Abelarde, Jessa mae

IT21FA2
11 reasons why Jose Rizal dislikes Spaniards
A . The bondage and slavery of the conquered;
B. The Spanish governments requirement of forced labor and force military service
upon the natives;
C. The abuse of power by means of exploitation;
D. The government ruling that any complaint against the authorities was criminal; and
E Making the people ignorant, destitute and fanatic, thus discouraging the formation of
a national sentiment.
F. Colonial Injustice
G. Methods of Teaching
H. Brutality
I. Sensitiveness
J. oppression.
K. Self-love
11 SIBLING OF RIZAL AND FAMILY BACKGROUND
Birth and Family Life
Jose Rizal was born on June 19, 1861. It was a Wednesday evening in Calamba,
Laguna, and his mother nearly died in the process. He was baptized three days later,
on June 22, by the parish priest of the Catholic church in his town, Fr. Rufino Collantes
from Batangas. His godfather, Fr. Pedro Casanas, was a close family friend. Rizal's
mother named him after St. Joseph, to whom she was ardently devoted.
RIZAL'S FAMILY

Francisco Mercado Rizal was born on May 11, 1818 in Binan, Laguna. He was a
graduate of the College of San Jose in Manila, studying Latin and Philosophy.
Francisco moved to Calamba to become a tenant-farmer of a hacienda owned by the
Dominicans. He died at the age of 80 on January 5, 1898 in Manila. About his father,
Jose Rizal says that he is "a model of fathers."
Teodora Alonso Realonda was born on November 8, 1826 in Manila. She was a
graduate of the College of Santa Rosa. She died at the age of 85 on August 16, 1911 in
Manila. About his mother, Jose Rizal says, "My mother is a woman of more than
ordinary culture; she knows literature and speaks Spanish better than I. She corrected
my poems and gave me good advice when I was studying rhetoric. She is a
mathematician and has read many books."
Rizal is the seventh of eleven children:
1 Saturnina
2.Paciano
3.Narcisa
4.Olimpia
5.Lucia
6. Maria
7.Jose
8.Concepcion
9.Josefa
10.Trinidad
11.Soledad
Rizal's family was a mixture of races. They were a combination of Negrito, Malay,
Indonesian, Japanese, Chinese, and Spanish, though Jose was predominantly
Malayan.
THE SURNAME

Mercado was the original surname of the Rizal family. Domingo Lamco, Jose's greatgreat-grandfather, adopted the name Rizal in 1731 and it became a second surname of
the family. In Jose's letter to Ferdinand Blumentritt, he says:
"I am the only Rizal in because at home my parents, my sisters my brother, and my
relatives have always preferred our old surname Mercado. Our family name was in fact
Mercado, but there were many Mercados in the Philippines who are not related to us. It
is said that an alcalde mayor, who was a friend of our family added Rizal to our name.
My family did not pay much attention to this, but now I have to use it. In this way, it
seems that I am an illegitimate son."
The Mercado - Rizal Family
The Rizals is considered one of the biggest families during their time. Domingo Lam-co,
the family's paternal ascendant was a full-blooded Chinese who came to the Philippines
from Amoy, China in the closing years of the 17th century and married a Chinese halfbreed by the name of Ines de la Rosa.
Researchers revealed that the Mercado-Rizal family had also traces of Japanese,
Spanish, Malay and Even Negrito blood aside from Chinese.
Jose Rizal came from a 13-member family consisting of his parents, Francisco Mercado
II and Teodora Alonso Realonda, and nine sisters and one brother.
FRANCISCO MERCADO (1818-1898)
Father of Jose Rizal who was the youngest of 13 offsprings of Juan and Cirila Mercado.
Born in Bian, Laguna on April 18, 1818; studied in San Jose College, Manila; and died
in Manila.
TEODORA ALONSO (1827-1913)
Mother of Jose Rizal who was the second child of Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de
Quintos. She studied at the Colegio de Santa Rosa. She was a business-minded
woman, courteous, religious, hard-working and well-read. She was born in Santa Cruz,
Manila on November 14, 1827 and died in 1913 in Manila.
SATURNINA RIZAL (1850-1913)
Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan,
Batangas.

PACIANO RIZAL (1851-1930)

Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at San Jose College in Manila;
became a farmer and later a general of the Philippine Revolution.
NARCISA RIZAL (1852-1939)
The third child. married Antonio Lopez at Morong, Rizal; a teacher and musician.
OLYMPIA RIZAL (1855-1887)
The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in 1887 from childbirth.
LUCIA RIZAL (1857-1919)
The fifth child. Married Matriano Herbosa.
MARIA RIZAL (1859-1945)
The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Bian, Laguna.
JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896)
The second son and the seventh child. He was executed by the Spaniards on
December 30,1896.
CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865)
The eight child. Died at the age of three.
JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945)
The ninth child. An epileptic, died a spinster.
TRINIDAD RIZAL (1868-1951)
The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the family to die.
SOLEDAD RIZAL (1870-1929)
The youngest child married Pantaleon Quintero.