes
most of them from the government-backed mortgage company
Fannie Mae and has been reselling them as is, often in need
of major repairs, through contracts that critics contend lack basic consumer protections. The
Times article in February focused
on Harbour Portfolio.
The National Consumer Law
Center looked at 94 homes that
Harbour Portfolio had purchased

in the Atlanta area and found that
the properties were overwhelmingly located in predominantly
African-American
neighborhoods.
In one case, Charles Wright, 46,
of Lithonia, Ga., spent more than
$12,000 on repairs and improvements for a Harbour Portfolio
home in 2012. The company then
moved to evict Mr. Wright this
year after he missed several
monthly payments last year.
Over three years, Mr. Wright
paid more than $17,000 toward the
balance of the 30-year contract,
according to his lawyer and one of
the authors of the report. Mr.
Wright said he felt misled by Harbour Portfolio, which had bought
the home for $11,745 from Fannie
Mae.
They were wrong for telling
me that I was buying a house and
then getting me to put all this
money in, Mr. Wright said. And
now they are kicking me out.
In an emailed response, a representative for Harbour Portfolio
said: We have worked hard to resolve any issues with him in the
past and we will continue to look
for a solution.
The representative added,
Harbour welcomes the opportunity to work with government authorities to create a specific
framework for this industry.
The law center report also
noted that from the 1930s to the
1960s, contract for deed sales were
typically used by home sellers in
black communities where mortgages were largely unavailable.
But then as now, a contract for
deed created a mirage of homeownership, the report said. It said
that the housing lawyers who
were
interviewed
described
marketing schemes that appeared to target African-American and Spanish-speaking consumers.
The report urges the Consumer
Financial Protection Bureau to
take the lead in pushing for comprehensive regulation or pursuing enforcement actions against
sellers who use predatory contracts. The federal consumer protection bureau has jurisdiction
over seller-financed transactions.
It also recommends that all land
contracts be recorded, that they
use the same standard contract
and that sellers be required to pay
for an independent appraisal and
MICHAEL F. M cELROY FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A Harbour Portfolio property in Akron, Ohio. The company uses installment sales contracts.
inspection of the home before a
sale.
In May, seven Democratic
United States senators led by
Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut and Sherrod Brown of Ohio
wrote to the bureau, expressing
concern over the lack of consumer
protections for low-income home
buyers in contract for deed financing. Richard Cordray, the bureaus
director, said in response that he
shared the lawmakers concerns
but noted that the bureau was still
gathering information to determine the scope of the problem.
The authorities in New York
sent subpoenas to several companies this spring to determine how
prevalent such contracts were in
the state. The Missouri attorney
general in late May issued an alert
warning residents to be wary of
abuses with contract for deed
sales.
New Mexico officials are also
investigating reports that contract for deed home sales are targeting immigrant and Spanishspeaking populations, according
to Hector Balderas, the states attorney general.
In my review of the issue there
is no effective government oversight in measuring the scope of
the problem, Mr. Balderas said.
Nobody is monitoring the scope
and size of these real estate contracts.
But the contracts and other
forms of seller-financing deals
have strong supporters, too.
Several nonprofit organizations
are using contract for deed sales
to help those who have poor credit
find a path to homeownership.
Historically, such contracts have
been used by people to sell their
homes to friends and relatives.

Several legislators introduced a
bill
in
the
House
of
Representatives in May that
would relax some of the rules for
companies that enter into fewer
than 24 seller-financed transactions in a year. The measure would
amend a provision in the DoddFrank financial reform law that
requires companies engaging in
contract for deed sales to register
as mortgage originators.
We know a lot of folks who are
unbanked or unbankable you
cant fit a square peg in a round
hole and that is where seller financing comes in, said Charles
Tassell, a member of the Seller Finance Coalition, a two-year-old
group that has lobbied for the bill.
If seller financing isnt a good
deal for both sides, he said, it is
not going to succeed.
Market Manages to Eke Out Tiny Gains and More Records

Stocks stayed in record territory on Wednesday, if only by the
smallest of margins.
After big advances in recent
days, investors appeared to take a
breather. Stocks opened higher,
then moved up and down in indecisive trading. In the last halfhour, the Standard & Poors 500stock index crept to a tiny gain,
closing up less than a third of a
point, an increase of 0.01 percent.
Still, it was another high, and a
winning streak that began with a
strong jobs report on Friday
stretched into a fourth day. Good
economic numbers could translate into decent second-quarter
earnings, and rates are low, said
Ernest E. Cecilia, chief investment officer at Bryn Mawr Trust.
Utility companies rose more
than the rest of the market, a sign
that investors remain cautious.
Investors also sought safety in
government
bonds,
sending
yields lower. The yield on the 10year Treasury note, which had
been rising since hitting a record
low last week, dropped to 1.47 percent from 1.51 percent.

The Dow Jones industrial average rose 24.45 points, or 0.1 percent, to 18,372.12. The Nasdaq
composite lost 17.09 points, or 0.3
percent, at 5,005.73. The S.&P. 500
closed at 2,152.43.
Rising oil prices have brought
relief to the market in recent
months, but the price dropped on
Wednesday after the government
said crude oil stockpiles shrank
less than expected last week.
Eight of the S.&P.s 10 biggest
losers were energy-related companies. Hess fell $2.11, or 3.5 percent, to $58.02, and Devon Energy
lost $1.01, or 2.5 percent, to $39.
For all the recent headlinegrabbing gains in the market, the
major indexes are barely above
their old records a year ago. In
essence, we have a stock market
that has given us zero gains but
plenty of heartaches, said James
A. Abate, chief investment officer
at Centre Asset Management.
On Thursday, JPMorgan Chase
and Delta Air Lines will report
Germany
Sells Bonds
That Yield
Under Zero
By DAVID JOLLY
STOCKS & BONDS
By The Associated Press
partner, she will not need to oversee day-to-day management of

the firm. Cravath has an executive
director, Donna Rosenwasser.
But Ms. Saeed will be responsible for shepherding the firms
overall strategy as law firms are
grappling with changes in the industry, including clients seeking
to clamp down on legal fees. Yet
Cravath is better positioned than
most of its peers, Ms. Saeed argued. There are a lot of things
changing in the profession, but
weve always been very nimble,
she said. Im hoping I can help in
that regard.
She acknowledged she would
be joining the small club of women
who lead major law firms, one that
includes Jami Wintz McKeon, the
chairwoman of Morgan Lewis,
and Kathryn J. Fritz, the managing partner of Fenwick & West.
Women accounted for about 18
percent of the equity partners at
American law firms, according to
the study by the National Association of Women Lawyers.
It would be great to see more,
Ms. Saeed said of female leaders
in the legal industry.
The Dow Minute by Minute

Position of the Dow Jones industrial average at 1-minute intervals on
Wednesday.
18400
18,380
18,360
18,340
Previous close
18,347.67
10 a.m.
Noon
Source: Reuters
earnings, followed by Citigroup

and Wells Fargo on Friday.
Among stocks making big
moves, Juno Therapeutics soared
$2.63, or 9.5 percent, to $30.42 after regulators said its leukemia
drug trials could continue. The
stock had tumbled Friday after
the Food and Drug Administra-
2 p.m.
18,320
4 p.m.
THE NEW YORK TIMES
tion halted testing.

In overseas trading, the British
FTSE 100 slipped 0.2 percent and
the DAX in Germany fell 0.3 percent. In France, the CAC 40 rose
0.1 percent.
In Japan, the Nikkei 224 extended gains for another day, with
a rise of 0.8 percent, on hopes that
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will

expand bond purchases and flood
financial markets with money
now that his Liberal Democratic
Party has won parliamentary
elections.
In the currency markets, the
euro rose to $1.1092 from $1.1060
and the dollar fell to 104.42 yen
from 104.85 yen. The pound fell to
$1.3136 from $1.3247.
Precious and industrial metals
prices rose. Gold climbed $8.30, to
$1,342.40 an ounce. Silver increased 24 cents, to $20.41 an
ounce, and copper added 3 cents,
to $2.24 a pound.
Benchmark United States
crude fell $2.05, or 4.4 percent, to
close at $44.75 a barrel in New
York. Brent crude, a standard for
international oil prices, lost 4.6
percent, to close at $46.26 a barrel
in London.
Wholesale gasoline lost 5 cents,
or 3.6 percent, to close at $1.38 a
barrel. Heating oil fell 8 cents, or
5.6 percent, to $1.38 a barrel, and
natural gas was flat at $2.74 per
1,000 cubic feet.
When it comes to bond yields in

Europe, it seems there is no such
thing as too low.
Germany on Wednesday became the first country in the eurozone to sell 10-year debt with a
negative yield at an auction, effectively ensuring that investors lose
money over the life of the bond.
It is the latest twist in the upside-down world of bonds, in
which global investors are increasingly willing to pay governments for the privilege of holding
their debt. The trend reflects the
rising uncertainty over global
growth, which is prompting concerned investors to pile into all
types of safe havens.
In the case of German bonds,
the negative rates reflect the worries
over
the
potential
repercussions from Britains vote
to leave the European Union,
which analysts have warned will
lead to slowing growth across the
region. With Europe barely having recovered from a financial crisis, fears have risen over the impact Brexit, as Britains exit is
known, will have on economic expansion in the region.
As it looks to bolster growth, the
European Central Bank has also
slashed interest rates into negative territory. And it is printing
money to buy bonds.
Uncertainty means
investors are willing to
lose money on an
asset deemed safe.
Such pressures are pushing
bond rates down around the
world. Across the globe, $11.7 trillion of government debt generally considered to be among the
safest of assets is trading at
negative yields, according to Fitch
Ratings.
The impacts of negative yields
are still not fully understood by
analysts or policy makers. The
global financial system is largely
predicated on above-zero rates,
with banks, investment houses
and pension funds all depending
to some extent on what has traditionally been a given.
Investors are now willing to
buy bonds at levels that were unimaginable not so long ago, said
Philippe Gijsels, chief investment
officer at BNP Paribas Fortis in
Brussels.
Its a new reality, Mr. Gijsels
said, and I think it will be like this
for quite a while.
In a sign of that new reality,
Germany sold 4.8 billion euros, or
$5.3 billion, of 10-year notes at an
auction on Wednesday, with a
yield of minus 0.05 percent. That
was the first time the securities
were priced at a negative yield at
auction. Yields on existing German 10-year debt the benchmark for the eurozone fell into
negative territory in June.
Switzerland on Wednesday sold
42-year bonds priced to yield minus 0.2 percent. Elsewhere, bond
yields even when in positive
territory are historically low.
British 10-year notes now yield
around 0.7 percent, close to a new
low, compared with around 2.1 percent a year ago.
B4
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Family Businesses Try to Lift the Second-Generation Curse

By AMY HAIMERL
Natalie Sexton jokes that her

earliest memory is being rocked
to sleep on the machinery bottling
her mothers line of all-natural
juices. She was just an infant
when Marygrace Sexton started
Natalies Orchid Island Juice
Company in 1990, naming it after
her.
This is all Ive known, Ms.
Sexton said.
Twenty-six years later, she is
preparing to take over her familys business in the coming decade. The company, based in Fort
Pierce, Fla., has expanded from
its humble beginnings. Her
mother had to borrow the butchers truck at night to make deliveries. Now, the company has 100
employees and distribution in 32
states and 34 countries.
For Natalie, expanding while
keeping the business debt-free, as
her mother has, remains an important goal.
We are building a company to
last, Ms. Sexton said. Marygrace instilled this in me from a
young age.
Looming over her is the
statistic that only 30 percent of
family-owned businesses make it
through the second generation.
That data is from 1987, but experts
say it is still holds true today. It is
known as the second-generation
curse.
With many of the families that
stumble into the second generation and then fail, said John A.
Davis, a Harvard Business School
professor, youll see a pattern
where the second generation wasnt developed well and the first
generation stayed on too long and
didnt let the next generation take
the reins or experiment.
More than three million familyowned businesses in the United
States face the issue of how to beat
the odds. The three critical goals
for such companies are to bring on
board and train the next generation, plan for succession and let go
when the time is right.
For the Sextons, identifying
who would lead the next generation was easy. The company was
named after Ms. Sexton, who always knew she wanted to follow
her mother, though there were
some sore points when Natalie
was younger, Marygrace Sexton
remembered.
One day, Natalie was crying
and said, I have no mother; I just
have a C.E.O., Mrs. Sexton said.
Other children, however, have
had to prove themselves to their
parents before even being hired at
the family firm, let alone taking
the helm. Suzanne Groth, whose
family owns Groth Vineyards &
Winery in Napa Valley, did not initially want to be involved in the
business. Everyone assumed her
PHOTOGRAPHS BY SEAN PROCTOR FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
From left, Jeffery, Jennifer, Cassandra and Espy Thomas at

Sweet Potato Sensations in Detroit. The elder Thomases are
transitioning ownership of the business to Jennifer and Espy.
brother, who has an M.B.A., would

take over. But he wasnt interested.
Ms. Groth, after burning out on
postcollege hospitality jobs, decided she wanted to be back in the
wine business after all. When she
asked her father, she didnt get the
answer she expected.
He said, You didnt think you
were going to get a job here, did
you? Ms. Groth remembered.
You dont have any experience.
Her father, Dennis Groth, remembered the conversation going more gently, but the end result
was the same. Ms. Groth took a job
with a local distributor to learn the
sales side of the business.
After working at the distributor

for five years, she joined the vineyard as the regional sales manager. Today, she is the vice president for sales and marketing at
the 121-acre winery, which has 30
employees, and she is on track to
become what the business calls its
managing member.
More families are choosing
their daughters over their sons,
said Mr. Davis of Harvard, who is
also founder of Cambridge Family
Enterprise Group, a consulting
and research firm. Its still not at
parity, but the playing field is
much more level, he said. Families are becoming more talentoriented.
Frank Venegas Jr. has both a
daughter, Linzie, and a son, Jesse,

working at the Ideal Group, a Detroit manufacturing and construction services company he started
in 1979 with $12,000 he earned selling a Cadillac Coupe DeVille that
he won in a raffle. Today, the Ideal
Group employs 850 and has four
divisions.
Ms. Venegas is the vice president for marketing, finance and
human resources, while her
brother runs one of the divisions.
But which one will lead the company is still not known.
God knows what will happen,
Mr. Venegas said. But they separate roles really well.
In the meantime, he has begun
transferring stock to his children
and putting an official succession
plan into place to clarify roles and
titles. He is now the chairman and
his brother Loren is president,
acting as a bridge to the next generation.
I always hated all of those titles, he said. They dont mean
anything. But they really do in a
transition phase because if you
dont have a place to write in what
everyone is supposed to do, it gets
real shady.
Such formal succession planning, however, is not that common
among family enterprises. The

latest PricewaterhouseCoopers
Family Business Survey, published last year, found that almost
three-quarters of family businesses do not have a succession
plan for senior roles and that half
of the founders stay involved
longer than is optimum.
Addressing what the report
called the sticky baton syndrome, when the founder is not
willing to let go even when its
time, is perhaps the most difficult
conversation among family members.
With a founder generation
struggling to let go, we often see
them hand over the title, but they
dont really give over the control
or the leadership, said Jonathan
Flack, a partner in PricewaterhouseCoopers and leader of its
family business services in the
United States.
So many lines are blurred in
family business that lack of communication kills many firms
making the generational transition.
You have to be able to talk
about the business issues and confront issues when they exist, Mr.
Davis said. You need to have
leadership and parenting to be
able to keep this thing going.

To avoid family conflicts, the
Groth family created the title of
managing member to identify the
person responsible for making final decisions for the business.
Dennis Groth now holds that title,
and Suzanne Groth is learning
how to make her proposals to him
for changes.
My father has always planned
everything on a spreadsheet, she
said. So if I want my father to bite
down on something, I get him to
look at the numbers.
When she wants the support of
her mother, Judy, she changes her
approach. With my mother, its
best if its her idea, she said. I
plant the seed and hope it grows.
Ms. Groth is trying to persuade
them to adopt screw cap bottles
instead of using corks. But her
mother associates them with lowcost fortified wines.
She remembers when Thunderbird would be left on the street
by the bums, Ms. Groth said.
Thats not the wine shes making.
So I have to ultimately respect the
people who are running the business.
Even at small operations, the division of labor is critical. Sweet
Potato Sensations, a bakery in Detroit with 15 employees, ensures
that each family member stays in
a lane of expertise. Espy Thomas is the Queen of Awesomeness,
responsible for all customer-related duties, such as social media
and branding. Her sister, Jennifer,
the Master Product Formulator,
develops recipes for the various
products, which include sweet potato pie, cake, ice cream and waffles.
My sister is the reason why everything gets done, Espy Thomas said.
Neither sister planned to be a
part of the business they had
enough of lugging potatoes and
smelling like pie when they were
children. But both came back
nearly 15 years ago. Now, Espy
cant imagine not being a part of
the business and shaping it for the
future.
So far, they think they will escape the second-generation curse.
They persuaded their parents to
build out a cafe rather than just
serving baked goods. Now, they
are considering expanding beyond sweet potato recipes because of customer demand.
But the sisters are trying to help
their parents, Cassandra and Jeffery, step back from the business.
Even though its challenging
working with my parents every
day, I like it, Espy Thomas said. I
feel like our parents have tried to
create a legacy for us. I am passionate about that legacy. I dont
want to see what they created just
go away.
After Brexit, Norway

As a Model for Britain
ter, the countrys economy risks
falling off a cliff.
A Norwegian-style deal has its
advantages. Norway is outside of
the bloc, but it can trade easily
with its members through a construct known as the European
Economic Area. The hitch is that
Norway, in exchange for the trade
deal, must allow the free movement of people a principle that
Ms. May, who has vowed to clamp
down on immigration, may not
fully concede.
Britain will probably do a Norway-lite, where it will have to cede
some market access in return for
the right to place some controls on
free movement, said Simon Tilford, deputy director of the Center
for European Reform in London.
But once the costs become apparent, there will be more of a debate in the U.K. about whether its
enough, and the politics will get
really toxic.
In some ways, Norway can relate to Brexit, as the British exit
is known. This verdant Scandinavian country, population five million, voted twice to stay outside
the European Union in heated referendums that also turned on issues of sovereignty.
And life outside the European
Union is nice. Norway is a wealthy
nation, with vast natural resources including oil, farmland
and teeming fishing grounds
along 400 miles of rugged coastland. Oslo, the capital, has upscale
stores, tidy homes and a Royal
Palace a reminder of why Norwegians value independence.
Clean hydropower fuels a wide
range of products, from highspeed trains to Mr. Braathens water heaters.
But there are trade-offs. For access to Europes single market,
which Britain still seeks, Norway
pays hundreds of millions of euros
a year into the blocs budget. It is
also required to accept every law
that Brussels adopts, like the one
that threatened Mr. Braathens
business, without getting to vote

on them.
Crucially, it must also allow citizens from the European Union to
pass freely through its borders,
meaning it does not have control
over immigration, a pivotal issue
for British voters who wanted out
of the bloc. As a result, Norway
has even higher per-capita immigration than Britain.
Its integration without representation: You get access to the
market, but you dont get a voice,
said Ulf Sverdrup, the director of
the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs and the author of
a report tallying the cost to Norway outside the European Union.
For a country like Britain, if you
have ambitions to be a leader in
Europe, its not a good thing.
Britain has other options, but
they are hardly more palatable. It
could negotiate trade deals with
27 remaining member nations, as
Switzerland did. But that would be
a lengthy mess. Or it could follow
Canadas approach, striking deals
for trading goods but limiting
services, which could hit Britains
vaunted financial industry.
Or the European Union might
decline to strike any deal, creating
uncertainty in Britain and around
the world. In a meeting this week
between the United States Treasury secretary, Jacob J. Lew, and
the chancellor of the Exchequer,
George Osborne, Mr. Lew urged
that both sides demonstrate flexibility in their discussions. A
highly integrated relationship between the E.U. and the U.K. is in
the best interests of Europe, the
United States and global economic growth, stability and security, he said.
The easiest thing, analysts say,
is to just join the European Economic Area like Norway.
That arrangement gives Norway sovereignty over two crucial
industries that were the focus of
Brexit campaigners. The country
is free to pursue protectionist policies for its farmers and fishermen,
for instance by slapping import
tariffs of more than 270 percent on
DAVID B. TORCH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Oslos fish market. Norways trading relationship with the European Union allows it to protect its fishing grounds.
cheese from Europe.
But it would not let Britain coddle one of its biggest industries
finance.
As a European Union member,
Britain has been able to foil attempts by France and Germany to
curb or siphon business by vetoing certain measures, like a proposal to impose a single tax on the
regions financial sector. London
also won a victory at the European general court against a European Central Bank rule that
would have moved trading of securities priced in euros to countries that use the currency. It
would have meant a huge loss of
business for the banks that have
turned the City, the center of finance in London, into Europes financial capital.
Outside of the European Union,
Britain would be left to do what
Norway does: lobby hard behind
the scenes and hope that its voice
is heard in Brussels.
It goes without saying that ex-
erting influence in a cooperation

such as the E.U., where we are not
a member, is challenging, said
Elsbeth Sande Tronstad, Norways deputy minister of European Economic Area and European Union affairs.
Britain, as Europes secondlargest economy and a political
powerhouse, would probably still
have much more sway than tiny
Norway. But the risks are there.
Outside the E.U., the U.K.
would have to give up its current
significant influence over E.U. decision-making and become a ruletaker rather than a rule-maker,
the British Treasury said in a
study published before the referendum.
From his perch in Hokksund, a
bucolic industrial town nestled
among emerald forests and dark
fjords west of Oslo, Mr. Braathen
has seen the consequences.
Founded by his grandfather in
1932, his company benefited
greatly from being able to sell
products throughout Europe with

little interference.
But three years ago, he learned
that a draft directive on energy efficiency would threaten half his
product range. The European Union had introduced rules that favor gas water heaters over electric ones, as a way to encourage
countries that rely on coal-powered electricity to shift from dirty
fuel. Yet Norways electricity, generated from hydroelectric power
plants, was already among the
cleanest in the world.
Mr. Braathen reckoned he
would have to invest millions in a
new plant to meet the standards.
If he did not, he would be barred
from selling his products even in
Norway, because European Union
rules apply to his own country
even though it is not a member.
By chance, his company, Oso,
won a partial reprieve. France and
Finland, bloc members whose interests align with Norways because they produce nuclear ener-
gy, lobbied to get the final rule watered down. That narrowed the
number of products that Oso
would no longer be able to sell.
But that was pure luck, said
Mr. Braathen, who still had to refurbish many of his machines to
meet other aspects of the directive. And if it hadnt happened,
there was nothing we could have
done, he said.
Mr. Braathen swept his eyes
over a lane of fir trees lining the
entry to the factory. What had
happened in his small world now
seemed likely to reverberate on a
larger scale in Britain and with
more dire consequences.
Im sure Britain will have more
weight in Brussels than Norway,
he said. But any way you cut it,
they will have a lot less voice on
the issues that affect them than
they do now.
They voted to take their country back, he added. But you cant
take something back without giving something up.
0N
B5
Ex-Anchors Fox Contract Could Cloak Her Harassment Case in Secrecy

From Page A1
soaring number of corporations
have sought to keep employment
disputes private. That is because
arbitration in general is a private
process, conducted out of public
view with no judge or jury. By using the arbitration clauses to bar
people from joining together as a
group, employers, both large and
small, have effectively taken
away one of the few tools that
workers have to fight harassment
or discrimination.
In a report issued just last week,
the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission noted that
forced arbitration can prevent
employees from learning about
similar concerns shared by others
in their workplace.
Some regulators and civil rights
experts also worry that arbitration clauses can obscure patterns
of wrongdoing.
Strict confidentiality can turn
up in a variety of contexts, from
payday-lending outfits, which
sometimes rely on them to conceal the true identity of lenders
that operate through shell companies, to personal relationships.
But, according to Mr. Bland,
only a small minority of employers insert strict confidentiality
provisions into their arbitration
agreements with workers. Joseph
Beachboard, a management-side
lawyer at Ogletree Deakins,

agreed that the provision was aggressive but said such provisions
can be more common in high-profile settings that attract publicity.
In arguing for arbitration, Mr.
Ailess lawyers cited privacy as a
crucial component of the employment contract. On Wednesday,
David W. Garland, a lawyer representing Mr. Ailes, said, We view
this as a common provision, to further the purposes of the arbitration, and for the benefit of all parties to the arbitration. (Fox News
directed all comment to Mr. Ailess
lawyers.) Still, confidentiality provisions have sometimes kept the
details surrounding accusations
of harassment and discrimination
under wraps.
In one example, American Apparel required many employees to
agree to resolve disputes through
arbitration, and to keep most of
the details of the arbitration
process completely private. Many
employment contracts also included a confidentiality agreement that prohibited workers
from publicly sharing personal
details about Dov Charney, the
companys founder and former
chief executive. Those who did,
the contracts stipulated, could be
required to pay damages of $1 million.
Several cases in which female
employees sued American Apparel and Mr. Charney for sexual har-
ANN JOHANSSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
American Apparel workers

were forbidden to share details about Dov Charney.
assment were pushed out of court
and into arbitration, where details
were kept private. (An employee
who accused Mr. Charney of choking him and rubbing dirt in his
face did win the right to pursue his
case in court in 2013.) Mr. Charneys board eventually let him go
as chief executive in 2014.
His lawyer, Keith Fink, said that
tens of thousands of employees
worked for the company while Mr.
Charney built it and ran it, only of
a few of whom sued for harassment.
For Ms. Carlson, who has sued

only Mr. Ailes and not Fox News,
there are essentially two options
for resisting the secrecy Fox has
tried to impose. The first is to have
a court toss out the arbitration
agreement altogether.
But she will face an uphill battle,
thanks in part to a recent Supreme
Court decision that enshrined the
use of arbitration clauses. Judges
have also cited one of the most
fundamental principles of contract law to uphold the clauses: A
contract, once signed, is binding.
Ms. Carlsons lawyers could try
to use that notion to their advantage. To defeat the clause, her legal team has argued that her contract covers only a suit against
Fox News, not one against Mr.
Ailes, who is not explicitly mentioned in the contract.
To the extent that Ailes is a
stranger to the agreement, he
doesnt necessarily get to take advantage of it, said Matt Wessler, a
principal at Gupta Wessler with
extensive experience arguing arbitration cases on behalf of plaintiffs. Its a very significant as yet
unresolved question.
Even the United States Court of
Appeals for the Eighth Circuit,
widely seen as one of the more
conservative federal appeals
courts in the country, recently invalidated an arbitration agreement on this basis.
Ms. Carlson could also argue
that the conduct she complained

about had little to do with her employment relationship with Mr.
Ailes and therefore shouldnt be
subject to arbitration. She could
come in and say, Look, I went
there to be a broadcaster, not to
have this guy look at my rear
end, said Mr. Bland, alluding to
an accusation in Ms. Carlsons
complaint.
Courts have sided with some
plaintiffs who made this argument, although the alleged conduct in those cases tends to be
more serious than anything Ms.
Carlson has alleged.
In arbitration, the rules tilt toward businesses, employment experts say. Instead of judges, cases
are decided by arbitrators who
sometimes consider the companies that routinely bring them
business their clients, according
to interviews with arbitrators.
The more times companies go
to arbitration, the better they fare,
concluded a 2011 analysis by Alexander J. S. Colvin, a professor at
the Cornell University School of
Industrial and Labor Relations.
Of 3,945 employment cases decided by arbitrators from one of
the nations biggest arbitration
firms, plaintiffs won about 31 percent of them when employers had
only one case before the arbitrator, according to Mr. Colvins
study. The win rate plummeted by
more than half when companies
had multiple cases before the

same arbitrator.
Yet if a court does not invalidate
the entire arbitration agreement,
Ms. Carlson has a second option:
persuading the judge to strike
down just the confidentiality provision.
A 2003 decision by the United
States Court of Appeals for the
Ninth Circuit in San Francisco,
which has been cited by a number
of other courts over the years,
held that striking down a secrecy
provision of an arbitration agreement was necessary precisely because of the advantages it provides to companies being challenged.
The loss of confidentiality protection can foreshadow other developments that favor a plaintiff.
In 2004, the Washington State Supreme Court threw out a confidentiality provision challenged by a
worker named Therese Zuver
during a disability discrimination
case against her employer.
While the court still required
the two sides to go through arbitration, the narrower victory appeared to be more than merely
symbolic. According to Ms. Zuvers lawyer, Mitchell Alan Riese,
the case never did make it to arbitration. The company settled after
the state Supreme Court handed
down its decision.
Company Known for Its Stun Guns Corners the Market for Body Cameras
founded Taser in Scottsdale, Ariz.,
in 1993, and the company now is
worth about $1.3 billion. Taser
cameras have captured thousands of altercations between the
police and the public and several
controversial police shootings, including ones in Albuquerque and
Cincinnati.
Yet as Taser works to sell cameras and software to more departments, it is coming under fire for
questionable business practices.
In some instances, it has paid police chiefs to travel to Taser conferences. In other cases, chiefs
who have bought Taser products
have joined the company as
consultants shortly after leaving
public service. And several cities
have awarded contracts to Taser
without competitive bidding.
So far, these issues have done
little to blunt Tasers momentum.
Last quarter, for the first time,
Taser booked more sales for body
cameras and related software
than it did for its stun guns.
Interest in body cameras was
already picking up two years ago,
as police departments around the
country started responding to
calls for greater accountability.
Then, in August 2014, a white police officer killed Mr. Brown, an
unarmed black teenager, in Ferguson. The officer was not wearing a body camera, and witnesses
disputed his account of the altercation that led to the shooting. The
officer was not charged, and critics said that had he been wearing
a body camera, the outcome might
have been different.
Video captured by body cameras can be difficult to interpret.
Yet as more Taser cameras are deployed around the country, the
grainy images they produce are
playing an increasingly important
role in the aftermath of deadly
shootings.
At times, the video can exonerate officers. In 2009, shortly after
Taser began selling its cameras
through its Axon division, Sgt.
Brandon Davis shot and killed a
man in Fort Smith, Ark. Video recorded by his body camera captured the shooting, and Mr. Davis
was cleared of wrongdoing.
In other instances, the footage
can portray police as needlessly
aggressive. In 2014, a Taser Axon
camera worn by an officer in Albuquerque captured the fatal shooting of a homeless man by officers
who did not appear to be
threatened. The two officers have
been charged with second-degree
murder and are expected to stand
trial soon.
Even when body cameras are
worn, they are not always effective. When two police officers fatally shot Alton B. Sterling in Baton Rouge, La., on July 5, they
were wearing body cameras made
by a Taser competitor. A police
spokesman said the cameras became dislodged during the altercation with Mr. Sterling, and the
video was unlikely to reveal
much; Baton Rouge is making a
transition to Taser cameras.
In another incident last week,
the officer who killed Philando
Castile during a traffic stop in Falcon Heights, Minn., was not wearing a body camera. But Mr.
Castiles girlfriend streamed the
aftermath on Facebook Live.
The whole world wants to
know what the heck happened in
the moments leading up to that
shooting, said Mr. Smith of Taser.
Would a body camera have
changed the behavior? Maybe.
But it sure would have answered
some questions.
Just a few years ago, many police were reluctant to wear body
cameras, fearing that their every
action would be scrutinized.
Complaints about
ties with the police
and sales practices.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY CAITLIN O'HARA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Patrick W. Smith, the chief executive of Taser International,

above, wearing the Axon Flex
body camera. A mannequin,
left, with a close-up view of
the camera.
There was a real hesitation at

first, said Officer Jeff Garwacki,
who oversees the body camera
program at the Fort Worth Police
Department.
But as the devices have become
more common, many police officers have come to rely on them. In
Fort Worth, which has bought 800
body cameras from Taser and
uses its Evidence.com service, Mr.

Garwacki said most officers
wanted to wear cameras at all
times.
Though research is limited,
some studies suggest that the use
of body cameras can reduce the
use of force by officers and complaints by the public. In a study
published in the Journal of Quanti-
ALBUQUERQUE POLICE DEPARTMENT, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
tative Criminology, researchers

found that when officers in Rialto,
Calif., began wearing body cameras, use of force by officers
dropped 59 percent, and complaints against officers dropped
87 percent.
When police use body cameras
and tell people that they are using
them, it tends to produce better
behavior by both the police and

the public, said Chad Marlow, advocacy and policy counsel at the
American Civil Liberties Union.
Yet Mr. Marlow expressed concern that Taser had achieved such
dominance in the body camera industry so quickly.
The fact that a lot of police departments are familiar with Taser
has created an inclination to go
with them, said Mr. Marlow.
Other companies are not getting
the opportunity to show off their
products.
Some of Tasers rivals, Mr. Marlow said, were developing software that made it easier to redact
identifying features of people captured on camera, better protecting their privacy.
There is no doubt that Taser has
managed to use its longstanding
relationships with police departments, which have used the companys stun guns for decades, to
gain its early lead in the market
for body cameras and related software.
But several competitors, and
some city officials, accuse the
company of cozying up to police
ARTHUR REED, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
A camera captured the fatal standoff with a homeless man, left, in 2014. At right, the shooting death on July 5 of Alton B. Sterling.
chiefs to secure lucrative contracts. Nearly all of the roughly

18,000 law enforcement agencies
in the United States have bought
Tasers stun guns. Taser is very
much intertwined with police departments, said Mark Strouse, an
analyst at JPMorgan Chase.
In several instances around the
country, Taser has either paid for
the travel of police chiefs who
went on to award the company
contracts, or hired recently retired chiefs who had awarded
Taser contracts.
In other cases, cities have
skipped traditional steps like competitive bidding and city council
approval, and awarded contracts
to Taser with little oversight. Investigations by The Associated
Press and The Wall Street Journal
turned up examples of such practices in Fort Worth, Memphis, Los
Angeles and Chicago. The New
Mexico attorney general has
opened a criminal investigation of
former Chief Ray Schultz of the Albuquerque police in connection
with a $2 million contract his department awarded Taser.
We think theres an ongoing
pattern of police chiefs getting lucrative consulting contracts after
they retire, if they give Taser contracts, said Robert McKeeman,
chief executive of Utility, which
makes a rival body camera.
Taser defended its sales tactics,
saying they were commonplace,
and said that many police departments were familiar with the company. It now makes law enforcement officials wait a year after
leaving government service before it will hire them as
consultants. Taser also said that
while it was sometimes awarded
sole-source bids, the departments
doing the purchasing have often
run a competitive process to test
other cameras.
Taser was initially founded to
sell electrical weapons. The Smith
brothers partner, Jack Cover, was
an engineer who worked with
NASA and went on to develop the
original technology used in the
stun guns.
The company struggled for several years. Ill-fated brand extensions like the Auto Taser, a device
that electrified steering wheels to
prevent
car
theft,
nearly
bankrupted the company.
But sales picked up when Taser
introduced a powerful electrical
weapon, the M26, which resembled a handgun. Taser went public
in 2001.
Sales soared in the years after,
with thousands of law enforcement agencies buying Taser stun
guns. Though the guns were designed to be nonlethal, many people shot with Tasers died, miring
the company in controversy.
The company began selling video recorders that worked with
Taser weapons in 2006, and it introduced its first body camera, the
Axon Pro, in 2009.
Mr. Smith predicted that sales
of Axon cameras and Evidence.com would soon dwarf sales of
Tasers weapons, and that the
company would one day be renamed to reflect the growing
prominence of its body camera
business.
We had a very successful business selling Taser weapons, Mr.
Smith said. Now its not just
about weapons, but about providing transparency and solving related data problems.
B6
PERSONAL TECH
TECH FIX
A Test of Streaming Services Offers Reasons Not to Cut the Cord

work providers designed this restriction to limit TV viewing to your home.

sess this, I tried Sonys Vue and Dish
Networks similar streaming service,
Sling TV, which also offers a slimmer
bundle of TV channels than traditional
cable. I decided to compare the two TV
bundles rather than stand-alone apps
like HBO Go, Netflix and Hulu, because
Vue and Sling TV were designed to
replace traditional cable packages.
After testing the two for a week, I
had an answer: Neither streaming
service felt like an adequate substitute
for a cable package, largely because of
content restrictions, broadcast delays
and the difficulty of using a game controller with one of the services.
The Neighbor Test

Watching TV on a big screen is a
group experience, so its important to
be able to hand the remote control to
others to let them channel surf. So I
invited my neighbors over and asked
them to do something simple with Vue
and Sling TV: Find something they
wanted to watch. They accomplished
the tasks fairly quickly on both
services, though they struggled with
the PlayStation game controller.
One neighbor, who works for a utility
company, took about three minutes to
figure out how to use the PlayStation
controller. His wife, a scientist, took
about a minute. A third neighbor, a
museum worker, fumbled with it for
about four minutes before finding an
episode of Scandal. They all found the
universal remote control, which Sony
sells separately, much more intuitive.
By contrast, the test subjects all
immediately knew how to use Sling TV
to pick TV shows or sports events they
wanted to watch, using a Roku TV
remote, largely because its interface
was more streamlined than the Vues.
Comparing the Bundles

What do Sonys Vue and Sling TV
actually offer? Vues starter bundle has
more than 55 channels, including
ESPN, NBC and Disney, for $30 a
month. The higher-tier bundles have 70
channels a month for $35 a month and
100 channels for $45 a month.
Sling TVs base bundle of about 25
channels, which includes ESPN, AMC
and CNN, starts at $20 a month. From
there, you can add mini bundles, like an
extra $5 a month for a group of sports
channels, or an additional $5 a month
for a childrens bundle.
Users should be aware that Vue was
designed primarily for Sonys PlayStation 4, which costs about $350. That
means the default setup is to use a
game controller with the service,
though Sony also offers a universal
PlayStation 4 remote control that works
with Vue for about $30.
Sony also offers Vue apps for
iPhones, iPads and Android devices, as
well as the Roku, Chromecast and
Amazon Fire streaming gadgets.
Sling TV works on more devices,
including iPhones, iPads and Android
devices, plus Apple TV, the Amazon
Fire, Roku, Chromecast and the Microsoft Xbox, among others.
Another difference is that Vue includes DVR, or the ability to record
programs to watch later. You can tag
shows and watch episodes for up to 28
days. Sling TV lacks this ability.
The Bottom Line
The Limitations
For longtime cable subscribers, the
limitations on content on Vue and Sling
TV may be the toughest to digest. The
snags include delays in live broadcasts,
the inability to fast-forward through
some content and missing channels.
With Sling TV, there were long delays
when watching live sports. When
streaming the Wimbledon tournament,
for example, matches were at least 30
seconds behind the live broadcast of the
same match on a cable box. This defeats the purpose of watching live
sports the scores I saw on the screen
were behind the scores shown on cable
TV or those popping up on Twitter.
Sling TV said a number of factors
MINH UONG/THE NEW YORK TIMES
caused broadcast delays, including the

internet connection, type of content and
channel. By contrast, there was no
noticeable delay when watching live
sports on Vue.
Both services also offer some programs for on-demand viewing, or the
ability to watch them whenever you
want yet for many shows on both
services, the services were forbidden to
fast-forward through on-demand content. Sony and Sling said the inability to
skip through some recorded content
was because of agreements with content partners in other words, they
want you to watch the commercials.
The old-school setup of a cable box with
TiVo is still more convenient.
There are other restrictions, like
some major channels missing from both
bundles. Sling TV lacks CBS, CW and

Discovery, among others. PlayStation
Vue also lacks major channels including
CW, BBC America and A&E.
Another limitation on Vue is that
your PlayStation needs to stay put
meaning if you activated Vue in your
house and then took the PlayStation to
your family members house, you could
not log in to Vue. Sony said that net-
Its tough to recommend either Vue

or Sling TV as replacements for a majority of cable subscribers. Technologically, both Vue and Sling TV have
better-designed software than a traditional cable box from Comcast, Time
Warner or Charter. But because there
are some missing major channels and
annoying restrictions on how content
can be watched, most consumers are
better off sticking with cable.
Sports fans may enjoy getting access
to ESPN and other sports channels on
either Vue or Sling TV for less than the
cost of a traditional cable subscription.
But the broadcast delay on Sling TV is a
deal breaker. And if you dont regularly
play video games, buying a PlayStation
4 just for watching sports is costly and
impractical. (The Vue apps made for
cheaper streaming devices arent as
powerful as the PlayStation app.)
Roger Lynch, chief executive of Sling
TV, said the service offered the flexibility to subscribe to bundles based on
their preferences. Everyone has their
own reasons for becoming a Sling subscriber, he said in an interview.
Eric Lempel, a marketing executive
for Sony, said, We wanted to give you
all the channels that you want, without
the need to pay for hundreds of unnecessary channels.
For a small set of cable subscribers,
both Vue and Sling TV will have all the
channels they want, but they will also
include unwanted channels, too.
In a perfect world, consumers could
pick each channel they want and pay
for it, la carte. But the content
providers still hold the cards, and there
is no easy way to do that quite yet.
APP SMART
Wanderlust by Design: Organizing Your Summer Travel
By KIT EATON
UMMER gives many people the

opportunity to step out of their
comfort zones and into new
adventures. With plenty of apps
designed to help plan vacations, smartphones can now act as a sort of personal tour guide.
While on vacation, discovering places
on foot can feel far more intimate than
by car or public transportation. The
SIDEKIX app adds a high-tech twist to
walking tours. The app suggests places,
venues and events to experience in a
particular city based on your interests,
and then helps you locate your destination.
You can choose to see lists of restaurants, nightlife venues, shops and other
categories, and the app points out interesting ones around you. Tapping on an
entry reveals more detailed information, including store hours and reviews.
You can search for specific venues or
even particular areas of a city, but the
best way to use the app may be to let it
automatically suggest a route for you
its a great way to discover a new place.
Sidekixs interface is modern and
easy to use, and its packed with photos
and short text entries, so its not too
demanding of your attention. The app is
free on iOS, and an Android version is
due this year.
Like Sidekix, the CLARICE app helps
you discover places to visit during a
vacation, but its also designed to act
like a virtual travel agent. You tell the
app where you want to go, then you
choose between budget, midlevel and
upscale prices. The app will then put
together a list of things to do near your
chosen location.
With Clarice, you can also see lists of
nearby hotels, bars, cafes and historic
sites, and tap on each to see more information. You can even call an Uber car
Clarice, left, is designed to act like a virtual travel agent.

Google Translate, center, can translate live images into English. UVLens, right, can forecast ultraviolet levels.
Help in finding points of

interest, places to eat and
much more.
from within the app to transport you to
and from some places. Alternatively,
you can browse through Clarices Collections, which are curated lists of
things to see and do as you follow a
path through a city.
The most distinctive part of the app,
though, is its Live Chat feature. This
has a messaging interface through
which you can ask about your planned
trip, or the destinations you are interested in. The chat tool connects you to a
real person.
Some of the menus and controls in
Clarice can be a little confusing because

of its many different settings to scroll
and tap through. And the app is useful
in only a short (but growing) list of
cities around the world. Its free on iOS
and Android.
If youre vacationing overseas, one
practical app is GOOGLE TRANSLATE (free
on iOS and Android). This app can help
you overcome some foreign language
obstacles. Its simplest feature is the
text-translation system that you may
have used on a desktop PC already
you type in text in a foreign language
and Google will give you the English
translation, or you type in English what
you want to say in another language
and Google will show you the foreign
text to use.
Google Translate also has a spokenword feature, where it will listen to
someone speaking in, say, French, and
show the translated text in English on

the screen. This can be unreliable,
depending on the noisiness of the environment.
The most impressive feature of
Google Translate is its camera-based
translation. To use this, place text
printed in a foreign language in front of
your phones camera, and on the
screen, youll see a live image with the
words automatically replaced in English. This tool is particularly helpful for
reading restaurant menus.
Summer is also the time to pay extra
attention to the dangers of sun exposure, whether youre touring a city or
bumming around on a beach. The
UVLENS app, free on iOS, Android and
Windows 10, starts by asking questions
to help you determine your skin type.
Along with a forecast of the ultraviolet
levels at your location, the app reports
how long it will probably take you to

get a sunburn and suggests whether
you should use a hat, sun protection
and sunglasses. The app has clear
instructions and easily understandable
graphics, so its also a good tool to help
educate children about the risks of UV
light.
Finally, to release pre-travel stress,
use the app TRIPLIST (free on iOS) to
help you organize which items you
want to pack.
Quick Call
SUPER STICKMAN GOLF 3 is the latest
incarnation of a popular game from
Noodlecake Studios. Its a 2-D golf
game with stick characters and simple
cartoon graphics, but its dynamic,
surprisingly addictive and fun. Its free
on iOS and Android.
B7
PERSONAL TECH
Cable News Has Much to Fear From Apps That Put Power in Your Palm
From Page A1
not a bad thing. Though it will shake up
the economics of TV, live streaming is
opening up a much more compelling
way to watch the news.
Consider the video posted by Diamond Reynolds, who began streaming
on Facebook Live right from the car in
which her boyfriend, Philando Castile,
had just been shot by a police officer. Or
the horrific scene as the gunman in
Dallas began his rampage, captured
and instantly broadcast on Facebook by
a photographer named Michael Kevin
Bautista. Or the clip by DeRay Mckesson, one of the leaders of the Black
Lives Matter movement, who captured
his own arrest in Baton Rouge, La., this
weekend on Periscope, Twitters live
app.
These scenes suggest that streaming
apps dont just have the potential to
bring us stories more quickly than TV
can. They also greatly expand on the
kind of stories you normally see.
Streaming news stretches our collective point of view, showing us perspectives from people who might otherwise have been ignored by the news,
and from places where television cameras would never have happened to be.
I think we saw last week that Facebook Live could become the most intelligent cable news network ever built,
said Jonathan Klein, a former president
of CNN, who now runs a digital media
company called Tapp. With more than
1.65 billion users, he said, Facebook
effectively has one and a half billion
news bureaus to capture news, and
theyre capable of doing things that a
cable news network could only dream
of doing.
Yes, Mr. Klein is speculating about
Facebooks potential path. At this point,
neither Facebook nor Twitter is anything close to a TV news network. Facebook Live was started just a few
months ago in partnership with several
news organizations (including The New
York Times, which receives payments
from Facebook for producing Live
videos). Until last week, it was best
known for gonzo journalism involving
weird tricks with food. Twitters live
service, Periscope, is older, but it too is
Email: farhad.manjoo@nytimes.com;
Twitter: @fmanjoo
The CNN anchor Don Lemon preparing to go on television after the mass shooting last month at the Pulse nightclub
in Orlando, Fla. Cables grip on breaking news is under threat by apps like Facebook Live and Periscope, from Twitter.
better thought of as a series of one-off
clips than a comprehensive source of
news.
But you can bet both services will
expand their horizons. Twitter announced this week that it was streaming the Democratic and Republican
conventions in partnership with CBS
News. It also announced a plan to
stream Bloombergs TV shows, and it
has a deal to show National Football
League games later this year.
Its not clear yet what shape Facebooks plans for Live will take, especially since the company has been
reluctant to think of itself as a news
company. Yet it wouldnt take many
deals and product changes to turn
Facebook into a worthy substitute for
one of the cable news networks.
Soon you might log on to Facebook
The video posted of the

Philando Castile shooting
may be live streamings
breakout moment.
and see, right at the top of your feed, a
collection of videos produced by professionals and amateurs and tailored to
your interests breaking news and
analysis related to topics you like, all of
which load instantly in your feed, adfree, and without any of the constant,
interminable waiting for stuff to happen
that characterizes traditional cable
news.
As a business matter, this might be a
danger for TV. As Matt Rosoff ex-
plained last week in Business Insider,

live coverage was supposed to be the
industrys steadiest bulwark against
the internet. Thanks to online networks
like Netflix, people are dropping cable
subscriptions as if they were toxic; one
of the few remaining reasons to keep
paying a monthly fee is to watch live
news and sports, which are both difficult to get online.
Now that rampart is disappearing. If
you turned on one of the cable news
networks last week, you would have
most likely seen videos lifted straight
from streaming apps playing in endless
televised loops. If you watched for more
than a few minutes, you would have
been forgiven for wondering, Wait, if
all this video is coming from Facebook,
why am I watching TV?
Then theres TV newss demographic
cliff. People who regularly watch cable

news are old. According to statistics
compiled at the end of last year, CNNs
prime-time audience was the youngest
in cable news with a median age of
59. The median age of Fox Newss
prime-time audience is 68. (TV news
isnt alone here. The median age of a
subscriber to The New York Timess
digital edition is 54; for print subscribers, its 60. But of course, we all
know that with age comes sophistication.)
In the past, an aged audience might
not have raised red flags, because it
was generally the case that younger
people grew into their parents news
habits. But as online alternatives improve, the less likely that is to happen.
The next generation just doesnt
ever intend to watch the 6 oclock or 11
oclock or any other newscast, said
Andrew Heyward, a former president
of CBS News who is now a visiting
researcher at the MIT Media Lab.
Its possible to make too much of the
threat that live streaming poses to TV
news. Citizen journalism has gotten a
lot of attention from techno-optimists in
the last decade, but blogging, tweeting,
podcasting and everything else havent
replaced traditional journalism so much
as they have expanded its tone and
range. Thats likely to happen on TV
too; streaming apps wont kill CNN,
MSNBC and Fox News, but as the apps
become more popular, they will force
TV news providers to shift their approach to coverage.
The more chaotic and unstructured
the world of online live video becomes,
the more important the curator, analyst
or honest broker of information can be,
Mr. Heyward said.
In the best situation, TV news could
become just such an honest broker:
Instead of showing you only the news
of the day and the most superficial
hot-take debates surrounding it, TV
networks could respond to the internet
by pumping more resources into indepth reporting, analysis and explanation, cultivating a wider range of perspectives.
As Mr. Klein put it, Maybe all these
years, the importance of scintillating
video has been overblown, and the
mission for news outlets could be to
help viewers understand what all that
video really means.
TECH TIP
Circumventing Edge
And Bing
Q. When I do voice searches with Cor-
tana in Windows 10, it always uses the

Edge browser and the Bing search engine. Can I change to Google Chrome and
search?
A. While workarounds like the Google
Chrome Chrometana extension for redirecting Cortana-prompted Bing
searches were once an easy option for
using alternate software, Microsoft
recently made changes to its software
that broke Chrometana and restricted
Personal Tech invites questions about
computer-based technology to
techtip@nytimes.com. This column will
answer questions of general interest, but
letters cannot be answered individually.
Cortana to using only Edge and Bing.

(Programmers with a dislike of Bing
and Edge immediately began to look for
new solutions and you may find tools
online to help get around Microsofts
block, but download workaround programs and fiddle with your settings at
your own risk.)
Cortana may have her loyalties, but
you can still set Google Chrome as your
default program for web browsing in
Windows 10 if you do not like Microsoft
Edge and Bing search. To set Chrome as
your default browser, go to the Start
Menu, open Settings and select System.
In the System box, choose Default Apps,
scroll down to the Web Browser area,
tap the Edge icon and choose Chrome
from the menu.
If you have not done so already, you
can set Google as your default search
engine in the Chrome settings. Although
the hands-free O.K., Google command
does not work on the desktop version of

Chrome anymore, you can click or tap
the microphone in the search box on the
companys home page and then speak
your request. For some searches, like a
check of the weather forecast, Google
provides the answer audibly.
An iPhone Hot Spot

And Data Use
Q. Am I using more data by using my
iPhone as a hot spot for my computer
when surfing the web than by just surfing from my phone?
A. The iOS personal hot spot feature
allows your computer to link to your
iPhone so you can use the phones cellular connection to get on the internet, but
the computer is most likely burning
through more of your mobile data plan
than if you were just browsing the web

directly on the phone. For starters,
using the full desktop versions of most
websites generally requires more data
consumption to load all the graphics,
photos, ads, video and other multimedia
elements, compared to using the more
streamlined mobile versions.
Depending on your settings, your
computer may also be quietly downloading other files in the background, like
system and program updates, shared
purchases from the iTunes Store and
security patches. Online backup
services may be kicking in to copy files
over the internet connection, too.
If you need to regularly use your
iPhone as a personal hotspot for your
computer, you may want to make a few
software adjustments to cut down on
data usage. Some browsers have data
saver modes that compress or block
large images from webpages; Opera and
How to Shield Data From Apps Like Pokmon Go

By LAURA HUDSON
Pokmon Go has attracted

hordes of players within days of
its release. The mobile game has
also attracted concerns about
just how vulnerable our personal
data can be in the hands of seemingly benign applications.
In the last few days, security
bloggers noticed that the game,
which is free to download and
made by Niantic Inc. in partnership with the Pokmon Company
and Nintendo, requested permission not only to use a players
smartphone camera and location
data but also to gain full access
to the users Google accounts
including email, calendars, photos, stored documents and any
other data associated with the
login.
Critics quickly called the game
a huge security risk that was
invading peoples privacy, and
Senator Al Franken, Democrat of
Minnesota, on Tuesday expressed concerns about the
issue. Niantic has said the expansive permission requests were
erroneous and that Pokmon
Go did not use anything from
players accounts other than
basic Google profile information.
Niantic also said it was working
on a fix to change the permissions to a level that would be in
line with the data that we ac-
MARK KAUZLARICH/REUTERS
A Pokmon Go player. Critics called the game a security risk,

but its maker said it tapped only basic Google profile data.
tually access.
The flap highlights how clicking yes to whatever requests
pop up when installing an app on
a mobile device can compromise
privacy, sometimes in insidious
ways. In disclosures, some apps
say they will hand over data to
law enforcement officials or
other private parties to respond
to legal requests, for example, or
even on their own volition.
A number of these games are
not only making money on the
front end by selling you the game
or things within the game,
theyre also collecting data about
your habits and what youre
doing on your phone, and selling
that to third-party marketers,
said Andrew Storms, vice president for security services at the
security company New Context.
Youre pretty much giving the
rights to all your information to
this company.
So what can be done to minimize the security risks that

come with some apps? Heres a
refresher on how to safeguard
private information.
READ THE FINE PRINT Ari Rubin-
stein, a Silicon Valley security

engineer, recommends paying
close attention to the scope of
access that apps request during
installation or to look up the
details online and say no if
the demands make you uncomfortable.
If you are unsure about the
permissions you have already
granted, check them on iOS by
clicking on Settings and scrolling
down for a list of apps that you
can examine and change individually. On Android, click Settings
and click Apps under Device
Settings, then choose an app and
select Permissions.
Permissions are not the only
things to worry about; you also
need to know what kinds of data

an app is collecting from your
phone. Information about those
is typically contained in an apps
privacy policies, which are often
available within the settings of
an app, or searchable online. If
you cannot find the disclosures,
or you are unable to understand
their legalese, consider holding
off until you learn more.
As for Pokmon Go, while the
game may not be digging
through emails, it is capable of
tracking your location. And like
those of many apps, its privacy
policy allows it to give any data it
has about you to law enforcement officials or private parties
in response to legal requests or
even to whatever it may deem an
unethical or legally actionable
activity. It can also share nonidentifying information about
you with other companies for
what it says are research and
analysis, demographic profiling,
and other similar purposes.
AUDIT THIRD-PARTY APPS Be-
cause apps often use platforms

like Facebook and Google to
authenticate accounts, Mr. Rubinstein suggests regularly
checking the access you have
granted through the settings of
these systems.
With Facebook, go to your
account settings and click on
Apps to examine and revoke
access. With Google, go to Privacy and Security Settings and
click on Connected Apps and
Sites to see or change the apps
connected to your account.
Most likely users have apps
that they never use that put
them at a similar risk to that
from the Pokmon app, he said.
Google Chrome are two browsers that

can compress images. You should also
temporarily turn off any cloud-sharing
services that might be syncing files and
photos over the internet connection, and
keep an eye on app and system updates.
Recent versions of Windows have a
metered connection setting that you
can enable on the computer to limit the
amount of data the computer is automatically transferring. To activate the
setting in Windows 10, go to the Start
Menu, to Settings and then to Network
& Internet. Next, select Wi-Fi, then
Advanced Options and choose Set as
metered connection.
Apples OS X does not have a metered connection setting built in, but
you can monitor and manage network
connections and downloads with thirdparty tools like the $8 TripMode or the
$35 Little Snitch utilities.
J. D. BIERSDORFER
Unity Technologies Surges

As Mobile Games Take Off
By NICK WINGFIELD
Most game players have never

heard of Unity Technologies, but
its software was used in the creation of a large number of the
worlds top mobile games, including the current hit, Pokmon Go.
Now Unity has a much bigger
war chest to strengthen its position as new categories of games,
like augmented reality and virtual
reality, start to take off.
On Wednesday, Unity announced that it had raised $181 million from investors led by DFJ
Growth. Others in the round include the China Investment Corporation, FreeS Fund, Thrive Capital, WestSummit Capital and the
technology entrepreneur Max
Levchin.
Investors valued the company,
which is based in San Francisco,
at about $1.5 billion after the latest
fund-raising round, according to
two people briefed on the matter
who asked for anonymity because
the valuation was confidential.
Unity makes what is known as a
game engine, the code beneath
the graphics and sound of a game
that handles its basic operations.
Game engines are essential for
developers, greatly accelerating
the completion of a game.
Unitys game engine is especially common among mobile
games, which are growing far
more quickly than traditional console games. Unity estimates that
its engine is used in more than 31
percent of the 1,000 top grossing
mobile games.
The company also estimates
that its software is used in about

90 percent of the content created
for Gear VR, a virtual reality platform designed by Samsung and
the Facebook-owned Oculus that
uses mobile phones as a screen.
An even more promising area of
growth for Unity in the near term
could be augmented reality, which
burst into the mainstream in the
last week with the release of
Pokmon Go.
While Unity declined to comment on its valuation, the companys chief executive, John Riccitiello, said in a phone interview
that the company, which was
founded over a decade ago, did not
have an immediate need for the
money. On other hand, if we ever
need that much money, its generally dumb to wait until you need
it, said Mr. Riccitiello, who was
previously the chief executive of
Electronic Arts, a game publisher.
Unity also faces competition
from other game engine makers
with deep pockets. A few years
ago, Tencent Holdings, one of Chinas biggest internet companies,
took a sizable stake in Epic
Games, the maker of the Unreal
Engine. Amazon has also released
a game engine called Lumberyard
with code licensed from Crytek,
using it as a way to encourage
developers to connect their games
to Amazons cloud computing and
Twitch streaming services.
Unity previously raised $25.5
million from investors, including
Sequoia Capital and WestSummit
Capital. Barry Schuler of DFJ will
become a Unity board member after the latest fund-raising round.
B8
MARKET GAUGES
S.& P.
U
500
DOW
U
INDUSTRIALS
2,152.43
+0.29
NASDAQ
D
COMPOSITE
18,372.12
+24.45
Standard & Poors 500-Stock Index
5,005.73
17.09
Nasdaq Composite Index
3-MONTH TREND
CRUDE
OIL D
1.47%
0.04
10-YEAR
TREASURY YIELD D
THE
U
EURO
$1,342.40
+$8.30
Dow Jones Industrial Average
3-MONTH TREND
$1.1092
+$0.0032
3-MONTH TREND
19,000
5,200
2,200
GOLD
U
(N.Y.)
$44.75
$2.05
+ 5%
+ 5%
+ 5%
5,000
2,100
0%
18,000
0%
4,800
0%
2,000
17,000
4,600
5%
5%
5%
1,900
4,400
10%
May
16,000
10%
June
May
10%
June
May
June
When the index follows a white line, it is changing at a constant pace; when it moves into a lighter band, the rate of change is faster.
STOCK MARKET INDEXES

Index
Close
MOST ACTIVE, GAINERS AND LOSERS

%
Chg
Chg
52-Wk
% Chg
YTD
% Chg
Index
DOW JONES
Close
%
Chg
Chg
52-Wk
% Chg
YTD
% Chg
Stock (TICKER)
18372.12
7930.71
711.81
6478.21
+ 24.45 + 0.13 +
+ 51.65 + 0.66
+ 5.76 + 0.82 +
+ 25.64 + 0.40 +
2.19
4.33
24.69
3.77
+
+
+
+
5.44
5.62
23.19
8.36
2.78
2.52
1.59
1.97
+
+
+
+
4.34
5.31
10.16
10.05
1.92
0.74
5.88
10.94
3.15
+
+
+
5.82
8.68
16.00
4.33
4.90
Nasdaq 100
Composite
Industrials
Banks
Insurance
Other Finance
Telecommunications
Computer
STANDARD AND POORS
100 Stocks
500 Stocks
Mid-Cap 400
Small-Cap 600
951.02
2152.43
1540.69
739.28
+
+
0.03
0.00 +
0.29 + 0.01 +
3.03 0.20 +
0.95 0.13 +
NYSE Comp.
Tech/Media/Telecom
Energy
Financial
Healthcare
10734.20
7790.14
10839.16
6032.72
12992.33
+ 7.42 + 0.07
+ 7.96 + 0.10
85.99 0.79
+ 4.60 + 0.08
+ 24.00 + 0.19
4565.77
5005.73
4334.29
2820.49
7647.76
5826.97
272.03
2606.90
11.84 0.26 +
17.09 0.34
14.05 0.32 +
1.60 0.06
+ 2.30 + 0.03 +
+ 1.21 + 0.02
+ 0.48 + 0.18 +
5.47 0.21 +
1.59
1.30
4.03
3.16
7.18
2.48
2.16
3.93
2414.64
22295.07
4842.03
1201.16
108.46
718.90
66.12
169.37
7.77 0.32 +
14.22 0.06 +
9.44 0.19 +
4.73 0.39
+ 3.25 + 3.09 +
+ 0.54 + 0.08 +
0.10 0.15
4.17 2.40
1.83
0.45
1.45
5.07
82.35
8.27
14.85
11.23
+
+
+
+
0.60
0.03
5.68
1.14
5.87
4.38
8.39
0.03
Volume
(100)
Stock (TICKER)
+ 12.35
+ 5.33
+ 11.09
+ 5.75
+139.43
+ 8.35
9.52
+ 7.38
Close
%
Chg
Chg
Volume
(100)
Stock (TICKER)
20 TOP GAINERS
13.44
21.62
12.96
8.61
32.36
35.01
21.08
13.48
96.87
53.51
10.71
13.29
20.21
15.29
6.85
28.21
43.33
63.16
5.87
8.86
Bank of Ameri (BAC)

Valeant (VRX)
Freeport Mcmo (FCX)
Whiting Petro (WLL)
GE (GE)
Intel (INTC)
Barrick Gold (ABX)
Ford Motor (F)
Apple (AAPL)
Microsoft (MSFT)
Alcoa (AA)
Micron Tech (MU)
Kinder Morgan (KMI)
Marathn Oil (MRO)
Rite Aid (RAD)
CSX (CSX)
Citigroup (C)
JPMorgan (JPM)
Weatherford (WFT)
Regions Fincl (RF)
OTHER INDEXES
American Exch
Wilshire 5000
Value Line Arith
Russell 2000
Phila Gold & Silver
Phila Semiconductor
KBW Bank
Phila Oil Service
NEW YORK
STOCK EXCHANGE
%
Chg
Chg
20 MOST ACTIVE
NASDAQ
Industrials
Transportation
Utilities
Composite
Close
0.10
1.60
+0.06
0.19
+0.10
+0.07
+0.46
+0.03
0.55
+0.30
+0.02
+0.06
+0.40
0.31
0.02
+1.19
0.11
0.04
0.04
+0.03
0.7
6.9
+0.5
2.2
+0.3
+0.2
+2.2
+0.2
0.6
+0.6
+0.2
+0.5
+2.0
2.0
0.3
+4.4
0.3
0.1
0.7
+0.3
742150
664035
444154
362025
324371
290525
268066
267537
256604
252280
241568
230553
226253
226162
223502
219193
204587
183972
182256
182195
Close
%
Chg
Chg
Volume
(100)
20 TOP LOSERS
19.01
21.38
22.35
5.99
7.62
7.85
42.25
5.86
15.94
16.91
30.42
5.50
16.75
5.44
6.24
5.57
7.04
5.05
10.67
26.57
Imprivata (IMPR)
Ocean Shore (OSHC)
Evolent Healt (EVH)
Digital Ally (DGLY)
Resolute (REN)
Vuzix (VUZI)
Twilio (TWLO)
ZAGG (ZAGG)
AngioDynamic (ANGO)
First Majestic (AG)
Juno (JUNO)
AMREP (AXR)
Park Electroc (PKE)
Aspen Aeroge (ASPN)
Hecla Mining (HL)
Cipher Pharm (CPHR)
Angies List (ANGI)
CPI Card Gro (PMTS)
Escalade (ESCA)
Loxo Oncolog (LOXO)
+4.51
+4.43
+3.67
+0.76
+0.95
+0.76
+3.95
+0.54
+1.44
+1.50
+2.63
+0.42
+1.26
+0.40
+0.42
+0.35
+0.42
+0.30
+0.61
+1.50
+31.1
+26.1
+19.6
+14.5
+14.2
+10.7
+10.3
+10.2
+9.9
+9.7
+9.5
+8.3
+8.1
+7.9
+7.2
+6.8
+6.3
+6.3
+6.1
+6.0
6.89
6.80
11.27
7.61
7.08
22.73
6.39
8.42
43.46
8.92
7.35
6.73
13.67
42.43
9.79
7.34
5.88
73.85
17.07
11.19
Avinger (AVGR)
SemiLEDS (LEDS)
Aqua Metals (AQMS)
Dawson US (DWSN)
Helix Energy (HLX)
AAR (AIR)
NantKwest (NK)
Neos (NEOS)
Prothena Cor (PRTA)
Helios and M (HMNY)
Immune Desig (IMDZ)
Dimension (DMTX)
CARBO Ceramic (CRR)
SAGE (SAGE)
Archrock (AROC)
ConforMIS (CFMS)
Aldeyra (ALDX)
Stamps.com (STMP)
BofI Holding (BOFI)
Omeros (OMER)
84555
9469
15560
23480
86525
17400
85180
24680
9029
78580
150163
191
784
1779
102638
239
6814
2179
222
3399
4.54
1.32
1.46
0.91
0.84
2.31
0.63
0.83
4.19
0.85
0.70
0.62
1.24
3.78
0.87
0.65
0.52
6.29
1.41
0.91
39.7
16.3
11.5
10.7
10.6
9.2
9.0
9.0
8.8
8.7
8.7
8.4
8.3
8.2
8.2
8.1
8.1
7.8
7.6
7.5
26149
25860
4281
2686
28555
15103
2435
1302
4705
492
1312
591
6241
30464
8994
5509
252
18769
33658
5005
S&P 100 STOCKS

Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range

1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
Low Close () High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range

1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range

1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
3M (MMM)
Abbott (ABT)
AbbVie (ABBV)
Accenture (ACN)
AIG (AIG)
Allergan (AGN)
Allstate (ALL)
Alphabet (GOOGL)
Alphabet (GOOG)
Altria Gro (MO)
Amazon.com (AMZN)
American E (AXP)
Amgen (AMGN)
Anadarko P (APC)
Apple (AAPL)
AT&T (T)
Bank of Am (BAC)
Berkshire (BRKb)
Biogen (BIIB)
BlackRock (BLK)
Boeing (BA)
BONY Mello (BK)
Bristol-My (BMY)
Capital On (COF)
Caterpilla (CAT)
Celgene (CELG)
134.00
36.00
45.45
88.43
48.41
195.50
54.12
574.17
546.71
47.41
451.00
50.27
130.09
28.16
89.47
30.97
10.99
123.55
223.02
275.00
102.10
32.20
51.82
58.03
56.36
92.98
179.21
41.97
64.77
116.83
53.81
241.17
69.28
729.48
716.98
69.08
742.63
63.10
160.52
56.10
96.87
42.59
13.44
145.93
251.19
357.50
130.11
39.41
76.58
67.94
79.69
101.76
Chevron (CVX)
Cisco Syst (CSCO)
Citigroup (C)
Coca- Cola (KO)
Colgate (CL)
Comcast (CMCSA)
ConocoPhil (COP)
Costco Who (COST)
CVS Health (CVS)
Devon Ener (DVN)
Dow (DOW)
Du Pont (DD)
Eli Lilly (LLY)
EMC US (EMC)
Emerson El (EMR)
Exelon (EXC)
Exxon Mobi (XOM)
Facebook (FB)
FedEx (FDX)
Ford Motor (F)
GE (GE)
General Dy (GD)
Gilead Sci (GILD)
GM (GM)
Goldman Sa (GS)
Halliburto (HAL)
69.58
22.46
34.52
36.56
50.84
50.01
31.05
117.03
81.37
18.07
35.11
47.11
67.88
22.66
41.25
25.09
66.55
72.00
119.71
10.44
19.37
121.61
77.92
24.62
138.20
27.64
106.65
29.75
43.33
45.74
74.47
66.83
42.87
166.78
97.63
39.00
51.18
66.09
79.36
27.53
55.23
36.75
94.88
116.78
160.42
13.48
32.36
141.73
85.75
30.63
157.92
45.21
Home Depot (HD)

Honeywell (HON)
IBM (IBM)
Intel (INTC)
Johnson&Jo (JNJ)
JPMorgan (JPM)
Kinder Mor (KMI)
Lockheed (LMT)
Lowes (LOW)
MasterCard (MA)
McDonalds (MCD)
Medtronic (MDT)
Merck & Co (MRK)
MetLife (MET)
Microsoft (MSFT)
Mondelez I (MDLZ)
Monsanto (MON)
Morgan Sta (MS)
Nike (NKE)
Norfolk So (NSC)
Occidental (OXY)
Oracle (ORCL)
PayPal Hld (PYPL)
PepsiCo (PEP)
Pfizer (PFE)
PMI (PM)
92.17
87.00
116.90
24.87
81.79
50.07
11.20
181.91
62.62
74.61
87.50
55.54
45.69
35.00
39.72
35.88
81.22
21.16
47.25
64.51
58.24
33.13
30.00
76.48
28.25
76.54
179.67
51.74
71.60
120.78
64.93
340.34
70.38
810.35
789.87
70.15
757.34
81.66
181.81
78.59
132.97
43.89
18.48
148.03
412.24
369.33
150.59
45.45
76.89
92.10
84.89
140.72
+
+
+
0.05
0.50
0.73
0.33
0.05
1.47
0.32
3.03
3.66
0.21
5.58
0.10
1.44
1.32
0.55
0.18
0.10
1.26
2.17
0.13
0.70
0.04
0.38
0.09
0.11
1.65
+
+
+
+
14.31
16.39
7.21
15.97
15.35
24.90
2.50
24.87
N.A.
34.53
59.51
20.10
0.75
26.54
22.88
21.27
21.54
3.41
37.23
4.31
11.94
7.34
9.31
23.68
5.65
17.17
+
+
+
+
19.0
6.6
9.3
11.8
13.2
22.8
11.6
6.2
N.A.
18.7
9.9
9.3
1.1
15.5
8.0
23.8
20.1
10.5
18.0
5.0
10.0
4.4
11.3
5.9
17.3
15.0
107.30
29.83
60.95
47.13
74.58
67.95
59.74
169.73
113.65
56.47
57.10
75.72
92.85
28.77
56.82
36.77
94.95
121.08
173.00
15.84
32.50
153.76
120.37
36.88
214.61
46.69
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
0.13
0.14
0.11
0.16
0.52
0.32
0.93
0.50
1.17
1.01
0.23
0.15
0.31
0.08
0.20
0.32
0.07
1.15
0.47
0.03
0.10
0.19
0.88
0.03
1.00
0.82
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
11.62
6.14
22.50
11.10
10.70
5.68
27.99
15.88
11.10
30.53
3.51
11.21
10.59
9.59
1.90
12.15
14.16
30.22
6.32
8.98
21.38
3.57
26.93
3.59
25.57
6.23
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
18.6
9.6
16.3
6.5
11.8
18.4
8.2
3.3
0.1
21.9
0.6
0.8
5.8
7.2
15.5
32.3
21.7
11.6
7.7
4.3
3.9
3.2
15.3
9.9
12.4
32.8
133.56
119.05
158.02
35.01
123.00
63.16
20.21
255.90
81.65
90.34
122.82
88.75
59.55
40.48
53.51
45.60
101.13
27.16
57.99
90.77
76.83
41.46
39.28
109.91
36.31
103.24
137.82
119.80
173.78
35.59
123.45
70.61
38.39
256.44
83.65
101.76
131.96
89.25
60.07
58.13
56.85
48.58
114.26
41.04
68.19
98.75
78.31
42.00
42.55
110.06
36.46
103.82
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
1.28
0.03
0.98
0.07
0.08
0.04
0.40
1.20
1.29
0.34
0.57
0.17
0.05
0.28
0.30
0.13
1.20
0.21
0.07
2.35
0.54
0.04
0.49
1.12
0.07
0.34
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
15.78
14.38
6.28
18.08
23.27
8.52
46.84
28.56
19.39
5.17
24.34
16.95
2.34
28.58
17.30
8.88
6.19
31.60
3.24
4.67
3.48
1.67
6.36
13.16
3.51
24.87
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
1.0
15.0
14.8
1.6
19.7
4.4
35.5
17.8
7.4
7.2
4.0
15.4
12.7
16.0
3.6
1.7
2.7
14.6
7.2
7.3
13.7
13.5
8.5
10.0
12.5
17.4
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range

1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
Priceline (PCLN)
Procter Ga (PG)
Qualcomm (QCOM)
Raytheon (RTN)
Schlumberg (SLB)
Simon Prop (SPG)
Southern C (SO)
Starbucks (SBUX)
Synchrony (SYF)
Target (TGT)
Texas Inst (TXN)
Time Warne (TWX)
Twenty-Fir (FOX)
Twenty-Fir (FOXA)
Union Paci (UNP)
United Par (UPS)
UnitedHeal (UNH)
US Bancorp (USB)
UTC (UTX)
Verizon (VZ)
Visa (V)
WalMart (WMT)
Walgreens (WBA)
Walt Disne (DIS)
Wells Farg (WFC)
954
65.02
42.24
96.68
59.60
173.09
41.81
42.05
23.25
65.50
43.49
55.53
22.65
22.66
67.06
87.30
95.00
37.07
83.39
38.06
60.00
56.30
71.50
86.25
44.50
1477
86.15
66.05
139.93
86.61
224.25
54.49
64.00
36.40
85.31
64.80
91.34
33.66
34.70
99.71
110.90
142.96
46.26
112.36
56.95
81.73
74.35
97.30
122.08
58.77
1339
85.89
54.83
138.88
78.88
224.24
53.13
56.48
28.12
73.17
64.54
78.05
28.41
27.92
94.14
110.79
141.48
40.63
105.09
56.00
77.46
73.62
81.77
99.88
48.27
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
6.78
0.14
0.21
0.55
0.77
2.78
0.29
1.00
0.20
0.35
0.16
0.21
0.33
0.09
2.08
0.50
1.62
0.04
0.59
0.53
0.02
0.35
0.55
0.32
0.08
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
14.27
4.69
14.25
38.12
7.52
24.58
22.96
1.31
16.73
13.00
29.70
13.27
14.22
17.05
2.74
13.20
13.18
7.41
5.76
18.12
10.50
0.23
13.31
15.25
15.69
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
5.0
8.2
9.7
11.5
13.1
15.3
13.6
5.9
7.5
0.8
17.8
20.7
4.3
2.8
20.4
15.1
20.3
4.8
9.4
21.2
0.1
20.1
4.0
5.0
11.2
indicates stocks
Prices shown are for regular trading for the New York Stock Exchange and the American Stock Exchange which runs from 9:30 a.m., Eastern time, through the close of the Pacific Exchange, at 4:30 p.m. For the Nasdaq stock market, it is through 4 p.m. Close Last trade of the day in regular trading. +
or
that reached a new 52-week high or low. Change Difference between last trade and previous days price in regular trading. or indicates stocks that rose or fell at least 4 percent. indicates stocks that traded 1 percent or more of their outstanding shares. n Stock was a new issue in the last year.
GOVERNMENT BONDS
FINRA TRACE CORPORATE BOND DATA

Yields
52-Week Total Returns
FINRA-BLOOMBERG
CORPORATE BOND INDEXES
FINRA-BLOOMBERG
CORPORATE BOND INDEXES
10%
+10%
high yield +6.46%
invest. gr. +7.61%
10
2
0
2015
invest. grade +3.23%

2016
20
high yield +4.23%

2016
2015
Yest.
All
Investment High
Issues
Grade
Yield
8
6
Yield Curve
Market Breadth
Total Issues Traded

Advances
Declines
Unchanged
52 Week High
52 Week Low
Dollar Volume*
7,296
3,761
3,093
147
859
76
27,578
4,959
2,760
2,016
36
586
44
17,012
Conv
2,130
902
983
103
252
31
9,624
207
99
94
8
21
1
941
End of day data. Activity as reported to FINRA TRACE.

Market breadth represents activity in all TRACE eligible
publicly traded securities. Shown below are the most
active fixed-coupon bonds ranked by par value traded.
Investment grade or high-yield is determined using
credit ratings as outlined in FINRA rules. C Yield is
unavailable because of issues call criteria.
*Par value in millions.
Source: FINRA TRACE data. Reference information from
Reuters DataScope Data. Credit ratings from Moodys,
Standard & Poors and Fitch.
Most Recent Issues
Key Rates
1-mo. ago
1-yr. ago
4%
10-year Treas.
2-year Treas.
4%
Prime Rate
Fed Funds
Mat.
1
Maturity
0
3
5 10
Months
Date
BONDS & NOTES

2-yr. Jun 18
5-yr. Jun 21
10-yr. May 26
30-yr. May 46
2015
2016
Years
Issuer Name (SYMBOL)
Credit Rating
Moodys S&P
Coupon%
Maturity
3.150
5.375
4.900
2.550
4.200
4.375
1.750
2.000
1.400
2.950
Mar26
Jun26
Feb46
Dec20
Apr26
May45
May19
Dec18
May18
May21
A3
Baa3
A3
A2
Baa3
Aa2
Aa2
Aa3
A1
A1
2.350
3.400
1.625
3.200
8.375
3.000
9.500
6.875
8.750
6.500
Jan27
Jul46
Jan22
Jul36
May21
Jan19
May17
Mar22
May26
Mar20
NR
NR
NR
NR
B3
B3
Caa2
Caa1
B3
B1
5.875
2.500
1.250
3.125
3.000
2.500
1.000
1.750
2.500
1.500
Jul21
Dec27
Oct18
May24
Dec18
Sep21
Dec19
Dec16
Jan18
Mar18
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Ba2
NR
NR
NR
Price
High
Low
Last
Chg
Yld%
A
BBB
BBB+
AA
BBB
AA
AA
AA
NR
AA
107.919
101.184
125.089
104.277
110.141
112.661
101.532
101.552
100.923
102.150
106.727
98.970
122.564
102.671
109.519
111.322
101.200
101.433
100.690
101.223
107.206
99.500
125.089
102.965
109.700
112.526
101.274
101.502
100.872
101.255
0.925
0.620
1.145
0.078
0.268
1.123
0.002
0.337
0.066
0.216
2.291
5.440
3.514
1.843
3.013
3.667
1.293
1.360
0.922
2.672
B+
B+
CCC+
B+
B+
BB
BB
BB
NR
NR
BB
NR
100.783
100.885
100.500
100.405
105.496
96.500
100.024
96.813
104.000
102.750
99.963
99.464
100.070
99.590
102.317
94.000
98.875
95.777
101.520
102.500
100.326
100.060
100.171
99.900
103.450
95.250
99.420
96.000
103.000
102.750
0.326
0.582
0.213
0.473
0.550
0.750
0.295
0.000
0.920
1.448
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
7.509
5.053
10.216
7.759
8.295
4.553
BB
B
NR
CCC
D
NR
NR
NR
NR
BB
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
115.750
97.510
124.148
39.125
0.747
72.500
110.850
214.115
113.297
86.000
112.270
96.920
123.310
38.500
0.550
72.500
110.250
210.882
112.000
81.500
115.071
96.920
123.960
39.000
0.660
72.500
110.850
214.115
112.686
86.000
0.591
0.109
0.004
2.500
0.260
0.292
0.250
2.635
0.127
4.750
2.610
2.817
8.257
17.910
N.A.
9.337
2.091
143.290
5.329
10.958
Fitch
INVESTMENT GRADE
Comcast Corp New (CMCS)

Ecopetrol S A (ECOH)
Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD)
Wells Fargo & Co New Medium Term Sr Nts (WFC)
Newell Brands Inc (NWL)
Shell Intl Fin B V (RDS)
Wells Fargo Bk N A San Francisco Calif M (WFC)
Royal Bk Cda Global Medium Term Sr Bk Nt (RY)
Qualcomm Inc (QCOM)
Hsbc Hldgs Plc (HBC)
A
BBB
A
A
BBB
A
AA
AA
A+
A
HIGH YIELD

Petrobras Global Fin B V (PBR)
Wireco Worldgroup Inc (WRCW)
Oasis Pete Inc New (OAS)
Holly Energy Partners, L.p. (HEP)
Weatherford Intl Ltd (WFT)

Seacor Smit Inc (CKH)
Ctrip Com Intl Ltd (CTRP)
Cobalt Intl Energy Inc (CIE)
Energy Xxi Ltd. (EXXI)
Clovis Oncology Inc (CLVS)
Nxp Semiconductors N V (NXPI)
Take-two Interactive Software Inc (TTWO)
Webmd Health Corp (WBMD)
Iconix Brand Group Inc (ICON)
CONSUMER RATES
ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Foreign Currency
in Dollars
AMERICAS
Argentina (Peso)
Bolivia (Boliviano)
Brazil (Real)
Canada (Dollar)
Chile (Peso)
Colombia (Peso)
Dom. Rep. (Peso)
El Salvador (Colon)
Guatemala (Quetzal)
Honduras (Lempira)
Mexico (Peso)
Nicaragua (Cordoba)
Paraguay (Guarani)
Peru (New Sol)
Uruguay (New Peso)
Venezuela (Bolivar)
EUROPE
Britain (Pound)
Czech Rep (Koruna)
Denmark (Krone)
Europe (Euro)
Hungary (Forint)
Yesterday
Year
Wednesday
Friday
Ago
0.40%
3.50
2.67
3.85
3.50
4.29
2.87
3.72
2.80
Change from last week

Up
Flat
Down
4.36%
4.30
4.09
4.07
0.25%
0.24
0.33
0.56
0.76
1.42
9 10
5-YEAR HISTORY
+40%
Change from
previous year
May 16
Apr. 16
.0687
.1471
.3065
.7707
.0015
.0003
.0218
.1147
.1313
.0439
.0544
.0356
.0002
.3052
.0330
.1003
1.3145
.0411
.1491
1.1092
.0035
Dollars in
Foreign Currency
14.5530
6.8000
3.2630
1.2976
655.20
2939.0
45.7800
8.7220
7.6140
22.7800
18.3670
28.0700
5617.8
3.2767
30.2800
9.9750
.7607
24.3510
6.7061
.9016
282.53
+3.0%
+1.8
Future
Corn
Soybeans
Wheat
Live Cattle
Hogs-Lean
Cocoa
Coffee
Sugar-World
Monetary
units per
Exchange quantity
CBT
CBT
CBT
Foreign Currency
in Dollars
0.31
0.39
0.30
0.38
+0.00
+0.01
0.31
0.39
99.92
100.33
101.39
107.19
99.93
100.34
101.41
107.22
+0.05
+0.13
+0.31
+1.23
0.69
1.08
1.51
2.23

|
1[
1|
2
102.51
0.01 -0.39
106.02
+0.16
0.02
128.06
+0.46
0.28
111.88
+1.37
0.62
Source: Thomson Reuters
One Dollar in Euros

1.00 euros
$1 = 0.9016
0.95
0.90
0.85
0.80
2016
2015
Norway (Krone)
Poland (Zloty)
Russia (Ruble)
Sweden (Krona)
Switzerland (Franc)
Turkey (Lira)
.1188
.2517
.0156
.1177
1.0154
.3450
8.4187
3.9726
63.9091
8.4983
.9848
2.8983
Dollars in
Foreign Currency
ASIA/PACIFIC
Australia (Dollar)
China (Yuan)
Hong Kong (Dollar)
India (Rupee)
Japan (Yen)
Malaysia (Ringgit)
New Zealand (Dollar)
Pakistan (Rupee)
Philippines (Peso)
Singapore (Dollar)
So. Korea (Won)
Taiwan (Dollar)
Thailand (Baht)
Vietnam (Dong)
.7605
.1496
.1289
.0149
.0096
.2519
.7273
.0096
.0212
.7428
.0009
.0311
.0284
.00004
1.3149
6.6832
7.7560
67.0062
104.48
3.9700
1.3749
104.60
47.1900
1.3462
1144.8
32.1780
35.1900
22279
MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
Bahrain (Dinar)
Egypt (Pound)
Iran (Rial)
Israel (Shekel)
Jordan (Dinar)
Kenya (Shilling)
Kuwait (Dinar)
2.6560
.1126
.00003
.2588
1.4128
.0099
3.3138
.3765
8.8799
30080
3.8639
.7078
101.30
.3018
CME
CME
NYBOT
NYBOT
NYBOT
COMX
COMX
COMX
NYMX
NYMX
NYMX
Lifetime
High
Low
Date
Open
Settle
Change
Open
Interest
582.75 333.00
1216.00 859.50
732.00 405.00
145.80 108.18
88.90
71.08
3406.00 2645.00
231.20 115.35
21.22
11.54
Jul
Jul
Jul
Aug
Jul
Jul
Jul
Sep
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
353.00 372.75 348.50 365.75

1112.25 1140.00 1112.25 1128.00
430.00 434.00 427.00 426.25
108.90 111.53 108.73 111.45
80.08
80.25
80.08
80.18
3155.00 3155.00 3155.00 3182.00
145.90 147.70 145.90 146.20
19.79
20.19
19.37
19.48
+ 16.00
+ 20.75
+ 2.25
+ 2.55
+ 0.22
+ 29.00
+ 0.25
0.24
507
614
78
95,500
6,890
9
23
458,332
$/oz
$/oz
$/lb
$/bbl
$/gal
$/mil.btu
1374.90 1200.90
41.25
13.73
2.96
1.96
90.58
32.22
2.78
0.96
6.20
1.99
Jul
Jul
Jul
Aug
Jul
Jul
16
16
16
16
16
16
1341.50 1341.50 1336.70 1342.40

20.39
20.42
20.20
20.37
2.22
2.27
2.21
2.24
46.58
46.71
44.56
44.75
1.45
1.45
1.38
1.38
2.74
2.80
2.70
2.74
+
+
+
1,034
1,139
2,034
227,946
62,880
127,210
May 16
Apr. 16
4
+6.3%
+6.3
9 10
3.97%
3.90
4.56
4.56
% Total Returns
+10%
11
16
+10%
Change from
previous year
2.3%
1.3
11
16
9 10
Real Hourly Earnings
3.29%
3.13
+1%
Change from
previous year
0% 1
9 10
0.31%
0.29
0.37
0.60
0.81
1.46
*Credit ratings: good, FICO score 660-749; excellent, FICO score 750-850.
June 16
May 16
0.3%
0.3
110
100
90
2016
Lebanon (Pound)
Saudi Arabia (Riyal)
So. Africa (Rand)
U.A.E (Dirham)
.0007
.2667
.0691
.2723
High
16
6
Type
YTD
1 Yr
Prices as of 4:45 p.m. Eastern Time.

Low
8.30
0.24
0.03
2.05
0.08
0.00
Crude Oil
$70
$44.75 a barrel
60
50
40
30
2015
2016
Vanguard Total Intl Stock Index Inv(VGTSX)

American Funds Capital Income Bldr A(CAIBX)
Dodge & Cox International Stock(DODFX)
American Funds Capital World Gr&Inc A(CWGIX)
American Funds New Perspective A(ANWPX)
Harbor International Institutional(HAINX)
American Funds Europacific Growth A(AEPGX)
Oakmark International I(OAKIX)
BlackRock Global Allocation Instl(MALOX)
American Funds SMALLCAP World A(SMCWX)
First Eagle Global A(SGENX)
DFA International Core Equity I(DFIEX)
Vanguard International Growth Adm(VWILX)
Old Westbury Large Cap Strategies(OWLSX)
T. Rowe Price International Stock(PRITX)
DFA International Small Cap Value I(DISVX)
T. Rowe Price Overseas Stock(TROSX)
Fidelity Diversified International(FDIVX)
T. Rowe Price International Gr & Inc(TRIGX)
Franklin Mutual Global Discovery A(TEDIX)
Templeton Growth A(TEPLX)
Oppenheimer International Growth Y(OIGYX)
DFA International Small Company I(DFISX)
% Total Returns
Exp. Assets
5 Yr* Ratio
(mil.$)
LARGEST FUNDS
Average performance for all such funds

Number of funds for period
11
Existing Home Sales
Fund Name (TICKER)
Type
YTD
1 Yr
Exp. Assets
5 Yr* Ratio
Source: Bankrate.com
5.5
5.4
11
16
(mil.$)
LEADERS
FB
IH
FB
WS
WS
FB
FG
FB
IH
WS
IH
FV
FG
WS
FG
FA
FB
FG
FV
WS
WS
FG
FQ
+2.1
+8.6
1.9
+4.2
+0.9
+0.5
*
7.2
+1.8
+2.3
+9.0
+0.5
+0.6
+3.9
+1.6
0.8
1.3
3.2
1.3
+2.3
*
0.4
+1.6
7.5
+3.9
16.5
2.2
0.9
11.6
8.1
16.2
2.3
6.3
+6.0
6.3
6.4
0.6
7.0
5.5
10.7
9.8
11.2
5.4
8.5
4.5
0.9
+1.2
+7.3
+2.2
+7.2
+8.4
+1.6
+3.1
+3.7
+4.0
+7.0
+6.4
+2.7
+3.2
+5.7
+3.0
+5.0
+2.7
+4.1
+1.8
+6.7
+5.0
+5.0
+4.6
+0.7
660
5.8
660
+3.8
631
0.18
0.60
0.64
0.77
0.76
0.77
0.83
0.98
0.79
1.10
1.13
0.38
0.32
1.11
0.84
0.68
0.84
1.07
0.85
1.25
1.06
0.89
0.53
81,937
71,981
51,604
51,573
35,766
35,441
25,678
22,561
17,826
17,482
15,874
15,367
14,546
14,208
11,992
11,914
11,274
11,198
11,001
10,614
10,090
9,970
9,804
DFA Global Real Estate Securities Port(DFGEX)

Gerstein Fisher Mlt-Ftr Gl Rl Est Sec(GFMRX)
Hussman Strategic Total Return(HSTRX)
Schwab Global Real Estate(SWASX)
Franklin Global Real Estate A(FGRRX)
T. Rowe Price Global Real Estate(TRGRX)
AB Global Real Estate Investment II I(ARIIX)
Cohen & Steers Instl Global Realty(GRSIX)
Cohen & Steers Global Realty I(CSSPX)
Aristotle/Saul Global Opportunities I(ARSOX)
AB Global Real Estate Investment A(AREAX)
Oppenheimer Global Opportunities Y(OGIYX)
GR
GR
TV
GR
GR
GR
GR
GR
GR
IH
GR
WS
+15.0
+12.9
+13.0
+9.8
+9.0
+9.8
+10.4
+8.6
+8.6
+13.4
+10.0
+3.0
+17.5
+13.6
+11.7
+10.9
+10.3
+9.8
+9.6
+9.6
+9.5
+9.3
+9.1
+9.0
+10.4
NA
+1.7
+7.1
+7.6
+8.2
+8.8
+7.5
+7.4
NA
+8.0
+9.4
0.24
1.00
0.69
1.05
1.40
1.05
0.69
1.00
1.06
1.10
1.30
0.94
5,013
101
463
270
99
219
358
466
308
80
78
420
LAGGARDS
Janus Aspen Overseas Instl(JAIGX)
Janus Overseas S(JIGRX)
AllianzGI NFJ International Value A(AFJAX)
Litman Gregory Masters Intl Instl(MSILX)
Federated International Leaders C(FGFCX)
T. Rowe Price Africa & Middle East(TRAMX)
Deutsche CROCI International C(SUICX)
T. Rowe Price Inst Africa & Middle Eas(TRIAX)
Cambiar Unconstrained Equity Investor(CAMAX)
Dodge & Cox International Stock(DODFX)
Oakmark International I(OAKIX)
JPMorgan International Val A(JFEAX)
FB
FB
FV
FB
FB
MQ
FB
MQ
WS
FB
FB
FV
10.4
10.6
6.2
8.4
9.7
+2.8
6.1
+3.3
15.5
1.9
7.2
6.1
21.6
21.5
20.1
19.3
19.2
17.5
17.5
17.2
16.9
16.5
16.2
15.5
6.7
8.1
2.3
+0.1
+1.9
+4.3
+0.7
+4.7
+3.6
+2.2
+3.7
0.7
0.51
0.90
1.28
0.99
1.96
1.57
1.84
1.24
1.35
0.64
0.98
1.35
154
153
259
756
116
125
101
157
111
51,604
22,561
615
*Annualized. Leaders and Laggards are among funds with at least $50 million in assets, and include no more than one class of any fund. Todays fund types: FA-Foreign Small/Mid Val.
FB-Foreign Large Blend. FG-Foreign Large Growth. FQ-Foreign Small/Mid Bl.. FR-Foreign Small/Mid Gr.. FV-Foreign Large Value. GR-Global Real Estate. IH-World Allocation. MQ-Miscellaneous
Source: Morningstar
Region. TV-Tactical Allocation. WS-World Stock. NA-Not Available. YTD-Year to date. Spotlight tables rotate on a 2-week basis.
Annual Rate, in millions

Seasonally adjusted
May 16
Apr. 16
1508.0
3.7500
14.4700
3.6728
MUTUAL FUNDS SPOTLIGHT: WORLD STOCKS
Producer Prices
May 16
Apr. 16
120
Key to exchanges: CBT-Chicago Board of Trade. CME-Chicago Mercantile Exchange. CMX-Comex division of NYM. KC-Kansas City Board of Trade. NYBOT-New York Board of
Trade. NYM-New York Mercantile Exchange. Open interest is the number of contracts outstanding.
16
Change from
previous year
$1 = 104.48
20
11
Consumer Borrowing
One Dollar in Yen

130 yen
2015
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B9
Ill never know what it feels like to stand on the podium in Sochi, but I
want to put this behind me. I want to know: Am I a bronze medalist?
KATIE UHLAENDER, who finished fourth in skeleton at the Sochi Games in 2014.
BRITISH OPEN ROYAL TROON
A New Voice
(Or Two)
To Start Off
The Golfers
By SAM BORDEN
TROON, Scotland Over the past four decades, the

soundtrack to the British Open has generally included
the whistling wind, the patter (or sometimes pounding)
of raindrops and, at the start of every single round for
every single golfer, a distinctively singsong voice from
Dumfriesshire.
This year, that changes. Not the wind or rain most
likely (though the golfers can dream), but rather the
voice: For the first time in 41 years, there will be a new
starter on the first tee at the Open beginning Thursday at
Royal Troon, a new voice actually voices calling out
the names of the competitors just before a ball is struck.
Ivor Robson, who handled the job since 1975 at
Carnoustie, retired after last years Open at St. Andrews.
Robson was also the official starter for the European
Tour, and so his lilting tone, which many top players
gamely attempted to imitate in a send-off video, became
synonymous with
golf on this side of
the Atlantic.
Now, he will be
replaced.
When
Colin Montgomerie
smacks the first
shot of the tournament at 6:35 a.m.
local time, it will follow an introduction
from David Lancaster, 59, who has a
lovely, smooth accent and runs a
company
that
(somewhat
fittingly) trains people in public speaking.
GERRY PENNY/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
My
sons
usually
describe Ivor Robson introduced
me as the Merlin players at the first tee of the
behind
someone British Open for 41 years. On
elses King Arthur, Thursday, a new era starts.
Lancaster said in
an interview this
week. But Im not just the guy who is training the guy. I
believe that I can actually do this as well.
Lancaster was initially approached by the R&A,
which runs the Open, last fall to do some consulting for
the governing bodys communications department. After
that went well, he mentioned he was happy to help with
anything the R&A might need in the future.
Shortly thereafter, he heard from the R&A asking if
he would mind training the new starter once Robsons replacement was selected. Then, a few months later, Lancaster recalled, I heard from them again and they said,
Would you be interested in doing it?
Lancaster, a golf fan and member of Cumberwell
Park near Bath, was ecstatic. But he also had a few conditions that he wanted to raise before accepting, most notably that he be allowed to bring a substitute announcer
with him.
Robson was famous for not drinking any liquids
while working at the Open, which meant that he also
never took a bathroom break. He did not miss a single
golfers introduction at the Open in more than 40 years.
Feeling Cheated,
Seeking the Truth
By WAYNE EPPS Jr.
Katie Uhlaender, pursuing her first Olympic

medal, was edged out by a Russian said to be
part of a government-run doping program.
By REBECCA R. RUIZ
Katie Uhlaender was a three-time United States Olympian when she competed at the Sochi Games in February
2014. She was seeking her first Olympic medal, and after
four runs down an icy 1.1-mile skeleton course, she was sure
she had succeeded.
She had not. She placed fourth, finishing four-hundredths of a second behind Elena Nikitina of Russia, who
took third.
Two years later, after replaying the competition in her
mind countless times, Ms. Uhlaender learned that Ms.
Nikitina was among dozens of Russian athletes at the Sochi
Games who were part of a government-run doping program, according to the longtime director of Russias antidoping lab, Grigory Rodchenkov.
My gut just got all wrenchy, Ms. Uhlaender said recently, tears welling up as she slowed her pedaling on a stationary bike. Its opening a wound.
Dr. Rodchenkovs account of how doping controls were
breached at the 2014 Olympics has tarnished the performance of dozens of Russian athletes and marred the integrity
of the Games. His claims also have left many athletes who
finished behind Russians feeling cheated.
Ill never know what it feels like to stand on the podium in Sochi, but I want to put this behind me, Ms. Uhlaender said. I want to know: Am I a bronze medalist?
Ms. Nikitinas name appears on a spreadsheet provided to The New York Times by Dr. Rodchenkov. The document, which he said was sent to him by Russias sports ministry two weeks before the Sochi Games, lists key competition dates for each athlete in Ms. Nikitinas case, Feb. 14,
the date of her final two races, in which she had some of the
fastest running starts at the Games.
That list, Dr. Rodchenkov said, guided him in his
In a High-Tech Era,
Ball Clubs Still Talk
With Their Hands
DOUG MILLS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Top, Katie Uhlaender with her fathers National League championship ring. Above, Uhlaender after a run at the 2014 Games.
nightly ritual in Sochi: surreptitiously swapping out the
steroid-laced urine of Russias top athletes, at least 15 of
whom won medals.
An investigation into Dr. Rodchenkovs account is expected to conclude within days, three weeks before the
Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro are set to begin, and the
full results of the investigation, due on Monday, could prove
explosive. Dr. Rodchenkov has cooperated with the inquiry,
which was commissioned in May by the World Anti-Doping
Agency and has been conducted by Richard McLaren, a Canadian lawyer who was part of a commission that last fall
accused Russia of systematic doping.
In a preliminary report last month, Mr. McLaren, who
received the Sochi spreadsheet, called Dr. Rodchenkovs
story both credible and verifiable.
Last month, global sports officials barred Russian
In the moment of pause between pitches, a batter

steps back and takes a peek at the third-base coach. The
coach executes a series of taps on his body and the batter
turns back and prepares for the next pitch. But only a
handful of people in the stadium know the message that
was sent, or whether there was one at all.
A touch to the ear. A sharp clap of hands. The flash of
a few fingers.
Such is the world of nonverbal communication in
baseball. And even in todays game where video and
virtual reality are study tools, where bat sensors can analyze swings and where a tracking system can monitor the
movement of every player and every hit or thrown ball
one concept that has not grown overly complex is the
signs passed from coach to hitter, and between catcher
and pitcher, before every pitch.
If some teams have reinvented the system in the era
of advanced technology, they are keeping quiet about it.
For the most part according to managers, coaches and
players from several teams the goal of signs is not to
deceive an opponent, but rather to make sure a teams
own players understand what they are supposed to do.
I dont know if theyre any more complex, said
Gene Glynn, the Minnesota Twins third-base coach. Its
just trying to hide your signs the best you can without
hiding them from your own players.
According to the website of Paul Dickson, the author
of The Hidden Language of Baseball, signs in baseball
date to the Civil War, inspired by signals used in battle.
Teams can signal for plays like hit-and-runs, bunts and
steals during the course of a game. Pitches are called,
shaken off, rethought.
Offensively, Glynn said, signs are used mostly to relay the thoughts of the manager, who is running the game
based on how to best use players in certain situations. Joe
Espada, the Yankees third-base coach, said he keeps the
complexity of his signs to a minimum, preferring to
change the sequence or touches in his progressions
rather than to add new ones.
Little bit more complicated for the opponents, not
so much for my guys, Espada said.
Simplicity can be an effective deception, said Gary
Jones, the Chicago Cubs third-base coach. Theyre looking for something thats really not there, he said.
But Texas Rangers Manager Jeff Banister is among
those who argue that signs need to evolve.
B10
THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS THURSDAY, JULY 14, 2016
S C O R E B OA R D
Barcelonas Defense of Messi Creates a Backlash

By RAPHAEL MINDER
MADRID Among Barcelonas

roster of international superstars,
the team has long singled out Lionel Messi for special care. But after Barcelona began an online campaign in support of Messi after he
was sentenced in a tax fraud case,
many in Spain are asking just how
far a club should go to support its
best player.
The debate began almost immediately after Barcelona announced
its We Are All Leo Messi campaign on Saturday. Social media reaction was swift on both sides, and
top government officials joined the
chorus of critics this week.
On Tuesday, Miguel Cardenal,
president of the High Council for
Sport, the government agency that
oversees sports in Spain, described
Barcelonas public campaign as
completely wrong. Cardenal told
reporters that Spain had laws that
allowed Messi to appeal such a ruling which the player plans to do
without requiring extra support
from his club team, especially one
with a global profile as large as Barcelonas.
Messi should be satisfied with
living in a country with the advanced system of protection that
we have, Cardenal said.
As part of Barcelonas campaign
to support Messi, the club asked
fans to show solidarity by posting

photos online of themselves with
their hands open. Josep Maria Bartomeu, the teams president, posted
his own message on Twitter in
which he addressed his superstar:
Leo, those who attack you are attacking Bara and its history. Well
defend you to the end. Together forever!
Barcelonas campaign was in response to a court ruling that sentenced Messi and his father to a
largely symbolic 21 months in prison for failing to disclose to Spains
tax authorities some of his advertising contracts. Lawyers for Messi
and his father, Jorge, have said that
the men will appeal the sentences,
which in any case are almost certainly not going to result in their imprisonment as the sentencing was
below the two-year threshold set by
Spanish law for first-time tax
offenders to enter prison. Both men
were also fined.
The club has defended its campaign by insisting that the sentence
against Messi was unjust. Amid
dozens of high-profile financial
fraud and corruption cases in
Spain, Barcelonas active support
for Messi has infuriated those
struggling to collect Spanish taxes.
Carlos Cruzado, president of
Gestha, an association of tax inspectors, said in a statement on
MANU FERNANDEZ/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Lionel Messis team is standing

behind its star after he was sentenced in a tax fraud case.
Tuesday that the club and its star
player should have just accepted
the sentence and closed this chapter. Instead, Barcelonas campaign
is dismantling the pedagogic work
that should be done to make citizens more conscious of their tax
obligations, Cruzado said. The tax
inspectors also argued that Messi,
as a superstar, should be setting an
example for the public, and that
Barcelona should be reminding its
followers that they are all

taxpayers.
Predictably, one of the responses
to Barcelonas crusade has been
the start of an I Am Not Leo
Messi campaign online.
The sentencing in the case came
shortly after Messi announced his
retirement from international soccer after he missed a penalty kick in
Argentinas shootout loss to Chile in
the final of the Copa Amrica Centenario.
Messi, 29, left Argentina as a
teenager to join Barcelonas youth
training academy. Although he has
lost four major finals with his national team, he has one of the greatest club records in soccer history in
his career at Barcelona. This year,
Barcelona completed another domestic double, winning the Spanish
league title and the top domestic
cup competition, the Copa del Rey,
but the team failed to defend its title
in the Champions League.
Messi has repeatedly denied
wrongdoing in the tax case, saying
in court that he had no knowledge
of his financial affairs. In 2013,
Messi and his father made a voluntary additional tax payment of 5
million euros (about $5.5 million) to
cover the unpaid taxes as well as interest charges shortly after Messis
advertising deals were placed under formal court investigation.
BASEBALL
CYCLINGFRIDAY
TOUR DE FRANCE
A.L. STANDINGS
East
Pct
GB
Baltimore
51
36 .586
Boston
49
38 .563
Toronto
51
40 .560
Yankees
44
44 .500
7{
Tampa Bay
34
54 .386 17{
Central
Pct
GB
Cleveland
52
36 .591
Detroit
46
43 .517
6{
Kansas City
45
43 .511
Chicago
45
43 .511
Minnesota
32
56 .364
20
West
Texas
54
36 .600
Pct
GB
Houston
48
41 .539
5{
8{
Seattle
45
44 .506
Oakland
38
51 .427 15{
Los Angeles
37
52 .416 16{
TUESDAY
All-Star Game, A.L. 4, N.L. 2
WEDNESDAY-THURSDAY
All-Star break, no games scheduled
FRIDAY
Boston at Yankees, 7:05

Texas at Chicago Cubs, 2:20
Baltimore at Tampa Bay, 7:10
Kansas City at Detroit, 7:10
Cleveland at Minnesota, 8:10
Chicago White Sox at L.A. Angels,
10:05
Toronto at Oakland, 10:05
Houston at Seattle, 10:10
SATURDAY
Boston at Yankees, 4:05

Toronto at Oakland, 4:05
Houston at Seattle, 4:10
Baltimore at Tampa Bay, 6:10
Cleveland at Minnesota, 7:10
Kansas City at Detroit, 7:10
Chicago White Sox at L.A. Angels,
9:05
N.L. STANDINGS
East
Pct
GB
Washington
54
36 .600
Mets
47
41 .534
Miami
47
41 .534
Philadelphia
42
48 .467
12
58 .348 22{
Atlanta
31
Central
Chicago
St. Louis
Pct
GB
53
35 .602
46
42 .523
Pittsburgh
46
43 .517
7{
Milwaukee
38
49 .437 14{
Cincinnati
32
57 .360 21{
West
Pct
GB
San Francisco
57
33 .633
Los Angeles
51
40 .560
6{
16
Colorado
40
48 .455
San Diego
38
51 .427 18{
Arizona
38
52 .422
19
TUESDAY
All-Star Game, A.L. 4, N.L. 2
WEDNESDAY-THURSDAY
All-Star break, no games scheduled
FRIDAY
Mets at Philadelphia, 7:05

Pittsburgh at Washington, 7:05
Milwaukee at Cincinnati, 7:10
Colorado at Atlanta, 7:35
Miami at St. Louis, 8:15
L.A. Dodgers at Arizona, 9:40
San Francisco at San Diego, 10:40
SATURDAY
ALVARO BARRIENTOS/ASSOCIATED PRESS
BATTLING A BULL
The bullfighter Roca Rey performing at the San Fermn Festival the running of the bulls in Pamplona, Spain.
P RO B ASKETBA L L
A.L. LEADERS
Duncan, Most Cerebral of Stars, Lacks a Retirement Plan

Tim Duncan said he had decided to retire after 19 seasons in the N.B.A. because playing
wasnt much fun anymore.
In an online interview, Duncan said he had
been moved by the tributes from former teammates and from Gregg Popovich, who coached
Duncan for his entire career in San Antonio.
I didnt expect the response that I got,
Duncan said in the interview with a longtime
friend, Rashidi Clenance, that was streamed by
ViVid Streaming.
Duncan also composed a letter to Spurs fans
that was posted on the teams website and said
he had been taken aback by all of the fawning
over the last three days.
Luckily Im not dying, he joked in the interview. Im just moving to another chapter.
Duncan said that he had no immediate plans
for the next phase of his life, which was just the
way he wanted it.
For the first time in 20-something years, I
dont have a script, he said. I dont have somewhere I have to be and something I have to do.
Duncan, 40, retired Monday, ending a career
in which he won five N.B.A. championships and
was twice the leagues most valuable player.
GREEN ADMITS SLAPPING FOOTBALL PLAYER Golden
States Draymond Green struck a Michigan
State football player in the jaw during a confrontation near campus, tried to apologize and
then had to sit in jail until he sobered up, according to a police report.
Michigan State cornerback Jermaine Edmondson said that he had been punched by
Green early Sunday outside a restaurant in East
Lansing, though officers patrolling the area said
they had seen or heard a loud, openhanded slap.
According to the report, Edmondson said it
had been his second confrontation with Green in
two nights. He told the police that he and his girlfriend had been choked Friday night by men
who were with Green at a bar near campus.
Green said he was sorry for slapping the
subject and wanted to speak with him to make
things right, Officer Jeff Horn wrote.
Green said on Tuesday that his legal team
was handling the matter. It will be resolved really quickly, he said.
The university said Edmondson had filed
paperwork on Wednesday to transfer.
PLEADING FOR PEACE LeBron James, Carmelo Anthony, Chris Paul and Dwyane Wade opened the
ESPY Awards in Los Angeles with a plea to address racial profiling and end gun violence.
The players took turns talking about what
Anthony called the realities of the current state
All news by The Associated Press unless noted.
Mets at Philadelphia, 7:05

Pittsburgh at Washington, 7:05
Colorado at Atlanta, 7:10
Milwaukee at Cincinnati, 7:10
Miami at St. Louis, 7:15
L.A. Dodgers at Arizona, 8:10
San Francisco at San Diego, 8:40
lowed by its archrival Barcelona at $3.55 billion.

The rest of the top 10 featured the Yankees
($3.4 billion) in fourth place, followed by Manchester United of the English Premier League
($3.32 billion), the New England Patriots ($3.2
billion), the Knicks ($3.0 billion), the Washington Redskins ($2.8 billion), the Giants ($2.8 billion), and tied for 10th, the Los Angeles Lakers
and the San Francisco 49ers ($2.7 billion).
HO CK EY
Las Vegas Franchise Picks G.M.
CHRISTIAN PETERSEN/GETTY IMAGES
For the first time in 20-something years, I

dont have a script, Tim Duncan said.
of America. Paul, who is the nephew of a police
officer, recited the names of several black men
who have been killed, most of them by guns.
James urged his fellow athletes to return to
their communities and invest time and resources in helping rebuild them. He asked them
to educate themselves and renounce violence.
We all have to do better, he said.
LIBERTY ROUT DREAM Tina Charles had 18 points
and 9 rebounds, and the Liberty beat visiting Atlanta, 86-62, for their fourth straight victory.
Charles scored 10 points in the third quarter as
the Liberty built on a 10-point halftime lead with
a 15-2 run to open the second half.
PRO FO OTBAL L
Cowboys Valued at $4 Billion

The Dallas Cowboys are the first sports franchise worth $4 billion, according to Forbes. In its
annual rankings, Forbes placed the Cowboys
ahead of the European soccer powerhouses
Real Madrid and Barcelona after the franchises
value jumped 25 percent.
Real Madrid, the Champions League winner,
dropped to the second spot at $3.65 billion, fol-
George McPhee beat out six other candidates to be named general manager of the
N.H.L. expansion team that will begin play for
the 2017-18 season in Las Vegas.
McPhee was most recently a special adviser
to Islanders General Manager Garth Snow and
before that spent 16 seasons as the general manager of the Washington Capitals.
Were going to build an organization and a
team that people in Nevada and Las Vegas will
be proud of, and were going to do it quickly, and
were aiming at the Stanley Cup, McPhee said.
REMAINING A RANGER J. T. Miller, a restricted free
agent, agreed to terms with the Rangers.
Miller, the 15th pick in the 2011 draft, had 22
goals and 21 assists both career highs last
season.
SO CCER
Narrow Field Sparks Anger

Members of the United States womens national team have denounced the use of a narrow
field for a National Womens Soccer League
match last weekend in Rochester.
The national team players Hope Solo, Carli
Lloyd and Megan Rapinoe were among those
who used social media to complain about the minor league baseball field that was used for the
game between the Seattle Reign and the Western New York Flash.
Its far past time that the women in our
league start being treated like professional athletes otherwise, we might as well just admit
that the NWSL is just a semi-pro league, and
stop pretending like its the best womens league
in the world, Solo wrote on her website.
RED BULLS END SKID Connor Lade scored his first
career M.L.S. goal in five seasons as the Red
Bulls beat Orlando City, 2-0, to end a four-game
winless streak.
Lade, a defender, rushed a loose ball and
drove it in from 15 yards in the 37th minute.
BATTINGAltuve, Houston, .341; Ortiz,

Boston, .332; Bogaerts, Boston, .329;
Desmond, Texas, .322; Trout, Anaheim,
.322; Nunez, Minnesota, .321; Machado,
Baltimore, .318; Escobar, Anaheim, .317;
Cano, Seattle, .313; Lindor, Cleveland, .306.
RUNSDonaldson, Toronto, 80; Betts,
Boston, 75; Kinsler, Detroit, 71; Trout,
Anaheim, 68; Altuve, Houston, 67;
Bogaerts, Boston, 65; Desmond, Texas,
65; Cano, Seattle, 64; Davis, Baltimore, 64;
Springer, Houston, 63.
RBIEncarnacion, Toronto, 80; Ortiz,
Boston, 72; Trumbo, Baltimore, 68;
Donaldson, Toronto, 63; Seager, Seattle,
61; Napoli, Cleveland, 61; Pujols, Anaheim,
60; Betts, Boston, 59; Davis, Baltimore, 58;
Trout, Anaheim, 58; Cano, Seattle, 58; Cruz,
Seattle, 58.
HITSAltuve, Houston, 119; Bogaerts,
Boston, 117; Betts, Boston, 117; Cano,
Seattle, 114; Desmond, Texas, 113;
Machado, Baltimore, 109; Pedroia, Boston,
106; Trout, Anaheim, 104; Kinsler, Detroit,
103; Lindor, Cleveland, 103.
DOUBLESOrtiz, Boston, 34; Machado,
Baltimore, 29; Seager, Seattle, 26; Shaw,
Boston, 26; Saunders, Toronto, 25; Altuve,
Houston, 24; Longoria, Tampa Bay, 24;
Schoop, Baltimore, 23; Cano, Seattle, 23;
Betts, Boston, 23.
TRIPLESEaton, Chicago, 7; Bradley
Jr., Boston, 6; Naquin, Cleveland, 5;
Andrus, Texas, 5; Ellsbury, New York, 5;
Donaldson, Toronto, 5; Burns, Oakland,
4; Buxton, Minnesota, 4; Betts, Boston, 4;
Miller, Tampa Bay, 4; Kipnis, Cleveland, 4;
Chisenhall, Cleveland, 4.
N.L. LEADERS
BATTINGMurphy, Washington, .348;
LeMahieu,
Colorado,
.334;
Ramos,
Washington, .330; Prado, Miami, .324;
Gonzalez, Colorado, .318; Realmuto,
Miami, .317; Yelich, Miami, .317; Marte,
Pittsburgh, .316; Diaz, St. Louis, .315;
Braun, Milwaukee, .312.
RUNSBryant, Chicago, 73; Myers, San
Diego, 61; Arenado, Colorado, 60; Seager,
Los Angeles, 60; Zobrist, Chicago, 59;
Gonzalez, Colorado, 58; Diaz, St. Louis,
57; Carpenter, St. Louis, 56; Rendon,
Washington, 54; Rizzo, Chicago, 54.
RBIArenado, Colorado, 70; Murphy,
Washington, 66; Bryant, Chicago, 65;
Rizzo, Chicago, 63; Bruce, Cincinnati,
63; Crawford, San Francisco, 61; Lamb,
Arizona, 61; Duvall, Cincinnati, 61; Myers,
San Diego, 60; Kemp, San Diego, 58;
Goldschmidt, Arizona, 58.
HITSMurphy, Washington, 117; Segura,
Arizona, 110; Gonzalez, Colorado, 107;
Prado, Miami, 106; Seager, Los Angeles,
105; Marte, Pittsburgh, 99; LeMahieu,
Colorado, 99; Ozuna, Miami, 99; Arenado,
Colorado, 98; Myers, San Diego, 97;
Herrera, Philadelphia, 97.
DOUBLESBelt, San Francisco, 27;
Murphy, Washington, 25; Carpenter, St.
Louis, 25; Jay, San Diego, 24; Polanco,
Pittsburgh, 24; Arenado, Colorado, 24;
Rizzo, Chicago, 23; Yelich, Miami, 23;
Markakis, Atlanta, 22; Seager, Los Angeles,
22; Cozart, Cincinnati, 22; Piscotty, St.
Louis, 22; Diaz, St. Louis, 22.
TRIPLESLamb, Arizona, 7; Hernandez,
Philadelphia, 6; Bruce, Cincinnati, 6;
Panik, San Francisco, 5; Segura, Arizona,
5; LeMahieu, Colorado, 5; Ozuna, Miami,
5; Belt, San Francisco, 5; Hechavarria,
Miami, 5; Carpenter, St. Louis, 5; Revere,
Washington, 5.
M.L.B. CALENDAR
July 15 Last day to sign for amateur
draft picks subject to deadline.
July 24 Hall of Fame inductions,
Cooperstown, N.Y.
Aug. 1 Last day to trade a player
without securing waivers.
Aug. 16-18 Owners meetings,
Houston.
Sept. 1 Active rosters expand to 40
players.
October TBA World Series starts, city
of AL champion.
MONTPELLIER, FRANCE
11th Stage
A 101-mile flat ride from Carcassonne
to Montpellier, with a pair of early
Category 4 climbs
1. Peter Sagan, Slovakia, Tinkoff, 3 hours,
26 minutes, 23 seconds.
2. Chris Froome, Britain, Sky, same time.
3. Maciej Bodnar, Poland, Tinkoff, same
time.
4. Alexander Kristoff, Norway, Katusha, 6
seconds behind.
5. Christopher Laporte, France, Cofidis,
same time.
6. Jasper Stuyven, Belgium, TrekSegafredo, same time.
7. Edvald Boasson Hagen, Norway,
Dimension Data, same time.
8. Andre Greipel, Germany, Lotto Soudal,
same time.
9. Sondre Holst Enger, Norway, IAM
Cycling, same time.
10. Oliver Naesen, Belgium, IAM Cycling,
same time.
11. Reinardt Janse van Rensburg, South
Africa, Dimension Data, same time.
12. Jon Degenkolb, Germany, GiantAlpecin, same time.
13. Dylan Groenewegen, Netherlands, Lotto
NL-Jumbo, same time.
14. Daniel McLay, Britain, Fortuneo-Vital
Concept, same time.
15.
Adam
Yates,
Britain,
OricaBikeExchange, same time.
16. Roman Kreuziger, Czech Republic,
Tinkoff, same time.
17. Nairo Quintana, Colombia, Movistar,
same time.
18. Simon Gerrans, Australia, OricaBikeExchange, same time.
19. Shane Larchbold, New Zealand, BoraArgon, same time.
20. Oscar Gatto, Italy, Tinkoff, same time.
Overall Standings
(After 11 stages)
1. Chris Froome, Britain, Sky, 52:34:37.
2. Adam Yates, Britain, Orica-BikeExchange,
:28.
3. Daniel Martin, Ireland, Etixx-QuickStep,
:31.
4. Nairo Quintana, Colombia, Movistar, :35.
5. Bauke Mollema, Netherlands, TrekSegafredo, :56.
6. Romain Bardet, France, AG2R La
Mondiale, same time.
7. Sergio Henao, Colombia, Sky, same
time.
8. Alejandro Valverde, Spain, Movistar,
1:13.
9. Tejay Van Garderen, United States, BMC
Racing, same time.
10. Roman Kreuziger, Czech Republic,
Tinkoff, 1:28.
11. Fabio Aru, Italy, Astana, 1:35.
12. Joaquim Rodriguez, Spain, Katusha,
1:52.
13. Louis Meintjes, South Africa, LampreMerida, 2:10.
14. Richie Porte, Australia, BMC Racing,
2:22.
15. Warren Barguil, France, Giant-Alpecin, 3:03.
16. Geraint Thomas, Britain, Team Sky, 3:32.
17. Pierre Rolland, France, Cannondale, 5:16.
18. Wilco Kelderman, Netherlands, LottoNLJumbo, 5:54.
19. Sebastien Reichenbach, Switzerland, FDJ, 6:37.
20. Damiano Caruso, Italy, BMC Racing, 6:50.
TENNIS
HALL OF FAME
CHAMPIONSHIPS
At The International Tennis Hall of Fame
NEWPORT, R.I.
Singles
First Round
Victor Estrella Burgos, Dominican
Republic, d. Dennis Novikov, United States,
7-6 (3), 6-3.
Second Round
Ivo Karlovic (2), Croatia, d. Frank
Dancevic, Canada, 3-6, 7-6 (5), 6-4. Marcos
Baghdatis (4), Cyprus, d. Brian Baker,
United States, 6-4, 6-3. Marco Chiudinelli,
Switzerland,
d.
John-Patrick
Smith,
Australia, 1-6, 6-3, 6-3. Steve Johnson (1),
United States, d. Yuichi Sugita, Japan, 6-1,
6-4. Donald Young (8), United States, d.
Stefan Kozlov, United States, 6-0, 6-4. Dudi
Sela (7), Israel, d. Rajeev Ram, United
States, 6-3, 6-4.
Doubles
Quarterfinals
Sam Groth and Chris Guccione (2),
Australia, d. Marco Chiudinelli, Switzerland,
and Frank Moser, Germany, 6-3, 6-4. Purav
Raja and Divij Sharan (4), India, d. Marcos
Baghdatis, Cyprus, and Gilles Muller,
Luxembourg, 6-4, 6-4.
PRO SOCCER
M.L.S. STANDINGS
EAST
W
New York City FC 8
Philadelphia
8
Montreal
6
Red Bulls
7
Toronto FC
6
New England
5
D.C. United
5
Orlando City
4
Columbus
3
Chicago
3
L
6
6
4
9
6
7
7
4
7
8
T Pts GF GA
6 30 31 34
5 29 32 26
7 25 28 25
3 24 28 25
6 24 20 20
7 22 26 33
6 21 17 20
9 21 28 29
8 17 23 29
5 14 15 21
WEST
W L
T Pts GF GA
FC Dallas
11 5
4 37 31 24
Colorado
9 2
7 34 21 13
Real Salt Lake 8 5
5 29 29 28
Los Angeles
7 3
8 29 31 18
Kansas City
8 8
4 28 24 23
Vancouver
7 8
4 25 29 33
Portland
6 6
7 25 28 29
San Jose
5 6
7 22 19 21
Houston
4 8
6 18 23 25
Seattle
5 10
2 17 14 21
Wednesday's Games
Red Bulls 2, Orlando City 0
Toronto FC 1, Columbus 1, tie
Sporting Kansas City at Chicago
FC Dallas at Seattle
Montreal at Portland
Real Salt Lake at Vancouver
Friday's Game
Houston at Los Angeles, 11 p.m.
Saturday's Games
D.C. United at Columbus, 7:30 p.m.
Chicago at FC Dallas, 9 p.m.
Sporting Kansas City at Colorado, 9 p.m.
New England at Real Salt Lake, 10 p.m.
Orlando City at Vancouver, 10 p.m.
Toronto FC at San Jose, 10:30 p.m.
PRO BASKETBALL
W.N.B.A. STANDINGS
EASTERN CONFERENCE
W
L
Pct
Liberty
16
6 .727
Atlanta
11
10 .524
Indiana
9
12 .429
Washington
9
12 .429
Chicago
8
12 .400
Connecticut
6
14 .300
WESTERN CONFERENCE
W
L
Pct
Los Angeles
19
1 .950
Minnesota
17
4 .810
Dallas
9
12 .429
Phoenix
9
13 .409
Seattle
7
13 .350
San Antonio
5
16 .238
Wednesdays Games
Liberty 86, Atlanta 62
Connecticut 86, Indiana 64
Los Angeles 77, Chicago 67
Phoenix 78, Washington 74
Fridays Games
Liberty at Minnesota, 8 p.m.
Los Angeles at Connecticut, 7 p.m.
Atlanta at Indiana, 7 p.m.
Dallas at Chicago, 8:30 p.m.
Washington at Seattle, 10 p.m.
GB
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6{
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7
9
GB
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11
12
14{
TRANSACTIONS
M.L.B.
American League
DETROIT TIGERS Reinstated OF
Anthony Gose from the suspended list and
optioned him to Erie (EL) from Toledo (IL).
N.B.A.
MEMPHIS GRIZZLIES Signed F James
Ennis to a multiyear contract.
PHILADELPHIA 76ERS Signed Gs Jerryd
Bayless and Sergio Rodriguez.
N.F.L.
GREEN BAY PACKERS Signed RB
Brandon Ross.
N.H.L.
DETROIT RED WINGS Re-signed LW
Teemu Pulkkinen to a one-year contract.
EDMONTON OILERS Signed F Jesse
Puljujarvi to a three-year entry level
contract.
LAS VEGAS Named George McPhee
general manager.
NEW YORK RANGERS Agreed to terms
with F J.T. Miller.
TAMPA BAY LIGHTNING Signed F Cory
Conacher to a one-year, one-way contract.
M.L.S
MLS Suspended LA Galaxy MF Nigel de
Jong one additional match and fined him
an undisclosed amount for his foul in the
74th minute of a game against Vancouver
on July 4.
B11
BASEBALL
In a High-Tech Era, Teams Find It Useful to Talk With Their Hands

From First Sports Page
I think there are teams that are
really good, that if you got a very
simple set of signs, its very easy
to pick signs up, he said.
But reading signs is one thing;
decoding them is another.
One of the common tricks teams
use is an indicator touch that
alerts players of when a certain
play is on. For instance, touching a
certain spot before continuing
with a sign progression or forgoing that spot can tell a player
whether the sign is real or a decoy.
Other teams use someone in the
dugout to send the signs, rather
than a coach on the field.
But Jones said decoy signs are a
common tool of deception.
I would say 80 percent of the
Signs from coaches

to batters and
catchers to pitchers
allow quick changes.
time were giving dummy signs,
nothing is on, Jones said. And I
think I can say that leaguewide.
Signs can be reviewed in team
meetings and changed at any
time, even during a game. Glynn
said doing so could be accomplished with something as subtle
as a walk through the dugout.
It can be that simple, he said.
And you could still use the same
signs and just go in a different order.
Simple or complex, though,
signs are still missed. Banister
said that could be the result of hitters thinking more about hitting
than about looking for a sign, or
merely of the ability of a player to
separate the two and focus.
That ability can go back to player development, when minor
league teams put young players in
a variety of situations so they understand what managers might
ask them to do. A player who has
little experience with being asked
to bunt because he batted cleanup
in the minors might not be accustomed to the maneuver when
asked to bunt as a seventh- or
eighth-place hitter in the majors.
You have to make sure guys
SANTIAGO MEJIA/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Mets third-base coach Tim Teufel signaling to Curtis Granderson at first base in a game this month. Baseball signs were inspired by Civil War battlefield signals.
are not just one-dimensional
when they get to the major
leagues, Jones said. They have
to kind of fine-tune their whole
game in the minor leagues, which
is actually what its for, what player development is for.
Yankees third baseman Chase
Headley said that he had trained
himself to look for signs before
nearly every pitch.
Now, 97 percent of the time
theres nothing on, Headley said.
But youre checking to make sure
that theyre not putting anything
on. Obviously, if theres nobody on
base, theres nothing theyre going to give you. But theres guys
on base, you have to look over
there and see whats going on.
At the same time, the opposing
pitcher is working through his
own set of signs, each of them rehearsed with the catcher beforehand.
I think the first thought has to
be, What is pleasing to myself as
a pitcher? Dallas Braden, a former major league pitcher who
now works as an analyst for
ESPN, said of establishing a system of signs with a teammate.
And then we go to the catcher and

we talk about what he is comfortable with, because ultimately
youre a battery; you work together. So weve got to meet somewhere in the middle.
Yankees pitcher C. C. Sabathia
goes over his signs in a meeting
with his catcher before each start.
There, too, the signs can vary by
whim, or by a change in catcher
and with the knowledge that they
can be changed at any moment.
They get even more complicated
when there is a runner on second
base.
While Headley said some teams

were better at picking up signs
than others, Jones contended that
the practice of stealing signs was
not as common, or as successful,
as most might think.
Lot of people look, they try to
steal, Jones said. But I think
most of the time, they think they
might have them, but they normally dont have them.
In practice, the difficulty of
stealing signs, and then getting
them to a hitter in time to take advantage of the stolen knowledge,
can be problematic.
C YC L I N G T O U R D E F R A N C E
HOCKEY
Isles are Full-Time Focus

For New Majority Owner
Climber
Keeps Lead
On a Day
For Sprinters
By ALLAN KREDA
By IAN AUSTEN
MONTPELLIER, France
The 11th stage of the Tour de
France on Wednesday came just
before what was supposed to be a
major mountain test and featured
a route that was flat by the events
standards. So it was generally assumed that the races overall
leader, Chris Froome of Britain,
would keep out of trouble and
leave things to the sprinters.
Instead, Froome, the leader of
Team Sky, surprised this years
Tour for a second time, following
up on his earlier stage win
through a daredevil mountain descent. Wednesdays stage of 162.5
kilometers, or 100 miles, from Carcassonne to Montpellier, ended
with a sprint between Froome and
Peter Sagan, the current world
champion.
Sagan, who was wearing the
green jersey of the best sprinter at
the Tour, handily won the duel. But
just the fact that Froome was up
there to finish second counts as an
achievement and a refutation of
critics who say his racing is too
calculated and risk averse. More
important for Froome, the successful split added a few more seconds to his overall lead.
Again, it was just another one
of those spur-of-the-moment kind
of things, Froome said after the
finish. When Sagan went, I
thought: Well, why not? Let me go
after him and see what happens.
Wind defined Wednesdays
race. A cross tailwind gusted at up
to 50 miles per hour and occasionally knocked over barriers and
other bits of infrastructure. The
wind, too, will redefine Thursdays stage. It was supposed to
finish on the summit of Mont Ventoux, which is known as the Giant
of Provence in cycling circles. But
that line has been moved.
Mont Ventoux is difficult
enough just for its grade and its
treeless, rocky final section, which
offers no relief from the sun. But
the winds of southern France often make it even more oppressive
for riders.
Interrupting a television interview with Froome, Christian Pru-
There is also the idea that baseball is a reactionary sport, and a

batter at the plate staring down a
major league pitcher might not be
interested in knowing what his
teammate on second thinks is
coming.
Youd love to have the answers
to the test, Braden said, but, I
mean, youve also gotten wrong
directions before, too, right?
Howd you feel when you
ended up 15 miles in the wrong direction? Well, thats what it feels
like when you miss a pitch by two
feet in front of 40,000 people.
CHRISTOPHE ENA/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The pack thinned during the 11th stage, on a windy stretch of about 100 miles to Montpellier.
YOAN VALAT/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Peter Sagan of Slovakia, left, sprinted to win the relatively flat

stage. The overall leader, Chris Froome, right, took second.
dhomme, the Tours director, said
that he had decided to stop Thursdays race six kilometers short of
the barren summit, given weather
forecasts predicting winds in excess of 60 miles per hour. As he
spoke, France Tlvisions showed
a photograph of a recreational cyclist being blown off his bike at the
Ventouxs summit.
It had been widely anticipated
that Froome would try to use the
climb to widen his lead over Nairo
Quintana, the Colombian climber
who is seen as his strongest challenger. But Froome played down
the significance of the shortened

climb.
I dont really think it changes
too much as the climb to Chalet
Reynard is tough already, he said,
referring to the site of the revised
finish line, which is sheltered from
the wind by a forest. It will be
even more intense because the
stage will be slightly shorter.
For a recreational cyclist, any
kind of a tailwind is a welcome
thing. On Wednesday, as in all professional races, it made for a particularly difficult day at work for
the riders.
Throughout the day, teams took

turns cranking up the pace at the
front, stringing out and fragmenting the field. While large numbers
of riders rejoined the main field
each time, its overall size gradually shrank.
As riders fought for position,
wheels were crossed and crashes
were frequent. The French favorite Thibaut Pinot ended up in a
ditch at one point.
As the teams battled one another farther behind, Arthur Vichot, the French champion, and
Leigh Howard of Australia went
on a two-man break. Vichot was
trying to give France its first stage
win of this Tour. It did not work.
After forming and driving a successful breakaway on Tuesday,
Sagan showed that he had not
worn himself out.
With 12 kilometers left, and a
twisty and tricky route into Montpellier looming, he attacked with
his teammate Maciej Bodnar. It
soon became a foursome with
Froome and his teammate Geraint Thomas that rapidly gained
time on the rest of the field, building up over 24 seconds. That
shrank to six seconds at the finish,
but no one was complaining.
Sagan, who also won the second
stage, said he was as surprised as
anyone else about how the day
turned out.
We are like artists, he said. It
just happens.
Jon Ledecky is not shy about

the paramount issues that will
face the Islanders next season, his
first as majority owner. He is focused on being accountable to
fans as expectations grow to improve on the teams first year at
Barclays Center.
Ledecky, a New York City native who took over the franchise
with Scott Malkin on July 1, spoke
enthusiastically at a luncheon in
Manhattan about the importance
of interaction.
If the fans arent happy, they
arent going to come, said
Ledecky, a former minority owner
of the Washington Capitals who
purchased the Islanders with
Malkin in 2014 from Charles
Wang. Successful franchises
have this connection with their
fan base. They listen and they try
to make improvements. They
dont pay lip service.
The Islanders are coming off a
campaign that saw them win a
playoff series for the first time
since 1993. When John Tavares,
the teams captain, scored to eliminate the Florida Panthers in the
opening round, Barclays Center
reverberated with the same raucous cheers that shook Nassau
Coliseum, the teams former
home. It was a moment that resonated with the 58-year-old
Ledecky, who grew up listening to
hockey games on a radio stashed
under his pillow.
That was the first time I felt we
were in a new home, that particular game, he said. I love the emotion of Islander fans. They want a
winner. They want to know you
will spend to the cap to build a winner, which we are willing to do.
Ledeckys stance is a far cry
from Wangs penurious tenure,
during which the Islanders rarely
sought out high-priced free
agents. The franchise has tried to
build through the draft, and only
in recent years has it been willing
to spend to attract free agents.
Earlier this month, left wing Andrew Ladd signed a seven-year,
$38.5 million contract to help offset the losses of Kyle Okposo,
Frans Nielsen and Matt Martin,
who all left via free agency.
There were expected problems
last season in Brooklyn: subpar
ice conditions, inconsistent train
schedules to and from Long Island
early in the season, and game-day
skates at Barclays Center, which
the team stopped in January be-
ALEX GOODLETT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Jon Ledecky is focusing on the

fans in his first season as the
Islanders majority owner.
cause it preferred to practice on
Long Island.
Ledecky said train schedules
would continue to improve and be
on par with improved service that
handled playoff crowds.
Ledecky also addressed complaints that Sparky, the fan-favorite dragon mascot, appeared in
Brooklyn for only a few games.
We have insisted as new owners we want Sparky there as many
times as possible, he said. If the
presence of Sparky brings a smile
to 50 more kids faces, and they
say, I want to go back to an
Islanders game and see Sparky
again, then we have 50 new fans.
Ledecky vowed to be as handson and communicative as possible, a sentiment espoused by Brett
Yormark, the chief executive of
Barclays Center. And he insisted
more would be done to attract potential fans from the teams home
borough plus Manhattan,
Queens and Long Island to experience a game in Brooklyn.
Ledecky is embracing his more
visible job after spending two
years observing the club and waiting to take control from Wang,
who remains a minority owner.
The Islanders are a full-time
focus for me as an owner,
Ledecky said. There are ways
big and small you can move the
needle just by being accessible. I
want to be someone fans can talk
to and tell me whats wrong.
SLAP SHOTS
The Islanders signed the restricted free-agent forward ALAN
QUINE to a two-year contract.
B12
PRO FOOTBALL
Appeals Court Denies Bradys Request for Review of His Suspension

By KEN BELSON
Tom Brady, the New England

Patriots quarterback, is all but
guaranteed to start the season on
the sideline after a federal appeals
court on Wednesday denied his request to review his four-game suspension for his role in a scheme to
deflate footballs.
The decision, announced in a
one-page notice by the United
States Court of Appeals for the
Second Circuit, may also put an
end to one of the most widely
watched and embarrassing scandals in the history of the N.F.L.
The case, which began in January
2015, raised awkward and unseemly questions about the powers of the commissioner and the
motivations of one of the most
decorated players in league history.

Brady can still ask the Supreme
Court to hear his appeal to have
his suspension overturned, but
given the timetable of the court,
and the fact that the season begins
in less than two months, the
chances of any relief coming before opening day are remote.
That would be an extremely
long shot, and, of course, could not
be finally resolved soon, even
were the justices to hear the appeal, said Carl Tobias, a law professor at the University of Richmond.
As a result, it is all but certain
that the Patriots will be led by the
little-tested backup quarterback
Jimmy Garoppolo when they
open their season on Sept. 11
against the Cardinals in Arizona.

Brady will be able to attend training camp and play during the preseason, but he would have to remain away from the team and its
training facility and stadium starting Sept. 3.
He could rejoin the team during
the fifth week of the season, when
the Patriots play the Browns in
Cleveland.
The case began at the A.F.C.
championship game on Jan. 18,
2015, when officials determined
that some game balls used by the
Patriots were underinflated, presumably to make it easier for
Brady to grip them in the wet
weather. An investigation by the
league determined that Brady
had been generally aware of a
plot, involving Patriots staff mem-
A star quarterback
may miss four games
over Deflategate.
bers, to deliberately deflate the
balls.
N.F.L. Commissioner Roger
Goodell suspended Brady for four
games, and he upheld his own decision when Brady appealed the
suspension. Brady sued in federal
court to have the decision overturned, arguing that the commissioner was a biased arbitrator,
that the penalty had never been
made explicit in the N.F.L. rules
and that the commissioner had
used a different standard when

deciding to uphold his first ruling.
In a surprise ruling, Brady won
that case. The N.F.L., however,
was able to persuade a threejudge panel in the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit to
overturn the ruling. Bradys request to have the case reheard in
front of a full panel of judges was
denied, despite the support of a
number of leading legal minds
who wrote briefs on his behalf.
While the N.F.L. will no doubt
view Wednesdays decision as a
victory and an affirmation of the
commissioners broad powers to
mete out punishment to players
he deems to have hurt the leagues
image, the case continues to divide fans. It was widely viewed as
a farce because the league spent
millions of dollars fighting a successful franchise and a celebrated

star who had helped lead his team
to four Super Bowl titles.
The N.F.L. declined to comment
on the courts decision.
The N.F.L. Players Association
said it was reviewing its options
but did not specify whether it
would appeal to the Supreme
Court.
In a statement, the players union said that Goodell had made
clear violations of our collective
bargaining agreement.
Despite todays result, the
track record of this league office
when it comes to matters of player
discipline is bad for our business
and bad for our game, the union
said. We have a broken system
that must be fixed.
O LY M P I C S
House Panel
Urges Action
On Doping
By I.O.C.
By REBECCA R. RUIZ
United States lawmakers wrote

to the International Olympic Committee this week, urging officials
to seize crucial and timely opportunities to combat doping and
clean up global sports ahead of the
Rio de Janeiro Games next month.
In a letter sent Tuesday, the
House Committee on Energy and
Commerce, which has jurisdiction
over international sports, expressed concerns about allegations of systematic doping in Russia and, more broadly, conflicts of
interest within the global antidoping effort.
The three-page letter, which did
not make specific requests, expressed support for certain recent
actions taken by the I.O.C. and the
World Anti-Doping Agency.
The committee applauded
WADA for having initiated an investigation into accusations of
cheating by Russia at the 2014 Sochi Olympics and the I.O.C. for
having announced plans to re-examine the structure of the antidoping system. Thomas Bach, the
president of the I.O.C., to whom
Tuesdays letter was addressed,
said last month that he wanted to
make WADA more independent,
and he announced a summit on
the topic on Oct. 8. WADA is
funded by sports organizations
and national governments, including the United States.
In the letter, the committee said,
These efforts appear to signal
the beginning of a serious commitment to ensure clean sport and allay some of the concerns ex-
A committee pushes
for a cleanup before
the Summer Games.
pressed by this committee as well
as others.
Last month, the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and
Transportation expressed similar
concerns, posing several questions to WADA to which the
agency responded last week, saying it had no clear authority to
immediately undertake investigations of whistle-blowers claims
about Russian doping.
The results of the independent
Sochi investigation commissioned
by WADA are expected Monday. If
the accusations of cheating made
by a former longtime director of
Russias antidoping lab are proven true, WADA has indicated it
may recommend barring Russia
entirely from Rio.
Last month, Russias track and
field team was barred from the
Games by officials of the sport,
and the I.O.C. has called on other
sports organizations to scrutinize
Olympians from Russia and Kenya another country accused of
widespread doping ahead of the
Summer Games.
We need assurances from
sports international governing
bodies in the form of decisive actions, not just words, the House
committees letter said. The failure to do so is simply irresponsible, and we will not remain silent.
The letter was signed by four
congressional representatives:
Fred Upton, Republican of Michigan, and chairman of the House
committee; Frank Pallone Jr.,
Democrat of New Jersey and
ranking minority member; Tim
Murphy, Republican of Pennsylvania; and Diana DeGette, Democrat of Colorado.
If these and other concerns are
not effectively addressed, the
lawmakers wrote, both WADAs
purpose and the confidence
placed in it by clean athletes and
their supporters around the world
could be seriously undermined.
Katie Uhlaender, at the EXOS training gym in Phoenix last month, is focusing on the 2018 Games in South Korea, while questioning the results of 2014 in Sochi.
A Fourth-Place Finisher in Sochi Is Seeking the Truth

track and field athletes from the
Rio Games. WADA has said that if
the allegations prove true, it will
consider recommending all Russian athletes be barred from competition; Russias sports minister,
Vitaly Mutko, said he would resign if such a ban were imposed.
In an interview in Moscow this
week, Mr. Mutko denied that the
government had been involved in
any scheme, but expressed concern that his deputy was accused
of giving Dr. Rodchenkov direct
orders.
Mr. Mutko was alternately confident in Russias athletes and contrite about their attitudes toward
performance-enhancing drugs.
We have to persuade people you
can win without doping, he said.
Its the culture. Its a problem.
Waiting for the Sochi inquiry to
conclude, Ms. Uhlaender, who will
turn 32 next week, has fought to
keep her focus on the next Winter
Olympics, in 2018 in South Korea.
Still, she is concerned that sports
officials will fail to deliver the rigorous and decisive result she
craves.
Im worried Sochi will be forgotten, and it scares me, she said.
Rodchenkov said he tampered
with the samples, and there are
rules against that. I just want to
see them follow the rules.
Ms. Uhlaender is training in the
desert, spending her days lifting
weights in Arizona with fellow
professional athletes at a highperformance gym and sprinting
alongside dozens of other
Olympians, mostly track and field
athletes preparing for Rio.
Between workouts, there is conversation of all kinds about
high-fat diets, Game of Thrones,
the price of gas but there is little
mention of the allegations of widespread doping by the Russians.
Ms. Uhlaender said she had
talked about the situation twice
with her coach. What are you going to do about it? he asked her
before moving on.
The worst thing I can do is talk
about it, she said over a chicken
lettuce wrap and four shots of
espresso. When not training, she
meditates; works in education for
a traumatic brain injury center,
having recovered from a concussion herself; watches Netflix; and
exchanges texts with two Navy
POOL PHOTO BY MIKHAIL KLIMENTYEV
Elena Nikitina, third in skeleton, received an award from Russian President Vladimir V. Putin.
SEAL friends who have helped
keep her tough, she said.
When I come to train, I dont
want drama, she said, fiddling
with a National League championship ring belonging to her father, the former baseball player
Ted Uhlaender. The ring, which
she tucks into the back of her
sports bra as she works out, hangs
on a silver chain alongside a tiny
baseball charm that holds his
ashes.
One of the few people Ms. Uhlaender has talked to about the
doping scandal in recent months
is Ms. Nikitina, her Russian competitor. In May, days after Dr. Rodchenkovs account became public,
Ms. Uhlaender and Ms. Nikitina
exchanged more than a dozen
messages on Facebook.
Ms. Nikitina expressed shock at
Dr. Rodchenkovs statements.
We all think this is politics! she
wrote. We basically joke about
it.
She added: Each athlete sure
of himself! As we say in Russia,
Such complex situations make us
stronger.
Ms. Nikitina, who did not respond to messages from The
Times, told Ms. Uhlaender her
name was not on Dr. Rodchenkovs spreadsheet, and she

emphasized the sacrifices she had
made to train twice a day to become a better athlete.
When Ms. Uhlaender asked if
Russian Olympians had doped at
Sochi, Ms. Nikitina said that she
could speak only for skeleton racers, and that the answer was no.
Dr. Rodchenkovs spreadsheet
listed five Russian skeleton athletes,
including
Alexander
Tretyakov, who won gold at the
Games.
Asked about the allegations this
year, the Russian Bobsled and
Skeleton Federation wrote in an
email that all of its athletes underwent
doping
control
procedures in accordance to the
rules, adding, All of them were
clean, and not one positive result
was found.
Mr. Mutko said in Moscow this
week that Mr. Tretyakov and
other accused athletes had long
careers with clean histories.
These athletes didnt appear in
sport all of a sudden, he said. No
whiskey would be enough to stop
them, he said, referring to the
mixture of steroids and liquor that
Dr. Rodchenkov said he developed
and distributed to coaches to help

Russian athletes absorb drugs
more quickly before traveling to
international competitions for
testing.
Mr. Mutko said, however, that if
Mr. McLarens inquiry proved Dr.

Rodchenkovs account true, the
athletes in question would be disciplined.
I am not on the list! Ms.
Nikitina wrote to Ms. Uhlaender
in a recent exchange. I hope that
the truth will prevail! And the perpetrators of this scandal will be
punished!
Medalists like Ms. Nikitina received high praise for their performance at Sochi. After the
Games, President Vladimir V.
Putin presented Ms. Nikitina, a
first-time Olympian, with a state
award, the Order for Merit to the
Fatherland.
Your amazing debut, Mr.
Putin said in a public statement to
Ms. Nikitina at the time, met the
expectations of your fans, coaches
and teammates.
Regardless of what may come
of the investigation, Ms. Uhlaender called herself more determined than ever to work toward
the only major title she has yet to
capture in her 13-year career. I
want to win Korea, she said. If
Im first, Ill know no one ahead of
me doped.
She said she felt sympathy for
Ms. Nikitina, whether or not the
claims against her were substantiated. Shes going through something, too, Ms. Uhlaender said.
The shininess has been dulled for
both of us.
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GOLF BRITISH OPEN
Talk Turns Toward Rio,

And How Players Stand
By BILL PENNINGTON
ANDY BUCHANAN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE GETTY IMAGES
Players practicing at Royal Troon on Wednesday. Some reflected on Ivor Robsons dulcet delivery and businesslike approach.
A New Voice (or Two) Will Start a New Era

With the first tee time of the opening two rounds generally about
6:30 a.m. and the last one after 4
p.m., it was an immense accomplishment, to be sure, but also not
one that Lancaster felt good about
repeating.
I believe the vocal cords need
to be soothed by drinking water at
some point, Lancaster said,
laughing. Fortunately, the R&A
understood.
One of Lancasters colleagues,
Matt Corker, will take a few turns
at the microphone throughout the
day, although Lancaster is expected to do the bulk of the work.
The switch from Robson to Lancaster (and Corker) will be jarring
to many of the players, particularly those who play on the European Tour. Several said they appreciated Robsons businesslike
approach to the first tee greeting the players, introducing them
and getting them down the fairway with expediency but also
noted that his inimitable cadence
made them feel, somehow, at
home.
Describing Robsons intonation
is difficult. It is measured and deliberate, to be sure, and there is a
melodious quality to its high pitch
but also an inevitable rising that
sometimes approaches a controlled screech.
JULIAN HERBERT/THE R&A
David Lancaster, right, will be the primary starter on the first tee
of the British Open. Matt Corker, left, will step in when needed.
Paul Dunne, an Irish golfer who
stunned the sport by leading last
years Open after three rounds despite being an amateur (he has
since turned professional), said it
was a career thrill for him to hear
his name announced by Robson.
But he chuckled slyly as he mulled
the best way to describe it.
It is basically like what you
would sound like if someone
stamped on your toe with a football boot just as you were about to
say the name, Dunne said.
Zach Johnson, who was one of
the final names Robson called

since he took part in (and won) the
playoff at St. Andrews, said: It
just wont be the same this year.
That voice its just part of golf
over here.
Robson will be at Troon this
week, as an invited guest of the
R&A. He told The Daily Record, a
British newspaper, that he did not
plan to spend much time around
the first tee, an understandable
sentiment since he has attended
four decades of Opens but seen
very little of them beyond each
players first drive.

I just wouldnt like it if people
felt like I was checking up on the
new starters or on what was going
on, Robson said.
Lancaster said he had spoken
with Robson in hopes of gleaning
some tips on his new assignment,
but the guidance is relatively
clear. The job is not complex: Be
clear, be quick and get the players
moving yet Robsons longevity
has certainly given it more gravity.
Lancasters primary concern,
of course, is simply making sure
he says every players name correctly. He refused to identify any
names he was particularly anxious about though, with players
like Joost Luiten and Kiradech
Aphibarnrat in the field, it isnt
hard to guess. He planned to
spend Wednesday immersed in
preparation, which was expected
to include visits to the driving
range or putting green to ask certain players for a quick lesson on
their preferred pronunciation.
After that, he will be ready.
There have been no rehearsals for
him, Lancaster said; he has not
even practiced much in front of a
mirror. But on Thursday morning,
he will take the microphone and
begin a new era at the Open with a
new voice.
Its impossible to emulate
Ivor, he said. So all I can do is be
myself.
NBC Has the Stars, if Not at the Olympics

When the British Open begins
Thursday at Royal Troon in
Scotland, the links will be played
by some of the worlds top
golfers, like Jason Day, Jordan
Spieth and Rory
McIlroy. Their
presence might lift
NBC and Golf
Channel as they
TV
begin televising
SPORTS
the least-viewed
major for the first time.
But Day, Spieth, McIlroy and
others are not heading to the
Summer Olympics in Rio de
Janeiro, in large part because of
concerns about the Zika virus.
Golf Channel will most likely be
hurt without their star power as
golf returns to the Olympics for
the first time since 1904. McIlroy
is an unrepentant non-Olympian,
saying this week that he would
watch the stuff that matters
from Rio, but probably not golf.
Mark Lazarus, chairman of the
NBC Sports Group, said Monday
that McIlroy and the others
would regret not going to Rio. He
compared their refusals to those
of tennis players like John McEnroe, who did not play when tennis returned to the Olympics in
1988 after a 64-year absence. The
top American players who chose
not to play in Seoul, South Korea,
that year were largely unenthusiastic about Olympic tennis, not
fearful of a virus.
I think these gentlemen will
look back on this and say that
they wished they had
participated, Lazarus said during a pre-Olympics event in
Manhattan on Monday. As for
the impact it has on us, there will
be 60 male golfers there. Many of
the top 30 will be there.
With mens Olympic golf not
starting until Aug. 11, NBC and
Golf Channel will be focused on
the British Open, or, as the
events organizer, the R&A,
prefers, the Open Championship.
NBC was temporarily out of
golfs majors when it lost the
rights to the United States Open
to Fox after the 2014 tournament.
DRUG TESTING TALK Rory McIlroy
has been making news in other

ways this week. On Tuesday, he
also called for golf to have more
stringent drug-testing regulations, saying the sport was far behind the drug-testing protocols of
other sports and relied too often
on urine tests instead of blood
tests.
I think if golf is in the Olympics
and golf wants to be seen as a
GLYN KIRK/A.F.P. GETTY IMAGES
Rory McIlroy practicing at

Royal Troon. He is among the
top golfers not heading to Rio.
mainstream sport as such, it has
to get in line with the other sports
that test more rigorously, McIlroy said.
Martin Slumbers, the chief executive of the R&A, which organizes the Open and helps govern
the sport, on Wednesday indicated that there may be new drugtesting procedures coming in
golfs future.
Our belief is that we should be
as a sport right at the highest level
of standards around antidoping,
Slumbers said. And thats something that the tours and ourselves
are privately talking about behind
closed doors. Its not a matter for
public discussion.
SOFTER COURSE Multiple
players visiting and practicing at
Royal Troon this week have commented that the courses fairways
are soft compared with the customary firm and bouncy British
Open conditions. The blame goes
to an especially wet Scottish winter, which appears to have mildly
irked event officials who were
hoping for the usual unrelenting
conditions.
At one point during winter I
think there were six fairways
completely under water, said
Martin Slumbers. We were
pumping about a million gallons of
water off a week. So I mean the
grounds team here at Royal Troon
has done an absolutely outstanding job to get it to this position.
But on Tuesday night and
Wednesday morning, there were
significant rainstorms again.
A few weeks ago, it was a little
bit browner, a little bit firmer,
Slumbers said. But Mother Nature is one thing we cant control.
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TROON, Scotland The recent

withdrawals by several top
players from the 2016 Rio
Olympics
golf
competition
continued to be a frequent topic of
conversation Wednesday on the
eve of the 2016 British Open. Even
the players who have committed
to playing in the Rio Games were
forced to comment on those who
have declined to go, a group that
now includes the top four golfers
in the world: Jason Day, Dustin
Johnson, Jordan Spieth and Rory
McIlroy.
Its obviously disappointing, of
course it is, said Justin Rose, who
will be competing at the Olympics
for Britain. Theres no point lying
about that. But I totally respect
and understand their perspective
and their decision, and it obviously comes down to personal reasons and that you have to respect.
But Ive been fairly unwavering in my commitment to it, and
havent really second-guessed it
too much.
Rose was also asked about
McIlroys harsh rebuke of golf in
the Olympics on Tuesday, when
McIlroy said he would probably
not watch the Olympic golf tournament next month. Asked which
events he would watch, McIlory
answered: Probably the events
like track and field, swimming,
diving the stuff that matters.
Rose tried to give McIlroy the
benefit of the doubt.
Hopefully, slip of the tongue,
you know what I mean? Rose
said. One of those moments.
Yeah, Im not personally taking
too much on board by that comment.
Rose was also asked how winning a gold medal would compare
to winning a major golf championship, something Rose did at the
2013 United States Open.
I dont think you can compare
the two, he replied. I think if I
were to fast forward 10 years, Id
like my career to read, Justin
Rose, multiple major champion
and Olympic gold medalist.
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Jason Day signed autographs at Royal Troon Golf Club before the British Open. Several top
golfers, including Day and Jordan Spieth, right, have decided not to compete at the Olympics.
But it recovered last year by
agreeing with the R&A on a
12-year deal, for about $50 million annually, to carry the British
Open. It was originally scheduled
to take over from ESPN in 2017.
For NBC, the tournament became another British event it
could add to its successful Premier League contract.
The British Open arrangement
was accelerated to this year
when ESPN gave up its lameduck year. ESPN was setting its
priorities favoring properties
like the N.B.A., the United States
Open in tennis and UEFA Euro
2020 and deciding that the
prestigious but unprofitable
Open deal was disposable.
A major beneficiary of the
move is Mike Tirico, the longtime
ESPN anchor who is bringing his
extensive British Open experience to NBC.
From the start, he said, it
found a very special place in my
soul, and it stayed that way. Last
year, when we left St. Andrews,
we had an idea that it might be
our last one, and I was thinking
about how brutal this week
would have been without being
there.
Martin Slumbers, the R&As
chief executive, said the primary
reason for moving the British
Open to NBC Universal was to

put the event in front of a
broader audience. ESPN felt no
need for a live broadcast partner.
Much of what was once on ABC
Sports, like college bowl games,
moved to ESPN, although events
like the N.B.A. finals are shown
on ABC. The early morning start
of the British Open hurts its
audience, regardless of whether
it is on cable or broadcast TV.
But no final round on ESPN,
during its solo reign since 2010,
has approached the average of
5.5 million viewers who saw
Stewart Cink defeat Tom Watson
in a playoff in 2009 on ABC. NBC
is not expected to draw an audience nearly as large on Sunday,
but it is likely to exceed the 2.8
million who saw last years raindelayed final round and playoff
won by Zach Johnson on a Monday.
In the pairing of NBC and Golf
Channel, the R&A saw a chance
to ally itself with a major broadcast network and a niche cable
network devoted to golf even
though it has notably fewer
subscribers than ESPN.
Our desire was to increase
the profile of the Open Championship in the United States,
Slumbers said in a recent phone
interview. We saw how they
could bring their love of golf and

their ability to tell a great story.
Golf Channel will start its
coverage of the first two rounds
at 1:30 a.m. Eastern, two and a
half hours earlier than ESPN did,
and wrap up at 4 p.m.
Lets give golf fans what they
have always wanted, right?
Molly Solomon, Golf Channels
executive producer, said during a
conference call this week. Its
from the very first tee shot to the
last putt.
Royal Troon is, of course, part
of the Arnold Palmer legend. He
won his second consecutive (and
last) British Open title there in
1962, the first year of ABC
Sportss coverage of the tournament. He was also an original
investor in Golf Channel, with
Joe Gibbs, and maintains a minor stake in it, he said. The network is almost always on at his
office and home. Didnt you
expect it would be? he asked,
with a laugh.
He expects the British Open to
be more exciting than the
Olympics, with Day, McIlroy,
Spieth and the others not playing
in Rio.
Im sorry the situation has
arisen, he said. Its sad. But
theres nothing we can do about
it.
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(3650)
MARSHAL'S EXECUTION SALE

RE NYC Parking Violations bureau
vs. Various Judgement Debtors.
Arthur Vigar, Auct'r #767619 Sells
For City Marshal Howard J. Schain,
Sat 07/16/2016, 9:30am Ken Ben Inc,
Pennsylvania
364 Maspeth Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211.
88 FORD
1FABP42EXJF139545
PA - 685 ACRES IN NORTH EAST PA
SALVAGE
LOCATED BETWEEN WILKES- 03 HONDA
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BARRE & ALLENTOWN ON RT 115 99 INFINITI
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12 NISSAN
1N4AL2AP9CC170966
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2600 02 NISSAN
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Government
03 HONDA
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02 INFINITI
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05 CHRYSLER
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Salary: $46,101 - $104,328, dep.
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NISSAN
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gible to work in the U.S. FBI investiga2HKRL18623H505185
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95 TOYOTA
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SALVAGE
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03 CHEVY
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have college degree & emphasis on 91 HONDA
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age, email resume, cover letter with 98 HONDA
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salary history & references to
Right, Title, & Interest In & To
dbernstein@fordhamroadbid.org by
Inspect Hour Prior to Sale.
August 12, 2016. No phone calls or walk
For Cash Only. Howard J. Schain,
ins.
City Marshal Badge #83
Tel: (718) 330-0242
PHYSICIAN
PUBLICATION SALES: re Parking
Part-time Orthopedist or Occupational
Medicine Physician to work 20 hours a Violations Bureau vs Various Judgment
week in our multi-location multi- spe- Debtors. Fred McKeithan, Lic #844893
cialty medical group performing work- Will sell at KEN BEN INDUSTRIES LTD
364 Maspeth Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11221
er's compensation permanency evaOn Sat. 07/16/16 At 11:00 AM, With
luations. Must be able to correlate mulViewing at 10:30AM or
tiple medical records and dictate conthere after r/t/t in and to the following
cise, meaningful reports for use in
Vehicles for Linda Swift
worker's compensation court. Please
or any other City Marshall
e-mail CV, with salary requirements,
02 FORD
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to: debbym@optonline.net
99 HOND
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or fax 973-279-4773
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06 FORD
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Linda Swift City Marshall #77
(212) 925-2005. Cash only
www.685acres.com
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orth
o
O
Orlando
New
Orleans
Hou
ouston
80s
Tampa
a
Corpus Christi
C
90s
70s
Nassau
Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time.
TODAYS HIGHS
Fa
Fa
Fairbanks
<0
70s
Anchorage
Anchora
Anchor
e
0s
10s
20s
60s
Juneau
eau
COLD
WARM
50s
STATIONARY COMPLEX
COLD
FRONTS
30s
40s
PRESSURE
MOSTLY
CLOUDY
SHOWERS T-STORMS
L
Cool
Comfortable
Dry H
Sizzling
Thunderstorms will be widespread across the Southeast as the air mass remains very
humid. Extreme heat will build over the southern High Plains. Strong thunderstorms
will spread across the northern Plains and Midwest.
Cities
High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4
p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in
inches) for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
Expected conditions for today and tomorrow.
C ....................... Clouds
F ............................ Fog
H .......................... Haze
I............................... Ice
PC........... Partly cloudy
R ........................... Rain
Sh ................... Showers
United States
Albany
Albuquerque
Anchorage
Atlanta
Atlantic City
Austin
Baltimore
Baton Rouge
Birmingham
Boise
Boston
Buffalo
Burlington
Casper
Charlotte
Chattanooga
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Colorado Springs
Columbus
Concord, N.H.
Dallas-Ft. Worth
Denver
Des Moines
Detroit
El Paso
Fargo
Hartford
Honolulu
Houston
Indianapolis
Jackson
Jacksonville
Kansas City
Key West
Las Vegas
Lexington
Yesterday
85/ 71 0
85/ 70 0
85/ 67 0
84/ 63 0
82/ 68 0
88/ 70 0.03
80/ 67 0.54
84/ 66 0
S ............................. Sun
Sn ....................... Snow
SS......... Snow showers
T .......... Thunderstorms
Tr ........................ Trace
W ....................... Windy
.............. Not available
Today
88/ 75 PC
85/ 74 PC
89/ 72 PC
84/ 68 PC
84/ 73 PC
91/ 75 PC
92/ 73 T
85/ 71 PC
Tomorrow
92/ 73 PC
90/ 72 PC
91/ 70 PC
89/ 64 PC
89/ 71 PC
93/ 74 PC
92/ 71 PC
90/ 69 PC
Yesterday
Today
89/ 71 0
86/ 68 T
98/ 65 0
98/ 69 S
72/ 56 0
72/ 59 PC
92/ 74 0
93/ 74 T
81/ 75 0
87/ 77 PC
99/ 76 0
99/ 76 PC
83/ 72 0.33 95/ 75 T
94/ 76 0.30 93/ 76 T
92/ 75 0
95/ 74 T
82/ 56 0
91/ 60 S
90/ 68 0
84/ 71 PC
87/ 73 0
80/ 68 T
91/ 73 0
87/ 69 PC
84/ 44 0
85/ 45 PC
96/ 73 0
97/ 72 T
97/ 74 0.05 96/ 73 PC
86/ 71 0.63 86/ 66 PC
91/ 73 0.05 83/ 69 T
91/ 73 0.05 87/ 69 T
90/ 57 0
83/ 55 T
90/ 72 0.09 83/ 68 T
92/ 66 0
86/ 67 PC
97/ 79 0
98/ 78 PC
91/ 55 0
86/ 58 PC
84/ 66 0.59 86/ 62 S
91/ 73 0
88/ 66 PC
106/ 76 0
107/ 76 S
72/ 57 0.03 68/ 53 R
90/ 69 0
86/ 70 PC
88/ 76 0.02 88/ 77 PC
96/ 78 0
96/ 78 PC
89/ 72 0.34 84/ 68 T
94/ 74 0
95/ 74 PC
94/ 74 0
94/ 74 T
81/ 67 0.98 87/ 65 PC
91/ 81 0.02 90/ 82 PC
107/ 81 0
109/ 83 S
90/ 73 0.13 86/ 70 T
Tomorrow
89/ 65 PC
98/ 69 PC
71/ 56 PC
90/ 72 T
89/ 75 S
99/ 74 PC
94/ 73 PC
91/ 74 T
90/ 72 T
89/ 55 S
92/ 70 T
79/ 62 PC
86/ 65 PC
85/ 50 S
93/ 70 T
90/ 70 T
77/ 61 PC
83/ 63 T
83/ 64 PC
82/ 57 T
84/ 63 PC
92/ 63 PC
97/ 79 PC
88/ 60 T
81/ 63 PC
82/ 59 PC
106/ 77 PC
75/ 55 T
93/ 67 PC
88/ 76 Sh
97/ 78 PC
82/ 61 PC
90/ 72 T
93/ 72 T
85/ 67 PC
90/ 81 PC
109/ 83 S
84/ 67 T
Little Rock
Los Angeles
Louisville
Memphis
Miami
Milwaukee
Mpls.-St. Paul
Nashville
New Orleans
Norfolk
Oklahoma City
Omaha
Orlando
Philadelphia
Phoenix
Pittsburgh
Portland, Me.
Portland, Ore.
Providence
Raleigh
Reno
Richmond
Rochester
Sacramento
Salt Lake City
San Antonio
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
San Juan
Seattle
Sioux Falls
Spokane
St. Louis
St. Thomas
Syracuse
Tampa
Toledo
Tucson
Tulsa
Virginia Beach
Washington
Wichita
Wilmington, Del.
Africa
Algiers
Cairo
Cape Town
Dakar
Johannesburg
Nairobi
Tunis
Asia/Pacific
Baghdad
Bangkok
Beijing
Damascus
Hong Kong
Jakarta
Jerusalem
Karachi
Manila
Mumbai
95/
82/
92/
95/
91/
92/
85/
95/
96/
91/
97/
89/
94/
85/
110/
86/
82/
79/
86/
94/
94/
94/
95/
99/
90/
99/
75/
73/
86/
85/
74/
86/
77/
97/
90/
92/
91/
90/
106/
97/
89/
90/
97/
81/
80
62
77
79
80
70
64
76
79
77
76
65
75
75
86
72
66
57
68
73
60
74
73
60
63
77
65
54
58
78
55
60
54
75
80
71
78
71
80
78
79
77
72
73
0
94/ 73 T
0
84/ 62 PC
0.05 86/ 73 T
0
92/ 75 T
0.15 91/ 80 PC
0.33 85/ 64 PC
0
72/ 59 PC
0
92/ 72 T
0.07 92/ 79 T
0.04 97/ 79 C
0
95/ 72 PC
0.05 87/ 63 PC
0
94/ 76 T
0.15 94/ 77 T
0
112/ 87 S
0.05 84/ 70 T
0
79/ 67 PC
0
81/ 56 S
0
82/ 72 PC
0
98/ 75 T
0
99/ 60 S
0.05 98/ 76 T
0
86/ 68 T
0
101/ 59 S
0
93/ 66 S
0
98/ 78 PC
0
77/ 65 PC
0
73/ 55 PC
0
86/ 58 S
0.10 87/ 78 PC
0
76/ 55 S
0
80/ 53 S
0
82/ 55 S
0.10 90/ 72 PC
0.18 89/ 80 Sh
0
87/ 68 T
0
90/ 78 T
0.09 87/ 64 PC
0
106/ 79 S
0.08 95/ 72 T
0.25 95/ 81 PC
0.13 96/ 78 T
0.12 85/ 68 T
0.99 93/ 74 T
Yesterday
84/ 65 0
99/ 77 0
81/ 50 0
86/ 74 0.01
62/ 37 0
68/ 51 0.01
92/ 72 0
60s
70s
80s
90s
90
Normal
highs
80
70
Normal
lows
100+
A warm day will prevail on Sunday, with

some sunshine and a high of 86. Monday
will be warm and humid, with more clouds
than sunshine. The high will be 88.
S S M T W T F S S M
TODAY
60
Actual
High
HIGH LOW
Highlight: The Weekend Outlook
JET STREAM
50s
Record
highs
100
SUNDAY
MONDAY .............................Some sunshine
Miami
Monterrey
80s
N.Y.C. region
New York City
Bridgeport
Caldwell
Danbury
Islip
Newark
Trenton
White Plains
SATURDAY ................................Partly sunny

A mix of clouds and sunshine will prevail.
It will remain very warm but should not be
quite as hot as Friday. No rain is expected.
J
Jacksonville
80s
8
s
Baton
o Rouge
San Antonio
Hilo
90s
Atlanta
Jackson
n
Mob
Mobile
M
bile
8
80s
80
Honolulu
lulu
u
70s
0s
100+
100+
Dallas
El Paso
80
80s
Colum
umb
bia
Lubbock
Tucson
Charlotte
Memphis
Little Rock
Albuquerq
que
100+
70s
0s
N
Norfolk
90s
0s
Raleigh
gh
90s
Santa Fe
Phoenix
Phoe
nix
ix
TOMORROW ................Partly sunny and hot

High 92. A ridge of high pressure building
to the south will bring a west-to-southwest flow of hot air across the region. This
will result in another humid day, with a
partly sunny sky.
Richm
chmond
Charleston
Charlest
e
Wichita
Lo Angeles
Los
TONIGHT ...................................Evening rain

Low 75. Any showers or thunderstorms
should dissipate in the evening. Another
sticky night is in store, with a mostly
cloudy sky.
Har
Hartford
a
Detroit
Omaha
60
60s
Po
Por
Portland
7
70
70s
Bos
Boston
Albany
Buffalo
Mil
Milwauk
Mi
kee
Sioux
o Falls
ls
70s
Reno
Manchester
h s
Toronto
nto
St. Paul
S
Pierre
Casper
Burlington
Burli
r
ton
Ottawa
Fa
Fargo
Boiise
H
Halifax
80s
Montreal
70s
H
Helena
TODAY ....................................Spotty storms

High 88. Expect periods of clouds and
sunshine as warm and humid conditions
continue across the region. There will be
a shower or thunderstorm in spots.
70s
0
Quebec
c
70s
Spoka
Spokane
Portla
and
and
Meteorology by AccuWeather
Today
83/ 62 S
99/ 76 S
66/ 52 S
86/ 78 S
63/ 35 S
69/ 51 C
85/ 69 S
Yesterday
Today
116/ 82 0
116/ 84 S
90/ 77 0.27 91/ 79 T
96/ 72 0
93/ 73 C
102/ 67 0
102/ 68 S
88/ 82 0.31 89/ 84 T
90/ 77 0
90/ 77 T
90/ 69 0
87/ 70 S
91/ 83 0
91/ 82 T
88/ 78 0.12 91/ 77 T
86/ 80 0.24 85/ 80 Sh
90/
82/
86/
90/
91/
73/
77/
87/
91/
93/
90/
81/
94/
95/
112/
86/
90/
76/
92/
93/
96/
91/
85/
97/
98/
98/
75/
75/
86/
86/
75/
78/
76/
86/
90/
85/
91/
82/
107/
89/
95/
94/
87/
91/
72
61
70
73
80
62
59
69
78
76
69
66
75
76
85
66
64
58
70
71
61
72
61
59
67
76
65
56
60
78
56
61
54
68
81
62
78
57
80
72
78
76
68
72
T
PC
T
T
PC
PC
PC
T
T
T
T
PC
T
PC
PC
PC
PC
PC
PC
T
S
T
PC
S
S
PC
PC
PC
S
PC
PC
PC
S
PC
PC
PC
T
PC
PC
T
T
PC
PC
PC
Tomorrow
81/ 59 S
99/ 76 S
59/ 43 Sh
85/ 77 PC
62/ 36 S
72/ 54 C
84/ 69 W
Tomorrow
116/ 83 S
92/ 78 C
84/ 69 PC
104/ 70 S
91/ 83 T
89/ 75 T
89/ 71 S
90/ 82 PC
91/ 77 T
86/ 78 Sh
RAIN
FLURRIES
SNOW
Low
National Forecast
Metropolitan Almanac
Showers and thunderstorms will erupt

along an advancing mass of slightly
cooler and less humid air in the East
today. The storms may be drenching and
gusty, especially from the middle part of
the Mississippi Valley to the central Appalachians and eastern Great Lakes.
Thunderstorms will affect southern New
England and the upper part of the Middle
Atlantic as steamy air holds over much of
the eastern third of the nation. Storms
may become severe in parts of the central Plains. Widely scattered storms will
dot the Southeast.
Much of the West can expect a dry and
sunny day. A few storms may develop
later in the afternoon over the Rockies.
Very spotty showers will stretch from
Minnesota to Washington State.
In Central Park for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
94/
111/
83/
96/
85/
56/
91/
95/
82/
83
83
73
80
80
45
81
75
75
0.43 94/ 81 T
0
109/ 86 S
0.06 87/ 72 PC
0.63 89/ 77 T
0.42 87/ 80 T
0.01 61/ 45 S
0.01 94/ 80 T
0
96/ 72 S
0.35 87/ 74 R
Record
lows
ICE
PRECIPITATION
New Delhi
Riyadh
Seoul
Shanghai
Singapore
Sydney
Taipei
Tehran
Tokyo
Forecast
range
High
91/
111/
85/
92/
87/
62/
95/
98/
81/
81
88
68
74
78
51
80
73
74
T
S
C
T
T
S
PC
S
Sh
Europe
Amsterdam
Athens
Berlin
Brussels
Budapest
Copenhagen
Dublin
Edinburgh
Frankfurt
Geneva
Helsinki
Istanbul
Kiev
Lisbon
London
Madrid
Moscow
Nice
Oslo
Paris
Prague
Rome
St. Petersburg
Stockholm
Vienna
Warsaw
Yesterday
66/ 53 0.36
93/ 74 0
72/ 59 0.25
64/ 52 0.08
88/ 67 0.02
68/ 56 0
61/ 47 0.07
62/ 47 0.16
70/ 55 0.35
64/ 55 0.19
70/ 57 0.01
86/ 73 0
86/ 66 0
81/ 60 0
66/ 52 0.20
85/ 61 0
81/ 61 0
90/ 70 0
66/ 57 0.45
66/ 52 0.17
75/ 56 0.26
86/ 69 0
72/ 59 0.09
68/ 57 0.05
76/ 61 0.61
73/ 63 0.72
Today
65/ 55 PC
95/ 76 S
65/ 54 Sh
66/ 49 Sh
73/ 54 C
68/ 58 Sh
64/ 54 PC
66/ 51 PC
68/ 53 Sh
63/ 48 Sh
72/ 55 PC
87/ 71 S
90/ 65 PC
92/ 71 S
69/ 53 PC
88/ 58 S
77/ 62 T
78/ 64 S
71/ 57 T
69/ 49 PC
60/ 50 Sh
84/ 62 PC
72/ 57 PC
70/ 56 T
66/ 53 Sh
70/ 54 R
Tomorrow
69/ 59 Sh
95/ 76 S
67/ 52 Sh
70/ 53 PC
75/ 56 PC
70/ 56 Sh
72/ 53 Sh
65/ 52 Sh
69/ 51 Sh
70/ 50 PC
65/ 58 R
90/ 73 S
89/ 64 T
91/ 69 S
70/ 60 PC
92/ 62 S
87/ 66 T
77/ 68 S
72/ 54 T
72/ 53 PC
64/ 49 Sh
78/ 64 W
75/ 60 Sh
64/ 55 T
68/ 56 Sh
67/ 53 Sh
North America
Acapulco
Bermuda
Edmonton
Guadalajara
Havana
Kingston
Martinique
Mexico City
Monterrey
Montreal
Nassau
Panama City
Quebec City
Santo Domingo
Toronto
Vancouver
Winnipeg
Yesterday
92/ 78 0
83/ 75 0.01
70/ 50 0
78/ 61 0
91/ 75 0
92/ 78 0.08
89/ 79 0
71/ 55 0.05
94/ 75 0
90/ 70 0
95/ 80 0.06
88/ 72 0.05
89/ 60 0
89/ 72 0.24
94/ 71 0
66/ 57 0
64/ 62 0.34
Today
91/ 75 T
84/ 78 PC
72/ 51 C
79/ 61 T
87/ 74 PC
90/ 79 PC
88/ 76 PC
74/ 54 T
99/ 75 PC
83/ 71 T
93/ 80 PC
86/ 75 T
83/ 66 T
89/ 72 T
87/ 68 T
69/ 57 PC
70/ 53 S
Tomorrow
89/ 77 T
85/ 77 PC
70/ 48 PC
79/ 61 T
91/ 73 PC
91/ 78 W
87/ 77 Sh
74/ 53 T
100/ 73 S
81/ 62 T
92/ 80 PC
86/ 75 T
76/ 60 T
89/ 72 PC
79/ 64 PC
70/ 59 PC
74/ 53 PC
South America
Buenos Aires
Caracas
Lima
Quito
Recife
Rio de Janeiro
Santiago
Yesterday
57/ 37 0
88/ 76 0.12
69/ 61 0
62/ 49 0.03
83/ 71 0.16
83/ 72 0
55/ 39 0.32
Today
57/ 41 PC
87/ 77 PC
71/ 60 PC
74/ 52 PC
82/ 72 Sh
84/ 72 PC
58/ 34 R
Tomorrow
56/ 39 PC
87/ 77 PC
71/ 59 S
75/ 52 C
84/ 73 PC
89/ 72 S
61/ 37 S
Temperature
Low
Precipitation (in inches)

Record
high 101
(1966)
100
85
1 p.m.
90
Normal
high 84
Yesterday ............... 0.00

Record .................... 3.16
For the last 30 days
Actual ..................... 3.43
Normal .................... 4.11
For the last 365 days
Actual ................... 39.58
Normal .................. 49.90
LAST 30 DAYS
80
Normal
low 69
70
71
6 a.m.
60
TUE.
YESTERDAY
12
a.m.
6
a.m.
Avg. daily departure

from normal
this month .............. 1.0
Humidity
High ........... 30.11 2 a.m.

Low ............ 30.08 2 p.m.
High ............. 80% 5 a.m.

Low.............. 60% 1 p.m.
Cooling Degree Days

An index of fuel consumption that tracks how
far the days mean temperature rose above 65
Record
low 54
(1888)
4
p.m.
Air pressure
12
4
p.m. p.m.
Avg. daily departure

from normal
this year ................ +1.8
Reservoir levels (New York City water supply)
Yesterday ................................................................... 13
So far this month ...................................................... 133
So far this season (since January 1)........................ 484
Normal to date for the season ................................. 423
Trends
Last
Temperature
Average
Below
Above
Precipitation
Average
Below
Above
10 days
30 days
90 days
365 days
Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation

trends compare with those of the last 30 years.
Yesterday ............... 91%

Est. normal ............. 91%
Recreational Forecast
Sun, Moon and Planets
Full
Last Quarter
Beach and Ocean Temperatures

New
First Quarter
Todays forecast
July 19
6:58 p.m.
Sun
RISE
SET
NEXT R
Jupiter
Saturn
R
S
S
R
July 26
5:37 a.m.
8:27 p.m.
5:38 a.m.
10:23 a.m.
11:07 p.m.
2:53 a.m.
5:15 p.m.
Aug. 2
4:45 p.m.
Aug. 10
Moon
S
R
S
Mars
S
R
Venus
R
S
1:42 a.m.
3:42 p.m.
2:17 a.m.
1:36 a.m.
4:08 p.m.
6:27 a.m.
9:06 p.m.
Cape Cod
80/71 Partly sunny, a shower
From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20

nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New
York Harbor.
Wind will be from the south at 6-12 knots. Waves will
be 2-4 feet on the ocean and 2 feet or less on Long
Island Sound and on New York Harbor. Visibility will be
under 3 miles in a shower or thunderstorm.
High Tides
4:25 p.m.
4:34 p.m.
5:12 p.m.
5:52 p.m.
8:06 p.m.
8:48 p.m.
5:20 p.m.
6:07 p.m.
8:20 p.m.
8:50 p.m.
4:34 p.m.
4:23 p.m.
8:09 p.m.
7:01 p.m.
8:45 p.m.
50s
L.I. North Shore

87/74 A thunderstorm in the area
L.I. South Shore
84/76 A thunderstorm in spots
Boating
Atlantic City ................... 3:42 a.m. ..............

Barnegat Inlet ................ 3:58 a.m. ..............
The Battery .................... 4:36 a.m. ..............
Beach Haven ................. 5:14 a.m. ..............
Bridgeport ..................... 7:46 a.m. ..............
City Island ...................... 8:34 a.m. ..............
Fire Island Lt. ................. 4:42 a.m. ..............
Montauk Point ................ 5:40 a.m. ..............
Northport ....................... 8:01 a.m. ..............
Port Washington ............ 8:34 a.m. ..............
Sandy Hook ................... 3:56 a.m. ..............
Shinnecock Inlet ............ 3:50 a.m. ..............
Stamford ........................ 7:49 a.m. ..............
Tarrytown ....................... 6:25 a.m. ..............
Willets Point ................... 8:31 a.m. ..............
Kennebunkport
77/68 A thunderstorm in the area
60s
N.J. Shore
87/77 A thunderstorm in spots
Eastern Shore
93/73 Partly sunny, humid
Ocean City Md.
90/75 Very humid
Virginia Beach
95/81 Partly sunny
70s
8
80s
Color bands
indicate water
temperature.
A southwest flow of air will bring a warm

and humid day to the beaches, with a mix
of clouds and sunshine and a shower or
thunderstorm in spots. Highs will range
from the mid-60s along the coast of
Maine to the low 90s around Virginia
Beach. There may be a thunderstorm in
the evening.
C1
MANJU SHANDLER
A close-up of one of the

pieces of Gesture by the
artist Manju Shandler.
Art Joins
Artifacts
At Museum
Of Sept. 11
By COLIN MOYNIHAN
For two years, the National September 11 Memorial Museum, built at

ground zero, has presented visitors
with a collection that reflects the moments of horror and heroism 15 years
ago when terrorists destroyed the
World Trade Center.
Now the museum is moving beyond
its array of mainly historical items to
include for the first time an exhibition
of artworks created as a response to
the attacks of Sept. 11.
The show, Rendering the Unthinkable: Artists Respond to 9/11, opens
Sept. 12 in the special exhibits gallery,
the inaugural use of that space. It will
include Tumbling Woman, a bronze
sculpture by Eric Fischl, a nearly
3,000-piece painting installation by
Manju Shandler representing each
victim of the attacks and two pieces by
Ejay Weiss that mix ash from the site
with black acrylic paint and that are
meant to evoke the collapse of the
towers.
The exhibition is evidence of the
museums interest in complementing
its collection of artifacts and archives
and an acknowledgment that expanding its scope could add visitors.
There was always the idea that the
museum would have a series of temporary exhibits, Alice M. Greenwald,
the museums director, said by phone
on Tuesday. Its a way to bring people
back to the museum for a second time,
and its a way to bring in people who
might not choose come otherwise.
It is also, she added, a way for the
museum to present a new perspective
of Sept. 11. Although the museum included one commissioned work, by
the artist Spencer Finch, when it
opened in 2014, it has functioned
mainly as a repository for material
that documents the attacks on the
World Trade Center.
More than 11,000 items, including
surveillance footage of the hijackers
passing through airports, homemade
posters seeking missing people and a
fire truck with a burned-out cab are
displayed in the almost entirely subterranean museum, built where the
foundations of the Twin Towers were
carved into the earth. That material,
sometimes resembling evidence presented in a criminal trial, can have an
overwhelming effect on visitors.
The pieces in the new exhibition are
meant to invite a quieter, more contemplative experience, Ms. Greenwald said. They show how individual
artists reacted to events on that day
and include occasional notes of optimism along with reflections of unContinued on Page 6
PHOTOGRAPHS BY HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES
A $300 Million Quest

To Restore Central Park
Countering Heavy Use
With a 10-Year Effort
By ROBIN POGREBIN
Above, Belvedere Castle. One aim is to restore

the original Central Park vision of Frederick Law
Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, much of it inspired
by the Adirondacks and the Catskills, as
depicted in art like Kindred Spirits, top.
Belvedere Castle in Central Park looks indestructible, a fortress of stone presiding over the Great Lawn.
But the 144-year-old-building leaks like a sieve.
Rain pours into the building, Douglas Blonsky, the
president and chief executive of the Central Park Conservancy, the parks private custodian, said on a recent
tour.
The Conservatory Garden on Fifth Avenue still
blooms with flowers, but the cracked paving hasnt
been touched since the 1930s, and its elegant geyser
fountain requires constant repairs on plumbing that
dates to the Robert Moses era.
The Ravine near 104th Street, with its rushing waterfall, has pools clogged with sediment and needs dredging.
Central Park this summer may seem a bucolic oasis,
and it is widely considered one of the nations most successful urban parks. Yet beneath the surface, experts
say, it is suffering the debilitating effects of time and
modern use, and it will decay further unless its historic

structures and landscapes are restored. On Thursday,
the Central Park Conservancy is set to announce an
ambitious 10-year, $300 million fund-raising and improvement effort.
The conservancys plan, Forever Green: Ensuring
the Future of Central Park, might sound excessive, an
effort by rich New Yorkers to spruce up their backyard
when other neighborhoods are in dire need of better
open spaces. Only four years ago the conservancy received $100 million from the hedge fund manager John
A. Paulson. But others argue that the park has been a
victim of its own success. As it has been improved over
the years, the number of annual visitors has mushroomed to 42 million, from 12 million in 1981.
Its being trampled to death visitation now is
heavier than ever in its history, said Adrian Benepe,
the former New York City parks commissioner who is
now the director of city park development at the nonprofit Trust for Public Land. This is Americas great
work of art of the 19th century because it set a standard
for what a great urban park should be that has been
copied all around the world.
Some have said that Central Parks success in securing private support only highlights the need of parks
all over the city for public dollars.
Its a reminder that the city should be investing
Continued on Page 6
Waves of Dark History Break on an Olympic Pool
INSIDE
RENATO SETTE CAMARA
The Brazilian artist Adriana Varejos treatment for the aquatics center built for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.
By LAURA van STRAATEN
DMITRY KOSTYUKOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Americans in Paris
New York City Ballet is wrapping
up a three-week season at
Thtre du Chtelet. Above,
Mary Elizabeth Sell, a company
member, PAGE 5.
In a few weeks, as TV cameras swoop

over the Olympic Park in the Barra da
Tijuca neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro,
viewers will glimpse what looks like a
colossal seascape mural encircling the
new aquatics stadium.
But what appears to be ancient,
cracked decorative tile is actually a
scrim of 66 panels of perforated canvas,
each 90 feet high the largest contemporary artwork commissioned for Rio
2016. And the blue-and-white work is
steeped in a complicated provenance
that is typical of its creator, Adriana
Varejo, 51, the revered Rio artist.
If you look closely, its not just a seascape, she said recently, speaking via
Skype from her Rio studio, but parts of
angels, and other historic Baroque motifs, all fragmented, reordered and turbulent.
In some ways, Ms. Varejo (pronouned bah-ruh-ZHAO) is the perfect
artist for the commission, given her
long use of tiles, pools and water as visual imagery. Yet she is also a bold choice
for the global Games because much of
her work asks uncomfortable questions
about the hidden, bloody stories of racism and subjugation Portugals colonization of Brazil in particular, but also
Englands and Spains of other parts of
the Americas. She puts the Baroque to

work in service of those questions:
The beauty and grotesque are always
like opposites in the Baroque its an
aesthetic that deals with contrasts, she
said.
The as-yet-untitled commissions
tiled appearance is a double trompe
loeil, because it is composed of printed
images from an older Varejo artwork
called Celacanto Provoca Maremoto
(The Coelacanth Causes a Seaquake).
For that work, created between 2004
and 2008, Ms. Varejo encrusted with
plaster 184 panels, each roughly 43 inches square.
Then she let the panels crack and
painstakingly painted onto them fragments of images from her digital inventory of more than 2,500 tiles. Until you
are within inches of her work, youd
swear you were looking at tiles; youre
tempted to touch.
Ms. Varejo sat for two interviews,
one via Skype last month and the other
in 2014 at her studio on a residential
street just outside Rios Jardim
Botnico. In the earlier interview, she
showed her delight in the layers of reality and trickery built into her work.
Its fake, Ms. Varejo said, laughing,
her brown curls falling forward on her
Continued on Page 2
C2
Waves of History Break

To Reveal Dark Secrets
On a Rio Artists Seas
From First Arts Page
face. I love the fake.
Both seascapes mimic the experience of being surrounded by
whorling waves, as if from a swimmers point of view. I was looking
for the sensation of vertigo, Ms.
Varejo explained, so someone
can be totally immersed in a sea of
Baroque waves.
Carla Camurati, director of the
cultural programs for Rio 2016, encountered Celacanto on a scouting trip to Instituto Inhotim, the
expansive art park in the
southeastern province of Minas
Gerais, where she was seeking
visual artists to round out the cultural programs for the Games.
Ms. Varejos is among Inhotims largest pavilions, which are
scattered amid 2,500 lush acres
and function as permanent solo
galleries
for
contemporary
artists. Ms. Varejo, who has two
children, is married to Pedro
Buarque de Hollanda, a film
producer.
Adriana Varejos work is on view
through September at Barra
Olympic Park in Rio de Janeiro.
She also has work in the group
show The Great Animal Orchestra through Jan. 8 at the Fondation Cartier pour lArt Contemporain in Paris and paintings opening Oct. 1 at Gagosian in Rome.
The pavilions upper floor is devoted to Celacanto Provoca

Maremoto, whose faux tiles line
all four walls. Ms. Camurati said
the title resonated with her, as it
does for most Cariocas (as Rio
residents are called) of a certain
age; the phrase started appearing as graffiti in 1977 in Rios Zona
Sul and then throughout the city
in the early 1980s.
Ms. Varejo, a Rio native, explained that everybody thought
it was a revolutionary slogan
since the graffiti began appearing
during a dictatorship.
Ms. Camurati said, No one
knew exactly what was the meaning, adding that it was such a
strong thing. A celacanto, or coelacanth, is a rare order of fish
thought to have died out with
dinosaurs,
until
several
specimens were spotted in 1938,
causing what could be called a
seaquake in evolutionary science.
Young Cariocas, however, also
recognized the sentence as a recurring line from a Japanese TV
series, National Kid, which featured a coelacanth and was a cult
hit in Brazil.
It is a sentence I think sounds
very poetic, Ms. Varejo said
simply.
Such layering of referents is
very much her style. Many works
draw on Brazils traditional blue
and white hand-painted azulejo
VICENTE de MELLO
Adriana Varejo, a native of Rio de Janeiro, creates works steeped in a history of colonialism that is dark and complex.
tiles, whose complex provenance
through trade and colonization
connects Brazil with the ceramic
traditions of the ancient Islamic
world, China, Holland, Spain and,
most obviously, Portugal. The
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azulejos traditionally decorated

churches,
monasteries,
and
residences of the rich and powerful in Brazil and function in her
work as a metaphor for a mixing
of cultures, by force or by desire.
Ms. Varejo calls that mixing
mestizo, which also refers to a
person, like Ms. Varejo herself, of
combined European, Amerindian
and African lineage.
One can see how her trompe
loeil technique might stand in
part for the fake way that societies, through artistic traditions
like decorative ceramics, cover up
the horrors that made them possible. But in other series of her
drawings and paintings, the violence is writ large: She often depicts blood seeping through the
gridded tiles of a modern spa.
Elsewhere, she builds free-stand-
ing ruins and fills the walls with

simulacra of bloody guts.
Its confrontational, there is a
level of repulsiveness to it, said
Louise Neri, a director at the
Gagosian Gallery in New York.
There is an abject quality to some
of Adrianas work, which I find
very bold. It connects her to the
realm of political art.
Ms. Neri is curating a show of
Ms. Varejos newest and largestever paintings opening Oct. 1 at
Gagosian in Rome, which features
the artists abstracted azulejos.
(Ms. Varejo is also preparing for
two 2017 exhibitions: a solo show
at her London gallery, Victoria
Miro, and a project on the Talavera tiles of Puebla, Mexico, for the
Amparo Museum there.)
Ms. Varejos work, in the collections of the Tate Modern and
Guggenheim museums, has engendered critical discussion about

cultural formation through violence, Ms. Neri said. She is actually talking about the colonization for financial or territorial gain
that shaped many countries, including her own, that we would
rather forget. She connected Ms.
Varejos preoccupations with the
violence at Istanbuls airport that
took place just hours before the
conversation. The world as it is
right now is a consequence of how
certain parts of the world have divided other parts of the world,
the curator said. Thats what we
are looking at right now. Everywhere.
She is the iron fist in the velvet
glove, Ms. Neri added. Even in
the most seductive of the work
there is this underlying tension.
Director Pulls Hamlet From Polonsky,

Seeking to Stage It at the Public Instead
By JOSHUA BARONE
It seemed to be a coup for Theater for a New Audience: Its first

summer Shakespeare production
would be Hamlet, with the
much-lauded Tony-winning director Sam Gold at the helm, and the
rising Hollywood star Oscar Isaac
in the title role.
The play, announced in April
and scheduled to open next June
at the Polonsky Shakespeare Center in Brooklyn, had been in the
works since 2014. Tickets were
sold to subscribers, and a creative
team was assembled.
But the production has fallen
apart.
Last month Mr. Gold, citing insurmountable artistic differences,
backed out and took the play
and Mr. Isaac to the Public Theater, which is in talks to add the
production to its 2016-17 season.
Theater for a New Audience canceled its Hamlet.
The productions move from
one nonprofit theater to another is
unusual. Even more of an anomaly is the response of Jeffrey Horowitz, Theater for a New Audiences artistic director, who has
decided to go public with the details of what happened.
Its a bad precedent for not-forprofits, Mr. Horowitz said of the
RAMSAY DE GIVE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Jeffrey Horowitz, artistic director of Theater for a New

Audience, sees a bad precedent in a plays withdrawal.
plays cancellation. Creative
artists should not take a production away. It hurts the field if that
kind of thing can happen.
Mr. Gold declined to comment
and deferred to the Public, which
said in a statement, We are in
early discussions with these Public alumni (Mr. Gold and Mr.
Isaac) to see if we can help make
their production possible next
season. (Mr. Gold directed Fun
Home at the Public, which later
went to Broadway and won him
the Tony; Mr. Isaac, long before
his recent turn in Star Wars: The
Force Awakens, was in Romeo
and Juliet and Two Gentlemen
of Verona at the Publics Shakespeare in the Park.)
The first apparent fissure in Mr.
Horowitz and Mr. Golds collaboration came on June 1, when Mr.
Gold met with Jonathan Kalb, a
dramaturge with Theater for a
New Audience, to discuss Mr.
Golds editing of the text of Hamlet, which Mr. Gold described in a
May 27 email to Mr. Horowitz as a
pretty aggressive adaptation/cut
of the play.
At first the meeting was cordial,
Mr. Kalb later wrote in an email to
Mr. Horowitz that was shared with
The New York Times. At a Dean &
DeLuca in Midtown, Mr. Gold
talked about his longstanding interest in simplicity, unpretentiousness and theater that travels
unstable boundaries where fiction
and reality blur into one another,
according to the email. They
agreed that Hamlet would be an
ideal play to explore from that perspective.
But Mr. Kalb was also there to
figure out whether the play would
be trimmed or radically adapted,
because Theater for a New Audi-
ence does not produce Shakespeare adaptations.

I raised questions of how and
when Gold planned to do his work
on the text, whether he understood that Jeffrey would want to
be consulted, and whether he
might want to postpone firm discussions until the workshop, Mr.
Kalb wrote. He described Mr.
Golds response as defensive.
Within days, Mr. Gold met with
Mr. Horowitz to withdraw from
the production, saying he didnt
feel supported artistically, according to Mr. Horowitz. They agreed
not to settle on a decision immediately, though. Mr. Gold waited a
little more than a week to give official word of his departure.
What followed were two weeks
of meetings, phone calls and
emails in which Mr. Horowitz and
Oskar Eustis, artistic director of
the Public, tried to work out a coproduction of Mr. Golds Hamlet.
Among the proposals was having the play preview at the Public
but run at the Polonsky. Mr. Horowitz also offered to back off entirely, so that Mr. Eustis would be
the only artistic leader Mr. Gold
needed to speak with. I have no
ego here, Mr. Horowitz said he remembered telling Mr. Eustis. I
just dont want this to be canceled.
But Mr. Gold wrote to Mr. Horowitz on June 20, Ive decided to
no longer pursue a production of
Hamlet at Theater for a New Audience.
Another option was to have the
play run at the Public, with seats
set aside for Theater for a New
Audiences subscribers. But if no
proposal worked for Mr. Gold, Mr.
Horowitz wrote in an email to Mr.
Eustis, his theater would vigorously defend its integrity and
what we believe is unfair, damaging and an injustice. The email
ended nonetheless with his expressing a hope for a creative
outcome: Two theaters and two
artistic leaders work together to
support exciting artists working
on a great play.
By July 3, any chances of a coproduction had been dashed for
logistical reasons. The Public is
also planning to present a different Hamlet as part of its touring
Mobile Unit division. (The Public
would not confirm those plans,
which have not been announced.)
There should have been a solution, Mr. Horowitz said. Its just
not right.
Theater for a New Audience
ended up quickly making arrangements for a Measure for
Measure production, directed by
Simon Godwin, for next June.
Without a star like Mr. Isaac, the
theater projected, Measure
would make half the money that
Hamlet would have.
C3
Songs of Despair, Heartache and Racial Injustice, With Retro Textures

In times of pain and fear, the
past can feel like a refuge. Michael Kiwanukas second album,
Love & Hate, is a sustained,
stylized plunge into despair:
plaints of isolation,
doubt, lovelessness,
racial injustice, longing, hopelessness and
a certain resolve
ALBUM despite it all, often set
REVIEW
to mournful minor
chords. Love and hate how
much more are we supposed to
tolerate? he asks in the title
song, before quietly insisting,
You cant break me down.
The albums comforts lie in its
spacious retro sound. The
producer Danger Mouse places
Mr. Kiwanuka in a realm of
string orchestras and wordless
backup chorales, of rich reverb
and staticky vintage-amp distortion, of unprogrammed drums
and leisurely buildups. Mr. Kiwanukas voice doesnt appear
until halfway through the 10minute opening song, Cold
Little Heart after an overture
of quivering strings and a female
chorus singing oohs and ahs,
patiently transporting the song
and the album to an early-1960s
soundstage.
Mr. Kiwanuka, a 29-year-old
Englishman whose parents are
from Uganda, isnt the only
songwriter whos decisively
turning his back on the synthesized constructs of mainstream
R&B. Maxwells new album,
BlackSUMMERSnight, revels
in the textures of hand-played
physical instruments; so does
JON
PARELES
The Dreaming Room, by Laura

Mvula. Like Mr. Kiwanuka, they
connect organic sounds to a
sense of idealism, pointedly
harking back to songwriters like
Marvin Gaye and Curtis Mayfield, who channeled pleasure
toward larger aspirations.
Mr. Kiwanukas 2012 debut
album, Home Again, offered
more naturalistic folk-soul. It
featured him and his guitar in
small-band arrangements that
evoked Bill Withers, Terry Callier and Van Morrison. That side
of Mr. Kiwanukas music
reappears in One More Night,
a Stax-style soul song about
clinging to hope, and in the
albums first single, Black Man
in a White World, a complex
declaration of identity, with a
field-holler-like melody set to
handclaps, tricky funk syncopations from Mr. Kiwanukas own
guitar and bass tracks and jabs
of disco strings. Im not fighting/But Ive got something on
my mind/Making me sad,
making me mad, he sings.
FERDY DAMMAN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE GETTY IMAGES
Michael Kiwanuka The singers second album, Love & Hate, was produced by Danger Mouse.
But most of the album invokes
the kind of cinematic artifice, at
once old-fashioned and openly
reconstituted, that Danger
Mouse has also brought to his
own projects, like Broken Bells.
Danger Mouse, a.k.a. Brian
Burton, is partial to stubbornly
slow tempos and a melancholy
undertow, using strings and
voices as ghostly reinforcements
Arts, Briefly
Athena, and a Friend, Will Hang Around at the Met
Two ancient sculptures, centerpieces of the Metropolitan Museum
of Arts exhibition Pergamon and the Hellenistic Kingdoms of the
Ancient World, will stay on view at the museum through fall 2018.
The show closes on Sunday.
The works are the 12-foot-tall statue of the goddess Athena, left,
and a fragmentary marble head possibly representing Alexander the
Great, below. Both are on loan from the Pergamon Museum in Berlin,
which is partly closed for renovations until 2019. (The museum supplied roughly a third of the objects in
the Mets exhibition.)
The Berlin museum is generous to
leave them here, Carlos A. Picn, a
curator with the Mets Greek and Roman art department, said of the sculptures.
Why leave them in storage? he
continued. They tell a good story
here.
The show focuses on how Alexander
the Great spread Greek influences
through what is now Turkey. Both
sculptures, which were carved in the
second century B.C., will be moved to
new homes beginning on Aug. 1.
Athena will be in the Mets Great Hall, where visitors enter. The
marble head notable for its well-preserved, smooth surface, which
was never exposed to the elements will join other Greek and Roman sculptures in the Robert and Rene Belfer Court.
JOSHUA BARONE
PHOTOGRAPHS BY SMB/ANTIKENSAMMLUNG
Ballet Theater to Offer

Lang World Premiere
American Ballet Theater plans
to present the world premiere of
a new ballet by Jessica Lang and
the company premiere of Benjamin Millepieds Daphnis and
Chloe during its fall season at
the David H. Koch Theater, the
company announced on Wednesday.
The new Lang work, set to
music by Fanny Mendelssohn,
will be the first dance Ms. Lang
has created for Ballet Theater.
Daphnis and Chloe, set to the
Ravel score, was originally commissioned by Diaghilev for the
Ballets Russes in 1912; Mr.
Millepied choreographed it for
the Paris Opera Ballet in 2014.
Ballet Theaters fall season,
which will run from Oct. 19
through Oct. 30, will also feature
revivals of George Balanchines
Prodigal Son, Frederick Ashtons Symphonic Variations
and Alexei Ratmanskys Serenade After Platos Symposium.
The annual fall gala will be held
on Oct. 20. MICHAEL COOPER
Bessie Nominees
Nominees for the New York
Dance and Performance Awards,
known as the Bessies, were
announced on Wednesday
evening.
The awards, the dance worlds
equivalent of the Tonys, will be
presented on Oct. 18 at the BAM
Howard Gilman Opera House.

Twelve works were nominated
for outstanding production,
among them Justin Pecks
Heatscape, for Miami City
Ballet; Dada Masilos postmodern take on Swan Lake; and
Camille A. Browns Black Girl:
Linguistic Play, which is being
revived on July 21 at the
Prospect Park Bandshell in
Brooklyn.
The 12 nominees for outstanding performer include Parisa
Kohobdeh, for her career with
the Paul Taylor Dance Company,
and the American Ballet Theater
principal dancer Gillian Murphy,
who celebrated her 20th anniversary with the company in
May.
Three winners were also announced on Wednesday. Among
them was Joya Powell, named
outstanding emerging
choreographer. Her work is
known for reckoning with issues
of race and justice. More information is at bessies.org.
JOSHUA BARONE
Los Angeles Biennial

Focuses on Water
Lacking an organization like
Creative Time or the Public Art
Fund in New York, Los Angeles
artists have long depended on
local museums and scrappy
nonprofit galleries to fund of-themoment public art. Now the
citys Department of Cultural
Affairs has a new biennial to
ANGELIKA FILM CENTER
LINCOLN PLAZA
CINEMAS
1886 BROADWAY BETWEEN 62ND & 63RD STREETS

Advance Tickets - lincolnplazacinema.com
For more information call (212)757-2280
www.angelikalmcenter.com
Corner of Houston & Mercer 995-2000
OUR LITTLE SISTER
10:30AM, 1:25, 4:15, 7:05, 9:55PM
THE INNOCENTS
11:20AM, 2:00, 4:30, 7:00PM
WIENER-DOG
10:40AM, 1:00, 3:10, 5:25, 7:40, 9:50PM
HUNT FOR THE WILDERPEOPLE

11:45AM, 2:20, 4:45, 7:10, 9:35PM
THE NEON DEMON
12:30, 3:00, 5:30, 8:00, 10:30PM
THE LOBSTER
11:05AM, 1:50, 4:30, 7:20, 10:05PM
SING STREET 10:00AM, 9:40PM
help fill the gap: Current: L.A.,

which runs for a month, starting
on Saturday.
This years theme is water,
inspired by the record-setting
drought in California, as well as
by city ambitions to transform
the Los Angeles River, which for
stretches resembles a concrete
trench, into a more functional,
accessible and even leafy refuge
for city dwellers.
Some biennial projects will
take place near the river, including a new film by the Los Angeles artist Kerry Tribe, to be
screened nightly at a littleknown park between Interstate
5 and the water. Ms. Tribe made
the film, which runs 51 minutes,
by following the 51-mile river to
see what it would yield, from a
visit with a homeless person
who identifies as Cat Man, to
surprising encounters with
roosters, sheep and other animals. I think the idea of
traveling a mile a minute is
familiar to many of us here, she
said of her movie-as-movingvehicle framework.
Other projects there are 13
in all, across various city parks
include an unconventional
sort of community garden by
Mel Chin, the Conceptual artist
known for turning bystanders
into collaborators, and new signs
for the Del Rey Lagoon park,
created by Gala Porras-Kim,
pointing to the history of the
wetlands and the controversial
removal of a Native American
burial ground belonging to the
Tongva tribe. JORI FINKEL
CAPTAIN FANTASTIC
12:00, 1:00, 2:30, 5:00, 7:30,
9:30, 10:00
ZERO DAYS
12:05, 2:35, 5:05, 7:35, 9:55
MAGGIES PLAN n
12:15, 2:45, 5:10, 7:20
TICKLED
12:10, 2:25, 4:35, 7:15, 9:35
MICROBE AND GASOLINE

(Subtitled) 4:40, 7:00, 9:35
CAFE SOCIETY 7:20, 9:20PM

OUR LITTLE SISTER
11:20AM, 1:45, 4:15, 6:45, 9:15PM
ZERO DAYS
12:35, 3:00, 5:20, 7:40, 9:55PM
THE INNOCENTS
12:15, 2:30, 4:50, 7:15, 9:40PM
THE KIND WORDS 11:00AM, 3:10PM

GENIUS
12:05, 2:00, 4:05, 6:10, 8:15PM
*LAST
DAY!*
*LAST
DAY!*
MAGGIES PLAN
12:00, 1:50, 3:45, 5:40, 7:55, 10:00PM
WEINER 1:10, 5:25, 10:15PM

LIFE, ANIMATED 11:00AM
*LAST
DAY!*
*LAST
DAY!*
and letting notes echo into the

shadowy distance.
Throughout the album, Mr.
Kiwanuka sings as if he were in
some private purgatory, offering
incantations only he will hear.
He doesnt raise his voice; graininess thickens his tone at vulnerable moments, then ebbs away,
and his phrases are far more
likely to taper off than to push
toward a peak. The music makes

space for him to ache.
Falling, written by Mr. Kiwanuka and Mr. Burton, has the
singer reluctantly pushing back
against the chance to restart a
troubled romance: Youre
telling me you want me now/Let
me go, leave my head alone.
Hes all by himself, yet surrounded by phantoms: Tremu-
lous organ chords waft up; a

guitar hesitantly follows the
descent of the vocal line; a tambourine makes sparse shivers;
and womens voices float in the
distance, like Loreleis. Its doleful, but its also plush a Danger Mouse specialty that suits
Mr. Kiwanuka nicely.
Songs like Place I Belong
and Ill Never Love are resigned to utter solitude; Rule
the World is a plea for someone
to Show me love, show me
happiness/I cant do this on my
own, but its a plea that goes
unfulfilled. In Fathers Child,
he sings, Ive been searching
for miles and miles/Looking for
someone to walk with me, and
an optimistic buildup toward the
middle with some rare major
chords hints that hell find
someone; instead, the song
turns slow and pleading, leaving
the search unfinished.
The Final Frame ends the
album with reflections on a long
relationship unraveling. Its an
apology and a confession of
numbness and distance, cast as
a bluesy dirge with discreetly
hovering strings and extended
solos from Mr. Kiwanukas cutting lead guitar. All the singer
can promise is that the couple
will float away in our parade of
love and pain. The only consolations are in the way the song
revives and fulfills a classic R&B
ballad form, the way the guitar
flails and cries, and the sense
that for all the elegant artifice,
something desperate and honest
is being sung.
C4
Russias Path to a New Autocracy

Anyone who has spent time in
Russia over the past 30 years
should be deeply grateful for
Arkady Ostrovskys fast-paced
and excellently written book,
The Invention of
Russia: From
Gorbachevs Freedom to Putins
War.
BOOKS OF THE
Too often, the
TIMES
story of postSoviet Russia is presented
through a Western prism as a
clash of good Westernizers and
evil reactionaries, or as a lamentation about what the West could,
and should, have done once it
won the Cold War. Mr. Ostrovsky doesnt waste time on that.
A first-class journalist who has
spent many years covering Russia for the London publications
The Financial Times and The
Economist, he is also a native of
the Soviet Union, with an instinctive understanding of how politics, ideas and daily life really
work there.
In Mr. Ostrovskys book, the
West plays a minor role as a
utopia for liberal intellectuals, a
scapegoat for Vladimir V. Putin
or a place of exile for fallen oligarchs. His is an insiders story
about how the uniquely Russian
contest of ideas, myths and invented histories shaped the chaotic search for a new Russia, once
Communist rule crumbled
from Mikhail S. Gorbachevs
illusion that Soviet rule could be
reformed and democratized, to
what Mr. Ostrovsky calls the
hatred and aggression of Mr.
Putins kleptocratic state.
In The Invention of Russia,
those primarily responsible for
Russias emergence from authoritarianism and for its descent
back into it and the great dramas that accompanied it Boris
N. Yeltsins firing on his Parliament, the Chechen wars, the
hostage-taking in a Beslan school
are the Russians who invented
(as the books title proclaims) a
progression of narratives, either
in print or, more powerfully, on
television. It was there, on the
media front, Mr. Ostrovsky argues, that the real struggles over
Russias future were fought.
Russia is an idea-centric
country, and the media play a
disproportionately important role
in it, he writes. Accordingly, it
was when Mr. Gorbachev first
lifted Soviet censorship and allowed reality to burst through the
Communists alternate reality
that the Soviet Union crumbled.
After that, the first battles were
over the history that the Communists had so aggressively sought
to conceal: The liberals and
their hard-line opponents fought
over the past as if they were
fighting for natural resources.
Later battles over control of
SERGE
SCHMEMANN
MICHAEL BONFIGLIO
Doc & Darryl Darryl Strawberry, left, and Dwight Gooden in this ESPN film airing on Thursday night.
What Was, and What Might Have Been

Take a look at the credits for
the ESPN film Doc & Darryl on
Thursday night (part of its 30
for 30 series), and what leaps
out at you is the name of the
comedy maven Judd
Apatow, who directed along with
Michael Bonfiglio.
But theres nothing
TELEVISION remotely funny
REVIEW
about the film, a
somber and conventional documentary about the entwined
stories of the fallen stars Dwight
Gooden and Darryl Strawberry.
When it comes to baseball, Mr.
Apatow is apparently just another heartbroken New York
Mets fan.
Doc & Darryl contains the
usual elements of this type of
sports documentary, presented
with a minimum of fuss: the
reminiscences and opinions of
reporters and former colleagues
(in this case the first baseman
Keith Hernandez and the manager Davey Johnson); the television clips chronicling the brief
early days of triumph; and the
newspaper headlines recounting
the storys long tail of dissipation, arrest and incarceration.
Addiction counselors who have
worked with Gooden and Strawberry discuss their problems
MIKE
HALE
with alcohol and cocaine.

But the film is built around the
two stars themselves, who sit for
studio interviews and, in a device
that bears less fruit than youd
hope, are interviewed together in
the booth of a Queens diner.
Theyre clearly uncomfortable
Gooden is noticeably twitchy and
ill at ease and they dont have
much to say to each other before
their Love you, man goodbyes.
Two phenoms
couldnt defeat
alcohol and drugs.
The onetime phenoms
rookies of the year in consecutive
years, Strawberry in 1983 and
Gooden in 1984 tell their
stories with an offhand frankness, as if describing what they
had for lunch. Both narratives
involve alcoholic fathers, the
easy availability of drugs and
women in 1980s New York (before the dangers of internet
exposure), and the outlaw mindset of the mid-80s Mets teams.
Strawberry, the more loquacious
BROADWAY
of the two, describes the World

Series champion 1986 Mets thus:
You had a bunch of drunks, you
had a bunch of womanizers, you
had a bunch of liars, you had a
little bit of everything.
The film alternates between
the bleak, matter-of-fact testimony of the two players and the
more hyped-up, fannish, baseball-poetic musings of the
reporters and other talking
heads, who include (and here
you can see Mr. Apatows influence) Jon Stewart in the role of
EveryMetsFan. Strawberry and
Gooden, man, they were going to
be our guys for years, he
laments.
Mr. Apatow and Mr. Bonfiglio
(You Dont Know Bo), to their
credit, dont try to cast their
modest film as a tragedy. But its
unremittingly melancholy. Most
viewers, even die-hard baseball
fans, will be surprised by the
concentrated reminder of just
how badly Strawberry and Gooden went off the rails both
suspended from baseball, both
serving time in prison. An unspoken message of the film, as they
leave the diner and head back to
whatever their lives hold for
them now, is that in their early
50s theyre both lucky just to be
alive.
OFFBROADWAY
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CAGNEY
Hollywood's Tough Guy In Tap Shoes

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WAITRESS
FINAL PERFORMANCE AUGUST 21ST!

Tonight at 7, Tomorrow at 8
TONY YAZBECK
Starring Jessie Mueller

Music and Lyrics by Sara Bareilles
Book by Jessie Nelson
Directed by Diane Paulus
WaitressTheMusical.com
Ticketmaster.com or 877-250-2929
Brooks Atkinson Theatre, 256 W. 47th St.
FINDING NEVERLAND
HIMSELF AND NORA
The Greatest Love Story Never Told

Book, Music, Lyrics by Jonathan Brielle
Tu 7, We 2 & 8, Th-Fr 8, Sa 2 & 8, Su 3
HimselfandNoraMusical.com
Minetta Lane Theatre (+), 18 Minetta Lane
A Riveting Political Thriller. - AP

TONIGHT AT 7, TOMORROW AT 8
Lincoln Center Theater Presents
Directed by Tony Winner Diane Paulus

FindingNeverlandTheMusical.com
Groups 12+ Call 1-800-Broadway x2
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OSLO
A New Play by J.T. Rogers

Directed by Bartlett Sher
www.lct.org
Mitzi E.Newhouse Theater(+),150 W.65th
Broadway's Biggest Blockbuster
The New York Times
Tonight & Tom'w at 8
CAUSE FOR CELEBRATION!

Entertainment Weekly
Tonight at 7, Tom'w at 8, Sat 2 & 8
KINKY BOOTS
Groups (10+): 1-800-BROADWAY
Mo & Fr 8; Tu & Th 7; We & Sa 2 & 8
KinkyBootsTheMusical.com
Al Hirschfeld Theatre (+), 302 W. 45th St.
Serge Schmemann, a member of

the Times editorial board, was a
correspondent in Moscow for 10
years.
WICKED
Mo & Tu 7; We 2 & 7; Th & Fr 8; Sa 2 & 8

Groups: 646-289-6885/877-321-0020
WickedtheMusical.com
Gershwin Theatre(+) 222 West 51st St.
THE EFFECT
A new play by Lucy Prebble

Directed by David Cromer
SmartTix.com or 212.868.4444
BarrowStreetTheatre.com
27 Barrow St.
THE GOLDEN BRIDE
A Charming Musical Romantic Comedy

Back this summer through August 28
Mo & Th 7:30; Th & Su 2; Fr 1; Su 6
Tickets: Nytf.org / 866-811-4111
Museum of Jewish Heritage
Safra Theatre, 36 Battery Pl.
FINAL 6 PERFORMANCES!
Joe Must Return To ABC's SCANDAL!
John Legend & Get Lifted Film Co present
Joe Morton in
TURN ME LOOSE
SCORCHINGLY FUNNY! NY Times

Better than almost anything ! WABC-TV
Westside Theatre (+) 407 West 43rd St.
Now Starring Tony Winner Cady Huffman!

Downright Hilarious! Huffington Post
SHEAR MADNESS
Mo 7, We 8, Fr 8, Sa 2 & 8, Su 3 & 7:30

Groups (10+) 800-432-7780
Davenport Theatre, 354 W. 45th St.
SHEARMADNESS.COM
Also Playing in Boston and D.C.!
KenKen
Answers to
Previous Puzzles
ALEXANDER SORIN
The Invention of Russia
From Gorbachevs Freedom to

Putins War
By Arkady Ostrovsky
374 pages. Viking. $30.
ity for, and historic consciousness of, their own country. They
behaved like caricatures of capitalists in old Soviet journals.
Thats what made for so much
confusion among Western watchers as Russia floundered in uncharted post-Soviet waters. We
used terms like businessman,
politician, democrat or journalist
to describe the people who came
to the fore in the new Russia, but,
in fact, we were only looking at
something far different and
usually far less savory.
There were no real politics.
The media did not try to educate or engage the majority of
the country in politics, Mr. Ostrovsky writes. That suited Russians just fine, as Mr. Putin, the
old K.G.B. operative, instinctively understood. He offered
security, pride, imported goods,
travel abroad and a false sense of
Russian greatness. All the
Crossword
ACROSS
1 Put
Deeply satisfying
- The New York Times (Critic's Pick)
the media and successive versions of Russian identity led to

Mr. Putins full control of national
television and revival of an image of a Russian state great and
strong.
I spent many years as a reporter in Moscow, and yet Mr.
Ostrovskys original and trenchant observations repeatedly had
me exclaiming, Of course, thats
how it was! His riff on the failures of the intelligentsia, for
example, ends with this pithy
indictment: Used to raising
toasts to the success of our
hopeless cause, it did not know
what to do when its cause succeeded. Of course!
Or this about the powerful
media magnates who arose
under Mr. Yeltsin: They dressed
like a Westernized elite, spoke
like one, sent their children to
Western schools, but they lacked
the most important attribute of
an elite a sense of responsibil-
next to
7 Audio player
15 Relative of a
finch known for
building intricate
nests
16 Bridge of Spies
actor
17 Surface
18 *When daylight
saving time
ends
19 See 49-Across
20 1940s film critic
James
21 In the back
22 Where the heart
lies
24 Aristotle
character
27 Dont let it get
to you
29 Poet who said
Most editors are
failed writers
but so are most
writers
33 Air show
maneuver
34 Cuisine with
curry
36 ___ Piano,
designer of The
New York Times
Building
37 Forecast fig.
Edited by Will Shortz

PUZZLE BY DAVID J. KAHN
38
40
41
43
44
45
47
49
50
51
54
56
60
63
64
65
66
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*Angels leader
Stay-at-home ___
Whiff
Oh, why not?!
Frequent tweeter
Ex-band
member, maybe
Run out of
clothes?
With
19-Across, U.S.
representatives
term
Spring breaks?
Gray color
Balance
Bothered no end
Like the alphabet
that includes the
answers to the
starred clues
and an anagram
of the eight
circled letters
Youve heard
it many times
before
Annual parade
locale
Brigham Young,
e.g.
1969 Simon &
Garfunkel hit in
which lie-la-lie
is repeatedly
sung
Too bad for
me!
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE

S
O
C
K
S
Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each
heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication
or division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6.
For solving tips and more KenKen puzzles: www.nytimes.com/kenken. For feedback: nytimes@kenken.com
KenKen is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright 2016 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved.
P
H
O
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A
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A V A
D I S A
S A Y H
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M A M M
U S E
L I T H
A C R E
N S Y N
Kremlin asked in return, Mr.

Ostrovsky says, was for people
to mind their own business and
stay out of politics something
they gladly did.
The post-Soviet myths had no
place for any collective atonement for the terrors of Soviet
history. That, Mr. Ostrovsky
writes, would have raised the
question nobody wanted to ask,
let alone answer: Who was
responsible for the Soviet experiment and the suffering it
brought? The only honest answer, he offers, would be everyone.
Mr. Ostrovskys account of the
progression of invented Russias,
political battles and changing
realities is never dull or academic. A serious student of theater
until he took up journalism, he
fills his book with anecdotes,
conversations and a delightful
cast of Russian characters, all of
whom he seems to have known
and interviewed at some point.
In addition to the many wellknown actors, there are the
hacks, like Alexander Nevzorov, a
master of television spin with no
identifiable ethics; or Yevgenia
Albats and Natalia Gevorkyan,
female reporters who
courageously took on the K.G.B.;
or Igor Malashenko, a student of
philosophy who darts in and out
of the corridors of power and is
brutally slapped down by Mr.
Yeltsin.
But there are not many heroes
in this story. The few shining
lights include Andrei D. Sakharov, the great physicist and
dissident who died before the
Soviet Union collapsed; Yegor T.
Gaidar, the young economist who
steered Russia in its lowest moment; and Boris Y. Nemtsov, the
reformer (and friend of the authors) whose murder near the
Kremlin in February 2015 opens
the book.
Mr. Ostrovskys purpose,
though, is not moral judgment.
His is a personal journey through
a Russia that was once his, to
understand what happened on
the way from 1991 to 2016. There
is no single event or individual
that can be held responsible; not
even Mr. Putin, who he says is
as much a consequence as a
cause of Russias ills.
That does not mean no one is
responsible. On the contrary, Mr.
Ostrovskys book asks the same
question about the last 30 years
that Russians failed to ask about
the Soviet era. And his answer is:
Everyone is responsible the
intelligentsia, the masters of
media, the venal oligarchs and
scheming politicians and, above
all, a nation whose passion for
ideas is both its glory and its
vulnerability.
For better or for worse, Mr.
Putin has forced the world to
reckon with a surly and combative Russia again. Mr. Ostrovsky
provides a much needed, dispassionate and eminently readable
explanation of how it happened.
S N A G
S O U R
O N E R A
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O W I E
P P E A R
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A M I A
P E T S
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P I C
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M
K
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L E M U
A R O M
S E D A
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E R R I
L I N
A N D E
N G A C
Y O
S S
E A N I
E V E N
M E U P
A R E
S O N
R
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P
S
T
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S
S
A
Y
15
10
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12
13
14
31
32
58
59
16
17
18
19
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22
27
21
23
28
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33
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37
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61
40
43
45
60
30
35
38
41
51
62
55
56
57
63
64
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66
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7/14/16
DOWN
1 On
vacation
form of Jos
3 *___ Johns
4 Be generous to a
fault, in a way
5 Three-month
period
6 Go off track
7 *Dance craze of
the 1910s
8 What may come
as a relief?
9 Ones laying
down 20-Down
10 Chemistry suffix
11 Montanas
Hungry Horse ___
12 Mandela player
in a 2013 biopic
13 Scale opening
14 Go-___
2 Pet
20
23
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
35
38
39
42
Supply for
9-Down
Legendary #3 on
the diamond
Now see ___!
Ring
encouragement
Hearst mag
*Part of a
vacation package
Battles against
*Origin of the
game Parcheesi
County seat on
the Arkansas
River
Newsman Chuck
Diminished by
To be for you?
Gripper
Adherents
Auction tableful
44
Inhuman
46
Part of the
cerebrum
48
Land
50
*To get one, act

now!
51
Calendar
notation: Abbr.
52
Onetime royal
53
Bamboozle
55
One from
Germany
57
*Quick
comeback?
58
Epiphanies
59
Some bills
61
Collar
62
Honshus ___
River
63
___ laude
Online subscriptions: Todays puzzle and more than 9,000 past puzzles,
nytimes.com/crosswords ($39.95 a year).
Read about and comment on each puzzle: nytimes.com/wordplay.
Crosswords for young solvers: nytimes.com/studentcrosswords.
C5
New York City Ballet Savors the City of Light
Tiler Peck, left, and her husband, Robert Fairchild (seated, in blue). While in Paris, the two City Ballet principal dancers returned to the restaurant they had visited after getting engaged.
By ROSLYN SULCAS
PARIS On Saturday, the New York

City Ballet will wrap up a 20-ballet, threeweek season at Thtre du Chtelet here,
the companys longest international tour
to one city since 1976. City Ballet was presented by Les Ets de la Danse, an annual summer festival that brings dance
companies often American ones to
the French capital.
I spent a lot of time here with Balanchine, listening to him talk about his experiences in Paris, said Peter Martins,
the companys ballet master in chief, referring to George Balanchine, the cofounder of City Ballet, whose groundbreaking choreography forms the backbone of the companys repertory. Balanchine didnt get good reviews here; they
liked Jerry Robbins, and Balanchine
knew that, Mr. Martins added. So our
first week was all Balanchine because I
wanted to say, this choreographer is not
only
arguably
the
greatest
choreographer in history, but our
choreographer.
The logistics are impressive: 150 people came from New York, including 94
dancers; an additional 60 board members and patrons came for the opening
and a gala dinner. Four sea freight containers were sent, containing costumes,
scenery, props, lighting booms, physical
therapy equipment, orchestra music and
stage management supplies. (These include floor tape, tissues, ammonia, mops,
Sharpies, bandages and Altoids.)
Houses have been full, critics have
been fulsome, and audiences rapturously appreciative. Meanwhile, the
dancers have been enjoying Parisian life,
sightseeing on their days off, hanging out
in cafes and occasionally proposing marriage. Here are some snapshots of City
Ballet in Paris, and edited excerpts from
conversations with the dancers.
Peter Martins, above, the companys ballet master

in chief, whose classes are well attended by the
dancers. I notice how hard you work, Mr. Martins said. A dancer, right, warming up before going
onstage at the Thtre du Chtelet.
ALEX CRETEY-SYSTERMANS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Justin Peck
Justin Peck, a soloist with City Ballet
as well as its resident choreographer,
came to Paris a month earlier than his
colleagues to work with the Paris Opera
Ballet. His Entre Chien et Loup for
Paris Opera has been running at the
same time as the City Ballet season.
Its my first experience working in
Europe, and it has been so nice to be living here and not feel so much like a tourist, Mr. Peck said over a coffee on Monday. I stayed in the Marais, which was
great because I could walk to work every
day. Sometimes I did class with the Paris
Opera Ballet, other times Id warm up by
myself and listen to my music to get into
the right head space.
Basically in any off time, Ive tried to
eat my way through Paris. Id go with
[the choreographer] Bill Forsythe, who
was also working at the Opera, to this
great French place near the Palais Garnier, and I have a favorite French-Japanese new wave place.
Clockwise from above: the

choreographer and dancer Justin
Peck; Miriam Miller, near left, with
another dancer; Mr. Fairchild; from
left, the dancers Craig Hall, Brittany
Pollack and Lauren Lovette.
notice how hard you work, Mr. Martins
told a corps de ballet dancer after the
class. I always notice.
Craig Hall, Lauren Lovette and

Brittany Pollack
Robert Fairchild
Dancing at Chtelet was a homecoming for Robert Fairchild, a City Ballet
principal who starred in Christopher
Wheeldons production of An American
in Paris, which appeared at the Chtelet
in 2014 before opening on Broadway in
April 2015.
The first day, after class, we ran over
to the stage, and I got the chills seeing
that house again, said Mr. Fairchild, who
left the show in March. But Ive tried not
to compare the experiences. One was
making a Broadway show here; we were
in the theater all day long, and you only
went out to get a sandwich. This time has
been more about living here and doing

things in Paris. Its nice to be here with
Tiler [Peck, Mr. Fairchilds wife, also a
City Ballet principal]. We also went back
to a lovely restaurant at the top of the
Muse du Quai Branly, because after I
proposed we had gone there for dinner,
but we were so tired that we were falling
asleep at the table. It was good to go
back there and be awake this time!
Peter Martins
Mr. Martins doesnt teach company
class every day, but when he does, there
is always a near-full turnout of dancers,
and on Tuesday morning, almost 90 bodies were crammed into the studio space
at Thtre de la Ville, where the dancers
do their daily class and rehearse. (Its
across the plaza from Chtelet.) Mr. Mar-
tins gives near-telegraphic instructions,

indicating steps by motioning silently
with his hands; the dancers seem to pick
it up by osmosis or telepathy. Unusual
rhythmic accents and quick differences
in dynamics (from fast to slow, sharp to
soft) give some clues about why the City
Ballet style is so specific to this company.
The dancers worked with concentration,
finishing with a partnering sequence. I
Craig Hall, a soloist, is retiring this season and performing some of his last
shows in Paris, although he will remain
with the company as a ballet master. Its
a really great way to end off, he said, as
he, Lauren Lovette and Brittany Pollack
set off for the le Saint-Louis in search of
the famed Berthillon ice cream. Ms.
Lovette, a principal, said that she had
visited the Normandy war memorial on
an off day, and had been very moved at
the sight of thousands of graves. Its
part of our history too, she added. She
had a more upbeat excursion to the
Champagne region to visit Ruinart,
which supplies the bubbly stuff to City
Ballet. They gave us an amazing vintage Champagne to try, then more over
lunch, she said. Probably not so wise of
us, but we figured, were in France!
C6
IMAGES BY MANJU SHANDLER
Art Joins Artifacts

At Sept. 11 Museum
certainty and mourning.
Museum employees have long kept
track of artworks that referenced Sept.
11., Ms. Greenwald said. Recently, they
selected works by 13 artists that had
never been displayed together but had
been shown at places like the Mary
Boone Gallery, the New-York Historical
Society and the New Orleans Museum of
Art.
Curators chose works they believed
would resonate together, Ms. Greenwald
said, adding that some commonalities
had emerged. All of the artists in the
show are from New York, and some had
studios in Lower Manhattan at the time
of the attacks. Some also had friends or
relatives that were killed on Sept. 11.
Several artists chose to focus on the
sky, depicting dust clouds that filled the
air, documents that were carried off by
the wind or, in one case, the bodies that
plunged from the towers as they burned.
Exhibit 13, created by the three
founding members of the Blue Man
Group, is a four-minute video showing
scraps of singed paper from the towers,
including letters, calendar pages and
business records in various languages
that had been blown across the East
River and landed in Brooklyn.
The video, accompanied by somber

music and voices quoting from the documents is named after a phrase on one of
the documents and was intended as a
counterpoint to the more pointed tone of
contemporary news broadcasts.
There was a disparity between the
aggressive visual landscape of television
and a kind of a gentle horror that would
dawn on you, said Chris Wink, a Blue
Man founder. Each paper was a different life, a different story.
Mr. Fischls sculpture of a woman with
an outstretched arm is on loan to the 9/11
Museum from the Whitney Museum of
American Art. When it was first displayed at Rockefeller Center in 2002, the
work was deemed too disturbing for
some viewers and was removed earlier
than scheduled.
The piece, Mr. Fischl said this week,
was meant to represent those who fell or
jumped from the towers in what he called
the clearest illustration of the level of
horror that day, as well as his sense that
the country had become less sure-footed
after the attacks. Still, the work has an
element of hope.
I extended the arm of the woman because I had this fantasy that if this sculpture is out in public people will reach out
and grab the hand, he said. Almost in
an attempt to connect and also maybe to
slow the tumbling down.
TODD STONE
Clockwise from top left:

Three images from a
nearly 3,000-piece
painting installation by
Manju Shandler
representing victims of
the attacks; Lifting by
Todd Stone; Tumbling
Woman, a bronze
sculpture by Eric Fischl;
a singed document in
the video Exhibit 13.
BLUE MAN GROUP
ERIC FISCHL
A Quest for $300 Million to Fix a Bucolic but Aging Central Park
more of its budget in parks, said Daniel
L. Squadron, a Democratic state senator.
The fact that some conservancies are
able to solve it doesnt reduce the need to
do more.
But others counter that the private
support of Central Park enables the city
to spend public dollars in other boroughs. It frees up the city to put its capital dollars into other parks, Mr. Benepe
said.
To this end, Mayor Bill de Blasio announced a plan in 2014 to spend $285 million over four years to improve parks in
poor neighborhoods and last year struck
a deal with eight of the largest park conservancies to donate expertise, workers
time and cash to those areas.
Central Park really has happened
without tax payer debt service, said
Tupper Thomas, the executive director
of New Yorkers for Parks, an advocacy
organization. Theyve set the precedent
that you can give money to parks privately.
Ethan Carr, a landscape historian and
preservationist, said the park requires
ongoing repair. There were decades of
deferred maintenance, said Mr. Carr,
who edited the eighth volume of the Papers of Frederick Law Olmsted, the social reformer who designed Central Park
with the English architect Calvert Vaux.
Thats a tremendous burden of upkeep,
and the conservancy has taken that on.
The conservancy has served as the
steward of Central Park since 1980 and
today has an annual budget of $65 million for operating and capital expenses,
25 percent of which comes from the city
through a 10-year management agreement that was renewed in 2013. (The conservancy must raise the remaining 75
percent privately.)
It has already raised $112 million toward its $300 million goal, which includes a $25 million gift from the Thompson Family Foundation that will fund the
restoration of Belvedere Castle and the
parks Childrens District, including the
Dairy, Kinderberg, and Chess and Check-
ers House.
The intention of the parks designers
went well beyond pastoral scenery to
promoting a civilized, improved life for
citizens. The Dairy at the southern end,
for example, was constructed in 1870 as a
place where farmers could bring children fresh milk. Today the stone-andwood structure needs new doors, windows, and stairs; floors sag and the loggia could use a paint job.
The Naumburg Bandshell, a site of
free concerts, needs a new facade, stage
and upgraded infrastructure.
The new campaign also aims to return
arches, bridges and waterways to the
original vision of Olmsted and Vaux,

much of it inspired by woodlands in the
Adirondacks and the Catskills, as depicted in art from the period, like Asher
Brown Durands painting Kindred
Spirits.
The designers wanted the North
Woods to be the Adirondacks for people
of New York City who couldnt afford to
go to the Adirondacks, Mr. Blonsky said.
Olmsted and Vaux were also meticulous managers of the park, though they
found themselves ousted by Boss Tweed
and frustrated by having to put the park
back in order when they returned after
his 18-month tenure.
The natural underwood has been

grubbed up, Olmsted wrote at the time,
the trees, to a height of 10 to 15 feet,
trimmed to bare poles.
Forever Green hopes to rebuild the
gazebo-like landings surrounding the
boat pond, some of which disappeared
100 years ago and were redone in the 70s
in a different style
We even brought the pitch pine back,
Mr. Blonsky said, referring to a type of
tree.
The landscape architect Michael Van
Valkenburgh said the conservancys efforts represent a growing recognition of
the importance of city parks by the pri-
HIROKO MASUIKE/THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Conservatory Garden still blooms with flowers, but the cracked paving hasnt been touched since the 1930s.
vate sector. Private philanthropy is

making extraordinary contributions to
support and build urban parks at an unprecedented scale across the nation, he
said.
Mr. Paulson, whose 2012 gift amounted
to the largest monetary donation in the
history of New York Citys and possibly the nations park system, said that
of all his philanthropic activities, his investment in the conservancy has had
the highest impact by positively affecting more people per dollar invested than
any other organization.
Mr. Blonsky said that Mr. Paulsons
gift had been transformative, enabling
the conservancy to start on many infrastructure projects and leverage other
funds.
Part of the goal of Forever Green is
to make the park more self-sustaining.
(The conservancy already turns fallen
leaves into compost and recycles its
garbage.)
Ultimately, all the refurbishment may
not be visible to the eye, like redoing a
shore edge; replacing the invasive Japanese knotweed with varied plant material; or caring for the many species of
trees, including willow, locust, dawn redwood, maple, oak and London plane.
But parks all over the world will be
learning from these efforts. The conservancy has long made a point of training
park users and managers. Three years
ago, the conservancy formalized this effort by establishing an educational arm:
the Institute for Urban Parks, which is
exploring a partnership with organizations like the Earth Institute at Columbia
University.
Despite having started at the conservancy 31 years ago as a landscape architect and having logged about six
miles a day walking the park, Mr. Blonsky seems to retain a childs sense of
wonder about the place.
Youd never know youre in the middle of Manhattan, he said, as he trudged
up a dirt path. Thats the beauty of the
park. It was all done to look like it was
Gods work.
EVENING
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The Couch in Rainbow Colors

A collage on gay identity in the office
of Joy Turek, the psychology
chairwoman at Antioch, made by
students in a class Dr. Turek teaches.
The advent of an L.G.B.T.-affirming philosophy in clinical psychology is helping to

shape the course of therapy, though it is not without its doubters.
By CASEY SCHWARTZ
CULVER CITY, CALIF. Are we ready to ex-
THI S I S
A RAD I CA L
MIS SION, A
REVOLUTI ONA RY
MIS SI ON.
pose ourselves? J. D. Fuller asked, halfway through the graduate-level psychology

class she teaches on Tuesday nights at Antioch University.
Ms. Fullers students needed no further
prompting. They began shedding layers, revealing what theyd been wearing underneath: T-shirts on which they had scrawled
names, labels and insults in Magic Marker
ink.
Around the room, the collection was various: Sissy, AIDS, pedophile, pervert,
fag, str8t-acting, socialite, fat,
bland, emotionally white, immigrant,
stupid American.
Welcome to L.G.B.T. Multicultural Coun-
seling and Mental Health, one of the required classes in Antiochs specialized
course of training. The students, ranging in
age from 20-something to 50-something,
are on their way to becoming what are
known
as
L.G.B.T.-affirming
psychotherapists.
This is how your client walks in the
room, Ms. Fuller said. Fully exposed. All
their fears up front about stereotypes
youve heard. Everything they fear you
think about them.
Ms. Fuller, herself a clinical social worker,
had begun class an hour before by clarifying that she is a male-identified, AfricanAmerican lesbian. On her shirt, she had
written: lazy, loud, angry. Around the
room, students were looking at one anoth-
ers handiwork with sheepish curiosity,

waiting for someone to break the silence.
Let me just speak first, said Bradlisia
Dixon, a petite woman with close-cropped
hair and big hoop earrings. I didnt do the
shirt because it was very triggering for me.
I even brought the shirt to work with me,
and it sat in my purse, and I was like, I kind
of need to do this shirt, and I kind of dont
want to do this shirt. And that happened for
days in a row, and finally I said, Im not doing the shirt.
I appreciate your being honest about
that, Ms. Fuller told her. Thank you. I support that.
Started in 2006, Antiochs program is, to
its leaders knowledge, the countrys first
and only graduate-level L.G.B.T.-affirming
clinical psychology specialization. Yet it is

part of a growing trend in highly specialized
psychotherapy, which in recent years has
become especially pronounced with regard
to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender
patients.
Our working hypothesis is that L.G.B.T.
people are born that way, with their own
psychology, their own framework, their
own needs, said Doug Sadownick, who is
one of the founders and was the director of
the program until earlier this year. That
maybe there is something in the makeup of
gay and lesbian and bi and trans people that
is unique to them, that is psychologically
gay, psychologically bi, that is psychologically trans and queer. That is not going to be understood through any lens but
CONTINUED ON PAGE D8
The Concert T-Shirt Grows Up

With a new fashion-forward
sensibility, merchandise is
grabbing new fans.
By MATTHEW SCHNEIER
DOLLY FAIBYSHEV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Encore, Encore
At New York Fashion Week: Mens, there was plenty of justification to keep the fledgling program going. By Guy Trebay, Page 6
They waited three hours, sometimes in

driving rain, to ascend to the fifth floor of a
parking garage in Miami Beach. It was the
Fourth of July weekend, but the lines went
down the block. The promised land was a
glass box aerie filled with Justin Bieberbranded T-shirts, sweatshirts and hats.
The box could have been a merchandise
stand at a Bieber concert most of the
items were branded Purpose, the name of
Mr. Biebers new album (which debuted at
No. 1 on the Billboard 200 chart) and current
tour except that it was in Alchemist, a
fashion boutique with an outpost in the garage of a Herzog & de Meuron complex. The
shop more often is given over to high-end
womens wear by Rick Owens, Chrome
Hearts or Haider Ackermann. But for two
days, a collection of Bieberiana took over
the space, drawing not only Mr. Biebers
die-hard fans and the requisite eBay resellers, but also streetwear wonks and fashion girls, Mr. Biebers new converts.
Its funny, said Roma Cohen, the owner
of Alchemist. Ive never really had anything that is for those high-fashion fans that
love Rick and Chrome Hearts as well as
their little sisters.
The pop-up resulted in the stores best 48
hours of business ever.
Mr. Biebers tour hits Madison Square
Garden next week. Touring in tandem,
aligned with but not always tethered to Mr.
Biebers performances, is his Purpose merchandise, a boutiques worth of clothes and
accessories edging ever further from mere
CONTINUED ON PAGE 2
JEFF KRAVITZ/FILMMAGIC
Justin Biebers wares are edging closer to a real fashion collection.
D2
Above, a jacket from Justin

Biebers Purpose tour that
will be sold exclusively by
Barneys New York. Mat
Vlasic near right, and
members of his team at
Bravado, a company that
creates merchandise and
fashion items for pop artists.
TAWNI BANNISTER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES; BRAVADO (JACKET)
The Concert T-Shirt Grows Up

CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
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memorabilia and closer to a fully fledged, if

single-minded, fashion collection. It is finding an eager audience not necessarily in the
besotted ranks of preteen Beliebers. Now at
pop-up shops, at multibrand retailers eager
to court and convert fans, and a dedicated
online store for those who may never get
close to Mr. Bieber at all, Purpose pieces are
coming in and, just as soon, flying out.
Theyre still coming in for it, calling and
emailing, Mr. Cohen said. The few pieces
that are still available in Alchemists other
location on the complexs ground floor hang
alongside items by the French couturier
Azzedine Alaa.
The interest of a newly rabid fashion fan
base in what used to be dismissed as mere
merch has not gone unnoticed by the
fashion industry. Mr. Bieber is riding the
wave of a boom in concert merchandise,
and after seeing the more fashion-forward
aesthetic of the Purpose merchandise, and
the success of its pop-ups, Barneys New
York will carry an exclusive Purpose capsule collection. It arrives July 16 at Barneys
stores in New York, Beverly Hills, Calif.,
and San Francisco and online. It is the first
time Barneys has carried a musicians touring merchandise.
It was a no-brainer for me, said Jay Bell,
a senior vice president at Barneys who
oversees the mens designer section. It is
the first time weve done it, but it felt right.
It felt like something that would resonate
with our customers, and that could sit
seamlessly with the other brands we sell.
The Barneys capsule collection ranges
from the expected T-shirts to jerseys and
jeans, all the way to $1,675 leather jackets.
Its important for an artist to break out of
that idea of merch as a T-shirt, as a simple
memento souvenir, because at the end of
the day, theyre driving the trends, said
Mat Vlasic, the newly appointed chief executive of Bravado, a merchandise and licensing company that produces Mr. Biebers
Purpose collection. Theyre driving fashion. They should own it a little more. And we
should, too.
Concert tees, especially vintage ones,
have been status-symbol garments for
decades. Industry veterans fondly recall
the graphic forays of the Grateful Dead; for
a younger generation, there was Axl Rose,
bellowing onstage in his own Guns N Roses
tee. But todays artists are accustomed to hobnobbing in
the fashion world, which
both supports them and harnesses their celebrity for its
own ends. Rihanna is a face of
Dior; in 2015, Mr. Bieber was
made a chiseled body of
Calvin Klein, which also
sponsors the Purpose tour.
With the business of
merchandise on the rise
(Bravados
revenues
have increased fourfold
since Universal Music
Group acquired the
company in 2007), it
was perhaps inevitable
that some artists would
look to expand their collections themselves.
Mr. Bieber is only the latest artist to
nudge his merchandise into the realm of
fashion. The godfather of the current phenomenon is Kanye West, the fashion-obsessed rapper who has toggled between
fashion and music, trying out a high-end
womens collection at Paris Fashion Week
before settling into the sportier Yeezy collection for men and women.
But he has been just as attuned to his
graphic, self-branded touring merchandise,
taking cues from the fashion industry to
promote and distribute it: niggling over details in the in-arena merch stands, announcing pop-ups minutes before they open.
His Yeezus items remain hot tickets on
resale sites, and in February he presented a
new Yeezy collection; a new album, The
Life of Pablo; and a Pablo merchandise collection of hats, sweats, shirts, jackets and
more all at the same time. With the merchandise for the Yeezus and Pablo tours,
Mr. West, wrote the Ringer website last
month, has done nothing less than set a
streetwise blueprint for concert merch. In
fact, the Pablo merchanise predates the
Pablo concert tour, which starts in August.
His fellow stars took note. Now Beyonc
sells fashionably ironic shirts that read
Boycott Beyonc. Selena Gomez has a 30piece collection of her own including bandannas and patch-covered denim shorts
for sale at her Revival tour concerts or
available for pre-order. Zayn Malik recently
began selling his Arabic-printed bomber
jackets and hoodies online.
Working hand in hand with many of the
top artists not only Mr. Bieber, but Mr.
West, Ms. Gomez and Guns N Roses, too
is Bravado. (Despite being owned by Uni-
From top: Gilda Ambrosio, Chiara Ferragni and

shoppers waiting to get into a Bieber pop-up in
Miami Beach.
At Alchemist, a boutique in
Miami Beach. Left, a shirt that
will be sold by Barneys.
FROM TOP: CHRISTIAN VIERIG/GETTY
IMAGES; TIMUR EMEK/GETTY IMAGES; KEN
RODRIGUEZ/ALCHEMIST (STORE, CROWD);
BRAVADO (SHIRT)
versal Music Group, Bravado

is not limited to Universal
artists.)
Bravado functions as a fashion house in miniature, with its
own design studio, production
contracts and licensers who
broker
deals for its artists and its merchandise. A tour through the Bravado showroom in its concrete offices in Midtown
Manhattan takes a visitor past Queenbranded wine, Rolling Stones tequila, Beatles Hot Wheels cars and a Michael Jackson
slot machine.
On Bravados in-house design team, 16
people work on lines for more than 200
artists, many of whom are directly involved
in the process. Ariana Grande had been
FaceTiming the Bravado team in the days
before one meeting there; the rapper Desiigner was en route to a meeting at the office
after another. In an earlier generation,
many of Bravados design team would have
labored over album sleeves in fact, some
did. Dawud West, a veteran of Def Jam
records, where he designed an album cover
for Jay Z, now designs Guns N Roses Tshirts for Bravado.
Print work is not really in demand anymore, he said. Merchandise has helped to
fill the void.
For those young fans still in the market
for a T-shirt with Mr. Biebers angelic preteen face the merchandise of an earlier
era the older goods are, quietly, still available. But for Purpose, Mr. Bieber enlisted
Jerry Lorenzo, whose best-selling Fear of
God label makes up the majority of his touring wardrobe, to work with Bravado on a
collection that, unlike his previous merchandise, he was willing to wear himself,
and does.
The intervention of Mr. Lorenzo, who previously worked with Mr. West on his Yeezus
tour designs, brought a harder, more fashion-forward edge, drawing on the heavy
metal and rock tees of the past. It was part
of a very conscious effort to recalibrate
Mr. Biebers image, Mr. Vlasic said: He

very much was in a narrow demo of
screaming girls, and all of a sudden the
doors flipped open to a much larger audience. His apparel, as well as his new sound,
has brought new fans into the fold (or at
least out of the shadows).
Justins fan base is gigantic, said Scooter Braun, who discovered Mr. Bieber, now
22, on YouTube a decade ago and still acts as
his manager. But I do think that there are
people who stream his music who before
didnt want anyone else to know they were
streaming it. The fashion sensibility of the
tour merch has made it cool to put the name
Bieber on the front of your chest and wear it
proudly. Whether it brought new fans, I
dont know. Whether it made closet fans
step out into the open? I believe so.
There they were, lined up outside VFiles,
the trendsetting SoHo boutique, at the first
Bieber pop-up, in May, waiting to buy. We
nearly had a riot in the street, said Julie
Anne Quay, the founder of VFiles.
Mr. Vlasic recalled, It wasnt really Bieber fans on the line. (Those fans were
camped out across the street, to get the best
view of Mr. Bieber if he came.) It was made
up mostly of streetwear guys. I call them
the Hypebeast, Supreme guys. That was
the most interesting thing.
While many of the Bieber pieces went up
instantaneously on eBay, thanks to profiteering resellers, more than a few have
found their way to Grailed, a new online resale marketplace aimed squarely at the
streetwear demographic. Eighty pieces so
far have been listed since the pop-ups began, said Lawrence Schlossman, the brand
director of Grailed, and 60 percent of those
sold immediately, though they do not elicit
the fervor of limited editions by Supreme or
Yeezus pieces by Mr. West. (Before Purpose, it would have been a
sacrilegious thing to say
the word Supreme and
Justin Bieber in the same
sentence, Mr. Vlasic said.)
For women, too, Purpose
has become part of a highend designer wardrobe, to
judge by the editors and designers who have taken to
wearing it.
Gilda Ambrosio, whose
collection, Attico, was recently touted in the pages
of Vogue, often wears Mr.
Biebers merchandise; at
Pitti Uomo, the Florentine
mens wear fair, she wore a
Purpose Staff T-shirt with a vintage floral
skirt, and Louis Vuitton accessories. Mr.
Bieber noticed and put up a photo on his Instagram. When 1,000 people text you about
your picture on Justins Instagram, you really understand how powerful music still
is, Ms. Ambrosio said.
Many have noted a kinship between cult
T-shirts by Vetements, fashions runway
fascination of the moment, and those in the
Purpose collection. Rather than carp about
the connection, Demna Gvasalia, the Vetements head designer, embraced it. A sweatshirt from the fall 2016 collection reads
Justin 4Ever, and Mr. Gvasalia created a
Staff shirt of his own, which he wore to the
Vetements fashion show in July. (The back
of the Bieber Staff shirt lists the Purpose
tour dates; the back of the Vetements one
lists the members of the Vetements team, in
the same style.) The Vetements T-shirt will
be sold as part of its spring 2017 collection, a
spokeswoman confirmed.
Weve seen those, Mr. Lorenzo said of
the Vetements pieces. We kind of riff on
their vibe, too.
As Purpose noses its way into Fashion
Week, it raises the question: Is it fashion?
Mr. Bieber himself, who expressed his admiration for fashion labels everything
from Saint Laurent to Calvin Klein to
Yeezy noted that mens fashion in particular is indebted to streetwear, skate, sport
and rock, as is his collection.
Im happy and proud people are reacting
to it and adopting it, he said via a spokesman. I dont think of our tour merch as being fashion. Thats a really high compliment for what it is. But I am really happy we
were able to dial in to something cool the
way we did.
Not every one of his admirers is inclined
to agree.
Chiara Ferragni, creator of the website
the Blonde Salad (called the worlds most
popular fashion blog by a Harvard Business School case study), snapped up a Bieber T-shirt and wore it with faux patent
leather pants, Dior shoes and Balenciaga
bag, to the delight of her more than six million fans.
I saw it on one of my friends and I was
like, I have to get that, she said. Something that back in the day we would have
found so stupid and never be caught dead
wearing is now the hit piece of the season.
Browsing
E RI CA M. BLUME NTHAL
WHERE WE SHOP
Playing
Hard to Get
PHOTOGRAPHS BY STEFANIA CURTO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Atelier Mira, a luxury optical boutique, opened quietly

on Grand Street in Brooklyn this
spring. Now, at least when the L
train stops running, Williamsburg residents wont have to
worry about finding fabulous
eyewear. The owners are Assia
and Rama Valentin (left), eyewear distributors known for
representing Anne & Valentin
(which Mr. Valentins parents
founded) and Theo eyewear.
Their selection focuses on handmade frames from independent
and hard-to-find international
labels, like La Petite Lunette
Rouge from France, Masahiro
Maruyama from Japan and
Kuboraum, an unconventional
and dark line designed in Berlin
and Anne & Valentin and
Theo, of course. Prices range
from $300 to $600, with a few
upward of $1,000. For the eyewear connoisseur, here is a new
go-to destination.
Atelier Mira, 224 Grand Street,
Brooklyn; ateliermira.com.
FIRST LOOK
Clothing the Adventurer

Marina Cortbawi, an
Australian who has worked
in New York for Oscar de la
Renta and, most recently, Carolina Herrera, where she managed international sales, has
taken her experience as a world
traveler to introduce her own
line. Merlette, named for a village in St. Barts and a bird in
French heraldry that symbolizes
the restless traveler, was conceived for the women Ms. Cortbawi met on her work trips
women who are always hungry
to travel, excited about new
experiences and living in new
places, as she characterized
them. The easy pieces are made
in cotton with eyelet and handembroidered details. Theres a

matching short-sleeve top, $160,
and ruffled skirt, $200 (a great
little duo that comes in black and
white); a long-sleeve dress with
smocking, $320; and a red wrap
blouse with balloon sleeves,
$280. These are the things you
pack and know you will wear.
Merlette, $160 to $480 at
modaoperandi.com.
EA SY PI ECE S
TH AT A R E
R EA DY TO
TRAV EL .
A CARRYALL
S HOWS ITS
VE R S ATILIT Y.
TRAPPINGS
When Every Days a Picnic

This bamboo bag from the
Los Angeles accessories
label Cult Gaia, a reproduction of
a classic Japanese picnic bag,
should not be limited to the park.
Make it an unexpected everyday

carryall this summer.
Cult Gaia bamboo handbag, $98
for the large, $88 for the small, to
order at Fivestory; fivestory.com.
D3
D4
SKIN DEEP
Its All About Her Brows and Red Lipstick

Diane Kruger shares her
European beauty secrets, and
her obsession for working out.
The actress Diane Kruger, 39, has a full slate
this summer with roles in The Infiltrator,
which opened Wednesday, and Disorder,
which will be released in the United States
by mid-next month.
Ms. Kruger is known for her beauty, but
she grew up in Germany in a household
where, she said, talking about your appearance wasnt encouraged. Now, with
home bases in Paris and Los Angeles, and
frequent flights to New York for work, she
has amended her beauty and fitness
regimen here and there. Still, Ms. Kruger
said, shes more European in her sensibilities. See what shes using.
BEE SHAPIRO
Skin Care
I usually start the day with this face wash
from Uriage. It foams, and you can find it at
the French pharmacies. Ive been using it
for at least five years. Then I use a toner
from Kiehls. Its the blue one, a classic.
Right now because its summer, Ive been
using Chanel Hydra Beauty serum as my
moisturizer. And I always wear sunscreen.
The one Im using is also by Chanel, and its
SPF 50 but really light.
For eye cream, it depends. If I use one, its
by Uriage. This routine works for me. I tend
to break out easily, so I stick with what Ive
picked up over the years.
Im probably more European in my thinking because of where I grew up: the less is
more philosophy. My sunscreen habit is
from living in L.A., though I dont like to be
tan like some of the people there. And when
I go to New York, all the women are so on
top of it. They have their dermatologists
they see for this and that. I cant keep up. I
dont even pluck my brows.
But I will do a gommage, or an exfoliating
scrub, by Sensai. Its cool: Its a dry product,
you put it on your face and it works. I do it
once or twice a week.
Makeup
It depends on the state of my skin. If its a
good day, Ill just use a Cl de Peau concealer under my eyes and on any blemishes.
If its not a good day, then I do a BB cream or
the tinted moisturizer from Laura Mercier.
If Im going out, then its the Chanel Vitalumire Aqua.
Its interesting, because I do both American movies and French independent films
Im currently shooting a movie in the
South of France the difference with
makeup. In American movies, especially
the big-budget films, they definitely want
the leading lady to look as good as she can.
The French are always about being real,
and less is more. Sometimes I have to fight
to cover up my pimples.
Usually, though, if its not work, I just do a
brown mascara from the drugstore. But I always do a brow, even during the day. I use
an ash color pencil by Chanel. My brows are
naturally pretty thick, but I like to accentuate them because I think they give me character and frame my face. I dont need as
much makeup if I do my brows.
For night, I dont like black on my eyes,
but Ill usually do a dark brown liner, like a
cat-eye. I dont know why, but when Im in
PHOTOGRAPHS BY GUIA BESANA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES; PHOTOGRAPHED AT BALLS RESTAURANT IN PARIS
When I go to New York, all the women are so on top of it

... I cant keep up. I dont even pluck my brows.
The actress Diane
Kruger, who has two
films out this summer.
Paris, I tend to do just eyebrows and a red

matte lip. I love the MAC Ruby Woo, and I
have a bunch of different reds from Nars.
Fragrance
I wear Calvin Klein Beauty. I used to be the
face of it, but Im not anymore. I like the idea
of smelling the same for a long time. Before,
I wore the Burberry scent for five years.
Ive been on Beauty for about six years now.
Hair
Im a natural blonde but not a very pretty
blonde, so I used to get lots of highlights.
Then I had to do a reddish thing for a movie,
and I havent done anything to it since. Now
its growing out, and I think its the nicest
color Ive ever had. The red kind of washed
out, the old highlights have come through,
and my natural roots are out. Its darker
than it usually is, and Im loving it.
For cuts and color, I have someone in
Paris, David Mallett, and someone in L.A.,
Vanessa Spaeth, who is a freelancer and is
really good with blondes. L.A. blondes are
often too white. In New York, I go to Serge
Normant.
I often use David Mallett products. He
has a really beautiful repair mask. I also
BE AU T Y PRODU C TS
U SE D BY
DIANE KRU GE R.
love the Christophe Robin rose shampoo,

and sometimes I use his oil on the ends of
my hair. For styling, I like Ouai dry shampoo and texturizing spray. I love the smell.
And I also love Oribe products.
Other Services
I do massages. I prefer more of a Thai massage, something thats more energizing.
Ive tried acupuncture but just cant get into
it. Im not a spa junkie.
Diet and Fitness
I eat everything in moderation I dont like
junk food anyway but I do exercise a lot.
Im probably overdoing it. I used to be a ballet dancer, but then for years I didnt work
out. As I got older and felt I needed to get
toned and all those things, I started going to
the gym. I also like to be outdoors, to cycle
and hike. But now that Im exercising, I
cant just go two or three times a week. Suddenly its working out every day for an hour
and a half.
Paris is actually terrible for exercise.
Twenty years ago, when I first moved here,
there was nothing. Its gotten better, but the
equipment is often really old. Its harder to
find good classes. For sure, L.A. and New
York are fitness havens.
Swooning at Fashion Week Isnt Always Caused by the Designs

By STEVEN KURUTZ
At the New York Fashion Week: Mens

shows last February, more than a dozen
male models gathered in a building in the
West Village for a presentation of the California-based line CWST. The labels designers, Joe Sadler and Derek Buse, had been
inspired by the Pacific Northwest and
grunge rock. The models stood on high
podiums, dressed in multilayers of wool and
shearling, including beanies, with hot lights
shining on them for over an hour.
For one young model named Logan
Flatte, it was too much. As Mr. Sadler was
showing the fall collection to an important
buyer from Saks Fifth Avenue, Mr. Flatte
tried to get the designers attention before
succumbing and collapsing like felled timber.
He fell into my arms I had to catch
him, Mr. Sadler said afterward, surprised
and concerned.
Sorry, man. I had tunnel vision, a woozy
Mr. Flatte explained once he had been
spirited to a chair in the back of the room
and given a bottle of water.
Though fainting happens with some regularity at fashion shows, and will likely happen again this week during New York Fashion Week: Mens, each time it shocks. These
are healthy young men and women, in their
cardiac and respiratory prime, hired
specifically for their freakish physical gifts.
What gives?
You think its an easy job to just wear the
clothes, said Devin Carlson, creative director of the mens wear label Chapter. Its actually a pretty crazy thing to ask somebody
to stand in a certain position for an hour and
not move.
Mr. Carlson was referring to standing
presentations like the CWST show, where
fainting occurs more often than at runway
shows, perhaps for good reason. At
Left, Logan Flatte, far right

among the four models on the
podium, fainted during the
CWST presentation in
February. Right, a model who
fainted during the Blue Les
Copains fashion presentation
last February.
STEFANIA CURTO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
JENNIFER S. ALTMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
presentations, models are asked to be living

mannequins, posing under bright display
lights for one to two hours without a break.
Summer shows can be physically brutal
with the heat and humidity (the weather
calls for temperatures in the mid 80s this
week), but so can shows that take place in
February, when the models, wearing
clothes for the next fall season, may be
dressed indoors like theyre outside on a ski
mountain.
Then theres the stress of the buyers and
editors gawking at them, and the flash of
cameras in their eyes.
We had one model pass out within five
minutes of us starting, Mr. Carlson said of a
presentation a few seasons back. She got
wobbly and passed out, and some dressers
caught her before she hit the ground.
Though presentations are a cost-effective
and increasingly common way for designers to show editors their clothes, many
models dislike and even dread them, said
Drew Linehan, who produces, casts and
styles fashion shows.
Mr. Linehan remembered one mens
wear presentation in New York a few seasons back in which models were on a rotating turntable, wearing heavy wool coats
and cashmeres. The concept didnt go over
well, he said: After the show, a very wellknown model, the nicest guy, said to me, I
just want you to know Im a model, not a rotisserie chicken.
Maurilio Carnino, a casting director, said
in his experience fainting happens more
frequently among female models, partly because they work more. For women, fashion
week lasts a month, worldwide, he said of
the grueling schedule.
But for all the rigors of the job, many say

its what happens outside of the shows that
leads to wooziness: staying out late clubbing the night before, spending the morning
rushing from appointment to appointment,
forgetting to eat or hydrate.
Teenagers and early 20-somethings living on their own in a big city arent the best
at caring for themselves. Its become customary before shows and presentation for
models to receive a pep talk on basic human
functions.
Right before a show I say, Make sure
you go to the bathroom, drink some water,
said Philip Gomez, a freelance stylist and
art director. I make it clear: If youre feeling the slightest illness, please step off. Because the worst that can happen is a model
faints in front of the editors or photographers.
For his part, Mr. Flatte explained that he
had been running around all morning and
had done another show earlier that day and
was feeling stretched thin. A lot of us dont
get to eat much, he said.
Mr. Sadler and Mr. Buse, the CWST designers, were nothing but sympathetic.
Are you O.K.? Are you hydrated? Mr.
Buse asked, during one of the many times
he came back to check on the model.
Still, for the remainder of the presentation, Mr. Flatte sat in the back of the room
looking dejected and self-castigating, like a
pitcher who gives up five runs in the first
inning before being yanked from the game.
A woman was overheard whispering to a
friend, Theres the model that passed out.
Perhaps models are not as physically superhuman as popularly imagined, even
when, like Mr. Flatte, they are 6-foot-3,
blond, blue-eyed, longhaired Thor lookalikes.
As Mr. Carnino put it: Theyre humans.
Theyre fragile creatures.
D5
D6
CRITICS NOTEBOOK
CASEY KELBAUGH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
ELIZABETH PANTALEO / NOWFASHION
Left, Michael Kors,

spring 2017. Above,
David Hart, spring 2017.
Letting the Real World In, for a Change

The New York mens shows
acknowledge bracing events
beyond the runways.
Left, looks from Wood House, a

label designed by a 26-year-old
American serviceman stationed
in South Korea.
By GUY TREBAY
Topping off the clear liquid in his plastic

drinking cup, Michael Kors signaled that it
was time to get started. Ive refilled my
vodka, so Im ready to roll, the designer
said.
It was at 11 a.m. on a Tuesday and Mr. Kors
was joking. I think.
From that point forward he was all business, presenting a fine and restrained
spring mens wear collection to a small assortment of invited critics and editors, as is
his custom.
To observe the intensity of Mr. Korss focus as he describes, say, perfectly proportioned wide-legged chambray denim
trousers or a khaki colored tissue-poplin
windbreaker/blazer designed for some
imaginary moneyed young man on the go is
to gain insight into a quality he consistently
projects, whether on Project Runway, at
an investor conference or in department
store trunk shows: sincerity.
And sincerity has unexpectedly formed a
thematic at New York Fashion Week:
Mens, still fledgling in its third season yet
defying naysayers by showing plenty of
cause for its continued existence.
Right out of the gate, an unknown 26year-old American designer appeared with
a collection taking inspiration from the
wrapped garments of South Korea. That is
where, as it happens, the designer Julian
Woodhouse, a gay African-American man
is stationed as a first lieutenant in the
United States Army.
Mr. Woodhouse hoarded leave time to
come to New York Fashion Week: Mens
and used his military pay to fund the Wood
House show. Passion like that cannot be
counterfeit.
The pace of fashion week is often so intense, the designer pile-on so frenetic, it is
easy to miss the fact that the more crucial
message being transmitted has little to do
NOWFASHION
CASEY KELBAUGH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
with runway trends.

Sure, there were collections by young talents like David Hart, a thoughtful designer
who drew on a fascination with the work of
LeRoy Grannis, an early god of surf photography, and the Kodachrome slides of vintage travel shots taken decades ago by his
own 94-year-old grandfather to conjure an
assured, unflashy contemporary version of
SoCal dressing.
There
were
equally
thoughtful
presentations by other growing labels, like
Carlos Campos, which presented a finely
tuned riff on the guayabera, the jacket-like
shirt popular throughout the Caribbean,
and by the Brooklyn-based designers of Cadet, who capitalized on recent financial support from the fashion industry to expand
the horizons of a label inspired as the
name suggests by military wear.
On a private visit to the Vatican Gallery of
Tapestries, the Cadet designers Raul
Arevalo and Brad Schmidt got the notion of
building a show of shorts-suits with deep
elasticized waistlines and tunic-like shirts
with either zippered or pinned shoulder closures on the garb of Roman centurions.
I thought, lets play with that, but not be
so literal, Mr. Arevalo said before the Cadet
show.
The Latin phrases printed on some of the
clothes also came about as a result of that
European outing. Show notes rendered
some of them in English for the uneducated
among us. And if it happened that the designers misspelled the best known, Amor
Vincit Omnia, they still got points for trying
and, moreover, for producing a sweatshirt
whose philosophy, Fac Fortia et Patere, has
a pointed relevance at this moment in
American history.
It is no stretch to ally the motto Do Brave
Deeds and Endure with the hashtags of the
Black Lives Matter movement, some of
whose members staged a small but effective silent protest outside the Skylight
Clarkson Sq space in Lower Manhattan,
where the majority of the New York Fashion
Week: Mens events were held.
With raised fists and hands, and wearing
black T-shirts printed with the names of
Sandra Bland or Walter Scott and the chilling slogan Stop Killing Us, the protesters
stood all day outside fashion week head-
works in sales at Lanvin and who conceived

of the demonstration. But it refuses to acknowledge the importance of black lives.
If in the morning Ms. Stoudemire expressed frustration with the Council of
Fashion Designers of America, which organized New York Fashion Week: Mens, and
the industry over all, by late in the day,
when the protest broke up, she had judged
the action a success.
I talked to Steven Kolb, Ms. Stoudemire
said, referring to the C.F.D.A. president,
and I told him I was heartbroken that the
industry I loved didnt love me back, that it
didnt love or recognize black lives, and he
listened. He posted our picture to the
C.F.D.A. account on Instagram, which was
huge.
Whatever its shortcomings, the New
York fashion industry deserves credit for
engaging with politically sensitive issues
that its colleagues across the ocean refuse
to recognize, let alone touch.
Over the last five weeks, designers in Europe consistently sidestepped or ignored
terrorism, gun violence and the vast humanitarian crisis caused by waves of displaced people flooding the Continent.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY DOLLY FAIBYSHEV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
quarters, flanking a curbside gantlet where

the style peacocks the writer Holly
Brubach got it right when she termed them
hot nobodies strut for the cameras.
Some stopped to stare at the protesters or
to snap pictures. Others, like a young black
woman dressed in a Yeezy bomber with a
confounding Confederate flag patch on one
sleeve, sauntered by with an air of unconcern.
This industry benefits from black people, from black stylists and black models
and black professionals of every kind, said
Hannah Stoudemire, a style blogger who
Above, the Cadet designers

Brad Schmidt, left, and Raul
Arevalo at their show. Above
left, a Cadet model being
readied backstage.
GUY TREBAY/THE NEW YORK TIMES
A Black Lives Matter protest outside Skylight Clarkson Sq, the main site for New
York Fashion Week: Mens. Left, Carlos Campos, spring 2017.
They blithely showed collections with

military inspirations or organized around
themes of glamping and vagabond life. A
few staged shows that used white models
exclusively. They cast underage kids.
While New York Fashion Week: Mens
has not exactly stormed the ramparts, it has
at least shown a bracing awareness of a
wider world.
This can be seen in, for instance, a beautiful chromatic dispersion both on and off the
runways, shows cast using models of
virtually every ethnicity like Cesar
Ernesto, a coffee-complexioned 20-year-old
beauty scouted on the street in SoHo, the
tattooed Brazilian Jonathan Bellini, and the
handsome shaven-headed Korean Sung Jin
Park and attended by a population similarly diverse.
It can be seen in the Black Lives Matter
protest and the swift reaction to it by an important C.F.D.A. official and also in the
leather bracelets worn by many front-row
types.
The bracelets were created by Donna
Karan and Lise Evans as part of an Urban
Zen initiative to protest gun violence. Fabricated in Haiti, they are sold to benefit Everytown for Gun Safety. Each is stamped
with three words that have become a rallying cry in the movement to reform gun control laws: Not One More.
A slogan on a shirt wont change the
world any more than a hashtag will. Yet
there is cause to take heart when designers
like Mr. Arevalo and Mr. Schmidt use a fashion show to convey a message that right
now seems needful.
Bono Malum Superate, read a garment
worn by one of the modern-day Cadet
centurions: Overcome Evil With Good.
SCENE CITY
D7
Bote Sanatorium
ALPHABET CI TY
Pitching a Tent for Mens Fashion Week

The weeks top parties were
hosted by Amazon Fashion,
Cadillac and Dazed Media.
By PATRICK HEIJ
As far as partying is concerned, New York

Fashion Week: Mens does not compare to
the debauchery of the larger fashion weeks.
But there were still plenty of opportunities
to hang with models, designers and celebrities.
The festivities began on Monday night,
when the Council of Fashion Designers of
America and Cadillac held a party at the
Cadillac House, the car brands new public
space in Lower Manhattan. Celebrities like
Left, models at the Amazon
Kellan Lutz, Shaun White and Jerry OConFashion and East Dane party at
nell mingled with fashion insiders, and
the Prime Lounge. Above,
Common performed.
Jefferson Hack, left, founder of
On Tuesday, Amazon Fashion and East
Dazed Media, and Hari Nef at a
Dane, the brother site to Shopbop.com, indinner for Mr. Hacks new book.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY REBECCA SMEYNE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
vited scads of pretty boys to its plush Prime
Lounge at Skylight Clarkson Sq. There
were a few girls, too. Im front row for Rochambeau tomorrow, said Lais Ribeiro, the
Brazilian Victorias Secret Angel, wearing a
floral wrap from Alexandre Vauthier. Asked
if she was worried about the surging encroachment of mens fashion week, she
laughed. Oh, not at all, she said. The ladies support the boys.
Amazons lounge, cocooned by velvety
couches and blue curtains, was conceived
as a refuge from fashion week. But as the
wine flowed, the lounge became a fracas itself. In one corner, a scrum of male models
whooped with glee as they reaped Amazon
products raffled off via scratch cards. Another model carved out enough room to do
the Running Man Challenge dance, earning
cheers.
Also on Tuesday night, Jefferson Hack, a
founder of Dazed Media and the former Mr.
Kate Moss, celebrated his new book, We
Cant Do This Alone: Jefferson Hack the
Above from left, the model Anja Rubik at the Jefferson Hack
System, with a dinner at the Commissary,
dinner, and the model Niels Trispel outside the entrance to the
the airy new restaurant at the Metrograph,
Amazon
Fashion and East Dane party.
a boutique theater on the Lower
East Side.
Long, low-lit tables were
lined with artists, actors,
publishers and other altS CA D S O F PR ET T Y
world luminaries from Mr.
B OY S (A N D A FEW
Hacks enviable orbit. I live
GIR L S , TO O ).
in London, but Ive been
coming here for 20 years, so
Ive got quite a few friends
here, said Mr. Hack, wearing a
slim leather bomber and animalprint rockabilly shoes.
The gathering felt intimately familiar, as
if it were a weekly dinner party that had
been going on for years, which in a sense it
was. Oh, Ive known Jefferson for about
Left, at the dinner celebrating Jefferson Hacks new book.
forever, said Leigh Lezark, the Misshapes
Above, Cecilia Dean at the dinner at the Metrograph
D.J., wearing a Gucci ski sweater shed
Commissary.
paired with a satiny skirt.
Mazdack Rassi, the Milk Studios magnate, added: We used to run around together 15 years ago. We slept on each others
couches, ate mustard sandwiches together.
Not everyone had known Mr. Hack since
the Pampers, though. As kale salads topped
with poached egg sailed out of the kitchen,
the artist Urs Fisher, who contributed to the
book, said: We met recently, on a long sailing trip. We were the only people who werent in relationships, so we ended up talking
for, like, three days.
As dinner wrapped and gave way to
Drambuie-Aperol cocktails, a thespian contingent squared up at the bar. No one
seemed overly concerned with mens fashAbove, the designer Julian Woodhouse (left),
ion week, least of all the artist Jonah Freewith his husband, Kirill Kabachenko. Right,
man. Asked if he was attending any events,
Common at the Cadillac House in Lower
Manhattan.
he said: Is that happening? Right now?
NINA WESTERVELT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
It has been six years since

Albert Trummer (center,
above), the madcap Austrian bartender, was arrested after setting his cocktails
aflame at Apotheke, a Chinatown
speakeasy. The results were spectacular but a fire hazard. In the interim,
he licked his wounds in South Beach,
Fla., where he continued to experiment with combustible elixirs and
plotted a comeback. Last April, with
the opening of Sanatorium, a hospital-themed cocktail bar in Alphabet
City, the pyrotechnic mixologist
finally returned with smoke but no
fire.
THE PLACE
At the still gritty corner of Avenue C
and East Second Street, Sanatorium
seems like the waiting room of a
debauched doctor. Lamps, the style
found in operating rooms, hang above
a marble bar. The walls are covered
in Venetian plaster and are the green
of surgical scrubs. Cocktails are
prepared on operating-room trays,
while shots are served in syringes.
THE CROWD
On a recent Friday night, Mr. Trummers Miami fans were present:
beefy men with oily hair and wide
collars, and toothpick-thin women
with blowouts and form-fitting
dresses. So, too, were cocktail nerds,
who waited for Mr. Trummers return. (They were the mustachioed
men talking to the bearded bartender
about shrubs.) But the place was
mostly occupied by young couples. A
man with a flat-rim baseball cap and
a woman with a flame-red dress
canoodled while trying not to spill
their drinks. Alas, she ended up wet.
PLAYLIST
The D.J. Xavier Herit spins pulsating
Euro house music at one end of the
bar. Once a week, classical musicians
like the New Vintage Baroque, a
chamber ensemble, perform.
GETTING IN
The bar is ostensibly by appointment
only, but the jovial bouncer accepted
walk-ins without a blink on a Saturday night. The bar is spacious but
feels increasingly less so after 11 p.m.
DRINKS
They are wittily named and expertly
made, with as many ingredients as a
topical ointment. The Waiting Room
($15), concocted by Mr. Trummers
son, Jakob (also a bartender there),
is made with tequila, cherry tomato,
basil, balsamic vinegar, lime and
habanero elixir. It comes with a slice
of ibrico ham, carved from a leg
hanging over the bar.
JOSHUA DAVID STEIN
. ..........................................................................
Sanatorium, 14 Avenue C (East Second

Street), 212-614-0300,
sanatoriumnyc.com, Monday to Saturday, 6 p.m. to 2 a.m.
D8
The Couch in Rainbow Colors

CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
that lens.
He calls this the essentialist position:
that the difference between gay and
straight is deep and ingrained, permeating
every level of being, from the biological to
the psychological. It is the philosophical
conviction that led Dr. Sadownick to help
create Antiochs L.G.B.T. specialization
tract 10 years ago, believing that those patients need something more than what most
nonspecialist psychotherapists can provide.
Were L.G.B.T. people were profoundly broken, he said.
The program has grown to include from
35 to 45 students a year, who take the specializations classes in addition to the general requirements toward a masters degree
in clinical psychology. The L.G.B.T.-affirming classes are designed to accomplish two
core tasks.
One involves Plato. Plato is crucial, Dr.
Sadownick told me. He was referring especially to Platos Symposium, a text regularly discussed at Antioch, for its depiction
of love. Plato posited two forms: common
love and heavenly love. Common love is the
more concrete, concerned with daily practicalities, like reproduction.
Whereas, Dr. Sadownick said, those people who are informed by the muse of
heavenly love are more likely to take love
into a search for truth and self-realization.
They have progeny, too, but their children
are children of the mind. Its been understood by homosexuals for 2,500 years that
this was a way for gay people to help them
understand who they are.
In the required History and Myth class,
students read texts considered iconic to gay
culture, like Platos Symposium and the
poems of Sappho and Walt Whitman, as
well as The Power of Myth by Joseph
Campbell, and anthologies about homosexuality throughout time in Japan, among
Samurai, among Native Americans, in Africa.
The assigning of these works is, at Antioch, nothing less than a battle cry. The goal:
to instill in the minds of the students that
maybe theres a greater purpose to being
gay for a humanity that has lost its way, Dr.
Sadownick said. Thats been my controversial vision.
The other, no-less-central aspect of what
L.G.B.T.-affirmative therapists must learn
to do, he said, is to become fully conscious of
internalized homophobia, lodged within
themselves, within their patients and
within society at large. Here, the instructors
are vigilant in pushing their students to be
forever searching.
Toxic shame is a phrase often invoked
in the Antioch classrooms, a boogeyman for
the students to hunt and destroy. Its
residues are everywhere, playing out all the
time.
Dr. Sadownicks work as a gay-rights activist long precedes the founding of the Antioch program. Last month, after the massacre inside the Pulse nightclub in Orlando,
Fla., he noted that though huge strides have
been made toward in the field of civil rights,
it doesnt mean that the decades the centuries of hiding and shame dont manifest
psychologically, he said. In some ways
were only at the beginning of the liberation
movement. All of the hate crimes against
gay people come from homophobia.
Antiochs program is a fully galvanized
undertaking, one whose political zealousness may surprise some who work in the
psychotherapeutic profession. As Dr. Sadownick put it, this is the therapist as activist model. This is a radical mission, a revolutionary mission.
Ian Jensen, an Antioch student currently
finishing the L.G.B.T.-affirmative requirements, said, What often happens to a gay
or trans client is that they go see a therapist,
and the therapist doesnt know anything
PHOTOGRAPHS BY KENDRICK BRINSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
about gay issues at all.

Mr. Jensen had a first career as an actor
but decided to switch directions after working with an L.G.B.T.-affirming therapist.
Having a gay-affirmative therapist really changed my life in a lot of ways, he
said. I had always thought, Im just like
my straight friends, only Im attracted to
men. But what I found out is that theres a
deeper level of experiencing what it means
to be a gay person than just my sexual identity. So discovering that and realizing
theres so much more to be discovered I
thought, I really want to do that for other
people as well. I want to be an agent of
change.
Yet to others in the profession,
psychotherapists who do not specialize in
any single kind of patient, the very claims
on which Antiochs program is based are
fraught.
The problem with essentialism is that it
creates a very big category of difference between L.G.B.T. people and everyone else,
said Michael Garfinkle, a psychoanalyst in
New York. Is this phenomenon unique to
L.G.B.T.? Is it true of Jews? Is it true of Muslims? Is it true of British people versus
Alaskan people?
Its oddly an incredibly cynical position,
he said, in that it deprives therapists and
patients of the possibility that we as people
can do better, without such heavy-handed
intervention.
Jamieson Webster, a psychoanalyst in
New York who, like Dr. Garfinkle, does not
consider herself a specialist, has a different
concern. Freud was incredibly worried
about any idea of one political outcome that
youre trying to seek with patients, Dr.
Webster said. And I think thats a caution
thats still really worthwhile. If you have a
specific goal in mind with a patient, then
youre going to miss any other that theyre
there to discover.
Antiochs specialization is, in some sense,
a reaction to the long, troubled history of
how the mental health profession has approached the treatment of gay and transgender patients in this country and elsewhere. The problem wasnt inherent to
psychoanalysis itself. Freud famously argued that human sexuality is fluid, existing
on a continuum.
When the mother of a gay child wrote to
Freud in distress about her son, he replied,
in an often-cited letter: Homosexuality is
J. D. Fuller, center left at top,

teaches a multicultural
mental-health class at Antioch
University, part of a specialized
course for students training to
become L.G.B.T.-affirming
psychotherapists. Above, Doug
Sadownick, right, conducting a
class on family systems.
Our working hypothesis

is that L.G.B.T. people
are born that way, with
their own psychology,
their own framework,
their own needs.
assuredly no advantage, but it is nothing to

be ashamed of, no vice, no degradation; it
cannot be classified as an illness.
Yet, in the generations of analysts who
followed Freud, theories built up trying to
explain homosexuality in terms of pathology, as a result of trauma or defective parenting.
It was in only 1973 that the American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality from its ever-shifting Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Removing that diagnosis was a milestone moment, and it was followed by an outpouring
of theorizing about how old ideas may be
applied in newly illuminating ways to the
psychology of being gay.
Yet despite the flowering of such new
ideas all through the 1970s and 80s, it would
take another quarter-century for the American Psychological Association to issue
guidelines for the ethical treatment of lesbian, gay and bisexual clients, eschewing
therapeutic attempts to cure patients of
being gay. Those techniques what is
called conversion or reparative therapy
are still practiced throughout the country.
Equivalent guidelines for the ethical
treatment of transgender patients appeared more than a decade later, yet many
feel that far too little has been clarified on
this subject. The very fact that the letters L,
B, G and T are routinely lumped together is
seen by many as problematic and imprecise.
Cadyn Cathers, a transgender instructor

at Antioch (and a graduate of the specialization himself) who is in the process of becoming a fully licensed psychologist, sees
transgender patients almost exclusively in
his case work.
For Mr. Cathers, one of the most obvious
issues specific to working with such patients is the medical component: Often,
what brings transgender patients into psychotherapy is to discuss gender reassignment surgery, for which many insurance companies require a letter of recommendation from a mental health professional.
The therapeutic relationship, Mr. Cathers
said, is then complicated by the dynamic of
gatekeeping, which is to say, that the
therapist keeps the patient in therapy for as
long as they want, until some arbitrary
thing happens, before theyll write a letter
approving hormones or surgery.
Mr. Cathers contrasts this with the informed consent model, which he himself
follows. Even if you arent a gatekeeping
therapist, he said, patients come in thinking that you are, because that narrative is
the most common narrative thats heard in
the community.
The scenario this produces, Mr. Cathers
said, is that patients often feel compelled to
prove that they really are the gender they
say they identify as, believing that only if
they are persuasive enough will they secure
the therapists letter enabling them to get
what they want. Mr. Cathers often begins by
telling his patients, You dont have to prove
anything to me.
Yet while Mr. Cathers, Dr. Sadownick and
others believe that it is urgent for L.G.B.T.
patients to be treated by therapists who
have been specifically trained to help them
or risk the psychic hurt of not being truly
seen they also believe that the potential
benefits of such therapy are in no way reserved for just these clients.
The sensibility imparted by L.G.B.T.-affirming therapy is of huge worth to straight
clients, too, they say, because it is built
around the urgent need to wake up to the
social assumptions that shape all of our
lives, whether or not we want them to.
A heterosexual woman is saturated in all
of these norms about how she should be
with a male, how she should pass her time
clock, how she should get married, Dr. Sadownick said. Theres very little maneuver
room. And that is where the L.G.B.T.-affirming therapy can also be helpful.
Matthew Silverstein, a psychotherapist
in West Hollywood, Calif., who was also involved in the creation of the Antioch program, described from his own practice how
freeing the L.G.B.T.-affirming sensibility
can be, for straight patients as well as gay.
On the question of fidelity, for example: Its
not that I dont believe in communication
and trust, Dr. Silverstein said, but I have
many different models of what it means to
be in a relationship, and I can thank the gay
community for opening my eyes to that.
So when, for instance, a patient comes in
distressed over a husbands affair, real or
suspected, he said, I can help her identify
what are the expectations she holds that are
leaving her so anguished.
After all, he noted, the whole idea of the
crisis of infidelity is based on the expectation that it ought to be otherwise. And that
somehow if a relationship changes in its dynamic and somebody has sex with somebody else, that somehow its ruinous to the
intimacy and potential for growth and love.
Thats an enormous assumption. And its
just another example of a hetero-normative
assumption, one that causes enormous suffering.
So you would like to see more flexibility
around that assumption? I asked Dr. Silverstein.
More inquiry, he replied.
ON THE RUNWAY
Alexa Chung Adds a Fashion Brand to Her Credits

She may turn out to be
Britains version of Tory Burch.
By VANESSA FRIEDMAN
When Alexa Chung the 32-year-old English It Girl/television host/Madewell collaborator/British Vogue contributing editor
known for combining loafers with tiny tea
dresses, and high-waisted denim shorts
with tailored jackets announced this
week that she was starting her own fashion
brand, her myriad style followers greeted
the news with paroxysms of joy. Comparisons to that other English personality who
traded pop-culture stardom for industry
credibility, Victoria Beckham, were suddenly rife.
It seemed as if Ms. Chung could be the
next candidate for the celebrity-turned-designer crown.
But theres another female entrepreneur
whose style career may be more apropos,
and perhaps provide some clues as to what
to expect when Ms. Chungs line debuts in
May 2017.
Is Alexa Chung going to be Britains answer to Tory Burch? The similarities are
striking.
Like Ms. Burch, for example, who went to
the University of Pennsylvania, Ms. Chung
was not formally trained as a designer. Deciding whether to study art or English in
college, she took a year off, started making
commercials, and that was that.
Like Ms. Burch (who worked for Ralph
Lauren and Vera Wang in advertising and
public relations), she later spent a lot of
time around the fashion world. She was a
model and then a collaborator and muse for
brands like Mulberry, which named a handbag after her; Marks & Spencer, for which
she has curated two archive collections,
wherein she chooses her favorite pieces
from the brands past and updates them;
and AG jeans, for which she is a face.

That gave her, she said by phone from
Sweden on Monday, a legitimacy in my
own mind.
I always had it in my head that designing
was something I was keen to do, she said,
but I was dissuaded by modeling agents
who saw the terrible kit I was cobbling together, and so it didnt occur to me to pursue
it as a serious option until I saw the brands I
was working with taking me seriously.
Theres more.
Like Ms. Burch, she saw a gap in the market for clothes like those she likes to wear, at
a contemporary price, and decided to fill it.
It will probably be tomboyish but also
very feminine, very wearable and of the moment and responsive to culture, Ms. Chung
said of her collection. Its not going to be
wildly different from what you would expect, given how I dress. Just very well designed.
Though she originally wanted to produce
her line entirely in Britain, she has had to
come to terms with the fact that to achieve
the prices she desires (and as to what those
are exactly, I dont specifically know), she
will probably have to go farther afield. Perhaps quite far afield, given the Brexit effect
on British currency.
Like Ms. Burch, who introduced her line
with small presentations, Ms. Chung is not
planning a big fashion week blowout, but
rather something more creative. Still, she
will have four collections a year, and she
said she respects the structure of the industry as it stands.
And as with Ms. Burch, part of the appeal
of Ms. Chungs brand (which, like Ms.
Burchs, bears her name) will be her own
persona.
That is, to be fair, somewhat different
from Ms. Burchs image of preppy superwoman/mother of three/stepmother of
three/tennis star, kayaker and all-around
ACIELLE TANBETOVA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Alexa Chung plans to continue her activities outside her own fashion brand.
weekend athlete, being more incredibly

hip girl about town with quirky personal
style sometimes dating movie stars (most
recently Alexander Skarsgard). She has an
even bigger Instagram following than Ms.
Burch (2.3 million vs. 1.2 million).
There are a few other differences, notably
the fact that unlike Ms. Burch, who began
her company in conjunction with her husband at the time, Chris Burch, she has found
backing in the form of an unnamed entity.
Its a British backer, who I met through
friends, at a firm with experience investing
in fashion as well as other areas, she said.
But I have been explicitly told not to talk
about it, so I cant tell you their name. (As
to why she was told not to talk about it, she
said she was not sure, but thought maybe
the investor just wanted to remain in the
background.) That has enabled her to hire a
team of 10 people, including the designer
Edwin Bodson, formerly of Haider Ackermann.
Also, unlike Ms. Burch, she plans to continue her multiple extracurricular activities.
I have an energy problem, she said. I
cant sit still. I hope I am still able to host TV
shows and collaborate with other brands
while doing my own brand, because its
what keeps me interested and gives me
ideas. But its uncharted territory, so we will
see.
Whether she can achieve the success of
Ms. Burch, whose brand was valued at $3.5
billion after 10 years, remains to be seen.
But Ms. Chung is under no illusions as to
what will make the difference.
Product, she said. I have to make
clothes people want to wear, independent of
my image. But it means more when it bears
your name. You cant hide behind anything
else. This is mine, including all the crap that
comes with it. Thats the beauty of it. It can
be anything I want it to be.

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Late Edition

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