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Chapter 05
Classical Rome: From Republic to Empire
2. Between 264 and 146 BCE, Rome fought the three Punic Wars against which
Mediterranean power?
A. Carthage
B. Egypt
C. Macedonia
D. Judea
4. One result of the struggle between the patricians and the plebeians in the early years of the
Roman Republic was
A. the installation of a city-state government.
B. an overthrow of the patricians.
C. a sharing of the patricians' power with the plebeians.
D. abolition of the Roman senate.
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5. Along with his philosophical writing, Cicero is best known today for his
A. erotic poetry.
B. letters.
C. tragedies.
D. histories.
8. For the first two hundred years after the overthrow of the Etruscan kings, the Roman
republic was
A. violent and volatile, ruled by patricians.
B. peaceful and agricultural.
C. ruled by military orders dominated by plebeians.
D. ruled by the plebeian-dominated Senate.
9. The plebeians' greatest bargaining strength against the patricians stemmed from
A. plebeian landowning and wealth.
B. the patrician need for agricultural neighbors.
C. the patrician need for manpower to fight wars.
D. the sheer force of their numbers.
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10. At the battle of Actium, the Romans gained final control of the Hellenistic world by
defeating the
A. last of the Antigonids.
B. last of the Ptolemies.
C. last of the Seleucids.
D. forces of Pergamum.
12. What was the role of the paterfamilias in the Roman household?
A. near-total life-and-death authority over the family
B. generally a benevolent guide to familial interactions with society
C. a relatively equal partner with the matron of the household
D. an arbiter of justice and major family decisions, but otherwise subordinate to the matron
14. The Pax Romana differed from the Hellenistic world in which of the following ways?
A. It extended much farther to the east.
B. It extended much farther to the west.
C. It was less uniformly prosperous.
D. It was more a collection of political entities than a unified empire.
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16. Which of the following was NOT among the core values or characteristics that the
Romans ascribed to themselves?
A. duty
B. discipline
C. sacrifice
D. pride
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2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in
any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part
26. What was the dominant literary theme of the Silver Age?
A. critical views of Roman society and state
B. glorification of the Roman past
C. poetic but trivial focus on life's pleasures
D. celebration of the new multicultural spirit of empire
28. What Hellenistic philosophy made the greatest impact on Rome during and after the
second century BCE?
A. Skepticism
B. Epicureanism
C. Stoicism
D. Cynicism
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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part
33. The Roman discovery of the correct mathematical ratio of 1:2 for an aspect of building
allowed them to build what construction safely?
A. the keystone
B. the arch
C. the ashlar
D. the voussoir
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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part
36. Sculptures in the style of the marble Ara Pacis reached their highest potential as
A. a means of preserving history.
B. beautification tools for cities.
C. propaganda tools.
D. pure expressions of artistic vision.
38. The creation of mosaics was learned by the Romans from the
A. ancient Persians.
B. Hellenistic Greeks.
C. Ptolemaic Egyptians.
D. Hellenic Greeks.
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40. The Romans used two types of artillery: one hurled spears and the other
A. manned catapults.
B. manned battering rams.
C. shot arrows.
D. hurled stones.
41. Which of the following is true of political participation after 287 BCE?
A. Only patricians could be elected to any office.
B. All Romans (with insignificant exceptions) could be elected to any office.
C. All plebeians could vote, but not all plebeians could run for elected office.
D. All Romans could be elected to any office, but only patricians could vote for them.
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45. The priests that observed the flight of birds were the
A. civic priests.
B. pontiffs.
C. augurs.
D. haruspexes.
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Essay Questions
46. Compare and contrast the political system that developed in Rome with the political
systems that prevailed in Alexander's successor states. Why did republicanism evolve in the
one and divine kingship in the other?
Answers will vary
47. Explain the circumstances under which Hellenistic states fell to the rising Roman Empire.
Answers will vary
48. What were the major values embraced by the Roman people? Discuss the role played by
agriculture, the family, and religion in shaping Roman civilization.
Answers will vary
49. Compare and contrast the writings of the Roman poets Lucretius and Catullus. How did
they represent different strands of Greek influence on Roman culture?
Answers will vary
50. Discuss the social tensions that divided Rome in its early history. How were these tensions
ultimately resolved?
Answers will vary
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51. In what ways was Roman religion a product of the blending of its native customs and the
religions of the territories it conquered?
Answers will vary
52. What changes did Augustus (Octavian) make to the Roman state and empire upon
becoming emperor?
Answers will vary
53. Describe the duration of the Principate and the state of the empire during its time.
Answers will vary
54. Describe the social dynamic of the Roman family and the power of the paterfamilias.
Answers will vary
55. What did the works of Virgil seek to express, and what was their effect on the Roman
people and empire?
Answers will vary
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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part