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Ancient + Medieval History and Culture- Subject wise compilation of 60 Day Plan- 2016
Q.1) The script of Indus Valley civilization is considered to be the oldest script of the Indian
Sub-continent. Which of the following statements are correct about this script?
1. Despite the efforts of linguists and symbologists, it is yet undeciphered.
2. The script is written in Boustrophedon fashion.
3. Square stamp seals are the dominant form of Indus writing media.
Select the code from the following:
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.1) Solution (d)
Boustrophedon is the writing style in which script is written from left to right in one line and
right to left in other.
Q.2) Which of the following statements are correct about the town planning of Indus
Valley Civilisation?
1. The towns had well laid covered drains and houses had toilets.
2. Bricks were used for the first time in the history by habitants of Indus Valley civilization.
3. All houses were single storied and with standard size showing equal economic status of
everyone.
4. Proper granaries were built to store surplus grains.
a) 1,2 and 4
b) 1 and 4
c) 1,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.2) Solution (b)
Burnt bricks were used for the first time. Houses were both single storied and multi-storied
showing different economic status of people.
Q.3) Consider the following statements regarding Yoga:
1. It is amongst the six ideologies of Hinduism.
2. We have received the knowledge of Yoga from ancient written accounts of Patanjali.
3. Yoga is covered under AYUSH program as an indigenous therapy.
Which of the above statements are correct regarding Yoga?
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a) 1 and 3
b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.3) Solution (d)
Self explanatory.
Q.4) Consider the following statements regarding Early Vedic Period:
1. Aryans referred to Indus people as Dasyus.
2. Early Aryans made large wooden castles to protect themselves from foreign attacks.
3. Instead of land, the tribes owned cattle as private property.
4. Aryans used Chariots instead of riding a horse.
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.4) Solution (c)
Early Aryans were nomads and did not make permanent settlements.
Wealth was owned in terms of cattle and not land.
Horse riding was introduced in India by Kushans. Before them only chariots were used.
Q.5) Out of Six Astikas of Hindu philosophy, which of the following is the oldest?
a) Mimansa
b) Sankhya
c) Vedanta
d) Nyaya
Q.5) Solution (b)
Many Hindu intellectual traditions were classified during the medieval period of BrahmanicSanskritic scholasticism into a standard list of six orthodox (astika) schools (darshanas), the
"Six Philosophies" (a-darana), all of which accept the testimony of the Vedas.
Samkhya, the enumeration school
Yoga, the school of Patanjali (which provisionally asserts the metaphysics of Samkhya)
Nyaya, the school of logic
Vaisheshika, the atomist school
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Purva Mimamsa (or simply Mimamsa), the tradition of Vedic exegesis, with emphasis on
Vedic ritual, and
Vedanta (also called Uttara Mimamsa), the Upanishadic tradition, with emphasis on
Vedic philosophy.
Q.6) Consider the following statements regarding the Prayag Prashasti:

1. It contains inscriptions praising the political and military achievement of Chandra Gupta II.
2. The inscription were written by Harisena, the court poet and minister in Gupta Court.
3. The inscriptions are written in Pali language under Ashokan edict.
4. The edict contains the inscriptions of Ashoka, the Guptas and Jehangir.
Which of the above statements are incorrect?
a) 1 and 3
b) 2 and 4
c) 1,3 and 4
d) None of the above
Q.6) Solution (a)
Prayag Prashasti is attributed to the 4th century CE Gupta emperor, Samudragupta, follows
immediately below the edicts of Ashoka. It is considered "the most important historical
document of the classical Gupta age". It is in excellent Sanskrit, written in the more refined
Gupta script (a later version of Brahmi) by the poet and minister, Harishena. The inscription
is a panegyric praising Samudragupta and lists the political and military achievements of his
reign including his expeditions to the south. It provides a unique snapshot of the Gupta
empire and its neighbours and is the source of much of what is known of the geopolitical
landscape of that era.
Q.7) Currently the Hindu calendar that is being used is modified Shaka Samvat- Saka
calendar. Consider the following statements:
1. Saka era was started by Kanishka in AD 78.
2. Kanishka was the founder of Saka dynasty in India.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
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Q.7) Solution (a)

Kanishka was a Kushan ruler.
Doubts: Q 7 Shaka Calender was started by king Shalivahan not Kanishka.
Though Historians have debatable views that Shalivahan himself was saka or not.
Either he started saka Calender to commemorate victory over Sakas Or he himself was saka.
Clarification:
It is variously alleged to have been founded by King Kanika or by the Hindu king
Salivhana or by the satrap Nahapna.
Saka Calendar begins on 22 March every year except in leap years when it starts on 23
March. The Kushana emperor Kanishka is credited with the initiation of the Saka era on
his accession to the throne in 78 A D. After the downfall of Kushanas their feudatory, the
Sakas of Ujjain continued to use this era.
For more: https://www.britannica.com/topic/chronology#ref523197

Q.8) Which of the following Tamil Sangam literary piece of art are correctly matched with
their content:
1. Thirukullar
Tamil grammar treatise
2. Tolakappiam
Philosophical work
3. Ettutukai
Anthology
4. Silappadikkaram Epic
Select the code from following:
a) All of the above
b) 1 and 2
c) 3 and 4
d) 2,3 and 4
Q.8) Solution (c)
Thirukullar is a philosophical work(couplets) written by Thiruvalluvar.
Tolakappiam is a Tamil grammar treatise written by Tolakappiyar.
Q.9) Consider the following statements:
1. Jainism predates Buddhism, while Buddha was older than Mahavira.
2. Right faith, Right knowledge and Right Conduct are the Triratnas (three gems) of Jainism.
3. To remove all sufferings Mahavira gave an eight fold path to be followed.
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a) 2 only
b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.9) Solution (b)
Although Buddha was older than Mahavir, Jainism is believed to be started by Rishabh dev,
the first Tirthankar of Jainism. Mahavir is considered to be 24th and the last Tirthankar.
The three principles of Jainism, also known as Triratnas (threegems), are:
right faith
right knowledge
right conduct
The Four Noble Truths of Buddha are:

The world is full of suffering.
The cause of suffering is desire.
If desires are get rid off, suffering can be removed.
This can be done by following the Eightfold Path.
The Eightfold Path consists of right view, right resolve, rightspeech, right conduct, right
livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration.
Doubt: Who is older....i have read...DOB of mahavira 599BC...and DOB of Buddha - 563BC
Clarification: Shortage of resource and less authentic source for further verification.
IASbaba supports above answer itself.
Q.10) Consider the following statements regarding Mudrarakshasa:

1. It is a historical play written by Kalidasa that narrates the ascent of king Chandragupta
Maurya to power in India.
2. Chanakya Neeti of Saam, Daam, Dand, Bhed is mentioned in Mudrarakshasa.
3. Mudrarakshasa is written in Sanskrit.
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2
c) All of the above
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Q.10) Solution (a)

Mudrarakshasa was written by Vishakhadatta.
Q.11) Many new creeds and faiths emerged in the 6th century BC against the
contemporary Brahmanical society. One of the most staunch amongst them was the
Ajivika Sect. Which of the following statements are correct about the Ajivikas?
1. Ajivika was one of the Nastika school of Indian philosophy.
2. It was founded by Makkhali Gosala.
3. Ajivikas do not believe in Karma philosophy and believe that whatever happens is
preordained by the cosmic order.
4. Bindusara was a follower of Ajivika Sect.
a) 1 and 4
b) 2 and 3
c) 1,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.11) Solution (d)
Ajivika is one of the nstika or "heterodox" schools of Indian philosophy. Purportedly
founded in the 5th century BCE by Makkhali Gosala, it was a ramaa movement and a
major rival of early Buddhism and Jainism. jvikas were organised renunciates who formed
discrete communities.
The jvika school is known for its Niyati doctrine of absolute determinism, the premise that
there is no free will, that everything that has happened, is happening and will happen is
entirely preordained and a function of cosmic principles. jvika considered the karma
doctrine as a fallacy. Ajivika metaphysics included a theory of atoms similar to the
Vaisheshika school, where everything was composed of atoms, qualities emerged from
aggregates of atoms, but the aggregation and nature of these atoms was predetermined by
cosmic forces. jvikas were atheists and rejected the authority of the Vedas, but they
believed that in every living being is an tman a central premise of Hinduism and Jainism.
Q.12) Milind or Menander-I was one of the most famous Indo-Bactrian King. The most
important source of information about him is Milind Panho written by Nagasena. Which
of the following statements about Milind Panho are correct?
1. It contains religious dialogues of Milind with a Buddhist monk.
2. It is written in Sanskrit.
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a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.12) Solution (a)
Milind panho is written in Pali.
Q.13) Which of the following statements are correct about Pancha Siddhanta?
1. It was written by Aryabhatta.
2. It is a detailed account of Greek and Roman Astrology.
Select the correct code from the following:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.13) Solution (d)
Panchasiddhanta was written by Vrahamihira. It is a treatise on mathematical astronomy.
Q.14) Consider the following statements regarding the society in Chola kingdom:
1. Cholas were Shaivites and they patronized only Shiva temples.
2. The Devadasi system emerged during this period.
3. Practice of Sati was absent in the society.
4. The inscriptions during Chola rule, mentions about 6 broad caste divisions.
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 1,3 and 4
c) 2,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.14) Solution (b)
Caste system was widely prevalent during the Chola period. Brahmins and Kshatriyas
enjoyed special privileges. The inscriptions of the later period of the Chola rule mention
about two major
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divisions among the castes Valangai and Idangai castes. However, there was cooperation
among various castes and sub-castes in social and religious life. The position of women did
not improve. The practice of sati was prevalent among the royal families. The devadasi
system or dancing girls attached to temples emerged during this period.
Both Saivism and Vaishnavism continued to flourish during the Chola period. A number of
temples were built with the patronage of Chola kings and queens.
Q.15) Which of the following inscription provide detailed information about the formation
and functioning of village assemblies during Chola period?
a) Tanjore Inscription
b) Mammalapuram inscription
c) Uttiramerur Inscription
d) Gangaikondacholapuram inscription
Q.15) Solution (c)
The system of village autonomy with sabhas and their committees developed through the
ages and reached its culmination during the Chola rule. Two inscriptions belonging to the
period of
Parantaka I found at Uttiramerur provide details of the formation and functions of village
councils. That village was divided into thirty wards and each was to nominate its members
to the village council.
The qualifications to become a ward member were:
a. Ownership of at least one fourth veli of land.
b. Own residence.
c. Above thirty years and below seventy years of age.
d. Knowledge of Vedas.
However, certain norms of disqualification were also mentioned in the inscriptions. They
were:
a. Those who had been members of the committees for the past three years.
b. Those who had failed to submit accounts as committee members.
c. Those who had committed sins.
d. Those who had stolen the property of others.
From the persons duly nominated, one was to be chosen for each ward by kudavolai system
for a year. The names of eligible persons were written on palm-leaves and put into a pot. A
young
boy or girl would take out thirty names each for one ward. They were divided into six
variyams such as samvatsaravariyam, erivariyam, thotta variyam, pancha variyam, pon
variyam and
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puravuvari variyam to take up six different functions of the village administration. The
committee members were called variyapperumakkal. They usually met in the temple or
under a
tree and passed resolutions. The number of committees and ward members varied from
village to village.
International Intellectual Property Index is compiled by US Chamber of Commerce.
Q.16) The Fourth Buddhist Council was held in Kashmir under the leadership of
a) Bindusara
b) Ashoka
c) Kunal
d) Kanishka
Q.16) Solution (d)
Explanation:
Q.17) Which of the following statement is/are correct about archaeological survey of
India?
1) ASI is responsible for the maintenance, restoration and discovery of ancient monument,
archeological site, horticulture site and museums.
2) Archeological and historical pursuits in India started with the effort of Charles Wilkins.
3) ASI is also responsible for epigraphical and numismatic study.
4) It is also responsible for archeological expedition outside India.
Select the appropriate code:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1, 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
d) Al of the above
Q.17) Solution (c)
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Explanation:
Archaeological and historical pursuits in India started with the efforts of Sir William
Jones, who put together a group of antiquarians to form the Asiatic Society on 15th
January 1784 in Calcutta.
Rest all statements are correct with regard to ASIs functions.
Q.18) Consider the following statements with regard to Sarnath:
1) Sarnath, an important seat of Buddhist pilgrimage is located just a few kilometers from
Varanasi near the confluence of the Ganga and the Gomti rivers.
2) World Bank to fund for Sarnath redevelopment
3) Lord Buddha gave his 1st sermon here
4) Shreyamshanath (11th Thirthankara) of Jainism was born here
Which of the above statement is/are not correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) None
d) All of the above
Q.18) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Factual question self explanatory
Excerpt from The Hindu article
Q.19) The famous phrase Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam belongs to which Upanishad?
a) Mundaka Upanishad
b) Maho Upanishad
c) Brihadaranyako Upanishad
d) Kena Upanishad
Q.19) Solution (b)
Explanation:
Factual question
Q.20) Consider the following pairs:
(Foreign Travellers) (Visited during)
1) Marco polo :
Pandya Kingdom
2) Bernier :
Shah Jahan
3) Ralph Fisch :
Akbar
Which of the pairs given above are matched correctly?
a) 1, 2 and 3 only
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b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1 and 2 only
Q.20) Solution (a)
Explanation:
All the given pairs are matched correctly
Excerpt from The Hindu article
To read more: http://www.geocities.ws/rezuj/ati.html
Q.21) Match the incorrect pairs:
Renowned works : :
Artists
1) Landscape : :
Ram Kumar
2) Tandava : :
Swaminathan
3) Peace : :
K.K. Hebbar
4) Monkey God : :
M.F.Husain
5) Indian traditional Girl : : I.Jayachandran
Choose the answer from the code below
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
Q.21) Solution (d)
Explanation:
All the given works and artists are correctly matched and self-explanatory
Q.22) Which of the following cities of Harappan Civilisation are in modern day India.
1. Dolavira
2. Soktagandor
3. Ropar
4. Rakhigarhi
5. Ganeriwala
Choose the correct option from below:
a) All of the above
b) 1,3 and 4
c) 1,4 and 5
d) 2,3 and 4
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Q.22) Solution b
By 2600 BCE, the Early Harappan communities turned into large urban centres. Such urban
centres include Harappa, Ganeriwala,Mohenjo-Daro in modern-day Pakistan, and Dholavira,
Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, Rupar, and Lothal in modern-day India. In total, more than 1,052
cities and settlements have been found, mainly in the general region of the Indus Rivers and
their tributaries. Sotkagendor is the western most known archeological site of IVC , in
Balochistan.
Q.23) Choose the correct statement(s) from the following.
1. Sthulabhadra migrated to Sravanbelgola with twelve thousand disciples and Chandra
Gupta Maurya .
2. Sthulbhadra migrated due to a sudden invader attack on Magadha.
3. The followers of Sthulbhadra are called Swetambars while the followers of Bhadrabahu
are called Digambars.
a) 2 only
b) 1 and 2
c) 3 only
d) All of the above
Q.23) Solution (c)
Bhadrabahu (433 BC - 357 BC) was a last Shruta Kevali (having complete knowledge by
hearing) in Jainism. He was Digambara Acharya and the spiritual teacher of
Chandragupta Maurya.
Bhadrabahu decided the famine would make it harder for monks to survive and
migrated with a group of twelve thousand disciples to South India, bringing with him
Chandragupta, the founder of the Mauryan Empire turned Jain monk.
The followers of bhadrabahu are called Digambars while the followers of Sthulbhadra
are called Swetambars.
Doubts: Hello Baba ---pls enlighten us on qs no 2...your solution is saying opposite to what
mentioned in TN 11 text book... KIndly share the source as well . :)
Clarification: There is mistake in TN text book, they have given wrong information.
Bhadrabahu was the leader of Digambars while Sthulbahu was the leader of Swetambars.
Q.24) In Ashokan Edicts, Ashoka has been referred as Devanampiya and Piyadassi. What
does Devanampiya means:
a) He who regards everyone with affection.
b) The beloved of the gods.
c) The one without sorrow or pain.
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d) The one without enemies.

Q.24) solution (b)
Ashoka's name "Aoka" means "painless, without sorrow" in Sanskrit (the a privativum and
oka "pain, distress").
In his edicts, he is referred to as Devnmpriya (Pali Devnapiya or "The Beloved of the
Gods"), and Priyadarin (Pali Piyadas or "He who regards everyone with affection"). His
fondness for his name's connection to the Saraca asoca tree, or the "Ashoka tree" is also
referenced in the Ashokavadana.
Q.25) Which of the following muslim rulers had minted the image of Goddess Lakshmi on
one side and his name in Nagari script on the other?
a) Muhammad Ghori
b) Qutub ud din Aibak
c) Iltutmish
d) Alauddin khilji
Q.25) Solution (a)
Muhammad bin Sam, popularly known as Muhammad Ghori, struck gold coins in imitation
of the coins that were then current in the country. Muhammad bin Sam went even further
than his Ghaznavid predecessors when he struck gold coins bearing on one side the Hindu
goddess Lakshmi and on the other his name in Nagari script.
1. They introduced horse riding, which made their maneuverability much better in battle
field than the contemporary chariots.
2. They brought new fashion in India, introducing pantaloons, hat, boots and over coat.
Which of the statements are correct about Kushanas?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.26) Solution (c)
The Kushan (Indo-scythian) dress had evolved from a nomad culture based on the use of the
horse. It is seen at Mathura, Taxila, Begram, and Surkh Kotal in Afghanistan. The dress was
worn by most of Scythian and Iranian races and resembled particularly that of the Parthians.
It consisted of a ruched long-sleeves tunic with a slit for the neck opening, simple or
elaborately decorated. The close-fitting knee-length tunic was sometimes made of leather,
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and with it could be worn a short cloak or a calf-length woolen coat or caftan, worn loose or
crossed over from right to left and secured by a belt of leather or metal. Besides these two
upper garments, occasionally a third garment the chugha was used. The chugha was coatlike and decorated with a border down the chest and hemline, and had slits to facilitate
movement. The trousers could be of linen, silk or muslin in summer but were woolen or
quilted in winter. These loose or close-fitting trousers, chalana, were tucked into soft
padded boots with leather trappings, khapusa. Along with this was worn the scythian
pointed cap of felt, bashylk, or peaked helmet or head band with two long ends tied at the
back.
1. Radio-carbon dating is done to estimate the age of prehistoric artifacts.
2. Dendro-chronology is used to measure the age of wood.
Which of the above statements is/are correct:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.28) Solution (c)
The dating of the prehistoric period is done scientifically. The technique of radio-carbon
dating is commonly used for this purpose. It is based on measuring the loss of carbon in
organic materials over a period of time. Another dating method is known as dendrochronology. It refers to the number of tree rings in wood. By counting the number of tree
rings in the wood, the date of the wood is arrived at.
Q.29) Consider the following statements regarding Rig Vedic Society:
1. Rig vedic Aryans were pastoral people and their main occupation was cattle rearing.
2. Iron plough was used for agriculture.
3. They made large temples to worship natural forces like Prithvi, Agni, Varun etc.
4. Elaborate rituals were followed during worship.
Which of the above statements is/are correct:
a) 2 and 3
b) 1 and 4
c) 2,3 and 4
Q.29) Solution (b)
Wooden plough was used for agriculture.
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There were no temples and no idol worship during the early Vedic period. Prayers were
offered to the gods in the expectation of rewards. Ghee, milk and grain were given as
offerings. Elaborate rituals were followed during the worship.
Q.30) Gandhara art was developed in and around Peshawar in North western India. Which
of the following statements holds true for Gandhara school of Art?
1. It is a blend of Indian and Greco-Roman style.
2. It was promoted by Hinayana sect of Buddhism.
3. Gandhara school also carved out images of Shiva and Vishnu.
4. Human body is moulded in a realistic manner with minute details like muscles,
moustache and hair curls
a) 1,2 and 4
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.30) Solution (c)
The Gandhara school made sculptures of the Buddha in various sizes, shapes and postures.
The reliefs depict Buddhas birth, his renunciation and his preaching. The salient features of
Gandhara art are:
Moulding human body in a realistic manner with minute attention to physical features
like muscles, moustache and curtly hair.
Thick drapery with large and bold fold lines.
Rich carving, elaborate ornamentation and symbolic expressions.
The main theme was the new form of Buddhism Mahayanism and the evolution of an
image of Buddha.
Images of Shiva and Vishnu were carved by Mathura school of art.
Q.31) Consider the following statements about the society in Chola kingdom:
1. Both Shaivism and Vaishnavism continued to flourish during Chola period.
2. The inscriptions of later Chola period mentions about two major divisions of caste.
3. Practice of Sati was absent in royal families.
4. Temples remained important centers of economic activity.
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1,2 and 4
d) All of the above
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Q.31) Solution (c)

Source: Tamil Nadu Class 11th history book
Caste system was widely prevalent during the Chola period. Brahmins and Kshatriyas
enjoyed special privileges. The inscriptions of the later period of the Chola rule mention
about two major divisions among the castes Valangai and Idangai castes. However, there
was cooperation among various castes and sub-castes in social and religious life. The
position of women did not improve. The practice of sati was prevalent among the royal
families. The devadasi system or dancing girls attached to temples emerged during this
period.
Both Saivism and Vaishnavism continued to flourish during the Chola period. A number of
temples were built with the patronage of Chola kings and queens.
1. Rock cut temples in India were introduced by the Pallavas.
2. Panchpandava Ratha temples are monolithic temples representing five different styles.
Which of the above statements are correct:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.32) Solution (c)
It was a great age of temple building. The Pallavas introduced the art of excavating temples
from the rock. In fact, the Dravidian style of temple architecture began with the Pallava rule.
Mahendravarman I introduced the rock-cut temples. This style of Pallava temples are seen
at places like Mandagappattu, Mahendravadi, Mamandur, Dalavanur, Tiruchirappalli,
Vallam,
Siyamangalam and Tirukalukkunram.
The second stage of Pallava architecture is represented by the monolithic rathas and
Mandapas found at Mamallapuram. Narasimhavarman I took the credit for these wonderful
architectural monuments. The five rathas, popularly called as the Panchapanadava rathas,
signifies five different styles of temple architecture.
Q.33) Consider the following:
1. Manimekalai
Illango Idigal
2. Mudrarakshas
Vishakhadatta
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3. Daridra Charudatt
4. Mrichchakatika
Shudrak
Bhasa
Which one of the above is/are incorrectly matched?

a) 2 only
b) 1,3 and 4
c) 2,3 and 4
Q.33) Solution (b)
Manimekalai- Chithalai chattanar
Daridra Charudatta- Bhasa
Mrichchakatika- Shudrak
Q.34) Which of the following reasons are attributed to the rise and growth of new
religious sects in post vedic society?
1. Rigid cast based system where Brahmans claimed the highest status in society.
2. Kshatriyas reacted strongly against the ritualistic domination of the brahmanas.
3. Vedic religion became very sacrificial hampering the newly emerged agricultural
economy.
4. Economic condition of Vaishyas and Shudras improved drastically. Hence they violently
tried to improve their social status.
5. Women was also given an equal status in all other new sects, which led to their
populatrity.
Select the option from the following:
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 4 and 5
c) only 5
d) 3,4 and 5
Q.34) Solution (a)
NCERT Class XI Ancient India R S Sharma (chapter 10 Jainism and Buddhism)
Post Vedic society was clearly divided into four Varnas: brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas
and shudras. The brahmanas claimed the highest status in the society. Naturally the
Varna divided society seems to have generated tensions.
Kshatriyas who functioned as rulers, reacted strongly against the ritualistic domination
of the Brahmanas. It was one of the major causes of the origin of new religions.
Vardhaman Mahavir and Gautam Buddha belonged to Kshatriya clan, and both disputed
the austerity of the Brahmanas.
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The most important cause of the rise of these new religions lay in the spread of new
agricultural economy. The vedic practice of killing cattle indiscriminately in sacrifices
stood in the way of progress of agriculture. The cattle wealth slowly decimated. Many
new sects which started promoted vegetarianism, non violence and discouraged
accumulation of wealth.
With increase in agriculture and trade the economic status of Vaishyas improved
drastically. Now they also wanted to scale the social ladder. So a large number of people
from vaishya community were attracted towards these new cults as they were against
caste based division.
There was no significant change in the status of women in society. So that cannot be
considered as a reason for the growth of these new cults.
Also, Although these religions gave a refuge to shudras to some extent, there was no
change in their social status as well. No historical evidence is there where it can be
concluded that shurdras revolted violently against the Brahmans.
Q.35) Consider the following statements regarding Indo-Islamic architecture

1. Mughals introduced Islamic architecture in India
2. Muslim architecture forbids replication of any living forms on any surface
3. Qutub Minar has been constructed by Qutub-ud-din Aibak, Iltutmish and Firozshah
Tughlaq
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 only
c. 2 and 3
d. All of the above
Q.35) Solution (c)
Though Islam came to India over a period of 600 years through merchants, traders, holy
men, it was only in thirteenth century that large scale building activity was begun by Turkish
state, established after Turkish conquest of northern India.
Unlike Hindus who conceived manifestation of god everywhere in multiple forms as part of
their religious faith, Muslims forbade to replicate living forms on any surface.
In 1200 AD, Qutub al-Din Aibak, the founder of the Delhi Sultanate started construction of
the Qutub Minar. In 1220, Aibak's successor and son-in-law Iltutmish added three storeys to
the tower. In 1369, lightning struck the top storey, destroying it completely. So, Firoz Shah
Tughlaq carried out restoration work replacing the damaged storey with two new storeys
every year. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutb_Minar
Q.36) consider the following statements with respect to Buddhist architecture:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Chaitya, Stupa, Vihara, bronze images are a part of Buddhist architecture.

Lion Capital of Asoka was found at Sanchi.
Originally the stupa was made of bricks surrounded by a wooden railing.
The torans at Stupa were carved with lotus, elephant, bull, lion and horse and some of
the Jataka stories of the previous births of Buddha

a. All of the above
b. 2 and 4
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 only
Q.36) Solution (d)
Lion capital of Asoka is at Sarnath.
http://www.ccrtindia.gov.in/buddhist_architecture.php
Q.37) Consider the following statements
1. Post Mauryan period saw rise of brahmanical sects like Vaishnavas and Shaivas
2. Buddha got human form in Mathura and Gandhara art
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.38) Solution (c)
Source: NCERT class XI
Q.39) Mughal paintings are considered to be landmark in history of fine arts in India.
Which of the following statements regarding Mughal paintings are correct?
1. Mughal School of painting originated with Humayun who was keenly interested in art of
painting and architecture.
2. Mughal style is synthesis of Indian style of painting and Safavid school of Persian
painting.
3. Mughal artists were adept in making miniature paintings.
4. Reign of Aurangzeb saw Mughal style of painting at its height of glory.
Select the code from below:
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
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c) 1,2 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.40) Solution (b)
The Mughal School of painting originated in the reign of Akbar in 1560 A.D. Emperor Akbar
was keenly interested in the art of painting and architecture.
Aurangzeb was a puritan and therefore did not encourage art. Painting declined during his
period and lost much of its earlier quality. A large number of court painters migrated to the
provincial courts.
Q.41) Consider the following statements with respect to Kabir:
1. Kabir was a bhakti poet
2. The poems served twin purpose of social reform and spirituality during bhakti movement
3. Kabir was in favour of detaching oneself from attachments of the world
Choose the correct option
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 3
d. All of the above
Q.41) Solution (d)
http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/in-the-name-of
kabir/article8736926.ece?secpage=true&secname=entertainment
Q.42) Urs denote
a) A style of Indo-Sarasenic architecture
b) A type of blue pottery
c) Death anniversary of a Sufi saint in South Asia
d) A form of narrative sculpture
Q.42) Solution (c)
Death anniversary of a Sufi saint in South Asia
Mostly it is held at the saints dargah
Period of celebration and is not to be mourned
Place: Dargah of the Great Sufi Saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti at Ajmer
Ajmer: PRASAD + HRIDAY
Q.43) This dance form has characters named Satvika, Rajasika and Tamasika. Identify the
dance form:
a) Bharatnatyam
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b) Kathakali
c) Lai Haraoba
d) Chhau
Q.43) Solution (b)
Q.44) Who of the following was the first Arab invader to have a successful campaign in
India?
a) Mohammad Ghori
b) Mohammad bin Qasim
c) Mahmod Ghazni
d) Genghis Khan
Q.44) Solution (b)
Mohammad bin Qasim was the first Arab invader to capture Sindh and Punjab in 712-713
AD.
Q.45) Consider the following statement:
1. Mamluks were warrior slaves of mainly Turkish origin, who had converted to Islam.
2. They had a very low status in society.
Which of the above statements are incorrect:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.45) Solution (b)
Mamluks were warrior slaves of mainly Turkish origin. They were given very high status in
Society. Qutub ud din Aibak was a Mamluk(Slave) of Mohammad of Ghor. He started slave
dynasty in India.
Q.46) Sufism as a thought originated in Persia and spread to India by 11th century. Which
of the following statements are correct about Sufism?
1. They believed service to humanity equals service to God.
2. They introduced a new form of singing called Qawwali where rhythm is given with claps
of hand.
3. They preached meditation to connect to inner soul and God.
4. They observed strict celibacy.
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a) 1, 3 and 4
b) 2, 3 and 4
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.46) Solution (c)
The early Sufi mystics stressed on the virtues of repentance, abstinence, renunciation,
poverty and trust in God. The early Sufis were wanderers but in due course of time the Sufi
groups had become orders and we notice the formation of Sufi orders or Silsilas.
Sufis did not believe in Celibacy.
Doubts: dear baba ji....in question no.25 ...i think it was amir khusro who introduced
qawwali. wikipedia also says the same.
He is regarded as the "father of Qawwali" (a devotional music form of the Sufis in the Indian
subcontinent), and introduced the ghazal style of song into India, both of which still exist
widely in India and Pakistan.[3][4] He is also credited with introducing Persian, Arabic and
Turkish elements into Indian classical music and was the originator of the khayal and tarana
styles of music.
Clarification: Qawwali is the most well-known form of Sufi music, and is most commonly
found in the Sufi culture of the Indian Subcontinent.
Sufi music is the devotional music of the Sufis, inspired by the works of Sufi poets, like Rumi,
Hafiz, Bulleh Shah, Amir Khusrow and Khwaja Ghulam Farid.
Amir Khusrow is also considered Sufi poet, so answer stands correct
Q.47) Consider the following statements in regard to Mahavira and Jainism. Which of the
statements given below is not correct?
a) Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara is considered to be the founder of Jainism
b) Mahavira was associated with Makari Gosala Putta for 6 years, but later departed due to
serious philosophical differences
c) Then Mahavira joined Nigrantha sect, while Makari Gosala Putta started Ajivika religion.
d) After Mahavira, Jainism came under the control of 11 disciples of Mahavira, namely
Ganadharas.
Q.47) Solution (a)
Parsvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara is considered to be the founder of Jainism.

Except 1st statement, remaining all statements are correct.
S. No.
Tirthankara
Associated Symbol
1st Tirthankara
21st
22nd
23rd
Rishaba / Adinatha
Neminatha
Aristanemi
Parsvanatha
Bull
Blue Lotus
Conch
Snake
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24th
Mahavira
Lion
Doubts: Babaji Pranam! kshama kijiye par NCERT Class 11 me Vardhamana Mahavira is the
real founder of jainism
Clarification: Since NCERT Class 11 explicitly mentions that The earliest important
teachings of Jainism are attributed to Parasvanatha, the 23 rd tithankara, who belong to
Banaras. He gave up royal life and became an ascetic. But his spiritual successor
Vardhamana Mahavira was the real founder of Jainism.
RS Sharma says Mahavira as the real founder of the Jainism.
NIOS document says this The founder of Jainism is believed to be Rishabhadeva, the first
of the twenty four tirthankaras and as the last tirthankara Mahavira developed and gave
final shape to the Jain doctrines.
Some of my Jain friends say this everyone believes that its Mahavir but in actual it is 23rd
Tirthankar, Parsvanatha, who is the founder of Jainism
BBC says this Jainism doesn't have a single founder. The truth has been revealed at
different times by a tirthankara, which means a teacher who 'makes a ford' i.e. shows the
way. Other religions call such a person a 'prophet'.
As great omniscient teachers, Tirthankaras accomplished the highest spiritual goal of
existence and then teach others how to achieve it.
In what Jains call the 'present age' there have been 24 tirthankaras - although there is little
evidence for the existence of most of these.
Note: Since NCERTs are considered bible let us go with Vardhamana Mahavira. Question
should be read as
Q.47) Consider the following statements in regard to Mahavira and Jainism. Which of the
statements given below is not correct?
a) Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara is not considered to be the founder of Jainism
b) Mahavira was associated with Makari Gosala Putta for 6 years, but later departed
due to serious philosophical differences
c) Then Mahavira joined Nigrantha sect, while Makari Gosala Putta started Ajivika
religion.
d) After Mahavira, Jainism came under the control of 11 disciples of Mahavira, namely
Ganadharas.
Q.47) Solution (a)
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1) During Ashokas regime (3rd century BC), Sanskrit served as the lingua franca of the
country.
2) Pali acquired the same position and served as the state language, especially in the postGupta period.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.48) Solution (d)
Explanation:
In the 3rd century BC, Prakrit (not Sanskrit) served as the lingua franca of the country.
Throughout the major portion of India, Ashokas inscriptions were written in the Prakrit
language and Brahmi script. Bramhi continued to be the main script till the end of Gupta
times.
Later Sanskrit (not Pali) acquired the same position and served as the state language in
the remotest parts of the country. The process became prominent in the Gupta period in
the fourth century A.D.
Although politically the country witnessed numerous small states in the post-Gupta
period, the official documents were written in Sanskrit.
Q.49) The below given statements describes about the differences between Digambaras
and Svetambaras. Which one of them is not true in regard to it?
a) Digambaras are led by Bhadrabahu, whereas Svetambaras are led by Stulabahu
b) Digambaras are followers of Mahavira, while Svetambaras are followers of Parsvanatha
c) Digambars are white-clad, while Svetambaras are sky-clad
d) Digambars were born at Mysore region, whereas Svetambaras were born at Pataliputra
Q.49) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Digambaras
Sky-clad
Led by Bhadrabahu
Followers of Mahavira
Born at Mysore region
Svetambaras
White-clad
Led by Stulabahu
Followers of Parsvanatha
At Pataliputra
Doubts: BABA ji,. Stulabahu is the leader of Digambars not Bhadrabahu as per the TN 11th
History .But in your explanation you have said that Bhadrabahu is the leader of Digambaras.
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Clarifications: In TN 11th History book, they have given wrongly, please correct it.
Bhadrabahu went south to Karnataka with his adherents and Sthulabhadra, another Jain
leader remained behind.
Q.50) The seal of Pashupati Mahadeva of Harappan culture (found in Mahenjo-daro) - a
male deity with three horned heads, in the sitting posture of a yogi, placing one foot on
the other is surrounded by which of the following animals?
1) Buffalo
2) Elephant
3) Rhinoceros
4) Tiger
5) Deer
a) 1, 2 and 5
b) 1, 2, 4 and 5
c) 1, 3, 4 and 5
d) All of the above
Q.50) Solution (d)
Explanation:
Observe the figure/seal carefully and identify the animals
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Q.51) Which among the following is/are the principles of Jain Panchasutras?
1) Ahimsa
2) Satya
3) Nyaya
4) Dharma
5) Brahmacharya
a) All of the above
b) 1, 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 2 and 5 only
d) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
Q.51) Solution (c)
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Explanation:
Jain Principles
Panchasutras : Basic principles of Jainism, namely Ahimsa, Satya, Aparigraha, Asteya,
Brahmacharya.
Triratnas / Ratnatraya : Three Jewels of Jainism , namely
1. Right Action ( samyak kriya )
2. Right Knowledge ( samyak gnana)
3. Right Faith (samyak viswas)
Q.52) Consider the following in regard to how Sangam texts are different from the (Rig)
Vedic texts:
1) Sangam texts do not constitute religious literature. Thus they were secular in nature.
2) They are not primitive songs but they show a high quality of literature.
3) Many poems mention a warrior or a chief or a king by name and describe his military
exploits in detail.
a) 2 and 3 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Q.52) Solution (d)
Explanation:
Sangam texts do not constitute religious literature. The short and long poems were
composed by numerous poets in praise of numerous heroes and heroines. Thus they are
secular in nature.
All the given statements are correct and self-explanatory.
Refer Class XI Ancient India for more
Doubts: Q6:- Sangam literature were secular but also they were religious literatures which
revolved around Muruga, kuberan, sivan etc and also few places it notes about divine gods
visiting the sangam. Please clarify guys.
Clarification: Question was framed from Class XI Ancient India. So again let us go with
NCERT rather than regional books.
Q.53) Consider the literary works and select the incorrect pair from the given below:
Literary works : :
written by
a) Harshacharita : :
Banabhatta
b) Ramacharita : :
Sandhyakara Nandi
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c) Vikramanakadevacharita : :
d) Mushika Vamsa : :
Kalhana
Atula
Q.54) Solution (c)

Explanation:
Vikramanakadevacharita is written by Bilhana, which recounts the achievements of his
patron, Vikramadithya VI, the Chalukya king
Rajatarangini or The Stream of Kings is written by Kalhana. It is a string of biographies
of the kings of Kashmir.
Q.55) What were the reasons for the rise of new religions such as Jainism and Buddhism?
1) Kshatriyas founded these religions as a reaction against the ritualistic domination of the
brahmanas or the Varna system
2) Rise of these new religions lay in the spread of a new agricultural economy in northeastern India
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.55) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Both the statements were the reasons for the rise of new religions such as Jainism and
Buddhism
Refer Class XI Ancient India for more
Q.56) Which among the following statements is/are true in regard to Rig Veda:
1) The Rig veda is the earliest text of the Indo-European languages. It is a collection of
prayers offered to Agni, Indra, Mitra, Varuna and other gods by various families of poets
or sages.
2) The Rig veda has many things common with the Avesta, which is the oldest text in the
Iranian language
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
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c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.56) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Both the given statements are correct and self-explanatory.
The Rig veda has many things common with the Avesta, which is the oldest text in the
Iranian language. The two texts use the same names for several gods and even for social
classes.
Q.57) The below given contains the PANCHAMAHAKALYANA/FIVE EVENTS IN LIFE OF
BUDDHA. Select the correctly matched pair/s from the Lists given below
List I (EVENT NAME)
List II (ASSOCIATED SYMBOLS)
1) MAHABHINISHKRAMANA
BODHI/ PEEPAL TREE
2) DHARMACHAKRAPARIVARTHANA DHARMACHAKRA WITH 24 SPOKES
3) MAHAPARINIRVARNA
STUPA
4) BIRTH OF BUDDHA
LOTUS
Choose the appropriate code:
a) 1, 3 and 4 only
b) 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 4 only
Q.57) Solution (b)
Explanation: PANCHAMAHAKALYANA/FIVE EVENTS IN LIFE OF BUDDHA:
S. No.
EVENT NAME
PLACE
OF ASSOCIATED
OCCURANCE
SYMBOLS
BIRTH
OF
BUDDHA
MAHABHINIS
HKRAMANA/
GREAT GOING
FORTH
MAHASAMBO
DHI/
ENLIGHTENM
LUMBINI
LOTUS
Left
KAPILAVASTU
PALACE
HORSE/
KANTHAKA
At the age of 29 years
GAYA
BODHI/
PEEPAL TREE
MAGADHA
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ASSOCIATED
MISCELLANEO
MAHAJANAP US
ADAS DURING
THE
LIFE
PERIOD
At the age of
35 years, on
49th day of
29
ENT
DHARMACHA SARNATH/
KRAPARIVAR- ISIPATTANA
THANA/ FIRST
SERMON
MAHAPARINI KUSHINAGAR
RVARNA/
FINAL
BLOWING
OUT
DHARMACHA KOSALA, KASI

KRA WITH 8
SPOKES
STUPA
meditation;
Bimbisara is
contemporary
king
Attended by 5
disciples
VAJJI/LICHHAV Death at the

I, MALLA
age of 80
years
Q.58) Which among the blow given statements is/are true in regard to Aryans?
1) Originally the Aryans seems to have lived somewhere in Steppes stretching from
southern Russia to Central Asia
2) We know about the Aryans in India from the Rig Veda
3) Aryan names appear in Kassite inscriptions of about 1600 B.C. found in some parts of
North India along the Indus plains.
1) 1, 2 and 3 only
2) 1 and 2 only
3) 1 and 3 only
4) 1 only
Q.58) Solution (b)
Explanation:
Aryan names appear in Kassite inscriptions of about 1600 B.C. from Iraq and in Mitanni
inscriptions of the fourteenth century B.C. from Syria.
But it should be noted here so far no such inscriptions have been found in India. A little
earlier than 1500 B.C. the Aryans appeared in India. We do not find clear and definite
archeological traces of their advent.
Q.59) Choose the correct pair(s) from the below:
1) Study of coins : : Numismatics
2) Study of inscriptions : : Epigraphy
3) Study of old writings and old records in inscriptions : : Palaeography
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Select the correct code:

a) All of the above
b) None of the above
c) 1 only
d) 2 and 3 only
Q.59) Solution (a)
Explanation:
Factual question no explanations needed
Q.60) Consider the following similarities and difference between the Hindustani and the
Carnatic styles of classic music. Select the incorrect statement in regard to this
a) Origin of Hindustani music is earlier than Carnatic music. It synthesizes with Islamic
traditions and Persian Musiqu-e-Assil style and has no association with religion.
b) Hindustani music originated in the Vedic period, while Carnatic music originated during
the Bhakti movement.
c) Main emphasis in Carnatic music is on vocal music and most compositions are to be
sung, involving gayaki style.
d) Although there are stylistic differences, the basic elements of swara, raga and tala as
foundation of both Carnatic and Hindustani are same.
Q.60) Solution (a)
Explanation:
As both Hindustani and the Carnatic styles of classic music has great association with
religion.
Carnatic music is a system of music associated with the southern part of Indian sub
continent. Hindustani music is associated with North India and is deeply influenced by
Persian and Islamic music system.
Similarities
(i) Although there are stylistic differences, the basic elements of swara, raga and tala as
foundation of both Carnatic and Hindustani are same.
(ii) Hindustani music originated in the Vedic period, while Carnatic music originated
during the Bhakti movement. Thus both are having great association with religion.
(iii) Carnatic is one of two main sub-genres of India classical music that evolved from
ancient Hindu traditions, the other sub-genre being Hindustani music, which emerged
as a distinct form due to Persian and Islamic influences in North India.
(iv) Both the music evolved with Sanskrit language scripts in itself and through Vedic
traditions.
(v) The central notions in both these system is that of a melodic mode or raga, sug to a
rhythmic cycle or tala.
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Differences
(i) Origin of Hindustani music is earlier than Carnatic music. It synthesizes with Vedic
chants, Islamic traditions and Persian Musiqu-e-Assil style. Carnatic is Comparatively
pure and was developed in 15th 16th century during Bhakti movement and also get
boost in 19th -20th century.
(ii) Main emphasis in Carnatic music is on vocal music and most compositions are to be
sung, involving gayaki style. In Hindustani music vocal- centric group is required. Many
instruments are designed to accompany the singer.
(iii) The major vocal forms of Hindustani music are Dhrupad, khayal, Tarana, Thumri, Dadra
and Gazals. While Carnatic music embraces several varieties of improvisation consist
of Alpana, Niraval, kalpnaswaram and Ragam Thana pallavi.
Hindustani Classical Music: Indian classical music found throughout North India. The style is
sometimes called North Indian classical music or Shstriya Sangt. It is a tradition that
originated in Vedic ritual chants and has been evolving since the 12th century CE, in North
India and to some extent in Nepal and Afghanistan.
Carnatic music (Karnataka Sangita): A system of music commonly associated with the
southern part of the Indian subcontinent, with its area roughly confined to four modern
states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. It is one of two main
sub-genres of Indian classical music that evolved from ancient Hindu traditions; the other
sub-genre being Hindustani music, which emerged as a distinct form because of Persian and
Islamic influences in North India.
Q.61) What is the name of the first National Tribal Festival that was inaugurated in 2015
by the Union Minister of Tribal Affairs Jual Oram?
a) Vanaj 2015
b) Birli 2015
c) Bhagoriya 2015
d) Ngada 2015
Q.61) Solution (a)
Explanation:
Factual question Self explanatory
Q.62) The below given contains the differences between HINAYANA and MAHAYANA.
Select the correctly matched pair/s from the Lists given below
List I (Lesser Vehicle)
List II (Greater Vehicle)
1) Pro-chargers
1) Anti changers
2) Believe in individual salvation
2) Salvation to all without any efforts
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3) Literature in Sanskrit
4) Opposed idolatory,
3) Literature in Pali
4) Worshipped Buddha in human form
and Bodhisattvas also
instead worshipping scriptures,.

symbols like lotus, papal tree etc.
a) 1, 3 and 4 only
b) 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 4 only
Q.62) Solution (c)
Explanation:
HINAYANA
(Lesser Vehicle)
These are anti changers.
Believe in individual salvation.
Literature in Pali.
Opposed idolatory, instead worshipping
scriptures, symbols like lotus, papal tree
etc.
MAHAYANA
(Greater Vehicle)
These are pro changers.
Salvation to all without any efforts.
Literature in Sanskrit.
Worshipped Buddha in human form and
Bodhisattvas also.
Q.63) Gothenburg protocol is related to:

a) Prohibition or use or Mercury
b) Provisions of Nagoya Protocol
c) Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground level Ozone
d) Conservation of wetlands
Q.63) Solution (c)
Explanation:
Link: http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap/multi_h1.html
Q.64) Which of the following statements are correct about Pancha Siddhanta?
1. It was written by Aryabhatta.
2. It is a detailed account of Greek and Roman Astrology.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
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d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.64) Solution (d)
Panchasiddhanta was written by Vrahamihira. It is a treatise on mathematical astronomy.
Q.65) Which of the following kingdoms were engaged in tripartite struggle for Kannauj
and Ganga-Jamuna Doab?
a) Cholas, Cheras and Pandyas
b) Palas, Pratiharas and Rashtrakutas
c) Cholas, Cheras and Pratiharas
d) Palas, Pratiharas and Cholas
Q.65) Solution (b)
The Tripartite Struggle for control of northern India took place in the ninth century. The
struggle was between the Pratihara Empire, the Pala Empire and the Rashtrakuta Empire.
Q.66) The Famous Uttiramerur inscription provide details of the formation and function of
village councils in Chola kingdom. Which of the following statements are correct about the
chola village assemblies?
1. Each village was divided into thirty yards and one member was nominated from each to
the village council.
2. People below thirty and above seventy were not eligible.
3. Knowledge of Vedas was mandatory to become a ward member.
4. Those who had committed sins were disqualified to be a ward member.
Select the correct code from below:
a) 1 only
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1,2 and 3
d) All of the above.
Q.66) Solution (d)
The system of village autonomy with sabhas and their committees developed through the
ages and reached its culmination during the Chola rule. Two inscriptions belonging to the
period of
Parantaka I found at Uttiramerur provide details of the formation and functions of village
councils. That village was divided into thirty wards and each was to nominate its members
to the village council.
The qualifications to become a ward member were:
a. Ownership of at least one fourth veli of land.
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b. Own residence.
c. Above thirty years and below seventy years of age.
d. Knowledge of Vedas.
However, certain norms of disqualification were also mentioned in the inscriptions. They
were:
a. Those who had been members of the committees for the past three years.
b. Those who had failed to submit accounts as committee members.
c. Those who had committed sins.
d. Those who had stolen the property of others.
From the persons duly nominated, one was to be chosen for each ward by kudavolai system
for a year. The names of eligible persons were written on palm-leaves and put into a pot. A
young
boy or girl would take out thirty names each for one ward. They were divided into six
variyams such as samvatsaravariyam, erivariyam, thotta variyam, pancha variyam, pon
variyam and
puravuvari variyam to take up six different functions of the village administration. The
committee members were called variyapperumakkal. They usually met in the temple or
under a
tree and passed resolutions. The number of committees and ward members varied from
village to village.
Q.67) Pulakesin II is considered to be one of the most important rulers of Chalukyas.
Which of the following statements about him are incorrect:
1. Aihole inscription was issued by him which describes his reign.
2. He was defeated by Harshavardhan on the banks of river Narmada.
3. Huen Tsang visited Vatapi during his reign.
a) 2 only
b) 1 and 3
c) All of the above
Q.68) Solution (a)
Harshavardhan was defeated by Pulakeshin II at the banks of Narmada.
Q.69) Which deity is related to the famous Amareswara Temple from where Amravati
derives its name?
a) Lord Vishnu
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b) Lord Brahma
c) Lord Shiva
d) Lord Ganesha
Q.69) Solution (c)
Lord Shiva
Q.70) Consider the following statements
1. This dance form has been introduced by Mahapurusha Sankaradeva.
2. The musical compositions accompanying the dance form are called borgeets.
3. The costumes used are made up of pat.
Identify the dance-form from the following options:
a) Mohiniyattam
b) Thang Ta
c) Sattriya
d) Kuchipudi
Q.70) Solution (c)
Mahapurusha Sankaradeva: A great Vaishnava saint and reformer of Assam
Pat:
A silk produced in Assam
Derived from the mulberry plant
Q.71) Identify the leader based on the following historic events:
1. He wrote a letter to Aurangzeb in Persian, famously named as Zafarnama or the Epistle
of Victory, reminding him of the misdeed the Mughals had done to the Sikhs.
2. Bahadur Shah had named the Guru as Hind Ka Pir or the Saint of India.
Choose the correct option
a) Guru Teg Bahadur
b) Daya Ram
c) Baba Banda Singh
d) Guru Gobind Singh
Q.71) Solution (d)
Guru Gobind Singh was the Tenth Nanak or the last of the Sikh preachers to live.
He founded:
Khalsa Vani -"Waheguru ji ka Khalsa, Waheguru ji ki fateh"
Principles of Khalsa or the Five 'K's
Named Guru Granth Sahib the religious text of the Khalsas
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In news: The government will celebrate the 350th birth anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh
across the country and has earmarked Rs. 100 crore for events related to the occasion.
Q.72) Narasimhavarman I is considered to be one of the greatest rulers of the Pallava
Dynasty.
Consider the following statements regarding Narsimhavarman I:
1. He was also known as Mamalla, meaning Great Wrestler.
2. He was defeated by the army of the Chalukyan ruler Pulakesin II.
3. During his reign Huen Tsang visited the Pallava Capital, Kanchipuram.
4. He was the founder of the city Mamallapuram and monolithic temples were erected
during his reign.
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 1,3 and 4
c) 1,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.72) Solution (c)
Narasimhavarman I was also known as Mamalla, which means great wrestler. He wanted
to take avenge the defeat of his father at the hands of Chalukyan ruler Pulakesin II. His
victory over Pulakesin II in the Battle of Manimangalam near Kanchi is mentioned in Kuram
copper plates. The Pallava army under General Paranjothi pursued the retreating Chalukya
army, entered Chalukya territory, captured and destroyed the capital city of Vatapi.
Narasimhavarman I assumed the title Vatapikonda. He regained the lost territory. Another
notable achievement of Narasimhavarman I was his naval expedition to Sri Lanka. He
restored the throne to his friend and Sri Lankan prince Manavarma.
During his reign, Hiuen Tsang visited the Pallava capital Kanchipuram. His description of
Kanchi is vivid. He calls it a big and beautiful city, six miles in circumference. It had 100
Buddhist monasteries in which about 10,000 Buddhist monks lived. According to his account
the people of Kanchi esteemed great learning and the Ghatika at Kanchi served as a great
centre of learning. Narasimhavarman I was the founder of Mamallapuram and the
monolithic rathas were erected during his reign.
1. The Vaishnava Nayanmars and Shaiva Alwars contributed to the growth of Vaishnavism
and Shaivism in Southern India during early medieval times.
2. They composed their hymns in Sanskrit and Prakrit.
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a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.73) Solution (c)
The Saiva Nayanmars and the Vaishnava Alwars contributed to the growth of Saivism and
Vaishnavism. This is known as the Bakthi Movement. They composed their hymns in the
Tamil language. These hymns revealed the importance of devotion or Bakthi.
Q.74) The Aihole inscription give the details of the reign of:
a) Pulakesin II
b) Krishna Deva Raya
c) Dharampala
d) Raja Bhoj
Q.74) Solution (a)
The most important ruler of Chalukyan dynasty was Pulakesin II. The Aihole inscription
issued by him gives the details of his reign.
1. Rashtrakutas patronized Jainism and played an important role in establishing Jainism in
Deccan.
2. Rashtrakutas widely patronized Sanskrit Literature and Kannada Literature saw its
beginning during their time.
3. Rashtrakuta Ruler, Amoghavarsha I, wrote the first poetic work in Kannada Language.
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.75) Solution (d)
The Rashtrakutas widely patronized the Sanskrit literature. There were many scholars in the
Rashtrakuta court.
The Kannada literature saw its beginning during the period of the Rashtrakutas.
Amogavarshas Kavirajamarga was the first poetic work in Kannada language. Pampa was
the greatest of the
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Kannada poets. His famous work was Vikramasenavijaya. Ponna was another famous
Kannada poet and he wrote Santipurana.
Q.76) There were certain norms of disqualification for the members of village panchayat
during Chola Period. Which of the following statements were amongst those norms?
1. Those who had been members of the committees for the past three years.
2. Those who had failed to submit accounts as committee members.
3. Those who had committed sins.
4. Those who had stolen the property of others.
Select the code from below:
a) 1 and 3
b) 1,3 and 4
c) 1,2 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.76) Solution (d)
Self Explanatory.
1. He banned the engraving of Islamic Kalma on the coins.
2. He reintroduced Jazia, a tax paid by only non-Muslims.
3. He used to sleep on the ground and drank plain water.
4. He was known as the Zinda Fakir.
Which of the following emperors is being described by the above statements?
a) Alauddin Khilji
b) Akbar
c) Shah Jehan
d) Aurangzeb
Q.78) Solution (d)
Self Explanatory.
Q.79) Consider the following statements regarding Sher Shah Suri:
1. He occupied Delhi by defeating Mughal emperor Humayun twice, in the battle of Chausa
and the battle of Kannauj.
2. He issued a standardized silver coin called Rupiya.
3. Akbars administrative system and taxation was largely based on the system established
by Sher Shah.
4. Sher Shah died in a battle near Sasaram fighting against Akbars Army.
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a) 1,2 and 3
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1 and 2
d) All of the above
Q.79) Solution (a)
Sher Shah was killed on 13 May 1545 during siege of the Kalinjar fort of Rajputs. When all
the tactics to subdue this fort failed then Sher Shah ordered walls to the fort to be blown up
with gunpowder, but he himself was seriously wounded as a result of the explosion of a
mine. He was succeeded by his son, Jalal Khan who took the title of Islam Shah Suri. His
mausoleum, the Sher Shah Suri Tomb (122 ft high) stands in the middle of an artificial lake
at Sasaram, a town that stands on the Grand Trunk Road.
While the term rpya had previously been used as a generic term for any silver coin, during
his rule the term rpiya came to be used as the name for a silver coin of a standard weight
of 178 grains, which was the precursor of the modern rupee.
Gold coins called the Mohur weighing 169 grains and copper coins called Dam were also
minted by his government.
Q.80) Which of the following sultans of Delhi Sultanate established a Famine Code to
relieve the victims of Famine?
a) Mohammad Tughlaq
b) Bahlol Lodhi
c) Alauddin Khilji
d) Balban
Q.80) Solution (a)
Mohammad Tughlaq created a department of Agriculture named as Diwan-i-Koh. He
established a Famine Code to relive the victims of Famine.
Note: Historically, 5 kings of Delhi Sultanate are very important.
Qutub uddin Aibak, Iltutmish, Balban, Alauddin Khilji and Mohammad bin Tughlaq.
If a question is asked on Delhi Sultanate, there is a high probability that a question will be
asked on them. Razia Sultan being the first Queen Ruler is also important.
Q.81) Consider the following statements regarding Alauddin Khilji:
1. Alauddin for the first time introduced the reforms in the army and started the system of
branding the horses Dagh and biometric information about the soldiers Chehra.
2. He organized and introduced a countrywide spy system.
3. He was the First Sultan who set up a permanent Standing Army of the sultanate.
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4. He faced maximum number of Mongol attacks and was able to deter them.
a) 1 and 2
b) 1,2 and 3
c) 2, 3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.81) Solution (d)
Self explanatory. Factual question.
Alauddin Khilji built is capital at Siri (Siri Fort in Delhi) to deter Mongol Attacks.
1. He implemented the Iranian Theory of Divine Rights which said that Sultan is the
representative of God on Earth.
2. In his court only the king was allowed to sit and everyone else kept standing.
3. He introduced Qadam bosi(kissing of the feet) and Sajda (bowing infront of the sultan).
Which of the following kings introduced the above system?
a) Balban
b) Iltutmish
c) Aurangzeb
d) Mohammad bin Tughlaq
Q.82) Solution (a)
Balban wanted to consolidate the empire and wanted to establish the position of king as the
supreme and unquestionable. He wanted to put fear in everyones mind that no one even
think of revolting against him.
Q.83) Consider the following Titles:
Title
Personality
1. Zil-e-Ilahi
Babur
2. Alamgir
Dara Shikoh
3. Shah-i-Buland Iqbal
Aurangzeb
Which of the above are incorrectly matched?
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
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Q.83) Solution (b)

Shah-i- Buland Iqbal was the title given to Prince Dara Shikoh and Alamgir to Aurangzeb.
Q.84) The legend says that some of the Rajput clans were born from the Fire Altar (Agni
kund). Which of the following clans are Agnikula?
1. Chauhans
2. Chalukyas
3. Pratiharas
4. Parmars
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 3 only
c) 2,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.84) Solution (d)
The four Rajput clans from Agnikunda are Chauhans, Chalukyas, Parmaras and Pratiharas.
1. Chachnama is the oldest chronicle of Bengal region.
2. Rajatarangini is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the Kings of Kashmir.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.85) Solution (b)
The Arab conquest of Sindh is mentioned in the oldest Chronicle of Sindh called Chach
Nama. At the time of Arab Invasions, Sindh was under Raja Dahir who reigned till 712 AD
from his capital Brahamanabad. He was attacked, defeated and killed by Mohammad Bin
Qasim, a general of the Umayyad Caliphate.
Q.86) Consider the following Statements:
1. Sankaracharya started a Hindu rivavalist movement and introduced the doctrine of
Advaitavada or monoism.
2. Ramanuja from Kannada region preached Dvaitavaad or dualism of Jivatma and
Parmatma.
3. Madhavacharya born near modern Chennai, preached Vishitadvaitvaad.
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a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 3 only
d) All of the above
Q.86) Solution (a)
In the ninth century Sankara started a Hindu revivalist movement giving a new orientation
to Hinduism. He was born in Kaladi in Kerala. His doctrine of Advaita or Monism was too
abstract to appeal to the common man. Moreover, there was a reaction against the Advaita
concept of Nirgunabrahman (God without attributes) with the emergence of the idea of
Sagunabrahman (God with attributes).
In the twelfth century, Ramanuja, who was born at Sriperumbudur near modern Chennai,
preached Visishtadvaita. According to him God is Sagunabrahman. The creative process and
all the objects in creation are real but not illusory as was held by Sankaracharya. Therefore,
God, soul, matter are real. But God is inner substance and the rest are his attributes. He also
advocated prabattimarga or path of self-surrender to God. He invited the downtrodden to
Vaishnavism.
In the thirteenth century, Madhava from Kannada region propagated Dvaita or dualism of
Jivatma and Paramatma. According to his philosophy, the world is not an illusion but a
reality.
God, soul, matter are unique in nature.
Q.87) A commentary on Bhagvad Geeta called Gnaneswari was written by which of the
following Bhakti Saints?
a) Gnanadeva
b) Namadeva
c) Ekanath
d) Tukaram
Q.87) Solution (a)
Gnanadeva was the founder of the Bhakti Movement in Maharashtra in the thirteenth
century. It was called Maharashtra dharma. He wrote a commentary of Bhagavat Gita called
Gnaneswari.
Namadeva preached the gospel of love. He opposed idol worship and priestly domination.
He also opposed the caste system.
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In the sixteenth century, Ekanatha opposed caste distinctions and sympathetic towards the
lower castes. He composed many lyrics and his bhajans and kirtans were famous.
Another Bhakti saint of Maharashtra was Tukaram, a contemporary of Sivaji. He was
responsible for creating a background for Maratha nationalism. He opposed all social
distinctions.
Q.88) Consider the following statements regarding Chau Dance of India:
1. It is one of the classical dances of India.
2. It is performed in Odisha, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
3. It is a martial dance.
4. While dancing, performers wear masks and elaborate costumes and depict mythological
stories.
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1,2 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.88) Solution (b)
It is not a classical Dance. It is a tribal martial Dance form famous in West Bengal, Jharkhand
and Odisha.
The three forms of Chau are named after the district or village where they are performed,
i.e. the Purulia Chau of Bengal, the Seraikella Chau of Bihar now Jharkhand, and the
Mayurbhanj Chau of Orissa.
The Seraikella Chhau developed in Seraikela, the present day administrative headquarters of
the Seraikela Kharsawan district of Jharkhand, the Purulia Chhau in Purulia district of West
Bengal and the Mayurbhanj Chhau in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. The most prominent
difference among the three subgenres is regarding the use of masks. While, the Seraikela
and Purulia subgenres of Chhau use masks, the Mayurbhanj Chhau uses none.
The Chhau dance is mainly performed during regional festivals, especially the spring festival
of Chaitra Parva which lasts for thirteen days and in which the whole community
participates. The Chhau blends within it forms of both dance and martial practices
employing mock combat techniques (called khel), stylized gaits of birds and animals (called
chalis and topkas) and movements based on the chores of village housewives (called uflis).
The dance is performed by male dancers from families of traditional artists or from local
communities and is performed at night in an open space, called akhada or asar, to
traditional and folk music, played on the reed pipes mohuri and shehnai. A variety of drums
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accompany the music ensemble including the dhol (a cylindrical drum), dhumsa (a large
kettle drum) and kharka or chad-chadi. The themes for these dances include local legends,
folklore and episodes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata and other abstract themes.
In 2010 the Chhau dance was inscribed in the UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible
Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojkj37wzOnc
Q.89) Consider the following statements regarding Dara Shikoh:
1. He was the youngest son of Shah Jahan and Shah Jahan declared him his heir to the
throne.
2. He translated 50 Upnishads from Sanskrit to Persian. This collection is called Sirr-e-Akbar.
3. He banned dance and music in the Mughal court.
4. In a battle he was captured by the army of Aurangzeb and publically executed.
a) 1 and 3
b) 2 and 4
c) 1,2 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.89) Solution (b)
Dara Shikoh was the eldest son of Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan declared him an heir to this
throne.
He was a great patron of art, music and dance.
Q.90) Consider the following:
Folk Theatre
Place
1. Bhand Pahter
Jammu and Kashmir
2. Swang
Maharashtra
3. Jatra
West Bengal
4. Bhaona
Assam
Which of the above are correctly matched?
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 2,3 and 4
c) 1,3 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.90) Solution (c)
Swang is a folk theatre of Haryana.
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http://ccrtindia.gov.in/theatreforms.php
Q.91) Which of the following statements are correct differences between Nagara style
temple and Dravidan Temples?
1. The Shikhar of Nagara Temples are pyramidal while Vimana of Dravidan Temples have a
curving shape.
2. Dravidan temples have elaborate gates called Gopurams while Nagara Temples do not
have them.
3. Nagara temples have a Garbha griha while Dravidan temples do not.
4. Both Nagara and Dravidan temples have mandaps.
a) 1,2 and 3
b) 2 and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) All of the above
Q.91) Solution (c)
Shikhar of Nagara temples are curved while Vimana of Dravidan temples have pyramidal
shape.
Both nagara and Dravidan temples have Garbhagriha where the idol of the Chief deity is
placed.
*Note: Option (c) was wrongly given as 3 and 4, rather it should be 2 and 4
Both the styles have garbhagriha.. so statement 3 is incorrect. only statement 2 and
statement 4 are correct.
Q.92) Consider the following statements regarding Pandvani:

1. It is a folk painting of Chattisgarh depicting scenes from Mahabharat.
2. Artists use natural colours and grains to make these large murals on the external walls of
their houses.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
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Q.92) Solution (d)

Pandvani is a folk singing style involving narration of tales from the ancient Indian epic
Mahabharata. The singing also involves musical accompaniment. Bhima, the second of the
Pandava is the hero of the story in this style.
This form of folk theatre is popular in the central Indian state of Chhattisgarh and in the
neighbouring areas of Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh.
Jhaduram Dewangan and Teejan Bai are the most renowned singers of this style.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTUfEsazqIs
1. Shadow puppets are cut out of leather and treated to make them translucent.
2. Shadow puppets are pressed on a screen with a strong source of light behind them.
3. Ravanachayya is a shadow puppet style of Odisha where puppets are made of single
piece and have no joints.
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above
Q.93) Solution (d)
http://ccrtindia.gov.in/puppetforms.php
Q.94) Who among the following was appointed as the supreme authority in justice during
the era of Mughal Emperors ?
a) Qazi-ul-Quzat
b) Qazi-ul-Hazat
c) Qazi-Faiz-ul-Islam
d) Wazir
Q.94) Solution (a)
Qazi-ul-quzat Besides Mughal rulers, Qazi-ul-Quzat was the supreme authority in justice.
Since it was difficult for the emperor to do-away with justice in all the cases, he appointed
Qazi-ul-Quzat to do the justice in accordance with Muslim Law. The Chief Judge of the
sultanate was known as the Qazi-i-Mamalik also known as the Qazi-ul-Quzat.
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1. Tripartite struggle is the name given to a century long tussle between Gurjar Pratiharas,
Palas and Pallavas to control the north.
2. The struggle was to gain control over the city of Kannauj and Ganga-Yamuna Doab
region.
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q.95) Solution (b)
The tripartite struggle was between Gurjar Pratiharas, Palas and Rashtrakutas.
Q.96) From the times of which among the following
Gangaikondacholapuram became the capital of the Chola empire?
a) Parantaka Chola I
b) Rajendra Chola I
c) Raja Raja Chola I
d) Vikrama Chola
Chola
rulers,
the
Q.96) Solution (b)

Gangaikondacholapuram was constructed by Rajendra Chola I to commemorate his
conquest over the chalukyas and other feudatories Kalonga, Gangas, Palas etc .These
victories led him to assume the title Gangaikonda.
Q.97) Double Dome was one of the most magnificent features of the indo Islamic
architecture. The main reason of making the double dome was:
a) It maintained the height and grandeur of the building from outside and still keep the
ceiling aesthetic from inside.
b) Double dome served as an eco-sounding system amplifying the sound.
c) It helped in keeping the room cool.
d) It used less construction material than a single dome.
Q.97) Solution (a)
To provide appropriate height to the monuments without losing aesthetic value Double
Dome in Islamic Architecture A double dome is built of two layers. There is one layer inside
which provides ceiling to the interior of the building. The other layer is the outer one which
crowns the buildings.
The devices of double dome enable the ceiling Inside to be placed lower and In better
relation to the Interior space it covers. This is done without disturbing the proportions and
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the effect of elevation of the exterior. The method of making double dome was practised In
east Asia for quite sometime before it was imported into India. It was a problem for the
early Muslim builders to place a dome over an edifice effectively. If they erected it high, it
left a deep void of darkness in the ceiling of the building it cover-ed. In case they kept it low.
in proportion with the dimensions of the room. it diminished the monumental effect of the
structure. The solution was invented as double dome. In this innovation. the dome. instead
of consisting of one thickness of masonry. was composed of two separate shellsone OUler
and the other inner-with ample space between them. The attempts in the direction of
Double Dome started with tomb of Taj Khan (1501 ) and the tomb of Sikandar Lodi (1518),
both in Delhi. However, the fully mature form of the double dome is seen, for the first time
in India in the tomb of Humayun.
1) Buddhism condemned the varna system, whereas Jainism did not condemn the varna
system.
2) Buddhism does not recognize the existence of god and soul, whereas Jainism recognized
the existence of the gods.
Which above given statement(s) is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both
d) None
Q.98) Solution is (c)
According to Mahavira, a person is born in a high or in a lower varna in consequence of
the sins or the virtues acquired by him in the previous birth.
Buddhism does not recognize the existence of god and soul (atman). This can be taken
as a kind of revolution in the history of Indian religions.
Jainism recognized the existence of the gods but placed them lower than the jina. A
human being who has conquered all inner passions like attachment, desire, anger, pride,
greed, etc. is called Jina.
Q.99) Which among the following statements is not true in regard to Paitkar Paintings an
endangered art form which is in decline and may soon become extinct?
a) Paitkar paintings are scroll paintings practiced by the tribal people of West Bengal state.
b) The cultural heritage of this old form of painting has associations with one of the most
well-known goddess in the Bengali household, Ma Manasa.
c) The Paitkar paintings have links with the socio-religious custom of holding yajnas and
giving alms.
d) The paintings have a common subject what happens to human life post death.
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Q.99) Solution (a)

Paitkar paintings are scroll paintings practiced by the tribal people of Jharkhand state.
Q.100) Chikankari is
a) An intricate and fine shadow-work type of embroidery traditionally done with white
yarn on colourless muslins called tanzeb.
b) A carpet, akin to Persian carpets of Iranian origin, which is completely hand-made, handknotted and are primarily made in pure wool, pure silk and occasionally wool and silk
blends.
c) Literally a pen craft is an art that involves hand block printing apart from painting on
a saree.
d) A delicious food item of Ambur, Tamil Nadu, which recently got GI tag under
Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection Act 1999) Act.
Q.100) Solution (a)
Chikankari is an intricate and fine shadow-work type of embroidery traditionally done
with white yarn on colourless muslins called tanzeb.
Q.101) Conisder the following statements in regard to Thangka art:
1) Thangka is one of the Manipurs most ancient martial arts.
2) Thangka involves using a sword or sphere against one or more opponents.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both
d) None
Q.101) Solution (d)
Thangkas are typical paintings of Sikkim (as well as Tibet), originally a medium of
reverence through which the highest ideals of Buddhism were evoked.
Thangkas are created on cotton canvas and often framed with silk. They depict the
images of different deities and philosophies related to Buddhism.
Thangkas were traditionally made by Buddhist priests and monks and specific ethnic
groups, the skills being passed from generation to generation. (Now Thangkas are an
endangered art form which is on decline)
The colours used in making a thangka are all vegetable or mineral dyes extracted from
nature.
Thang-ta is one of the Manipurs most ancient martial arts. Thang-ta involves using a
sword or sphere against one or more opponents.
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Ancient + Medieval History and Culture- Subject wise compilation of 60 Day Plan- 2016

Q.6) Consider the following statements regarding the Prayag Prashasti:

Q.7) Solution (a)

For more: https://www.britannica.com/topic/chronology#ref523197

The Four Noble Truths of Buddha are:

The cause of suffering is desire.

If desires are get rid off, suffering can be removed.

This can be done by following the Eightfold Path.

Q.10) Consider the following statements regarding Mudrarakshasa:

Q.10) Solution (a)

Select the code from the following:

International Intellectual Property Index is compiled by US Chamber of Commerce.

d) The one without enemies.

Q.31) Solution (c)

Which one of the above is/are incorrectly matched?

Q.35) Consider the following statements regarding Indo-Islamic architecture

Chaitya, Stupa, Vihara, bronze images are a part of Buddhist architecture.

Which of the above statements are incorrect?

Parsvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara is considered to be the founder of Jainism.

Q.54) Solution (c)

At the age of 29 years

DHARMACHA KOSALA, KASI

VAJJI/LICHHAV Death at the

Select the correct code:

instead worshipping scriptures,.

Q.63) Gothenburg protocol is related to:

Which of the above statements are incorrect?

Which of the above statements are correct?

Q.83) Solution (b)

Which of the above statements are correct?

Q.92) Consider the following statements regarding Pandvani:

Q.92) Solution (d)

Q.96) Solution (b)

Q.99) Solution (a)

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