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ﺍﻟﻐﺰﻳﺰﺍﻝ
@ @HïÔÏþa@拾a@‘aìäÛaI@@@@ibã@–@kÜ–@áu@òÇìàa@À@òÓbĐÛa
)ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺀ ﻃﻨﺠﺔ(
ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺳﻜﺔ ﺃﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻛﺘﻠﺘﻪ m = 250gﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻄﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﺑﺾ ﺫﻭ
ﻟﻔﺎﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﻛﺘﻠﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺻﻼﺑﺘﻪ k = 10N.m-1ﺛﺒﺖ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ.ﻧﺰﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻧﻪ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ x0 = + 2,0 cmوﻧﺤﺮﺭﻩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺑﺪﺋﻴﺔ ﻧﻬﻤﻞ ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻭﻧﻤﺎﺛﻠﻪ ﺑﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻗﺼﻮﺭﻩ G
m G
O
r x
i
ﻧﺪﺭﺱ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ Gﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﻩ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﻠﻴﺎ .ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ Oﻣﻊ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ Gﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
Figure 1
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺑﺾ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻜﻮﻥ .
(1ﻧﻬﻞ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﺔ .
(11ﺃﺟﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ .
(12ﺍﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻭﻣﺜﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ )ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻢ(
ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺃﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻓﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ .
k
( x(t ) = X m cosﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ Xmﻭ . ϕ )t + ϕ (13ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ
m
(14ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ). x(tﺛﻢ ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ . T0
ur r
.. (µ > 0). fﻣﻜﻦ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻣﺴﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ = − µ .v (2ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻛﺎﺕ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ
ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ
ا2
)x (10–3 m
20
15
10
5
-10
-15
(21ﺣﺪﺩ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﺑﺬﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻨﺠﺰﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺬﺑﺬﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰ ﻟﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎﺭﻧﻪ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ
ﺟﻮﺍﺏ .(14
(22ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺜﻞ ﻝ EC(t) :ﻭ) EP(tﻭ ) Em(tﻣﻌﻠﻼ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻚ
(23ﻋﻠﻞ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺬﺑﺬﺑﺔ .
(24ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ 3ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﻌﻠﻼ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻱ ﻟﺤﻈﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻙ ﺃ( ﻗﺼﻮﻳﺔ .ﺏ( ﺩﻧﻮﻳﺔ
(25ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﺈﻳﺠﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻫﺎ ﻗﻮﻩ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﻙ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻭﻓﺴﺮ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ Cﻫﻴﺌﺔ" ﺭﺗﺒﺔ ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭ
ﻟﺤﻈﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ . 0,6s ;1,0s ;… :