27/1/2012

100YearOldWomanGetsDegreea
DayBeforeDying
CONCORD,N.H.(Jan.26) ItwasHarrietRichardsonAmes'dreamtoearn
herbachelor'sdegreeineducation.Shefinallyreachedthatmilestone,
nearlythreeweeksafterachievinganother:her100thbirthday.
OnSaturday,thedayafterreceivingherdiplomaatherbedside,the
retiredschoolteacherdied,pleasedthatshehadaccomplishedhergoal,
herdaughtersaid.Ameshadbeeninhospicecare.
"ShehadwhatIcalla'bucketlist,'andthatwasthelastthingonit,"
MarjorieCarpentersaidTuesday.
Ames,whoturned100onJan.2,hadearnedatwoyearteaching
certificatein1931atKeeneNormalSchool,nowKeeneStateCollege.
ShetaughtinaoneroomschoolhouseinSouthNewbury,andlater
spent20yearsasateachingprincipalatMemorialSchoolinPittsfield,
whereshetaughtfirstgraders.
CarpenterFamily/AP
Atage100,HarrietRichardsonAmesfulfilledherdreamofearningher
bachelor'sdegreeineducation.Adayaftershereceivedherdiploma,she
died.
Throughtheyears,shehadtakenclassesattheUniversityofNew
Hampshire,PlymouthTeachersCollegeandKeeneStatetoearncredits
forherdegree.Withhereyesightfailing,shestoppedafterretiringin
1971andwasneversureifshehadenoughcredits.
HerwishforadegreebecameknownwhenaKeeneStatefilmprofessor
interviewedheracoupleofyearsagoforapieceonthecollege'sown
centennial,whichtheschoolcelebratedlastyear.

IE2150Week3
Jan30312012
HumanInformationProcessing
TanKayChuan
Tan
Kay Chuan
DeptofISE,NUS

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HumanInformationProcessingModel
abstraction

ModelingMentalActivity
Serial,parallel,orhybridprocessor?
First serial, then parallel processing
Firstserial,thenparallelprocessing
Motortasks,easier;cognitivetask,difficult

Memory ThreeTheoreticalSpaces
Shorttermsensorystorage
Veridical,shorttimespan(>1sec),mustbe
d l h
(
)
b
processedorwillbelost
Iconicstorage
Echoicstorage

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Memory ThreeTheoreticalSpaces
Shortterm/Workingmemory
Capacitylimitation(7+/ 2unitsofinfo)
CriticalvariablesinSTM/WMrecall

Rehearsal
Proactiveandretroactiveinterference
DifferentSTM/WMstorages
Semanticmeaningfulness

StrategiesforreducingSTM/WMdemands
Association/Grouping/Chunking /link/cue
meaning

Sternbergmemorytaskparadigm

http://www.millisecond.com/download/samples/v3/Sternber
g/default.aspx

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RecallasFunctionofSerialPosition
Primary

Recency

FILO
LILO

ProactiveandRetroactiveInterference

when info tt u alr have

interferes w new info

when 1 info is more impt than another,

we select the 1 tt is more impt

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Knowledge
Theory

SemanticMeaningfulness

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SemanticMeaningfulness

SemanticMeaningfulness
TH_ _FF_CTS
TH
FF CTS _F
F EM
EM_TI_N
TI N A_E
A E
SO_HG_ W_TH D_V_TI_N, FOR
TH_Y CLE_R_Y R_L_TE TO TH_
M_T_ER. B_T PR_B_E_S A_ISE,
WH N Y_U
WH_N
Y UF
F_C_S
C SY
Y_UR
UR E
E_YES
YES ON
AL_ THE ST_TIS_IC_L S_AT_ER.

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Memory ThreeTheoreticalSpaces

Hierarchicalorganization
Reduce distraction
Reducedistraction
Redundantvisual/auditorycueing
Automatedinformationmgmt

Longtermmemory
Capacity
Duration
Memoryloss(dementia,etc)
Learningnewinformation

HierarchicalOrganization

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there needs to be a cue for us to link other pieces of info

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CompatibilityinHuman
InformationProcessing
Conceptualcompatibility
Movementcompatibility
Spatialcompatibility

ConceptualCompatibility

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ConceptualCompatibility

ConceptualCompatibility

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ConceptualCompatibility

MovementCompatibility
Expectation
- Stereotype

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MovementCompatibility

SpatialCompatibility

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Display Layout

__________________________

SpatialCompatibility
Controls Layout

to relate the spatial layout of the display to the controls

Compatibility(Overall,KIVforfutureuse)

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HumanMachineSystem

VigilanceandSignalDetectionTheory
Sustainedattentionoverlongperiodoftime
Signal,Noise:Lowerabilitywithlowsignallevel
Affectedby:
Signalstrength
Numberofdifferentnoises
Knowledgeofresults(training)
K
l d
f
lt (t i i )
Fatigue
Motivation

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VigilanceandSignalDetectionTheory
Signal
Present

Absent

Present

Hit

FalseAlarm

Absent

Miss

Correct
Correct
Rejection

Decision

http://psych.hanover.edu/javatest/std/outcomes.html

VigilanceandSignalDetectionTheory
WhystudyvigilanceandSDT?
Determineminimumsensitivityanddiscrimination
Understandthebias (penaltyforfalsealarm,
rewardforhit)

Applications
Appliestomanyformsofdecisionmaking(e.g.,
Applies to many forms of decision making (e g
medicaldiagnosis,airportcheckpoints)
Taskdesign
ThereisSDTincognition,vision,andhearing

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ORGA
ANIZAT
TION

27/1/2012

Brain (human info processing)

Eye (Vision)
Hearing

Controls
Muscular
Skeletal

Memory
Compatibility
Vision

Memory
Short Term Sensory Store
- Iconic
- Echoic
Short Term Memory
Long Term Memory

Controls

Groupprojectproposaldue
Tutorials
Textbook(beaware,othertextbookswiththesametitle)
http://www.figtree.com.sg/e_ads/improve_memory.html

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