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Cabeiri :
Originally, the Cabiri were Phrygian chthonic and fertility deities, and protectors of
sailors, who were imported into Greece. They are mysterious demons whose mystery
cults were connected to that of Hephaestus. In Classical times they numbered two,
although their numbers seem to have varied over time. Two gods included were
Axiocersus and his son Cadmilus. Also mentioned is a female pair, namely Axierus and
Axiocersa. Their role, however, was of secondary importance.
There were Cabiri sanctuaries on Thebes, Boeotia, Lemnos, Imbros, and especially on
Samothrace. On this particular island important remains of the mysteries can be
found: the Anaktoron (500 BCE), the center of the Cabiri-cult; the Sacristy, where the
lists of the adepts were kept; the Tenemos, the plaza where feasts were celebrated,
with its ancient temple; the new temple (ca. 275 BCE) where the famous statue
of Nike was excavated. The Cabiri are identified with the Dioscuri,
the Curetes, Corybantes, and with the Roman Penates.
In myth, the Cabeiri bear many similarities to other fabulous races, such as
the Telchines of Rhodes, the Cyclopes, the Dactyls, the Korybantes, and the Kuretes.
These different groups were often confused or identified with one another since many
of them, like the Cyclopes and Telchines, were also associated with metallurgy.
Main article: dactyl (mythology)
Diodorus Siculus said of the Cabeiri that they were Idaioi dactyloi ("Idaian Dactyls").
The Idaian Dactyls were a race of divine beings associated with the Mother
Goddess and with Mount Ida, a mountain in Phrygia sacred to the goddess. Hesychius
of Alexandria wrote that the Cabeiri were karkinoi ("crabs"). The Cabeiri as Karkinoi
were apparently thought of as amphibious beings (again recalling the Telchines). They
had pincers instead of hands, which they used as tongs (Greek: karkina) in
metalworking.
It has been suggested that the Orphic mysteries may have had their origins with the
Cabeiri.
The Laestrygonians :
(or Laestrygones, Laistrygones, Laistrygonians, Lestrygonians; Greek: )
are a tribe of giant cannibals from ancient Greek mythology. Odysseus, the main
character of Homer's Odyssey, visited them during his journey back home to Ithaca.
The giants ate many of Odysseus' men and destroyed eleven of his twelve ships by
launching rocks from high cliffs. Odysseus' ship was not destroyed as it was hidden in a
cove near shore. Everyone on Odysseus' ship survived
Parents used tales of the kobaloi to frighten children into behaving.[5] The term also
means "impudent knave, arrant rogue" in ancient Greek, and such individuals were
thought to invokekobaloi spirits.[6] Depictions of kobaloi are common in ancient Greek
art. Robert Brown has speculated that their inhuman features show that
the kobaloi are non-Hellenic in origin.[2]They are perhaps Aryan.[3]
The kobalos is related to two other Greek sprites: the kabeiroi (pygmies with large
phalluses) and the kerkopes.[2] The kobalos and kabeiroi came to be equated.[2] Other
European sprites may derive from belief in kobaloi. This includes spirits such as the
Lancashire boggart, Scottish bogle, French goblin, Medieval gobelinus,
German kobold, and English Puck.[7]Likewise, the names of many European spirits may
derive from the word kobalos. The word entered Latin as cobalus, then possibly
French as gobelin. From this, the English goblin and Welsh coblyn may derive.[8]
Monopods :
(also sciapods, skiapods, skiapodes, Monocoli) are mythological
dwarf-like creatures with a single, large foot extending from one
thick leg centered in the middle of their body. The
name Skiapodes is derived from - "shadow feet" in Greek,monocoli from
- 'one legged' in Greek.
That Circe also purified the Argonauts for the death of Apsyrtus, as related
in Argonautica,[3] may reflect early tradition.[4
Chione.
In Greek mythology Chione, or Khione,[1] (from Greek - chin, "snow"[2]), the
nymph or minor goddess of snow, was the daughter of Boreas, the North Wind,
and Oreithyia, anAthenian princess whom he abducted[3]. Her siblings included Zetes,
Calaides and Cleopatra[4]. She was loved by Poseidon and had with him a
son Eumolpus[5]. In fear of her father's wrath, she cast the child into the sea, but
Poseidon saved him and entrusted him to the care of Benthesikyme[6].
The Eumolpidae in charge of the Eleusinian mysteries claimed descent from her, as
the mother of Eumolpus with Poseidon.
In modern literature, a character in Rick Riordan's The Lost Hero, Khione, is named
after this mythical Chione.
Sirens
The Sirens were giant, winged creatures with the heads of women. They lived on
rocks on the sea, where their beautiful singing lured sailors to shipwreck. Odysseus
filled his sailors' ears with wax so that they might sail safely past the Sirens.
Minotaur
The Minotaur was a man-eating monster with the head of a bull. King Minos kept it
hidden in a labyrinth (a maze) in Knossos, on the island of Crete, where he used it to
frighten his enemies. Theseus killed the Minotaur.
Hydra
The Hydra was a massive and poisonous serpent with nine heads. Every time one head
was injured, another two grew in its place. Hercules sought out the monster in its
dark marsh and succeeded in destroying it.
Cyclopes
Each of the Cyclopes was gigantic and had a single eye in the middle of its forehead.
The Cyclopes made lightning and thunderbolts for Zeus to use. The
brutal Polyphemus, a Cyclops and a son of Poseidon, lived on an island, where he was
blinded by Odysseus.
Cerberus
Cerberus was a huge and powerful three-headed dog. He was owned by Hades, god of
the dead, who used the fearsome hound to guard the entrance to the underworld. In
his final labor, Hercules went to the underworld and kidnapped Cerberus.
Gorgons
The Gorgons were horrifyingly ugly monsters who lived at the edge of the world. Their
hair was made of serpents, and one look from a Gorgon's eyes would turn a man to
stone. Perseus killed the Gorgon Medusa by beheading her while looking only at her
reflection.
In Greek mythology, the Telchines :
(Greek: Telkhines) were the original inhabitants of the island of Rhodes, and
were known in Crete and Cyprus.
Their parents were either Pontus and Gaia, or Tartarus and Nemesis, or else they were
born from the blood of castrated Ouranos along with the Erinyes.[1] In another story
there were nine Telchines, children of Thalassa and Pontus; they had flippers instead
of hands and dogs' heads and were known as fish children.[2]
They were regarded as excellent metallurgists: various accounts[3][4] state that they
were skilled metal workers in brass and iron, and made a trident for Poseidon and a
sickle forCronus, both ceremonial weapons.[5] By some accounts, their children were
the goddesses Ialysos (), Kamiros () and Lindos ()[citation needed].
The Telchines were entrusted by Rhea with the upbringing of Poseidon, which they
accomplished with the aid of Capheira (), a daughter of Oceanus.[6] Another
version says that Rhea accompanied them to Crete from Rhodes, where nine of the
Telchines, known as the Curetes, were selected to bring up Zeus.[7]
The Telchines were associated and sometimes confused with
the Cyclopes, Dactyls and Curetes.[8]
The gods (Zeus, Poseidon or Apollo) eventually killed them because they began to use
magic for malignant purposes;[9] particularly, they produced a mixture
of Stygian water and sulfur, which killed animals and plants[10] (according to Nonnus,
they did so as a revenge for being driven out of Rhodes by the Heliadae.[11] Accounts
vary on how exactly they were destroyed: by flood,[12] or Zeus's thunderbolt,[13] or
Poseidon's trident,[14] or else Apollo assumed the shape of a wolf to kill them.[15] They
apparently lost one of the titanomachias, the battles between the gods and the
Titans.