IE 3 Final Exam

most utilized operator such that he is always

continuously working

I. Facilities Planning
Center-of-Gravity Method computes the best position
using weighted quadratic distance
Ex.
The province of Guimaras needs to build a fullfunctioning public hospital. As of now, there are basic
health centers, one in each city. Identify the site of the
new hospital such that it is accessible to the 5 health
centers weighed accordingly to the population of each
city.
First, we need to locate the basic health centers.
Second, gather the required data:
Location of each city (Cartesian plane)
Population of each city (these are the weights)

Ex.
CUT JOIN SCREW PAINT POLISH INSPECT
0.4
0.1
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.2
Bottleneck Process = PAINT
If we need to produce one toy car, what is the time it
takes to produce it? (Add all) 2.4 Minutes
Cycle Time: If we continuously produce for one hour,
what is the time it takes to produce each toy car? 1.0
Minutes
How many toy cars will be produced in an hour? Cycle
Time * 60 = 60 toy cars
Assembly Line Balancing distribution of total job
among workstations so that all workstations complete
their designed tasks at approximately the same time
Ideal Cycle = total processing time/# of stations
Ex.
Ideal Cycle Time = 2.4/6 = 0.4 Minutes
CUT JOIN SCREW PAINT POLISH INSPECT
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4

III. Time Study and Productivity

Time Study

Third, get the centroid of all cities (x and y).

38(4)+42(2)+30(2)+34(6)+12(5)

38(9)+42(7)+30(2)+34(7)+12(4)

38+42+30+34+12

38+42+30+34+12

= 3.6
= 6.3

Locate it in the map.

= 3.6

= 6.3

II. Assembly Line

Cycle time time it takes to finish one product in a
continuous assembly line; the longest time in an
assembly line
Bottleneck process slowest sub-process which
indicates the cycle time or rate of production; also the

Steps:
1. Break down job into elements
2. Time the elements
a. Continuous allows stopwatch to run for
entire duration; reads during end of each
element; computes individual time at the
end
b. Snapback restarts stopwatch during end
of each element; time is automatically
computed
3. Performance rating the operator assesses the
effective tempo of the operator under
observation, with the observers concept of a
normal performance (rate of output that can be
attained and maintained by a qualified worker
adhering to a specified method during a typical
day without undue fatigue)
PERFORMANCE RATING
If standard performance
= 100%
If below standard performance < 100%
If above standard performance > 100%
4. Assign appropriate allowance
Usually 5-15% of normal time
5. Compute for Standard Time, the official time it
takes to complete on work cycle

a. Calculate Observed Time (OT) by averaging

recorded observations per element
b. Calculate Normal Time (NT) = OT x
performance rating R
c. Sum all NT of each work element to get the
process NT
d. Calculate Standard Time (ST) = NT (1 + A)

Legends:
o ES = Early Start
o LS = Latest Start
Project duration = 12 months (find the last activity and
its ES

Productivity
=

Ex.

During 2012, they lengthened operating hours. Did

productivity improve? Yes.
During 2013, they bought new machines. Did
productivity improve? No.

IV. Project Planning

Ex.
We have a project. We are to release a new product
starting from design to pricing. Listed below are the
specific activities and their duration (not included:
budget, milestones, and deadline). If we have a versatile
project team, how long will the project take?

Activities that cannot be delayed = A, D, G, J (longest

duration in every column)
Activities that can be delayed and by how much = B, C,
E, F, H, I (use Float = LS-ES)