1

Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques

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Lexique trilingue de gotechnique

Lmergence de la langue anglaise en tant quoutil prfrentiel de communication en
gotechnique a fait que la littrature gotechnique mondiale est presque anglophone, ce qui
ncessite de disposer dun lexique permettant une traduction simultane des principaux termes
utiliss en pratique.
Sans prtendre tre exhaustif, le prsent lexique comporte une traduction trilingue des principaux
termes gotechniques utiliss dans ce livre. Ces derniers ont t aussi traduits en langue Arabe en
vue den faciliter la comprhension, dautant que la langue Arabe, de par la richesse de ses termes,
offre une meilleure assimilation des termes utiliss. Ce lexique a t mis au point la base de
certaines rfrences listes ci-dessous.

Franais
Angle de frottement
interne
Anisotropie
Argile
Boue de forage
Cailloux
Capacit portante
Charge de service
Charge verticale critique
Coefficient defficacit
du groupe
Coefficient de bute
Coefficient de
compression
Coefficient de
gonflement
Coefficient de pousse
Coefficient de pression
interstitielle (coefficient
de Skempton)
Coefficient de raction
verticale
Coefficient global de
scurit
Coefficient de scurit
local
Coefficient de structure
du sol

Symbole

Symbol

Unit

Unit

ql
Q
Qc
Cg

(kPa)

Kp

---

Coefficient of compression

Cc

---

Coefficient of swelling

Cg

---

Active earth pressure

coefficient
Pore pressures coefficient
(Skemptons coefficient)

Ka

---

---

Coefficient of vertical
subgrade reaction
Overall safety factor

k
Fs

(kPa/m)
---

Local safety factor

Fs

---

Coefficient of soil structure

---

()

English
Internal angle of friction

()

Anisotropy
Clay
Mud of drilling
Boulder
Bearing capacity
Working load
Vertical critical load
Efficiency factor for piles
group
Passive earth pressure
coefficient

(kN)
(kN)
---

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Symbole Unit
Franais

English

Symbol
Unit
Coefficient de
Cs
Coefficient of
surconsolidation
Cohsion

Cohsion additive (terre

arme)
Cohsion non draine
Compactage
Comportement court
terme
Comportement long
terme
Comportement drain
Comportement non
drain
Compressibilit du sol
Compressibilit relative
Compression primaire
Consolidation primaire
Consolidation secondaire
Contrainte admissible
Contrainte de
cisaillement
Contrainte de prcompression
Contrainte de
prconsolidation
Contrainte normale
Contrainte due au poids
des terres
Contrainte effective
Contrainte totale
Courbe de chargement
horizontal dun pieu
Courbe de chargement
vertical dun pieu
Courbe de raction P-y
Degr de saturation
Densit
Eau adsorbe
Echantillon Intact
Ecroulement (avalanche)
Effet du groupe

Expansion

surconsolidation
Cohesion

Additive cohesion
Undrained cohesion
(undrained shear strength)
Compaction

C
C

(kPa)

Cu

(kPa)

---

qadm

(kPa)

(kPa)

Short term behaviour

Long term behaviour

Drained behaviour

Soil compressibility

Undrained behaviour

Compressibility ratio
Primary compression
Primary consolidation
Secondary consolidation
Allowable pressure
Shear stress

(kPa)

Pre-compression pressure

(kPa)

Pre-consolidation pressure

(kPa)

Normal stress

(kPa)

'

(kPa)

Sr

(%)

P-y

Overburden pressure
Effective stress
Total stress

(kPa)

(kPa)

Pile load-deflection curve

Pile load-settlement curve
P-y reaction curve
Degree of saturation
Density
Adsorbed water
Intact sample
Avalanche
Group effect

Expansion

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Franais
Effort horizontal limite
dun pieu
Effort vertical limite
(capacit portante)
Elancement dune
fondation
lasticit
Equilibre limite
Equilibre surabondant
Espacement entre pieux
Essai de chargement de
pieu
Essai de pntration
dynamique
Essai de pntration
statique
Essai in-situ
Essai pressiomtrique
Essai de pntration
standard
Etat actif
Etat passif
Etat K0 (tat de repos)
Etat limite de service
Etat limite ultime
Facteur dinfluence des
dformations

Facteur de forme

Facteur de portance

Facteur de tassement par

fluage
Facteur partiel de scurit
Fiche

English

Symbole

Symbol

Unit

Unit

Limit lateral load of a pile

Limit vertical load of a pile

(bearing capacity)

Ql

(kN)

Slenderness of a foundation

D/B

---

(m)

Iz

---

Elasticity
Limit equilibrium
Overabundant equilibrium
Pile to pile spacing
Pile loading test

Dynamic probing test DPT

()

Static penetration test CPT

In-situ testing
Pressuremeter test PMT
Standard penetration test
SPT
Active state
Passive state

( ) K0 Ko state (at-rest state)

Serviceability limit state

Ultimate limit state

Strain influence factor

Shape factor

Bearing capacity factor

Factor of settlement by
creep
Partial factor of safety
Embedment length

s
d
Fs
f
fd
fc
Kp
Kc
Kd
N
Nc
Nq
C2
D

---

---

(m)

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Symbole Unit
Franais

English

Symbol
Unit
Fiche critique
(m)
Dc
Critical embedment length
Fiche quivalente
(m)
De
Equivalent embedment
Fluage
Fondation circulaire
Fondation combine
Fondation continue
Fondation isole
Fondation profonde
Fondation superficielle
Fondation sur puits
Force capillaire
Force dcoulement
Fouille (excavation)
Fouille blinde
Frottement
Frottement latral limite
Frottement ngatif
Glissement de terrain
Glissement gnral
Glissement plan
Glissement rotationnel
Gonflement du sol
Gradient hydraulique
Gradient hydraulique
critique
Granulaire
Gravier
Hauteur critique
Homogne
Indice de compressibilit
Indice de compression
secondaire
Indice de consistance
Indice de densit
Indice de fluage
Indice de plasticit
Indice des vides
Interface sol/mur
Isotrope

length
Creep

Circular footing
Combined footing
Continuous (or strip) footing
Pad (or isolated) footing
Deep foundation
Shallow foundation
Pier foundation
Capillarity force
Flow force

Pe

(kN/m3)

qs

(kPa)

i
ic

---

Hc

(m)

Ic
C

---

Ic
ID
Cf
Ip
e

(%)

Excavation
Braced excavation
Friction
Limit skin friction
Negative skin friction
Landslide
Overall sliding
Plane slidine
Rotational sliding
Soil swelling (or soil heave)
Hydraulic gradient
Critical hydraulic gradient

---

Granular
Gravel
Critical (or limit) height
Homogeneous
Compressibility index
Secondary
compression
index
Consistency index
Density index
Creep index
Plasticity index
Void index
Soil/wall interface
Isotropic

---

(%)
--(%)
---

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Franais
Lche
Limite de liquidit
Limite de plasticit
Limon
Marne
Mcanisme de rupture
Mthode de calcul
Mthode de la pile fictive
Mthode des lments
finis
Mthode des tranches
Mthode empirique
Mthode observationnelle
Micropieux
Modlisation numrique
Module de raction
latrale
Module de raction
verticale
Moment de flexion limite
Moment moteur du
glissement
Moment rsistant au
glissement
Mur de soutnement

English

Liquidity limit
Plasticity limit

Permabilit
Pieu
Pieu battu
Pieu flottant
Pieu fonc
Pieu for
Pieu rsistant en pointe
Pieu viss
Plasticit
Poids volumique djaug

Es

(MPa)

Es

(MPa)

Ml
Mm

(kN.m)

Mr

(kN.m)

Nspt

---

'

(kN/m3)

(%)

Failure mechanism
Design method
Fictious pier method
Finite elements method
Slices method
Empirical method
Observational method
Micropile
Numercial modelling
Lateral subgrade reaction
modulus
Vertical subgrade reaction
modulus
Limit bending moment
Driving moment
Resisting moment against
sliding
Retaining wall

SPT Number of blows (or N-

(%)

Marl

Nombre de coups du SPT

Paroi moule

l
p

Silt

Mur en terre arme

Gabion

Unit

Unit

Loose

Mur en batardeau

Symbole

Symbol

(kN.m)

Cofferdam
Gabion
Earth reinforced wall
value)
Diaphragm wall
Permeability
Pile
Driven pile
Floating pile
Jacked pile
Bored pile
End bearing pile
Screwed pile
Plasticity
Submerged unit weight

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Franais

Poids volumique humide

Poids volumique satur

Poids volumique sec
Porosit
Pression de bute
Pression de pousse
Pression des terres au
repos
Pression en pointe
Pression globale
Pression Interstitielle
Pression limite nette
Pulvrulent
Radier
Rapport de fluage
Rapport de
surconsolidation
Remani
Remblai
Rsistance au
cisaillement
Rsistance au glissement
Rsistance dynamique
Rsistance en pointe
Rsistance quivalente
Rsistance
pntromtrique nette
Rideaux de palplanches
Rigide
Rigidit relative
Rupture
Sable
Sol bicouche
Sol cohrent
Sol fin
Sol monocouche
Sol multicouche
Sol normalement
consolid

English
Wet unit weight
Saturated unit weight
Dry unit weight
Porosity
Passive earth pressure
Active earth pressure
At-rest lateral earth pressure
Tip resistance
Overall pressure
Pore water pressure
PMT net limit pressure

Unit

Unit
(kN/m3)
(kN/m3)
(kN/m3)
(%)
(kPa)
(kPa)
(kPa)

qp
P
u
Pl*

(kPa)

R
OCR

---

ult

(kPa)

qd
qc
Ple*
qce
Nspte
qc*

(MPa)

---

(kPa)
(kPa)
(kPa)

Cohesionless
Raft (or mat) foundation
Creep ratio
Over consolidation ratio

---

Remoulded
Backfill
Shear resistance
Sliding resistance
DPT dynamic resistance

CPT cone (or tip) resistance

Symbole

Symbol
h
sat
d
n
Pp
Pa
P0

Equivalent resistance
CPT net cone resistance

(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)

Sheet pile wall

Stiff
Stiffness ratio
Failure
Sand
Bi-layered soil
Cohesive soil
Fine soil
Mono-layered soil
Multi-layered soil
Normally consolidated soil

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Franais
Sol sous-consolid
Sol sur-consolid
Soulvement du sol
Souple (flexible)
Stabilit au glissement
la base du mur
Stabilit au glissement
gnral
Stabilit au renversement
Stabilit densemble
Stabilit externe du mur
Stabilit interne dun mur
Surface de rupture
Surface lisse
Surface rugueuse
Surpression interstitielle
Talus
Tarrire
Tassement
Tassement admissible
Tassement dviatorique
Tassement diffrentiel
Tassement excessif
Tassement instantan
Tassement par fluage
Tassement sphrique
Teneur en eau
Tirant dancrage
Tranche
Valeur caractristique
Vibro-fonage

English

Symbole

Symbol

Unit

Unit

(kPa)

(mm)

sadm
sd

(mm)

si
sf
ss

(mm)

Under-consolidated soil
Over-consolidated soil
Soil heave
Flexible
Stability against sliding at
wall base
Stability against overall
sliding
Stability against overturning
Overall stability
External wall stability
Internal wall stability
Failure surface
Smooth surface
Rough surface
Excess of pore water
pressure
Slope
Auger
Settlement
Allowable settlement
Deviatoric settlement
Differential settlement

(mm)
(mm)

Excessive settlement
Immediate settlement
Creep settlement
Spherical settlement
Water content
Anchorage
Trench
Characteristic value
Vibro-driving

Xc

(mm)
(mm)
(%)

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Conception & Calcul des ouvrages Gotechniques
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Rfrences bibliographiques
1. Ahmed Shafik El-Khateeb (1985) A new dictionary of scientific & technical terms, 6th edition,
Librairie du liban , Beirut, Liban, 750 p.
2. Singh, P & Prakash, Sh (1986) Soil mechanics & foundation engineering, Traduction en langue
Arabe par Mohammed Omar El-Achou, Universit El-Mawsil, Iraq, 606 p.
3. International Society for Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical Engineering (1981) Lexicon in 8
languages for soil mechanics, 5th edition, 245 p.
4. Amrane, M & Nazih, K (1993) ( fondations), Universit Techrine, Syrie, 319 p.
5. Nweilati, I (1994) ( mcanique des sols), Universit Techrine, Syrie, 359 p.