SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

SECTION A : 40 MARKS
BAHAGIAN A : 40 MARKAH
INSTRUCTION:
This section consists of TEN (10) short questions. Answer ALL questions.
ARAHAN :
Bahagian ini mengandungi SEPULUH (10) soalan pendek. Jawab semua soalan.

QUESTION 1
SOALAN 1
CLO1
C1

The sources of water supply can be divided into two; surface water and ground water.
Describe briefly TWO (2) chemical characteristics of water sources.
Sumber air mentah boleh dibahagikan kepada 2: air permukaan dan air bawah tanah.
Terangkan denan ringkas DUA (2) dari ciri-ciri kimia yang ada pada sumber air tersebut
secara ringkas.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
QUESTION 2
SOALAN 2

CLO1
C3

Human activity is one of the factors contributing to the pollution of water resources. Discuss
TWO (2) human activities that contribute to the pollution of water resources.
Aktiviti manusia merupakan salah satu faktor yang menyumbang kepada pencemaran
sumber air. Bincangkan DUA (2) aktiviti manusia yang menyumbang kepada pencemaran
sumber air.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
QUESTION 3
SOALAN 3

CLO1
C1

State FOUR (4) factors affecting the water demand per capita.
Nyatakan EMPAT (4) faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan air per kapita.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

SULIT

SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

QUESTION 4
SOALAN 4
CLO2
C3

The population in 2013 was 27,850 people. Calculate the total population in 2021 if the rate
of population growth is 2.85% per year.
Jika penduduk pada tahun 2013 adalah 27 850 orang, Kirakan jumlah penduduk pada tahun
2021 sekiranya kadar pertambahan penduduk adalah 2.85% setahun.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
QUESTION 5
SOALAN 5

CLO1 Explain briefly TWO (2) chemical processes that occur in the water treatment process and
C2
briefly explain both processes.
Terangkan dengan ringkas DUA (2) proses kimia yang berlaku dalam proses rawatan air
mentah.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
QUESTION 6
SOALAN 6
CLO1 Valves are one of the components in water distribution system. List FOUR (4) types of
C1
valves.
Injap merupakan salah satu komponen yang terdapat dalam sistem agihan air. Senaraikan
EMPAT (4) jenis injap.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

QUESTION 7
SOALAN 7
CLO1 Describe briefly the advantages and disadvantages of the combined (gravity and pump)
C2
system in the water distribution system.
Terangkan dengan ringkas kebaikan dan keburukan sistem gabungan (graviti dan
berpam) sebagai kaedah agihan air.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

SULIT

SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

QUESTION 8
SOALAN 8
CLO1 Describe partially separate sewerage system.
C1
Terangkan sistem pembetungan separa berasingan.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
QUESTION 9
SOALAN 9
CLO1
C2

CLO1
C1

State TWO (2) types of sewer pipe material and explain the advantages of each pipe.
Nyatakan DUA(2) jenis bahan paip pembetung dan terangkan kelebihan setiap bahan paip
tersebut.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
QUESTION 10
SOALAN 10
There are three methods of partial disposal of sludge. Describe TWO (2) methods.
Terdapat tiga kaedah pelupusan separa enapcemar. Jelaskan DUA (2) daripada kaedah
tersebut.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

SULIT

SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

SECTION B : 60 MARKS
BAHAGIAN B : 60 MARKAH
INSTRUCTION:
This section consists of FOUR (4) structured questions. Answer THREE (3) questions only.
ARAHAN:
Bahagian ini mengandungi EMPAT (4) soalan struktur. Jawab TIGA (3) soalan sahaja.

QUESTION 1
SOALAN 1
CLO1
C2

a) Surface water is one of the sources of water used in the treatment of raw water. State
the biological properties that exist on water surface and explain each of the stated
biological properties.
Air permukaan merupakan salah satu sumber air yang digunakan dalam rawatan air
mentah. Nyatakan sifat-sifat biologikal yang ada pada air pemukaan dan terangkan
setiap sifat biologikal yang dinyatakan tersebut.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

CLO4
C4

b) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE )is responsible for ensuring the
main water source does not suffer any pollution and resource depletion. Identify
common issues and challenges in the management of water resources faced by the
related bodies.
Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Sekitar bertanggungjawab dalam memastikan
sumber air utama tidak mengalami pencemaran dan kehabisan sumber. Kenalpasti
isu dan cabaran pengurusan sumber air yang biasa di hadapi oleh pihak berkaitan.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

SULIT

SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

QUESTION 2
SOALAN 2
CLO1
C2

a) Raw water treatment process will involve physical processes and chemical processes.
Explain briefly the physical processes involved in this process.
Dalam rawatan air mentah akan melibatkan proses fizikal dan proses kimia.
Terangkan dengan ringkas proses-proses fizikal yang terlibat dalam proses rawatan
air ini.
[8 marks]
[8 markah]

CLO2
C3

b) The data below was obtained from a water treatment plant:

Raw water flow rate
Alum flow rate
Strength of Alum

=
=
=

78,000 litre/hr
35 litre/hr
4.5 %

Calculate the doses of alum being streamed for each 350,000 litres of water in mg/l
unit. Determine the quantity of alum (in kg) needed in a day if the treatment plant
operates 18 hours a day. (1 litre = 3.7 kg)
Data di bawah diperolehi daripada sebuah loji rawatan air mentah:
Kadar alir air mentah
=
78,000 liter/jam
Kadar alir Alum
=
35 liter/jam
Kepekatan Alum
=
4.5 %
Kira dos alum bagi kadar alir air sebanyak 350,000 liter dalam unit mg/l. Tentukan
juga kuantiti alum yang diperlukan (dalam kg) sekiranya loji rawatan air mentah
beroperasi 18 jam sehari. (1 litre = 3.7 kg)
[12 marks]
[12 markah]

SULIT

SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

QUESTION 3
SOALAN 3

CLO2
C2

(a) A sewerage system is important to preserve health and to improve the living standards of
people. Differentiate between Combined System and Separated System.
Sistem pembetungan adalah penting untuk kesihatan dan meningkatkan taraf kehidupan.
Bezakan antara Sistem Bergabung dan Sistem Berasingan.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

CLO2
C3

(b) A housing scheme consists of 60 unit houses. Calculate the sewer pipe diameter needed
for that residential area with the assumption that the pipe flow is full. Use the Manning
formula : v = (1/n) m 2/3 i1/2
The data is given as follows :
Water demand per capita, q
= 225 litre/capita/day
House hold
= 5 person/ unit
Flow rate factor
=6
Manning coefficient, n for
Clay pipe sewer
= 0.013
Self-clensing velocity
> 0.45m/s
Sewer pipe gradient
= 1: 250

Satu kawasan perumahan mengandungi 60 unit rumah. Kirakan diameter paip betung
bagi kawasan perumahan tersebut dengan andaian halaju paip penuh. Gunakan
persamaan Manning : v = (1/n) m 2/3 i1/2
Data diberikan seperti di bawah:
Permintaaan air per kapita, q = 225 liter/kapita/hari
Bilangan ahli rumah
= 5 orang/ unit
Faktor kadar alir
=6
Pekali Manning, n untuk
Paip betung tanah liat
= 0.013
Halaju swa-bersih
> 0.45m/s
Kecerunan paip betung
= 1: 250
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

SULIT

SULIT

CC607: WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING

QUESTION 4
SOALAN 4

CLO1
C2

(a) There are four stages in centralized waste water treatment process which are the pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment. Explain the
following processes:
i. Pre-treatment
ii. Primary Treatment
Terdapat empat peringkat dalam proses rawatan air sisa berpusat iaitu rawatan awalan,
rawatan utama, rawatan sekunder dan rawatan tambahan. Terangkan proses-proses
berikut:
i. Rawatan awalan
ii. Rawatan utama
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

CLO1
C4

(b) Homes and buildings that are not served by public sewer systems are dependent on
individual treatment unit such as septic tank for the purpose of treating and disposing of
waste water. Sketch, label and explain how a septic tank functions.
Rumah dan bangunan yang tidak menggunakan sistem pembetung awam bergantung
kepada unit rawatan individu seperti tangki septik untuk merawat dan melupuskan
kumbahan. Terangkan bagaimana tangki septik berfungsi.dengan bantuan rajah yang
lengkap berlabel
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

SOALAN TAMAT

SULIT