Analysis of beams for moment

Summary of procedure: Beam Analysis for moment only

Design of beams for flexure
Summary of procedure: Beam Analysis for

ANALYSIS OF BEAMS FOR MOMENT

The analysis problem is generally considered to be the investigation of a

beam whose cross section is known.

One may be concerned with checking the adequacy of a given beam,

determining an allowable load, or finding the maximum existing bending
stress in the beam.

Sample Problem 1

A W21 x 44 beam is to span 7.32m on simple supports. Assume full lateral and A36
steel. The load shown is a superimposed load, meaning that it does not include the
weight of the beam. Determine whether the beam is adequate by
(a) Comparing the actual bending stress with the allowable bending stress.
(b) Comparing the actual applied moment with the resisting moment MR
Solution
a. Determine the actual bending stress from the flexure formula
fb= Mc / I = M/S
from the properties tablem for the w21x44 Sx= 1.337x10^3 mm^3
23.54 kn.m (applied load)

+ 0.642 (beam weight)

_________
24.182 kn/m (total uniform load w)
M=

w l2
=
8

fb =

24.182

( 7.32 )2
=181.97 knm
8

M 161.97 (12)
=
=121.14 Mpa
Sx 1.337(10)3

b. The applied moment M has been determined to be 161.97. Resisting moment

calculated from the flexure formula:
Mr = FbSx = 165.47 (1.337x10^3) = 221.23 knm
M < Mr

SUMMARY OF PROCEDURE: BEAM ANALYSIS FOR MOMENT ONLY

DEIGN OF BEAMS FOR MOMENT

The basis for moment design is to provide a beam that has a moment
capacity equal to or greater than the anticipated maximum applied moment
M the flexural formula is used to determine a required section modulus S:
S = M / Fb
The section modulus on which the selection will be based is assumed to be
strong axis section modulus Sx.

Sample Problem
Select the lightest W shape for the beam shown in Figure. Assume lateral support
(Lb=0) and A36 steel. Consider moment only

Load, Shear and Moment Diagrams

Solution
In the moment diagram we solved maximum moment is equal to 336knm
Select Fb if possible. In this case A36 steel beam has full lateral support and Fb
almost assuredly equals 0.66Fy, since virtually all W shapes of A36 steel are
compact.
Therefore, Fb = 0.66Fy = 0.66(248) = 163.68 Mpa
Determine the required Sx:
Sx= M/ Fb =

336
163.68

= 2.05(10)^3mm^3

From the ASDM part 2 (Allowable stress design selection table), select a w24 x 76
with an Sx= 2.88(10)^3 mm^3. Add in the effect of the beam weight.

The w24x76 is satisfactorily since 2.88(10)^3 mm^3 > 2.09(10)^3 mm^3 required.
Since Fy m> Fy it has adequate lateral support.
Use w24 x 76.

SUMMARY OF PROCEDURE: BEAM DESIGN FOR MOMENT

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