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until today it is being used, the ractice of trade and introduction to porcelain and silks. 2. Indian Empire: that contributed more to
the political and religious culture of the archipelago. The Srivijayan Empire that introduces Buddhistic-Hinduistic institution and
the Majapahit Empire that penetrated Hinduistic influences in Southeast Asia.
The Ethnic Synthesis
Emergent period, because of the development from the dynamic interactions between ecological system and external
influences, ethnolinguistic groups emerged. And because of these interactions, crystallization of ethnolinguistic groups were tight
but narrowed into distinct ethnic group by the time of Western contact.
Institutions emerged that brought about components of communities or societies. First, the Political Institutions or the
patterns of authority that was practiced in the archipelago. The process of tongtong to arrange conflicts between the ethnic groups.
Second, the Economic Institutions or the economic structures that was practiced during the time. Third, the Sociocultural
Processes or the sociocultural institutions that emerged from varied community interactions, the preserved traditions.
CHAPTER 4
The Rise of the Communities
The communities that emerged from the contact of the colonizers.
The Moros
The first Muslim group to bring the faith according to Sulu tarsila. Islam community was viewed as the totality
expressing unity of life as thought by the Koran.
The Indios
Emerged upon the advent of the Spanish culture which was spread by means of sword and the cross in some of the ethnic
group. Most Christianized places are from the lowlands. Plaza Complex, kind of town planning in which the fort and the church
were integrated centrally and concentrically with the social classes. Introduction to processions, masses and sacraments.
The Infieles
According to the Spanish, the Infieles are the pagans. They are the one that were never Islamized and Christianized. They
were the only ones who preserved and practiced their own tradition.
Looking into the different communities that emerged from the contact of the colonizers, it made a dilemma among the
native groups, that destroyed the original culture or practice of the archipelago. Seeing the next chapters of Samuel Tans A
History of the Philippines, it is the struggle of the people to return or reclaim the archipelago from the colonizers. From the
Spanish Colonial system result to a native response. 2 responses, first to assimilate, that Philippines to become a province of Spain
and second a response to separate from the Spanish rule. It is truly seen in the responses that it made a dilemma among the natives
but those who decided to separate never turned their back and continued their action in order to regain the archipelago from the
colonial rule. As a result, different movements emerged to fight the colonial rule. Same with the American rule, the natives again
was divided into two the option to compromise and the revolutionary continuum, consisting a nativistic movements going against
the American colonial rule. But despite these movements colonial rule reign because of its influential tool: the Colonial
Educational System, the Americans taught the Filipinos in schools, about sports, literature, art, music, and other colonial practices
that up to now being practiced. Because of these influences we Filipinos found ourselves enjoying of what was taught to us.
Education emerged a new generations of Filipinos. Regarding the traditional culture as primitive and the new pattern from West,
the modern or the superior. Instead of recovering and regaining the traditional culture where the root of the native can be found,
Filipinos had developed a particular fondness in the new habitat and consequently adapted it and called it their new culture.