Temperature factor, 299, 756, 788

Temper carbon, 66
Tempered martensite, 62
Tempering, 6162
Tensile strength, 43. See also Ultimate
strength
Tensile stress, 93
Tensile-stress area, 403405
Tensile test, 4244
Tension-test specimens, 4243
Theoretical stress-concentration factor, 125.
See also Stress-concentration factor
Thermal stresses, 131, 494496, 961962
Thermoplastics, 70, 7374
Thermoset, 7071, 7374
Thick-film lubrication, 615617
Thin-film lubrication, 611, 615, 652653
Thin-walled pressure vessels, 128
Threaded fasteners, 414416
Thread standards, definitions, 402406
Three-dimensional stress, 100101
Thrust bearings, 563565, 651652
Timing belts, 872, 874, 898899, 928
Timken Company, 565, 566, 585590
Tipton, S. M., 232
Titanium, 68
Tolerance position letters, 388389
Tolerances. See also Geometric
Dimensioning and Tolerancing,
and Limits and Fits
bilateral, 27
choice of, 28
cost considerations, 1314
definition of, 27, 387, 1005
tolerance stack-up, 2931
unilateral, 27
Tolerance zone, 981982, 1005
Tooth systems, 688690
Tooth thickness, 667668, 673
Top land, 668
Topp, L. J., 947
Torque coefficient, 430
Torque transmission, 355357
Torque-twist diagram, 45
Torque vector, 115
Torsion, 115124
buckling of thin-walled beam, 204
closed thin-walled tubes, 121123
deflection, 163
open thin-walled sections, 123124
strain energy, 176
of welded joints, 474
Torsional fatigue strength, 325,
528529
Torsional strengths, 45
Torsional yield strength, 45, 244, 515
Torsion springs, 542549
Total runout control, 974, 993994
Toughness, 46
Tower, Beauchamp, 617
Train value, 691692, 696, 928
Transmission accuracy number, 748, 784

Transmission error, 748

Transmitted load, 698699, 701, 704, 738
Transverse circular pitch, 684, 687
Transverse shear stress, 108114
in square threads, 410
strain-energy correction factors for, 177
Tresca theory, 233
True strain, 44
True stress, 44
True stress-strain diagram, 4445, 50, 285
Trumpler, P. R., 622623
Trumplers design criteria, 622623
Truss element, 951
Tungsten, 64
Turner, M. J., 947948
Turn-of-the-nut method, 429
Two-bearing mountings, 598599
Two-plane bending, 106107
U
Ultimate strength, 43, 46, 51, 5455, 233
Uncertainty, 1617
Uncorrected torsional stress, 537
Undercutting, 677679, 685, 690
Unified Numbering System for Metals and
Alloys (UNS), 5657
Uniform pressure, clutches and brakes,
839840, 843
Unified thread series, 402404
Uniform wear, clutches and brakes,
838840, 842843, 846847
Unilateral tolerance, 27
Unit load, 196, 376, 648
Unit second polar moment of area, 475476
Units, 3132
Unstable equilibrium, 196
Unstable lubrication, 615
Upper deviation (limits and fits), 387388
U.S. customary unit system, 31, 93
V
Vanadium, 64
Variable loading, 274
of bearings, 577580
Variable stresses, 274, 329
V belts, 872, 874875, 890898
Velocity factor, 730731, 802803, 879
Vibration analysis (FEA), 963964
Virtual condition, 1005
Virtual number of teeth, 683, 685
Viscosity, 611613, 624629
Volkersen, O., 493, 497
Volute spring, 550
von Mises, R., 237
von Mises-Hencky theory, 237
von Mises theory, 237
von Mises stress, 237, 263
in a static failure theory, 237238
in combined fatigue loading, 326, 340
in FEA models, 955956, 962
in shafts, 360, 362
in welds, 472

W
Wahl, A. M., 514
Wahl factor, 511
Washers, 414, 416417, 425, 599
Wear
from contact fatigue, 336
of boundary-lubricated bearings,
653657
of clutches and brakes, 834835, 838,
842843, 846847
of gears, 735, 759, 762, 793
of wire rope, 911
Wear factor, 336, 654, 812813
Wear factor of safety, 759, 783, 793
Weibull distribution, 21, 562,
568569, 594
Weibull parameters, 568, 570, 601
Weld bonding, 497
Welded joints
butt and fillet welds, 469, 470473
fatigue loading, 488489
references, 499
resistance welding, 490
static loading, 484487
welded joints, strength of, 481483
welded joints in bending, stresses in,
479481
welded joints in torsion, stresses in,
474478
welding symbols (AWS), 468470
White cast iron, 66
Wileman, J., 421
Wire rope, 908916
Wolford, J. C., 527
Woodruff key, 384385
Worm gears, 667
AGMA equation, 801804
analysis, 805808
Buckingham wear load, 812813
efficiency, 805, 928
examples, 354, 406
force analysis, 706712
mesh design, 809812
nomenclature, 687688
standard tooth form, 690
thrust, rotation, and hand relations, 691
Woven-asbestos lining, 855
Woven-cotton lining, 855
Wrought alloys, 67
Y
Yellow brass, 6869
Yield point, 43, 46, 49, 310, 433
Yield strength, 43, 46, 49, 54, 79, 233
Youngs modulus of elasticity, 43, 72,
7476, 101
Z
Zerol bevel gear, 778
Zimmerli, F. P., 528
Zimmerli data, 528531, 541, 546