2.4.

1 FLOW-ON-FLOW
Conducting a flow-on-flow test entails flowing the well until the flowing
pressure stabilises
and then repeating this at several different rates. Usually the rate is
increased at each step
ensuring that stabilised flow is achievable. The durations of each flow
period are equal.
This type of test is applicable to high rate gas well testing and is followed
by a single
pressure build up period.

2.4.2 ISOCHRONAL
An Isochronal test consist of a similar series of flow rates as the flow-onflow test, each
rate of equal duration and separated by a pressure build-up long enough
to reach the
stabilised reservoir pressure. The final flow period is extended to achieve a
stabilised
flowing pressure for defining the IPR.

2.4.3 MODIFIED ISOCHRONAL

The modified isochronal test is used on tight reservoirs where it takes a
long time for the
shut-in pressure to stabilise. The flow and shut-in periods are of the same
length, except
the final flow period which is extended similar to the isochronal test. The
flow rate again is
increased at each step.

2.4.4 RESERVOIR LIMIT

A reservoir limit test is an extended drawdown test which is conducted on
closed reservoir

systems to determine their volume. It is only applicable where there is no

regional aquifer
support. The well is produced at a constant rate until an observed pressure
drop, linear
with time, is achieved. Surface readout pressure gauges should be used in
this test.
It is common practice to follow the extended drawdown with a pressure
build-up. The
difference between the initial reservoir pressure, and the pressure to
which it returns, is
the depletion. The reservoir volume may be estimated directly from the
depletion, also the
volume of produced fluid and the effective isothermal compressibility of
the system. The
volume produced must be sufficient, based on the maximum reservoir
size, to provide a
measurable pressure difference on the pressure gauges; these must
therefore be of the
high accuracy electronic type gauges with negligible drift.
2.5 INTERFERENCE
An interference test is conducted to investigate the average reservoir
properties and
connectivity between two or more wells. It may also be conducted on a
single well to
determine the vertical permeability between separate reservoir zones.
A well-to-well interference test is not carried out offshore at the
exploration or appraisal
stage as it is more applicable to developed fields. Pulse testing, where the
flowrate at one
of the wells is varied in a series of steps, is sometimes used to overcome
the background
reservoir pressure behaviour when it is a problem.
2.6 INJECTIVITY

In these tests a fluid, usually seawater offshore is injected to establish the

formations
injection potential and also its fracture pressure, which can be determined
by conducting a
step rate test. Very high surface injection pressures may be required in
order to fracture
the formation.
The water can be filtered and treated with scale inhibitor, biocide and
oxygen scavenger, if
required. Once a well is fractured, which may also be caused by the
thermal shock of the
cold injection water reaching the sandface, a short term injection test will
generally not
provide a good measure of the long term injectivity performance.

After the injectivity test, the pressure fall off is measured. The analysis of
this test is similar
to a pressure build-up, but is complicated by the cold water bank.
3. GENERAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Well testing is potentially hazardous and requires good planning and cooperation/coordination between all the parties involved.
The most important aspect when planning a well test is the safety risk
assessment
process. To this end, strict areas of responsibilities and duties shall be
defined and
enforced, detailed below.

3.1 RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES

The following Companys/Contractors personnel shall be present on the
rig:
Company Drilling and Completion Supervisor.
Company Junior Drilling and Completion Supervisor.

 Company Drilling Engineer.

Company Production Test Supervisor.
Company Well Site Geologist.
Contractor Toolpusher.
Contract Production Test Chief Operator.
Contractor Downhole Tool Operator.
Wireline Supervisor (slickline & electric line).
Tubing Power Tong Operator.
Torque Monitoring System Engineer.

Depending on the type of test, the following personnel may also be

required on the rig
during the Well test:
Company Stimulation Engineer.
Company Reservoir Engineer.

3.1.1 COMPANY DRILLING AND COMPLETION SUPERVISOR

The Company Drilling and Completion Supervisor retains overall
responsibility on the rig
during testing operations. He is assisted by the Company Production Test
Supervisor,
Drilling Engineer, Well Site Geologist and Company Junior Drilling and
Completion
supervisor. When one of the above listed technicians is not present, the
Company Drilling
and Completion Supervisor, in agreement with Drilling and Completion
Manager and
Drilling Superintendent, can perform the test, after re-allocation of the
duties and
responsibilities according to the Well Test specifications. If deemed
necessary he shall

request that the rig be inspected by a Company safety expert prior to

starting the well test.