Spray Guide, Malina, Kupina

4.
Berry Crops
Berry Crop Nutrition
Blueberries, Highbush
Blueberries perform best on acidic, well-drained soils
with high organic matter content.
around the plant to just beyond the spread of the

branches. Increase the rate of nitrogen each year until a
total of 3648 g per bush is applied. On older bushes,
apply most of the fertilizer under the outer spread of the
branches. See Table 42. Nitrogen Requirements for
Highbush Blueberries on this page. Avoid fertilizers
containing lime filler as they will raise the pH of the soil.
Test the soil two years before planting to see if

pH adjustment may be necessary. One year before
planting, test the soil again to determine pH, and
macro and micronutrients.
Incorporate acidic peat moss with the soil in the
planting hole to significantly improve plant
establishment and development. Dry peat moss will
draw soil moisture away from plant roots, so be sure
it is thoroughly moistened before planting.
pH requirements
Table 41. Elemental Sulphur

Required to Lower Soil pH
Sulphur required
to lower soil pH
Soil type
Check the soil pH annually in the plant row and add

elemental sulphur when necessary.
Fertilizer for blueberries

Nitrogen (N)
Highbush blueberries respond best to ammonium forms
of nitrogen. Use ammonium sulphate (21% N) if the
soil pH is above 5.0 and urea (46% N) if the pH is
below 5.0. Avoid using the nitrate nitrogen fertilizers.
In the spring after planting, apply a total of 12 g of
actual nitrogen per bush in a split application. Apply
the nitrogen just prior to bud break, petal fall and early
July. Distribute the fertilizer in a circle from 30 cm
350
35
sandy loam
loam
750
75
1,100
110
Example: The initial pH of a sandy loam soil is 6.2. The desired soil pH
for blueberries is 4.8. The soil pH must be lowered by 6.24.8 = 1.4 units.
Therefore, 1.4 x 750 = 1,050 kg/ha of sulphur is required.
Table 42. Nitrogen Requirements

for Highbush Blueberries
Nitrogen required (g per plant)
Plant age
Incorporate elemental sulphur at least 1 year prior to

planting to allow sufficient time for the sulphur to acidify
the soil. Sulphate fertilizers will not lower soil pH.
For each
0.1 pH unit
sand
Blueberries require a soil pH between 4.2 and 5.0 for

optimum growth and production. A soil pH above 6.5
usually cannot be lowered economically through the use
of sulphur or peat moss. For this reason, choose the site
for blueberry production carefully.
If the soil pH is between 5.1 and 6.5 acidify through
the incorporation of elemental sulphur and/or acidic
peat moss prior to planting. See Table 41. Elemental
Sulphur Required to Lower Soil pH on this page.
For each
1.0 pH unit
April 115
May 15
July 1
Newly planted
1 year
2 year
612
612
3 year
612
612
4 year
12
1218
612
5 year
15
1218
612
6 year or older
18
1218
612
Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K)

Apply phosphorus and potassium according to soil tests.
Consult Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium Requirements
for Highbush Blueberries, Strawberries, Raspberries, Currants,
Gooseberries, page 88, for soil test interpretation. A
single application of phosphorus at soil preparation time
is usually adequate. It is critical to correct phosphorus
deficiencies prior to planting.
Apply all of the required potassium early in the spring
under the outer branches of the bushes, as described for
nitrogen. Potassium can be mixed and applied with the
spring nitrogen. Use sulphate of potash magnesia (0-0-22,
11% magnesium) or potassium sulphate (0-0-50, 17% S).
87
Berry Crop nutrition
Guide to Fruit Production, 20162017
Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium Requirements for Highbush Blueberries,

Strawberries, Raspberries, Currants, Gooseberries
Phosphorus
Potassium
Phosphate required
(kg P2O5 per ha)
Soil test
(ppm P)*
New
plantings
Established
plantings
03
140
100
015
130
45
130
90
1630
120
67
120
80
3145
89
Rating
HR
Soil test
(ppm K)**
Potash required
(kg K 2O per ha)
Rating
110
HR
110
70
4660
1012
100
70
6180
90
1315
90
60
81100
80
1620
70
50
101120
70
60
40
121150
50
30
40
20
2125
2630
MR
3140
Above 40
LR
100
60
MR
151180
above 180
40
LR
HR, MR, LR, denote, respectively: high, medium, and low probabilities of profitable crop response to applied nutrient.
* 0.5 M sodium bicarbonate extract soil test method.
** 1.0 N ammonium acetate soil test method.
Blueberries are sensitive to injury from the chloride

contained in muriate of potash (0-0-60).
with different soil types, crop age, and current fertility

programs separately. See Table 44. Optimum Nutrient
Levels in Highbush Blueberry Leaves, on this page.
Other nutrient requirements

Magnesium (Mg) deficiency may occur on blueberries.
Soil and/or foliar applications of magnesium are required
to correct this deficiency. For soil applications, 80 kg Mg
per ha is required where a confirmed deficiency exists. Use
magnesium sulphate (Epsom salts, 9.5% Mg) or sulphate
of potash magnesia (0-0-22, 11% Mg). Since sulphate of
potash magnesia contains potash, adjust application rates
to meet potash requirements. For foliar sprays, 1.9 kg Mg
per 1,000 L of water (20 kg magnesium sulphate, Epsom
salts) with at least 2,000 L/ha should correct the deficiency.
Annual foliar sprays may be necessary.
Leaf analysis
Leaf analysis can help to assess the nutrient status of
the plants and more accurately determine fertilizer
requirements. To monitor trends, complete a leaf
analysis every year. Sampling the same plant, at the
same time of year will assist in interpreting leaf analysis
reports from year to year. Use leaf analysis together with
soil test results to make adjustments to the fertilizer
program.
In late July, take leaf samples from halfway down
the new shoot growth of the current season. Ensure
adequate representation by collecting at least 100
leaves throughout the sampling area. Sample areas
88
Table 44. Optimum Nutrient Levels

in Highbush Blueberry Leaves
Nutrient
Optimum range
nitrogen (N)
1.7%2.3%
phosphorus (P)
0.15%0.4%
potassium (K)
0.36%0.7%
calcium (Ca)
0.3%0.8%
magnesium (Mg)
0.12%0.3%
manganese (Mn)
150500 ppm
iron (Fe)
30100 ppm
zinc (Zn)
10100 ppm
boron (B)
1550 ppm
See Appendix F: Accredited Soil-Testing Laboratories in Ontario, page 343,

for a list of laboratories that provide leaf analysis.
Currants and Gooseberries

It is essential to apply and incorporate required
materials such as phosphorus, potassium, organic matter
and lime before you plant currants and gooseberries.
Test the soil two years before planting to see if pH
adjustments are necessary. One year before planting,
test soil again to determine pH, and macro and
micronutrients requirements. This will ensure the plants
can maintain productivity and grow successfully in the
same location for many years.
4. Berry Crops
Gooseberries, page 88. Currants and gooseberries are

sensitive to injury from the chloride contained in muriate
of potash (0-0-60). Use potassium sulphate (0-0-50) or
sulphate of potash magnesia (0-0-22) instead.
Apply 45 tonnes/ha or 4.5 kg per m2 of well-composted

manure in late summer or fall before planting. Other
organic materials such as weed-free straw may be used,
but these materials should be well-decomposed by
planting time. For more information on organic matter,
see Soil Management at ontario.ca/crops.
Fertilizer in established plantings
pH requirements
An acceptable soil pH for currants and gooseberries is
between 5.5 and 7.0. A slightly acid soil (pH 6.16.6)
is best. Liming may be required to raise soil pH to 6.1.
If lime is needed, apply at least 612 months before
planting. For more information on lime, consult Soil pH
and Liming, page 12. Micronutrients may become
limiting if soil pH is outside the recommended range.
Fertilizer before planting

Incorporate phosphorus and potassium fertilizer into
the soil in early spring a few days before planting.
Incorporate nitrogen before planting or apply in a band
around the bush several weeks after planting. Apply
fertilizer at least 30 cm away from the base of the bush
to avoid burning roots with the nitrogen. If planting
takes place in the fall, incorporate required phosphorus
before planting but delay application of nitrogen and
potassium until the following spring.
Nitrogen (N)
Incorporate or band 5 g of actual nitrogen per bush in
the planting year.
Phosphorus (P)
Test the soil before planting and incorporate the
required amount of phosphorus according to the soil
test results. See Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium
Requirements for Highbush Blueberries, Strawberries,
Raspberries, Currants, Gooseberries, page 88, for more
information. It is difficult to effectively incorporate
phosphorus after the crop is planted. Excessive levels
of phosphorus can induce deficiencies of other essential
nutrients such as zinc.
Potassium (K)
Apply fertilizer early each spring according to soil tests.

If phosphorus and potassium are not broadcast over the
entire area, reduce rates to the percentage of area that
will receive fertilizer. If the fertilizer is banded, band
30 cm from the base of the plant.
Nitrogen (N)
Apply 10 g nitrogen per bush in the year after planting.
In subsequent years, apply 20 g per bush.
Potassium (K)
Apply according to soil test results. If a soil test is
not available, assume a moderate level and apply
as indicated in Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium
Raspberries, Currants, Gooseberries, page 88.
Raspberries
Raspberries have a fine, fibrous root system and
perform best on a deep, well-drained soil. Raspberry
soils need good water retention ability and a high
organic matter content of approximately 3%. For more
information on organic matter, see Soil Management
at ontario.ca/crops.
One year before planting raspberries, test the field soil
for phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and pH. Adjust
soil pH and organic matter if necessary. Plant a weedsmothering cover crop and incorporate it into the soil to
build up organic matter. Apply well-composted manure
(45 tonnes of cattle manure per ha) and incorporate into
the soil the year before planting.
pH requirements
Raspberries grow best at a soil pH of 5.56.5, although
they can grow well in soils with a higher pH. Liming
of soil may be required to raise soil pH to 6.1. If lime
is needed, apply at least 12 months before planting. For
more information on lime, consult Soil pH and Liming,
page 12. Micronutrients may become limiting when
soil pH falls outside the appropriate range.
Test the soil before planting and apply the required

amount of potassium according to the soil test results.
See Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium Requirements for
Highbush Blueberries, Strawberries, Raspberries, Currants,
89
Currants and gooseberries grow best in cool, welldrained, deep, loamy soils. The soil organic matter
should be at least 2%3% to promote good drainage,
aeration and moisture retention.
Fertilizer for raspberries

Nitrogen (N)
Suggested nitrogen application rates are found in Table
45. Nitrogen Rates for Raspberries, on this page. Avoid
the application of excessive nitrogen. It can reduce
the number of berries per cane and cause excessive
vegetative growth. Sources of nitrogen and nitrogen
equivalents are presented in Table 29. Fertilizer
Materials: Primary Nutrients, page 15.
For summer- and fall-bearing raspberries, apply
nitrogen in early spring (late March to early April). Late
applications may lead to winter injury. For fall-bearing
raspberries, winter injury is not a concern because canes
are removed each spring. However, ripening may be
delayed where nitrogen is applied in excess.
Table 45. Nitrogen Rates for Raspberries
Year
Nitrogen (kg/ha per season)
Planting year
3040
Second year
4060
Third and following years
4575
Use the lower rates on non-irrigated crops and heavier soils.

Apply higher rates to irrigated crops and sandier soils.
Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K)

Use a soil test to determine the need for phosphorus and
potassium before planting. Apply the required amount
of phosphorus and potassium according to the soil test.
Incorporate phosphorus prior to planting to correct
phosphorus deficiencies, as phosphorus does not move
readily through the soil. Do not apply more phosphorus
than is required. Excessive levels of phosphorus can
induce deficiencies of essential nutrients such as zinc.
If the soil test recommends high rates of potash, use
potassium sulphate (0-0-50) or sulphate of potash
magnesia (0-0-22). Raspberries are sensitive to chlorides.
Some root injury has been observed on sandy soils where
muriate of potash (potassium chloride, 0-0-60) has
been used at a high rate. For sources of phosphorus and
potash, refer to Table 29. Fertilizer Materials: Primary
Nutrients, page 15.
Once plants are established, take soil samples from
where plants are rooted, rather than from between the
rows. Sample the soil every 23 years.
Leaf analysis
Collect fully expanded mature raspberry leaves from
fruiting canes in late July. See Table 46. Optimum
90
Nutrient Levels in Raspberry Leaves on this page. These

ranges provide a guide for interpretation of results.
Variation can occur because of cultivars, soil type and
cultural practices.
Table 46. Optimum Nutrient Levels
in Raspberry Leaves1
Nutrient
nitrogen (N)
phosphorus (P)
potassium (K)
Optimum range
2%3.5%
0.2%0.5%
1%2%
calcium (Ca)
0.8%2.5%
magnesium (Mg)
0.25%0.5%
manganese (Mn)
20200 ppm
iron (Fe)
25200 ppm
zinc (Zn)
15100 ppm
copper (Cu)
boron (B)
1
520 ppm
2060 ppm

for a list of laboratories that provide leaf analysis.
Strawberries
Strawberries are shallow-rooted, perennial plants. Heavy
demands are placed on the root system, especially in the
short period when berries develop. Strawberries require
well-drained soils with 2% or higher organic matter
and high fertility. Provide an optimum environment for
strawberry root growth to obtain a profitable, perennial
planting.
One year before planting strawberries, adjust soil pH
and organic matter. Plant a weed-smothering cover
crop and incorporate it into the soil to build up organic
matter. Apply well-composted manure (45 tonnes of
cattle manure per ha) and incorporate into the soil the
year before planting. Test the field soil for phosphorus,
potassium, magnesium and pH.
pH requirements
The optimum soil pH for strawberry production is 6.0
6.5. Strawberries will grow at a wider range of soil pH.
However, some micronutrients become less available
outside this range, particularly when soil pH is above
7.0. A soil pH below 5.6 on clay loam and below 6.1
on sandy loam should be adjusted upwards by applying
lime the year before planting. For more information on
pH, consult Soil pH and Liming, page 12.
4. Berry Crops
Nitrogen (N)
Strawberries require annual applications of nitrogen.
The timing of nitrogen application is as important as
the rate of nitrogen. Improper timing and/or rates of
nitrogen may lead to an increase in winter injury, softer
fruit, and higher incidence of disease.
Potassium (K)
Use soil test results to determine the best rate of
potassium to apply. Incorporate potassium into soil
before planting. Side dressing of potassium is not
generally recommended.
Fertilizer for established plantings

Nitrogen (N)
Nitrogen can be applied with phosphorus and

potassium or as a side dressing 23 weeks after
planting. Apply 50 kg of N per ha. See Table 29.
Fertilizer Materials: Primary Nutrients, page 15, for
nitrogen content of fertilizers. Apply an additional
2535 kg N per ha in mid-August to further invigorate
plants as they initiate fruit buds for the next years crop.
Do not apply nitrogen in the spring, particularly on

vigorous varieties. Spring applications cause extra
vegetative growth and vigour, which results in softer
fruit and dense canopies. This increases the potential for
botrytis grey mould. Although spring-applied nitrogen
may increase berry size, it also delays maturity by
1 or 2 days.
Use whatever form of nitrogen is economical. Brush

pelleted forms, such as ammonium nitrate, off the leaves
to prevent burning. Do not apply when leaves are wet.
The nitrogen in urea (46-0-0) can be lost as ammonia if
it is applied to the soil surface and not incorporated.
This ammonia can cause strawberry leaves to blacken.
Incorporating urea prevents this problem.
Benefits have been reported from low nitrogen

application rates (1020 kg N per ha) in the spring,
after mulch removal, to plants growing in coarsetextured soils. Established fields on sandy soils or fields
suspected of having winter injury might benefit from
light spring applications of nitrogen. Experiment with
spring-applied nitrogen on a small scale.
Adjust nitrogen rates proportionately if manure was

applied. See Table 210. Average Fertilizer Replacement
Values For Manure, page 16. For more information
about food safety and the environmental effect of
manure application, please see Use Manure Responsibly
and Manure and Food Safety, page 16.
The best time to apply nitrogen in established fields

is at renovation. After you mow the foliage, apply
50 kg N per ha using whatever form of nitrogen is most
economical. See Table 47. Nitrogen Rates for Strawberries,
page 92. Brush pelleted forms such as ammonium
nitrate off the leaves to prevent burning. Do not apply
nitrogen when leaves are wet. The nitrogen in urea
(46-0-0) can be lost as ammonia if it is applied to the
soil surface and not incorporated. This ammonia
can cause strawberry leaves to blacken. Incorporation
of urea prevents this problem. Apply an additional
2535 kg N per ha in mid-August to assist the
development of next years fruit buds.
Phosphorus (P)
Use soil test results to determine the rate of phosphorus
to apply. Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium
Raspberries, Currants, Gooseberries, page 88, shows soil
test values and fertilizer requirements for new
strawberry plantings. Incorporate phosphorus into
the soil before you plant. Soils differ in the amount
of phosphorus available to plants. Generally, fields
cultivated for a long time require less phosphorus than
recently developed fields.
Starter solutions
To help the plant establish, particularly if the soil is

cold, use a starter fertilizer solution. Plant uptake of soil
phosphorus can be reduced when soils are cold. Use a
starter solution high in phosphorus such as 10-52-10,
6-24-6 or 10-24-0. Follow the manufacturers suggested
application rate.
Ensure soils are well-irrigated after renovation,

throughout the summer and in early fall. Adequate soil
moisture is needed to optimize nitrogen uptake.
Phosphorus (P)
If a soil test shows phosphorus is needed, apply at
renovation with nitrogen and potassium. Excessive
phosphorus levels may cause zinc deficiency, especially
on sandy soils.
Potassium (K)
Apply potassium, as determined by a soil test, with
nitrogen and phosphorus at renovation. This allows
for incorporation. Use soil tests to determine what rate
91
Fertilizer for new plantings (the planting

year)
to apply and use leaf analysis to adjust rates. Excessive

levels of potassium induce magnesium deficiency,
particularly on sandy soils.
Table 47. Nitrogen Rates for Strawberries
Nitrogen (kg/ha)
Before
planting or
23 weeks
after planting
Renovation
(after
harvest)
Mid-August
Planting
years
50
NA
2530
Established
plantings
NA
50
2530
Plant age
Leaf analysis
Leaf analysis can help assess the nutrient status of
strawberry plants and more accurately determine
fertilizer requirements. Take leaf samples by July 1 for
fruiting or August 20 for non-fruiting plantings. Collect
at least 50 fully expanded, recently matured leaves with
petioles removed. Different varieties, soil types and
plantings should be sampled separately. See Table 48.
Optimum Nutrient Levels in Strawberry Leaves, on this page,
for interpretation of leaf analysis values.
Table 48. Optimum Nutrient
Levels in Strawberry Leaves1
Nutrient
nitrogen (N)
Optimum range
2%3%
phosphorus (P)
0.2%0.5%
potassium (K)
1.5%2.5%
calcium (Ca)
0.5%1.5%
magnesium (Mg)
0.25%0.5%
manganese (Mn)
20200 ppm
iron (Fe)
25200 ppm
zinc (Zn)
15100 ppm
boron (B)
2060 ppm
* Fully expanded, recently matured strawberry leaves with petioles

removed, collected before July 1 in fruiting fields and before August 20 in
non-fruiting fields.
1

for laboratories that provide leaf analysis.
92
Micronutrients for Berry Crops

Deficiencies of micronutrients are not widespread
in Ontario fruit plantings. The desirable range for
micronutrients is quite narrow. More damage is possible
if micronutrients are applied in excess rather than from
deficiencies. For this reason, do not apply micronutrients
to fruit crops unless leaf analysis or visible symptoms
confirm a deficiency. Apply only the deficient nutrient in
sufficient quantities to correct the problem. Leaf analysis
is more effective than soil analysis to evaluate a crops
micronutrient status. See Micronutrients, page 21, for
additional information.
4. Berry Crops
BlueBerry Calendar
Figure 41. Blueberry Growth Stages
93
BlueBerry Calendar
Blueberry Calendar
Read the product label and follow all safety precautions. Consult the product label for suggested water volumes. For
mature highbush blueberries, use 7001,000 L of water per ha unless otherwise noted on the label.
For preharvest interval, re-entry period, and maximum number of applications, see Table 49. Products Used on
Blueberries, page 102.
Resistance Management
To delay development of resistance to fungicides, insecticides and miticides, follow resistance management guidelines outlined
in Resistance Management Strategies, page 299. Use products from different groups to help prevent resistance. The chemical
group is indicated in brackets following the product name. Multi-site (M) fungicides are not prone to resistance and do not have
to be rotated. Some products are not classified to mode of action (NC) and the mode of action has not been determined for
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
Some insecticides are toxic to bees and other pollinating insects. Use of insecticides on flowering crops requires careful
management to avoid negative effects on pollinators. Some insecticides cannot be applied prior to or during bloom. For others,
use extreme caution when applying insecticides to blueberries during bloom do not apply them while bees are active. Before
and after bloom, bees may still be present on flowering cover crops and weeds do not allow drift of insecticides onto these
or other flowering crops. Always follow label precautions regarding avoiding impacts on bees. For more information, see Bee
Poisoning, page 311.
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Lime Sulphur (M)

plus dormant oil
36.7 L Lime Sulphur plus

12.5 L Oil/1,000 L water
Purespray Green Spray

Oil 13 E (NC)
Superior 70 Oil (NC)
20 L/1,000 L water
Apply when plants are dormant. Spray to the point of runoff.

Ensure thorough coverage. Use 1,0001,500 L of water per ha. Do
not use within 10 days of Bravo, Echo, Captan, Maestro or within
48 hours of freezing temperatures.
Purespray Green, Superior 70 Oil: Labelled for Lecanium
scale only.
Dormant (late winter)

Scale insects
Lecanium scale
20 L/1,000 L water
Early spring, prior to bud break

Phytophthora root rot
Ridomil Gold 480 SL (4)
Banded: 37 mL/100 m
of row
Apply to the soil surface in a 1-m band centred over the row. Use
at least 2,000 L of water per ha. Alternatively, use Aliette at Bud
swell to pink bud.
Improve soil water drainage and adjust irrigation schedules to
reduce problems with this disease.
Leaf tiers
Decis 5 EC (3)
150 mL/ha
Damage from this occasional pest occurs very early in the season.
If leaf tier was a problem in the past, spray at the bud cluster
stage as flower buds begin to swell and pink tissue becomes
visible.
Obliquebanded
leafroller (OBLR)
Delegate (5)
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
200 g/ha
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Confirm 240 F (18)

Intrepid (18)
1.0 L/ha
0.5 L/ha
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
285 g/ha
0.51.0 L/ha
Where OBLR has been a problem in the past, spray if

overwintering OBLR larvae are easy to find. Otherwise, use
pheromone traps to monitor for adults and spray for the summer
generation at Green fruit.
Many of these products are also labelled for spanworms
(known as inchworms or loopers) and other caterpillars. See
product label for a complete list of registered uses.
Exirel: Do not tank-mix or make sequential applications with
Group 11 fungicides, copper fungicides, Captan, Maestro, Folpan,
Bravo or Echo. See product label for numerous other tank-mix
restrictions.
Bud swell to green tip
94
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Funginex DC (3)
Indar (3)
Proline 480 SC (3)
Quash (3)
Tilt 250 E (3)
or Jade (3)
or Bumper 418 EC (3)
Quilt (3+11)
1.73 L/ha
140 g/ha
315420 mL/ha
180 g/ha
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
1 L/ha
Allegro 500 F (29)
2.24 L/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
2.03.3 kg/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
425840 g/ha
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.125%0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ha
Cultivate before bud break to bury overwintering inoculum.

Monitor for trumpet-shaped structures erupting from
mummified berries on the ground and spray when these are
present. Spray buds and foliage to prevent primary infection
of blueberry shoots. Make the first application when the flower
buds swell and repeat until first bloom.
Funginex: Do not spray after pink bud stage.
Funginex, Indar, Proline, Quash, Tilt, Jade, Bumper, Quilt:
Use no more than 2 consecutive applications and consider tankmixing with a compatible Group M fungicide.
Allegro: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Serenade OPTI, Actinovate SP, Regalia Maxx: Suppression
only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309 and
Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280. For best
results, use multiple applications or rotate with other products.
Regalia Maxx: Apply 0.125% (1.25 L in 1,000 L water) or up to
0.25% (2.5 L in 1,000 L water) in rotation with other fungicides.
Will also suppress alternaria fruit rot
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
Apply in spring when there is 7 cm of new growth and repeat

in 1421 days. Improve soil water drainage and adjust irrigation
schedules to reduce problems with this disease.
Bravo ZN (M)
or Echo 90 DF (M)
7.2 L/ha
4 kg/ha
Quash (3)
180 g/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
1 kg/ha
Allegro 500 F (29)
2.24 L/ha
Aliette (33)
or Confine Extra (33)
5.6 kg/ha
45 L/ha
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ha
Apply fungicides to prevent twig blights and reduce overwintering

inoculum.
Bravo, Echo: Will also control alternaria fruit rot. Do not apply
within 10 days of oil application.
Quash: Provides control of anthracnose and suppression of
phomopsis. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Pristine: Use 1.6 kg/ha for phomopsis stem canker.
Ratings, page 309.
Aliette: Provides control of anthracnose and suppression of
phomopsis. Apply at 1421-day intervals.
Confine Extra: Suppression of anthracnose. Not registered for
Regalia Maxx: Suppression of anthracnose. Not registered for
phomopsis. Will also suppress alternaria fruit rot. For best results,
use multiple applications or rotate with other products. See
Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Green tip
Anthracnose fruit rot
Phomopsis
Mummy berry
(Monilinia)
Use one of the products listed for mummy berry at Bud swell to green tip.
Pink bud
Phomopsis
Use one of the products listed for anthracnose fruit rot and phomopsis at Green tip.
Mummy berry
(Monilinia)
Use one of the products listed for mummy berry at Bud swell to green tip.
95
BlueBerry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Mummy berry
(Monilinia)
BlueBerry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
DO NOT APPLY INSECTICIDES WHILE BLUEBERRIES ARE IN BLOOM. SEE BEE POISONING, PAGE 311.
First bloom
Phomopsis
Botrytis twig and

blossom blight
Botrytis grey mould
96
Quash (3)
Quilt (3+11)
180 g/ha
1 L/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
1 kg/ha
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
775975 g/ha
Allegro 500 F (29)
2.24 L/ha
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
45 L/ha
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ha
Quash (3)
180 g/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.6 kg/ha
1 kg/ha
Allegro 500 F (29)
2.24 L/ha
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
Supra Captan 80 WDG (M)

or Maestro 80 DF (M)
Ferbam 76 WDG (M)
2.25 kg/ha
2.25 kg/ha
3.75 kg/1,000 L water
Cantus WDG (7)

Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
560 g/ha
250660 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
775975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
1.5-2.0 L/ha
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ha
For anthracnose, most infections occur during bloom to green

fruit, especially when weather is warm and wet.
Quash: Provides control of anthracnose and suppression of
phomopsis. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Ratings, page 309.
Aliette: Provides control of anthracnose and suppression of
Confine Extra: Suppression of anthracnose. Apply at 721-day
intervals.
Regalia Maxx: Suppression of anthracnose. Will also suppress
alternaria fruit rot. For best results, use multiple applications or
rotate with other products. See Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Apply fungicides for botrytis blight when wet weather occurs.

Repeat at 710-day intervals through bloom if wet weather
continues.
Ferbam: Do not use later than mid-bloom.
Sercadis: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Serenade OPTI, Regalia Maxx: Suppression only. See Table
111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309. For best results, use
multiple applications or rotate with other products. See Using
Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Timorex Gold: Do not tank-mix or alternate with captan or
sulphur products. See label for precautions on compatibility.
Regalia Maxx: Will also suppress alternaria fruit rot.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Malathion 85 E (1)
Sevin XLR (1)
1 L/ha
4 L/ha
Assail 70 WP (4)
160 g/ha
Bioprotec CAF(11)
or Dipel 2X DF (11)
1.42.8 L/ha
1.68 kg/ha
Rimon 10 EC (15)
1.352.0 L/ha
Confirm 240 F (18)

Intrepid (18)
1.2 L/ha
0.5 L/ha
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
215285 g/ha
0.51.0 L/ha
Moths lay eggs on developing fruit and larvae tunnel into fruit.
Use pheromone traps to monitor moth activity and to time the
spray accurately. If traps are not used, spray at petal fall and again
in 714 days. Apply in sufficient water to ensure good coverage.
If bloom or bee hives are still present, choose a product with
low bee toxicity, such as Dipel, Bioprotect, Altacor or Intrepid
for the petal fall spray. Refer to label for bee toxicity statements.
Malathion: Apply at peak trap capture. Repeat twice at 45day intervals. A fourth spray is required if trap catches remain
elevated. If cranberry fruitworm is not a problem, use 550 mL/ha
for cherry fruitworm.
Sevin: Apply at peak trap capture. Reapply 7 days later if trap
catches remain elevated. For cranberry fruitworm only.
Assail: Active on eggs and larvae. Apply when trap captures
are increasing or at peak trap capture. Reapply in 1014 days if
trap catches rise again.
Bioprotec, Dipel: Active on young larvae as they emerge from
eggs and feed on treated tissue. Spray at first upswing in trap
captures and continue at 37-day intervals. Acidify spray mix
to below pH 7.0 and apply on cloudy days or at dusk. See Using
Rimon: Active on eggs and young larvae. Spray at first upswing
in trap captures and reapply in 1014 days. Rimon may be toxic
to bee colonies exposed to direct treatment, drift or residues on
flowering crops or weeds. Avoid spraying if bees are visiting the
treatment area.
Confirm, Intrepid: Active on eggs and young larvae. Spray
at first upswing in trap captures and reapply in 1014 days. For
cranberry fruitworm only.
Altacor, Exirel: Apply insecticide at first sustained upswing in
trap catch. Reapply in 710 days.
restrictions.
White-marked tussock
moth
Bioprotec CAF (11)

Foray 48 BA (11)
4 L/ha
4 L/ha
White-marked tussock moth is a sporadic pest. Larvae devour

foliage. Make 2 applications 25 days apart, when larvae are very
small, usually just after bloom. A second generation may require
control in late summer.
European chafer
larvae
Japanese beetle
larvae
Admire 240 Flowable (4)

or Alias 240 SC (4)
1.2 L/ha
1.2 L/ha
Admire, Alias: Toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or

residues on blooming crops and weeds. Refer to label for specific
bee toxicity statements. Do not apply during bloom or when bee
hives are present.
Apply just prior to egg hatch (shortly after adults are active)
to damp soil around bushes and to grass-covered areas around
blueberry field. Apply in 200 L water per ha. Move the product
into the root zone with 510 mm irrigation within 24 hours of
application but avoid overwatering. Maximum of 1 application
per season, at petal fall, green fruit or after harvest.
These products will reduce numbers of white grub larvae but
may not provide control. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings,
page 309.
Cherry fruitworm
Cranberry fruitworm
97
BlueBerry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Petal fall
BlueBerry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Bravo ZN (M)
or Echo 90 DF (M)
7.2 L/ha
4 kg/ha
Quilt (3+11)
1 L/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
1.0 kg/ha
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
775975 g/ha
Allegro 500 F (29)
2.24 L/ha
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
45 L/ha
Most fruit infections occur in the bloom to green fruit stage.

Infected fruit soften near harvest time and orange spore masses
develop on the fruit.
Bravo, Echo: Will also control alternaria fruit rot. May cause
fruit injury if applied to green fruit.
Quilt: Alternate with products from different fungicide groups.
Allegro, Confine Extra, Regalia Maxx: Suppression only. See
Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Regalia Maxx: For best results, use multiple applications or
rotate with other products. See Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ ha
Bravo ZN (M)
or Echo 90 DF (M)
7.2 L/ha
4 kg/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.6 kg/ha
1 kg/ha
Allegro 500 F (29)
2.24 L/ha
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
Pyganic EC 1.4 II (3)

Concept (3+4)
2.324.65 L/ha
560 mL/ha
Assail 70 WP (4)
5686 g/ha
175 mL/ha
Movento 240 SC (23)
220365 mL/ha
Exirel (28)
0.751.5 L/ha
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
Delegate (5)
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
100200 g/ha
Dipel 2X DF (11)
or Bioprotec CAF (11)
5251,125 g/ha
1.42.8 L/ha
Confirm 240 F (18)

Intrepid (18)
1.0 L/ha
0.5 L/ha
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
285 g/ha
0.51.0 L/ha
Exirel (28)
1.01.5 L/ha
Phomopsis
Bravo, Echo: Will also control alternaria fruit rot. May cause fruit
injury if applied to green fruit.
Allegro, Aliette: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Aliette: Apply at 1421-day intervals.
Green fruit
Blueberry aphids
Obliquebanded
leafroller (OBLR)
Plum curculio
98
Aphids are rarely a problem on blueberries at this time. Monitor

suckers and new shoots. Apply when population starts to build,
but before winged aphids are seen.
Pyganic: For best results, use high rate, adjust spray solution to
pH of 5.57.0, and apply promptly after mixing. If possible, apply
in the early morning or evening hours.
Concept, Assail, Admire, Movento: Highly toxic to bees
exposed to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops and
weeds. Apply postbloom after bees have been removed. Refer to
label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Do not apply Concept, Admire or Assail following a soil
application of Admire or Alias for white grubs.
Exirel:. Do not tank-mix or make sequential applications with
restrictions.
Place pheromone traps in blueberries by early June. Apply
insecticides for summer-generation larvae at 240280 DDC
after first sustained moth catch (base 6.1C). See Appendix B:
Degree-Day Modeling, page 335.
Success, Entrust, Delegate: Reapply as necessary on a 710day schedule. Toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment, drift or
residues on blooming plants.
Dipel, Bioprotec: Works best on small larvae. Make at least 2
applications at 57-day intervals. For best results, acidify spray
mix to below pH 7.0 and apply at dusk or on overcast days. See
Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Confirm, Intrepid: Active on eggs and young larvae.
Altacor, Exirel: Apply when eggs are hatching and young
larvae are present. Do not tank-mix or make sequential
applications of Exirel with Group 11 fungicides, copper
fungicides, Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Bravo or Echo. See product
label for numerous other tank-mix restrictions.
Many of these products are also labelled for spanworms
(known as inchworms or loopers) and other caterpillars. See
product label for a complete list of registered uses.
Scout field edges for crescent-shaped scars on green blueberry
fruit. Apply at the first sign of injury. Do not tank-mix or make
sequential applications of Exirel with Group 11 fungicides,
copper fungicides, Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Bravo or Echo. See
product label for numerous other tank-mix restrictions.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Imidan 70-WP Instapak (1)
1.6 kg/1,000 L water
350 mL/ha
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
285 g/ha
1.5 L/ha
Apply at the first sign of adult activity. Check preharvest intervals.

Imidan: Apply in 1,000 L water per ha
Admire: Apply postbloom after bees have been removed. Do
not make a foliar application following a soil application of a
Group 4 insecticide.
Altacor: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
restrictions.
European chafer
larvae
Japanese beetle
larvae
Spray once, as a high-volume spray on the soil at petal fall, green fruit or after harvest, using one of the products listed for
European chafer larvae and Japanese beetle larvae at Petal fall.
Fruit ripening
Spotted wing
drosophila
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
Delegate (5)
165220 mL/ha
334440 mL/ha
315420 g/ha
Exirel (28)
1.01.5 L/ha
White-marked tussock
moth
Bioprotec CAF (11)

or Foray 48 BA (11)
4 L/ha
4 L/ha
White-marked tussock moth is a sporadic pest. Larvae devour

foliage. Make 2 applications 25 days apart, when larvae are very
small, usually just after bloom. A second generation may require
control in late summer.
Botrytis grey mould

2.25 kg/ha
2.25 kg/ha
Cantus WDG (7)

Sercadis (7)
560 g/ha
250666 mL/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
775975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
Spray at 710-day intervals if botrytis grey mould was not wellcontrolled during bloom.
Ratings, page 309.
Serenade OPTI, Regalia Maxx: Suppression only. See Table
111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309. For best results, use
multiple applications or rotate with other products. See Using
Timorex Gold (46)
1.52.0 L/ha
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ha
Quash (3)
180 g/ha
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
775975 g/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
1 kg/ha
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in
400800 L water/ha
Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is a new invasive fruit fly that

inserts eggs into blueberry fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
develop in the fruit and may be present at harvest, contributing
to premature breakdown. Weekly insecticides are recommended
when fruit is ripening or ripe, and flies are present. Frequent
picking, burial of grade-out fruit, and general sanitation are very
important to prevent problems with SWD.
Emergency use registration of other products is expected.
Alternate with products from different groups.
Check ontario.ca/spottedwing for updates on pest
development, registered products and management strategies
for control.
Imidan: Apply in 1,000 L water per ha. Note 14 days to harvest
interval.
restrictions.
Most infections take place during bloom. Fungicides at this time

are not necessary if good control was achieved earlier.
Regalia Maxx: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
Efficacy Ratings, page 309. For best results, use multiple
applications at 710 day intervals or rotate with other products.
See Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
99
BlueBerry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Japanese beetle
adults
BlueBerry calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Blueberry maggot
Sevin XLR (1)

Cygon 480-AG (1)
or Lagon 480 E (1)
Malathion 85 E (1)
4 L/ha
1.6 kg/ha
830 mL/ha
830 mL/ha
550 mL/ha

Assail 70 WP (4)
230350 mL/ha
136160 g/ha
GF-120 Fruit Fly Bait (5)
1.5 L/ha
Movento 240 SC (23)
365435 mL/ha
Exirel (28)
1.01.5 L/ha
Blueberry maggot is regulated in southern Ontario by the

Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA). To prevent spread of
blueberry maggot, fresh blueberries moving out of the regulated
area require a movement certificate issued by the CFIA. See
D-02-04: The Blueberry Certification Program and domestic
phytosanitary requirements on the CFIA website for details and
the boundaries of the regulated area.
Monitor for blueberry maggot flies using yellow sticky traps.
Apply when first flies are trapped or when berries begin to
turn blue, about July 515, depending on the area and season.
Reapply 512 days later, depending on the product. Protection
is needed as long as adults are active. Residual activity is 1012
days for Imidan and Cygon and 57 days for Sevin and Malathion.
Cygon, Lagon: Do not use on crops destined for U.S. markets.
Admire, Assail, Movento: Highly toxic to bees exposed to
direct treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds.
Refer to the label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Do not make a foliar application following a soil application of
Admire or Assail.
GF-120 Fruit Fly Bait: Begin applications when first flies are
trapped or 23 weeks before fruit begins to ripen. Reapply at
least every 7 days. GF-120 will lose effectiveness if exposed to
rain or overhead irrigation. See Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Exirel: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309. Do not tank-mix or make sequential
applications with Group 11 fungicides, copper fungicides,
Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Bravo or Echo. See product label for
numerous other tank-mix restrictions. .
Postharvest
Leafhoppers
European chafer
larvae
Japanese beetle
larvae
100
2.324.65 L/ha
175 mL/ha
The sharp-nosed leafhopper is a vector of the blueberry stunt

phytoplasma, a virus-like organism that causes blueberry stunt
disease. Postharvest leafhopper control is important if blueberry
stunt is a problem.
in the early morning or evening hours. Apply when pests are first
observed. Do not wait until plants are heavily infested. Reapply
if needed.
Admire: Do not make a foliar application following a soil
application of a Group 4 insecticide. Highly toxic to bees exposed
to direct treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds.
Refer to label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Spray once, as a high-volume spray on the soil at petal fall, green fruit or after harvest, using one of the products listed for
European chafer larvae and Japanese beetle larvae at Petal fall.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Lecanium scale
Movento 240 SC (23)
365585 mL/ha
If lecanium scale is a problem, apply one of the sprays listed

at Dormant (late winter) and follow up with Movento when
crawlers are present, as indicated on black sticky tape.
Movento: Use postbloom only.
Tipworm
Movento 240 SC (23)
365435 mL/ha
Use postbloom only.

Blueberry gall midge feed in buds and cause new leaves in shoot
tips to be distorted, dried up or blackened.
restrictions.
Gall midge
Movento 240 SC (23)
365435 mL/ha
Exirel (28)
750 mL1 L/ha
Malathion 85 E (1)
1 L/ha
Actara 25 WG (4)
280 g/ha
Blueberry bud mite
Envidor 240 SC (23)
1.3 L/ha
This pest has not been detected in Ontario, but is present

in Michigan.
Septoria leaf spot
Proline 480 SC (3)
315 mL/ha
Sercadis (7)
250666 mL/ha
Proline: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy

Ratings, page 309.
Proline 480 SC (3)
400 mL/ha
Brown marmorated
stink bug
Leaf rust
Valdensinia leaf spot
At time of printing this publication, this pest has not been

detected in blueberries, but breeding populations are present
in Ontario. Check the OMAFRA website at ontario.ca/stinkbug
for updates on pest development, registered products and
management strategies for control.
Malathion, Actara: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
Efficacy Ratings, page 309. Do not apply during bloom or when
bees are active.
Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page

309.
Blueberry maggot is a regulated pest. New infestations must be reported to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA).
Blueberry maggot can spread to new areas in soil, harvest containers, or when infested fruit is purchased from another region
and disposed of on your farm.
Use best management practices to prevent spread of blueberry maggot to new areas.
See ontario.ca/crops and document D-02-04 on the CFIA website (www.inspection.gc.ca).
101
BlueBerry calendar
Disease or Insect
Special sprays (These pests are not common in Ontario. Spray if and when monitoring indicates the need.)
BlueBerry Notes
Table 49. Products Used on Blueberries

Use this table as a guide but refer to product label for specific information.
The preharvest interval is the number of days between the last spray and first harvest.
The re-entry period is the minimum interval that must be observed between application of the pesticide and work in the treated crop without
protective equipment. If no re-entry period is stated on the label, assume it is 12 hours.
The maximum number of applications is the labelled maximum number for the growing season and may be higher than what is recommended
for resistance management or for the preservation of beneficial insects and mites.
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Preharvest interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum number
applications per
season (on label)
Products used for insect and mite control or suppression

Actara 25 WG
28408
thiamethoxam
3 days
12 hours
Admire 240 Flowable
24094
imidacloprid
3 days1/14 days2
24 hours
12/21
Alias 240 SC
28475
imidacloprid
14 days
24 hours
Altacor
28981
chlorantraniliprole
28
1 day
12 hours
3 (max. 645 g/ha)
hours3/
Assail 70 WP
27128
acetamiprid
7 days
12
48 hours4
Bioprotec CAF
26854
Bacillus thuringiensis
11
0 days
12 hours
Concept
29611
imidacloprid +
deltamethrin
3+4
14 days
12 hours
Confirm 240 F
24503
tebufenozide
18
14 days
12 hours
4 (max 4.6 L/ha)
Cygon 480-AG
25651
dimethoate
1B
15 days
12 hours
Decis 5 EC
22478
deltamethrin
14 days
12 hours
Delegate
28778
spinetoram
3 days
12 hours
Dipel 2X DF
26508
11
0 days
12 hours
Entrust
30382
spinosad
3 days
when dry
Envidor 240 SC
28051
spirodiclofen
23
7 days
12 hours
Exirel
30895
cyantraniliprole
28
3 days
12 hours
4 (max. 4.5 L/ha )
Foray 48 BA
24978
11
12 hours
GF-120 Fruit Fly Bait
28336
spinosad
12 hours
Imidan 70-WP Instapak
29064
phosmet
1B
15 days
3 days3*/15 days5
Intrepid
27786
methoxyfenozide
18
7 days
12 hours
4 (max. 2 L/ha )
Lagon 480 E
9382
dimethoate
1B
15 days
12 hours
Malathion 85 E
8372
malathion
1B
1 day
48 hours
Movento 240 SC
28953
spirotetramat
23
7 days
12 hours
max. 1.8 L/ha
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
dormant application
12 hours
Pyganic EC 1.4 II
30164
pyrethrins
12 hours
Rimon 10 EC
28881
novaluron
15
8 days
12 hours
Sevin XLR
27876
carbaryl
1A
2 days
12 hours
Success
26835
spinosad
3 days
when dry
Superior 70 Oil
9542,
14981
mineral oil
NC
dormant application
12 hours
M = Multi-site fungicides. NC = Not classified by FRAC/IRAC, or group not indicated on product label. = Information is not specified on the product label.
Foliar application.
Soil application.
3 General re-entry.
4 Hand pruning.
5 Pick your own harvest.
6 Hand harvest.
* Personal protective equipment required for certain activities. See label.
1
2
102
4. Berry Crops
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Preharvest interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum number
applications per
season (on label)
Products used for disease control or suppression

Actinovate
28672
Streptomyces lydicus
NC
1 hour
Aliette
27688
fosetyl al
33
1 day
24 hours
Allegro 500 F
27517
fluazinam
29
30 days
24 hours
Bravo ZN
28900
chlorothalonil
54 days
48 hours
Bumper 418 EC
28017
propiconazole
60 days
12 hours3/5 days4
Cabrio EG
27323
pyraclostrobin
11
1 day
12 hours3/
24 hours6
Cantus WDG
30141
boscalid
0 days
12 hours
Supra Captan 80 WDG
24613
captan
2 days
72 hours
Confine Extra
30648
phosphorous acid,
mono- and dipotassium
salts of
33
1 day
12 hours
Echo 90 DF
29356
chlorothalonil
54 days
48 hours
Elevate 50 WDG
25900
fenhexamid
17
1 day
4 hours
Ferbam 76 WDG
20136
ferbam
40 days
12 hours
Funginex DC
27686
triforine
60 days
48 hours
Indar
27294
fenbuconazole
30 days
12 hours
hours3/5
4
days4
Jade
24030
propiconazole
60 days
12
Lime Sulphur
16465
calcium polysulphide
dormant application
48 hours
Maestro 80 DF
26408
captan
2 days
72 hours
Pristine WG
27985
boscalid + pyraclostrobin
7+11
0 days
24 hours3/
5 days6
Proline 480 SC
28359
prothioconazole
7 days
24 hours
hours3/
Quash
30402
metconazole
7 days
12
72 hours4
Quilt
28328
propiconazole +
azoxystrobin
3+11
30 days
12 hours
Regalia Maxx
30199
extract of Reynoutria
sachalinensis
P5
0 days
when dry
Ridomil Gold 480 SL
28474
metalaxyl-M and S
80 days
12 hours
Scala SC
28011
pyrimethanil
0 days
12 hours
Sercadis
31697
fluxapyroxad
0 days
12 hours
Serenade OPTI
31666
Bacillus subtilis
44
0 days
when dry
Switch 62.5 WG
28189
cyprodinil + fludioxonil
9+12
1 day
12 hours
Tilt 250 E
19346
propiconazole
60 days
12 hours3/5 days4,6
Timorex Gold
30910
tea tree oil
46
2 days
4 hours
Foliar application.
Soil application.
3 General re-entry.
4 Hand pruning.
5 Pick your own harvest.
6 Hand harvest.
* Personal protective equipment required for certain activities. See label.
1
2
103
BlueBerry noteS
Table 49. Products Used on Blueberries (contd)
BlueBerry Notes
Notes on Blueberry Diseases and Insects

For information on the activity of fungicides to blueberry diseases, see Table 4-10. Activity of Fungicides on Blueberry
Diseases, on this page. For information on the activity of insecticides on blueberry insects, see Table 4-11. Activity of
Insecticides on Blueberry Pests and Bees, page 105.
Table 410. Activity of Fungicides on Blueberry Diseases
Use fungicides only for the disease listed on the product label for the crop. The information provided in this table is intended to assist the grower
in choosing the best fungicide for control of pests listed on the product label, while managing resistance and avoiding unnecessary sprays for nontarget pests. Efficacy can be affected by rate of the product.
Fungicide
group
Product
Mummy berry
(shoot blight)
Phomopsis
stem canker
Anthracnose
fruit rot
Botrytis
fruit rot
Alternaria
fruit rot
Phytophthora
root rot
1*
Bravo ZN
2*
2*
Echo 90 DF
2*
2*
1*
Ferbam 76 WDG
1*
Lime Sulphur
Maestro 80 DF
1*
1 to 2 *
Supra Captan 80 WDG
1*
1 to 2 *
Bumper 418 EC
3*
Funginex DC
3*
Indar
3*
Jade
3*
Proline 480 SC
3*
Quash
3*
2*
2*
Tilt 250 E
3*
3+11
Quilt
3*
3*
Ridomil Gold 480 SL
3*
Cantus WDG
3*
Sercadis
1*
7+11
Pristine WG
1 to 2
3*
3*
3*
Scala SC
3*
9+12
Switch 62.5 WG
3*
3*
11
Cabrio EG
3*
3*
17
Elevate 50 WDG
3*
29
Allegro 500 F
1*
1*
12 *
33
Aliette
2*
2*
2*
33
Confine Extra
1*
44
Serenade OPTI
2*
1*
46
Timorex Gold
2*
NC
Actinovate SP
0 to 1 *
P5
Regalia Maxx
1*
1*
1*
1*
0 = No control. 1 = Poor to fair control. 2 = Good control, some limitations. 3 = Excellent control, few if any limitations.
* (shaded area) = Disease is listed on the product label for control or suppression.
= No information is available.
Adopted from several sources including Michigan State Fruit Management Guide 2011.
104
4. Berry Crops
Cranberry
fruitworm
Cherry fruitworm
Japanese
beetle (adult)
Leafroller
Plum curculio
Scale insects
Spotted wing
drosophila (adult)
White grubs
(larva)
Bee toxicity
Sevin XLR
2*
2*
1*
1*
HT
Cygon 480-AG
3*
HT
1B
Imidan 70-WP
Instapak
3*
3*+
HT
1B
Lagon 480 E
3*
HT
1B
Malathion 85 E
1*
2*
2*
1*
HT
Decis 5 EC
HT
Pyganic EC 1.4 II
1*
HT
Insecticide
Aphid
1A
1B
Group
Blueberry maggot
Use products only for pests listed on the product label for the crop. The information provided in this table is based on information from other areas.
It is intended to assist the grower in choosing the best insecticide for control of pests listed on the product label, while managing resistance and
avoiding unnecessary sprays for non-target pests. Efficacy can be affected by rate of the product.
3+4
Concept
3*
HT
Actara 25 WG
HT
Admire 240
Flowable
3*
2*
2*
2*
HT
Alias 240 SC
3*
2*
2*
2*
HT
Assail 70 WP
3*
3*
2*
MT
Delegate
3*
3*
HT
Entrust
3*
23 *
HT
GF-120 Fruit Fly Bait
2*
HT
Success
3*
3*
HT
11
Bioprotec CAF
2*
11
Dipel 2X DF
2*
11
Foray 48 BA
2*
15
Rimon 10 EC
3*
MT1
18
Confirm
3*
3*
18
Intrepid
3*
3*
23
Movento 240 SC
3*
3*
3*
HT1
28
Altacor
3*
3*
28
Exirel
3*
1*
3*
3*
3*
3*
2*
HT
NC
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
3*
NC
Superior 70 Oil
3*
0 = No control. 1 = Poor to fair control. 2 = Good control. 3 = Excellent control.

* (shaded area) = Pest is listed on the product label for control or suppression. = No information is available.
Bee toxicity: HT = Highly toxic. MT = Moderately toxic. S = Relatively safe or non-toxic.
Rimon and Movento may be toxic to bee colonies exposed to direct treatment, drift or residues on flowering crops or weeds. Avoid spraying if bees are visiting the
treatment area.
+ Product efficacy may be reduced due to long preharvest intervals
1
Adopted from several sources including Michigan State Fruit Management Guide 2011.
105
BlueBerry Notes
Table 411. Activity of Insecticides on Blueberry Pests and Bees
Currant and Gooseberry Calendar

Read the product label and follow all safety precautions.
Unless specified on the product label, use enough water to ensure thorough spray coverage. Where the product rate is
listed in amount per 1,000 L, and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to
the near-drip point.
Currants, page 109.
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
use extreme caution when applying insecticides to currants and gooseberries during bloomdo not apply them while bees are
active. Before and after bloom, bees may still be present on flowering cover crops and weedsdo not allow drift of insecticides
onto these or other flowering crops. Always follow label precautions regarding avoiding impacts on bees. For more information,
see Bee Poisoning, page 311.
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Just before blossoms open

DO NOT APPLY INSECTICIDES WHILE CURRANTS OR GOOSEBERRIES ARE IN BLOOM.
SEE BEE POISONING, PAGE 311.
Sawfly
(imported currant
fruitworm)
Diazinon 50 WSP (1)

or Diazinon 500 E (1)
1 kg/1,000 L water
1 L/1,000 L water
Larvae quickly devour foliage at the green fruit stage.

Gooseberries are the preferred host. Black currants are not
attacked. This is not the best timing for sawfly control but
Diazinon is not registered after the first bloom opens.
Diazinon: Registration expires December 31, 2016. Can be
used in 2016, but not 2017, on currant and gooseberry provided
changes to the label are followed.
Aphids
Malathion 25 W (1)
2.02.5 kg/1,000 L water
Assail 70 WP (4)
5686 g/ha
Purespray Green Spray Oil

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Currant blister aphid feeds on new growth, causing leaf curl and
red blisters. Spray if aphids are abundant. Ensure good coverage
of undersides of curled leaves.
Do not apply during bloom of crops or weeds in treatment
area.
Purespray Green: Feeding deterrent only. Use 1% solution.
Use enough water to ensure thorough crop coverage. Summer
oils can cause crop injury. Tolerance has not been determined for
all varieties. Test a small area first. Do not apply within 14 days
of sulphur products. Do not apply within 48 hours of freezing
temperatures, when temperatures are high (above 25C), to crops
under moisture stress, or just prior to rain. See Using Organic and
Biopesticide Products, page 280, and Mineral Oil, page 289.
106
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Leaf spot
Copper 53 W (M)
plus hydrated lime
Ferbam 76 WDG (M)
5 kg/1,000 L water
plus 4 kg lime/1,000 L
6.75 kg/ha
Proline 480 SC (3)
315 mL/ha
Sercadis (7)
250666 mL/ha
Two different fungi can cause leaf spot on currants: Anthracnose

(Drepanopeziza ribis) and Septoria Leaf Spot (Septoria ribis =
Mycosphaerella ribis).
Leaf spots develop on susceptible varieties, reducing yield and
vigour. Rake or cultivate to bury old infected leaves before bud
break.
If the disease was a problem the previous season, apply sprays
at 7-day intervals in spring. Start when the first new leaf is fully
open, and repeat as long as wet weather continues. Postharvest
sprays applied in the fall may also help to reduce overwintering
inoculum.
Ferbam: For currants only, do not use on gooseberries.
Proline: For Septoria leaf spot only, suppression only. See Table
111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Sercadis: For Septoria leaf spot only.
Microscopic Sulphur WP
(M)
5 kg/ha
Mettle 125 ME (3)

Nova (3)
219365 mL/ha
340 g/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.6 kg/ha

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Cantus WDG (7)

Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7 +11)
560 g/ha
250666 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
775975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
Cueva (M)
5 L in 500 L water/ha
Nova (3)
340 g/ha
Powdery mildew
Botrytis grey
mould
White pine blister

rust
Resistant varieties are available. See Table 413. Disease Ratings

on Selected Currant and Gooseberry Varieties, page 110. Prune
out infected twig tips in fall and avoid excessive nitrogen. If
warm and humid conditions persist, spray weekly until fruit
begins to colour. Apply before symptoms develop.
Mettle: For gooseberries only. Do not use on currants.
Pristine: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Purespray Green: Suppression only. Use a 1% solution.
Use enough spray volume to ensure thorough crop coverage.
Summer oils can cause crop injury. Tolerance has not been
determined for all varieties. Test a small area first. Do not apply
within 14 days of sulphur products. Do not apply within 48 hours
of freezing temperatures, when temperatures are high (above
25C), to crops under moisture stress, or just prior to rain. See See
Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280, and Mineral
Oil, page 289.
Botrytis infection during bloom causes early fruit drop, or
runoff in currants. Apply fungicides at first bloom and make
subsequent applications at 7-10-day intervals during bloom.
Scala: For gooseberries only, do not use on currants.
Sercadis, Serenade OPTI: Suppression only. See Table 111.
Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Apply at the first sign of disease development and repeat in 7-14

days.
Cueva: Use a 1% solution v/v, in 470- 940 L water /ha.
Nova: Apply with a minimum of 250 L water/ha.
Bloom
Botrytis grey
mould
Apply one of the products listed for botrytis grey mould at Just before blossoms open.
White pine blister

rust
Apply one of the products listed for white pine blister rust at Just before blossoms open.
Green fruit
Currant fruit fly
Malathion 25 W (1)
2.02.5 kg/1,000 L water
Controls adult flies, which lay eggs on green fruit. Larvae infest
fruit, causing it to ripen prematurely. Spray after bloom where
this pest has been a problem in the past or use yellow sticky
traps to monitor when adults are active. Make 2 applications,
10 days apart. Malathion is most effective when temperature is
above 20C.
Leaf spot
Copper 53 W (M)
plus hydrated lime
5 kg/1,000 L water
plus 4 kg lime/1,000 L
(Anthracnose and
Septoria leaf spot)
Proline 480 SC (3)
315 mL/ha
Sercadis (7)
250666 mL/ha
Apply at weekly intervals in the spring if weather is wet, but not

within 14 days of harvest.
Proline: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Proline, Sercadis: For Septoria leaf spot only.
107
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Powdery mildew
Microscopic Sulphur WP (M)
5 kg/ha
Mettle 125 ME (3)

Nova (3)
219365 mL/ha
340 g/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.6 kg/ha

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Resistant varieties are available. See Table 413. Disease Ratings

on Selected Currant and Gooseberry Varieties, page 110. Prune
out infected twig tips in fall and avoid excessive nitrogen. If
warm and humid conditions persist, spray weekly until fruit
begins to colour. Apply before symptoms develop.
Mettle: For gooseberries only, do not use on currants.
Pristine: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
25C), to crops under moisture stress, or just prior to rain. See
Oil, page 289.
Malathion 25 W (1)
2.02.5 kg/1,000 L water

Assail 70 WP (4)
175 mL/ha
5686 g/ha
Movento 240 SC (23)
220365 mL/ha

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Malathion 25 W (1)
2.02.5 kg/1,000 L water
175 mL/ha
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Dipel 2X DF (11)
or Bioptoec CAF (11)
5251,125 g/ha
1.42.8 L/ha
Intrepid (18)
0.5 L/ha
Exirel (28)
0.51.0 L/ha
Aphids
Leafhoppers
Obliquebanded
leafroller
Monitor for leaf curling on new growth. Spray red and white
currants immediately after fruit is picked.
Admire: Also labelled as a soil application for white grubs. See
label for this additional use. Do not use both soil applications
and foliar sprays in the same year. Highly toxic to bees exposed
to direct treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds.
Refer to label for bee toxicity statements.
Movento: Postbloom use only.
Purespray Green: Feeding deterrent only. Use a 1% solution.
Oil, page 289.
Monitor for leaf curling on new growth. Spray red and white
currants immediately after fruit is picked.
Admire: Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or to
residues on blooming crops and weeds. Refer to label for specific
bee toxicity statements.
This pest is rarely a problem on currants and gooseberries.
Success, Entrust, Intrepid, Exirel: Also control spanworms or
other leafrollers. See label for complete list of pests.
Dipel, Bioprotec: Works best on very small larvae. Acidify
spray mix to below pH 7.0 and apply on cloudy days or at dusk.
See Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
restrictions.
Postharvest
Aphids
Use one of the products listed for aphids at Green fruit.
Leafhoppers
Use one of the products listed for leafhoppers at Green fruit.
Japanese beetle
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
Leaf spot
Powdery mildew
If leaf spot or powdery mildew continues to be a problem, spray after harvest with a product listed for these diseases at Green
fruit to avoid premature defoliation.
108
285 g/ha
1.01.5 L/ha
Japanese beetle is not usually a problem on currants. Apply

pre- or postharvest if necessary.
Ratings, page 309.
restrictions.
4. Berry Crops
The re-entry period is the minimum interval that must be observed between the application of the pesticide and work in the treated crop without
for resistance management or for the preservation of beneficial insects.
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Preharvest
interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum number
applications per
season (on label)
21

Admire 240 Flowable
24094
imidacloprid
3 days
24 hours
Altacor
28981
chlorantraniliprole
28
1 day
12 hours
3 (max. 645 g/ha)
Assail 70 WP
27128
acetamiprid
7 days
12
Bioprotec CAF
26854
11
0 days
12 hours
Diazinon 50
WSP4
hours2/48
hours3
29976
diazinon
1A
prebloom
6 days
Diazinon 500 E4
11889
diazinon
1A
prebloom
6 days
Dipel 2X DF
26508
11
0 days
12 hours
Entrust
30382
spinosad
3 days
when dry
Exirel
30895
cyantraniliprole
28
3 days
12 hours
4 (max 4.5 L/ha)
Intrepid
27786
methoxyfenozide
18
7 days
12 hours
Malathion 25 W
14656
malathion
1B
3 days
12 hours
Movento 240 SC
28953
spirotetramat
23
7 days
12 hours
max 1.8 L/ha

Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
Success
26835
spinosad
3 days
when dry

Cantus WDG
30141
boscalid
0 days
12 hours
Cueva
31888
copper octanoate
1 day
4 hours
Copper 53 W
9934
tribasic copper sulphate
2 days
48 hours
Elevate 50 WDG
25900
fenhexamid
17
1 day
4 hours
Ferbam 75
WDG5
20136
ferbam
14 days
12 hours
Mettle 125 ME6
30673
tetraconazole
14 days
12 hours
14653
sulphur
1 day
24 hours
Nova
22399
myclobutanil
6 days7/1 day8
12 hours
dry2/29
3
days7
Pristine WG
27985
boscalid +
pyraclostrobin
7+11
0 days
when
Proline 480 SC
28359
prothioconazole
7 days
24 hours

Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
Scala SC6
28011
pyrimethanil
7 days
12 hours
Sercadis
31697
fluxapyroxad
0 days
12 hours
Serenade OPTI
31666
Bacillus subtilis
44
0 days
when dry
Switch 62.5 WG
28189
9+12
1 day
12 hours
= Information is not specified on the product label. M = Multi-site fungicides.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Foliar application.
General re-entry.
Hand pruning.
Registration expires December 31, 2016. Can be used in 2016, but not 2017, on currant and gooseberry provided changes to the label are followed.
Registered for currants only, not gooseberries.
Registered for gooseberries only, not currants.
Hand harvest.
Mechanical harvest
109
Currant and Gooseberry notes
Table 412. Products Used on Currants and Gooseberries
Currant and Gooseberry notes
Notes on Currant and Gooseberry Diseases

For information on the susceptibility of currant and gooseberry varieties to diseases, see Table 413. Disease Ratings on
Selected Currant and Gooseberry Varieties, on this page.
Table 413. Disease Ratings on Selected Currant and Gooseberry Varieties
Type
Black currant
Red currant
Gooseberry
Variety
Mildew resistance
Rust resistance
Ben Alder
resistant
very susceptible
Ben Connan
resistant
moderately resistant
Ben Sarek
resistant
Titania
immune
immune
Red Lake
susceptible
susceptible
Rovada
resistant
Jonkheer van Tets
resistant
Captivator
Invicta
Hinnonmaki Red
resistant
Resistant = Does not show symptoms of rust (only Titania has genetic resistance). Moderately resistant = Shows symptoms at low frequency, yield not affected.
Susceptible = Noticeable levels of rust infection, not affecting yield. Very susceptible = Severe infection, affecting yield. = Information is not available.
Source:
Adam Dale, HortTechnology 10(3) 2000, pg. 553.
Hummer and Barney, HortTechnology 12(3) 2002, pp. 382383, or Currants, Gooseberries, Jostaberries, Guide for Growers. Food Products Press 2005.
Dick McGinnis, McGinnis Berry Crops, B.C., personal communication.
110
4. Berry Crops

listed in amount per 1,000 L and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to
Raspberries and Blackberries, page 121.
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
use extreme caution when applying insecticides to raspberries or blackberries during bloomdo not apply them while bees are
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
MustGrow (NC)
1,1212,240 kg/ha
MustGrow is a pelleted formulation of oriental mustard seed

meal. Apply with a calibrated spreader, in early spring, when
soil temperatures are above 10C, but at least 2 weeks before
planting. Incorporate into the upper soil layer to a depth of
1015 cm, followed by irrigation to ensure the top 1015 cm of
soil is well-moistened.
309.
Lime Sulphur (M)
26 L/1,000 L water
This spray reduces overwintering inoculum and is the first step in

a good disease control program. Spray enough water to drip off
the plants. Do not use later than -inch green. Use on raspberry
only.
37 mL/100 m of row
Aliette (33)
or Phostrol (33)
5.50 kg/ha
5.2 L/ha
Ridomil, Phostrol: For raspberries only. Do not use on

blackberries.
Ridomil: Use in non-bearing plantings only. Do not apply
before harvest in the year of harvest. Apply as a soil drench after
planting in a 1 m band centred over the row. Use at least 2,500 L
of water per ha. Reapply mid to late October (before the ground
is frozen). In established plantings apply in the fall only. See
Postharvest, page 116.
Aliette, Phostrol: Use as a preventive treatment. Do not
tank-mix with copper, foliar fertilizers or surfactants. Apply after
bud break at 7 cm of new growth. Reapply 34 weeks later, if
needed. Do not apply within 60 days of harvest. Maximum of
4 applications per season: 2 in the spring and 2 in the fall. See
Postharvest, page 116.
Phostrol: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Before planting
Root lesion nematode
Delayed dormant to green tip

Spur blight
Cane blight
Rust
Early bud break
111
Summer-fruiting raSpberry and blackberry calendar
Summer-fruiting Raspberry and Blackberry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Raspberry crown
borer
Diazinon 50 WSP (1)

or Diazinon 500 E (1)
1 kg/1,000 L water
1 L/1,000 L water
If more than 5% of the crowns are infested, spray lower portions

of canes and the crown area. Apply in 4,0005,000 L of water per
ha as a drench to crowns and base of plants. Apply in spring to
control young larvae before they tunnel into crowns and when
new growth is about 10 cm above ground. Do not apply after
first bloom. Treat infested plantings at least 2 years in a row. See
Postharvest, page 116, for more control options for this pest.
used in 2016, but not 2017, on blackberry and raspberry provided
Protect new growth. Apply when new canes are 2530 cm tall
and just before first bloom.
Prebloom (until blossoms open)

Anthracnose
Spur blight
Ferbam 76 WDG (M)
Tanos 50 DF (11+27)
840 g/ha
Raspberry sawfly
Diazinon 50 WSP (1)
1 kg/1,000 L water
These green bristly larvae feed between the veins on new

growth causing long holes and shredding. Apply when damage
appears, but before first bloom. Diazinon also controls aphids and
raspberry fruitworm.
Raspberry fruitworm
Malathion 25 W (1)
Diazinon 50 WSP (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
1 kg/1,000 L water
These small brown beetles feed on new growth and blossom

clusters. Larvae infest the fruit cup. Spray to control adults when
damage appears but before first bloom. Repeat in 710 days
where there is a history of injury.
Malathion 25 W: For raspberries only. Do not use on
blackberries.
Obliquebanded
leafroller
Capture 240 EC (3)
467 mL/ha
Delegate (5)
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
200 g/ha
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Foray 48 BA (11)
or Dipel 2X DF (11)
1.42.8 L/ha
1.42.8 L/ha
5251,125 g/ha
Intrepid (18)
0.50.75 L/ha
Leafrollers are not usually a problem in Ontario. Substantial

damage can occur without crop loss.
Capture, Forey: For raspberries only. Do not use on
blackberries.
Capture, Intrepid: Sequential applications must be at least 30
days apart.
Delegate, Success, Entrust: Apply to eggs and small larvae.
Foray, Bioprotect, Dipel: Work best on small larvae. Repeat
at 37-day intervals. Acidify spray mix to below pH 7.0 and apply
on cloudy days or evening. See Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Clipper weevil
Malathion 25 W (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
Shake blossom clusters over a tray or dish. Spray if small weevils

and clipped buds are easily observed. This pest is more common
where strawberries are grown nearby.
blackberries.
Aphids,
leafhoppers
2.324.65 L/ha
For best results, use high rate, adjust spray solution to pH of

5.57.0, and apply promptly after mixing. If possible, apply in
the early morning or evening hours. Apply when pests are first
observed. Do not wait until plants are heavily infested. Reapply,
if needed.
112
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Two-spotted spider
mite
Apollo SC (10)
500 mL/ha
Kanemite 15 SC (20)
2.07 L/ha
Acramite 50 WS (UN)
851 g/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Beneficial mites can be introduced to prevent mite build-up.

Thorough spray coverage of the lower leaf surface is required.
Apollo: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries. Kills
mite eggs and young nymphs. Apply when mites are mostly in
the egg stage.
Kanemite, Acramite: Act quickly on contact with mites.
within 14 days of Captan or Maestro. Do not apply within 48
hours of freezing temperatures, when temperatures are high
(above 25C), to crops under moisture stress, or just prior to rain.
See Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280, and
Mineral Oil, page 289.
Bloom
DO NOT APPLY INSECTICIDES WHILE RASPBERRIES AND BLACKBERRIES ARE IN BLOOM.
2.5 kg/ha
2.5 kg/ha
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Rovral WDG (2)
2 kg/ha
Cantus WDG (7)

Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
560 g/ha
250666 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
775975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
1.5-2.0 L/ha
Fire blight
Bloomtime Biological
FD (NC)
375500 g/ha
Powdery mildew
Use one of the products listed for powdery mildew at Prebloom (before blossoms open).
Botrytis grey mould
Bloom is the most important time to control botrytis grey mould.

Begin at 5%10% bloom and if the weather is wet. Reapply every
7 days.
Supra Captan, Maestro: The rate on blackberry is 2.25 kg/ha.
These products also control spur blight.
Senator: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries.
Resistance develops rapidly. Tank-mix with a compatible Group
M fungicide.
Serenade OPTI: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
applications or rotate with other products. See Using Organic and
Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Ratings, page 309.
Rovral, Scala: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries.
Bloomtime: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Apply in a minimum of 1,0002,000 L water per ha. Make
first application at 15%20% bloom and second application
at full bloom to petal fall. Refer to label for specific handling
and storage requirements. See Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Green fruit
Anthracnose
Spur blight
Cane botrytis
Tanos 50 DF (11+27)
Obliquebanded
leafroller
Use one of the products listed for obliquebanded leafroller at Prebloom (until blossoms open).
Japanese beetle
Sevin XLR (1)
5.25 L/ha
Apply when adults appear and repeat as necessary at 710-day

intervals.
Rose chafers
Malathion 25 W (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
Spray when adults are active.
840 g/ha
Ensure spray coverage of primocanes in the row. Keep rows

narrow by mowing primocanes as they emerge at the row edges.
Captan and Maestro used at this timing will also control spur
blight.
113
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Leafhoppers
Malathion 25 W (1)
Malathion 85 E (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
880 mL/ha
2.324.65 L/ha

or Alias 240 SC (4)
175 mL/ha
175 mL/ha
Potato leafhopper can be a problem when nearby hay fields are

mowed. New plantings are especially susceptible. Monitor for
small green nymphs on lower leaf surface. Leafhoppers feed
on primocane leaves and cause new growth to turn yellow and
curl under. Spray when nymphs are present and symptoms are
evident.
blackberries.
Malathion 85 E: For use on blackberries or raspberries. Rate
for blackberries is 610975 mL/ha.
in the early morning or evening hours. Reapply, if needed. Also
controls aphids.
Admire, Alias: Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment or residues on blooming crops and weeds. Do not
apply prebloom, during bloom, or when bees are actively
foraging. Refer to label for specific bee toxicity statements. Apply
in 300 L water as a foliar spray. Under high pressure, may provide
suppression rather than control. Also controls aphids.

or Alias 240 SC (4)
467 mL/ha
467 mL/ha
Altacor (28)
215285 g/ha
Red-necked cane
borer

or Alias 240 SC (4)
467 mL/ha
467 mL/ha
Red-necked cane borer attacks the lower primocane, causing

canes to break off 0.51 m above the ground later in the season.
If there is a history of this pest, spray when beetles are active.
Admire, Alias: Do not apply prebloom, during bloom, or when
bees are actively foraging. Apply in 300 L water per ha as a foliar
spray. Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings,
page 309.
White grubs (larvae of

European chafer)

or Alias 240 SC (4)
1.2 L/ha
1.2 L/ha
Reduction in numbers only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy

Ratings, page 309. Apply in young plantings where populations
are high. Apply just prior to egg hatch (shortly after adults are
active) to damp soil in the plant row and in the alleys. Use in
200 L water per ha. Move the product into the root zone with
510 mm irrigation within 24 hours of application. Do not apply
prebloom, during bloom, or when bees are actively foraging.
Kanemite, Acramite: These products act quickly on contact
with mites. Thorough coverage of both leaf surfaces is necessary
for good control.
Raspberry cane borer
Two-spotted spider
mite
Kanemite 15 SC (20)
2.07 L/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Acramite 50 WS (UN)
851 g/ha
Raspberry cane borer makes 2 rings of puncture marks around

the top of the cane, causing the primocane to wilt. Spray to
control beetles when damage is first observed.
Admire, Alias: Do not apply prebloom, during bloom, or when
bees are actively foraging. Apply in 300 L water per ha as a foliar
spray. Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings,
page 309.
Altacor: Apply soon after damage first appears.
Preharvest and harvest

Spotted wing
drosophila
114
Delegate (5)
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
315420 g/ha
165220 mL/ha
334440 mL/ha

inserts eggs into raspberry fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
to premature breakdown. Frequent picking, burial of gradeout fruit, and general sanitation are very important to prevent
problems with SWD. Emergency use registration of other
products is expected. Alternate products from different groups.
Check ontario.ca/spottedwing for updates on pest development,
registered products and management strategies for control.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Spanworms
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Spanworms, also known as inch-worms or loopers, appear just

before harvest on raspberry fruit.
Earwigs,
weevils
Capture 240 EC (3)
467 mL/ha
Repeated use of pyrethroid (Group 3 insecticides) can lead to

spider mite outbreaks.
Botrytis grey mould

2.5 kg/ha
2.5 kg/ha
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Rovral WDG (2)
2 kg/ha
Cantus WDG (7)

Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
560 g/ha
250666 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
775975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
1.5-2.0 L/ha
Although bloom is the most important time to control botrytis

grey mould, preharvest sprays are required if the weather is wet.
Supra Captan, Maestro: Also controls spur blight. The rate on
blackberry is 2.25 kg/ha.
Resistance develops rapidly. Tank-mix with a compatible Group
M fungicide.
Rovral, Scala: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries.
Ratings, page 309.
applications or in rotation with other products. See Using Organic
and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Anthracnose
Spur blight
Cane botrytis
Tanos 50 DF (11+27)
840 g/ha
Apply once or twice after harvest to protect primocanes. Ensure

spray coverage of primocanes in the row. Narrow rows and good
weed control will reduce disease pressure in the row by allowing
air flow and faster drying.
Leaf spot
Sercadis (7)
250666 mL/ha
Raspberry leaf spot can cause severe defoliation on some

varieties. Postharvest fungicides are important for control of this
disease.
Leafhoppers
Malathion 25 W (1)
Malathion 85 E (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
880 mL/ha

or Alias 240 SC (4)
175 mL/ha
175 mL/ha
Surround WP (NC)
25 kg/ha

blackberries.
Malathion 85 E: For use on blackberries or raspberries. Rate
for blackberries is 610975 mL/ha.
Admire, Alias: Do not apply when bees are actively foraging.
Apply in 300 L water as a foliar spray. Under high pressure, may
provide suppression rather than control. Also controls aphids.
Surround: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries.
Apply at 714-day intervals when leafhoppers are first detected
by monitoring. For early applications, use 25 kg/500 L of water.
Once a base coat is established, rate can be reduced for followup applications to 12.5 kg/500 L of water. Do not use Surround
when fruit is present or during bloom. See Using Organic and
Postharvest
Two-spotted spider
mite
Agri-Mek SC (6)
225 mL/ha
Kanemite (20)
2.07 L/ha
Nexter (21)
600 g/ha
Acramite 50 WS (UN)
851 g/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Check lower leaf surface for mites and webbing. Thorough spray
coverage of the lower leaf surface is required. Beneficial mites
can be introduced to prevent mite build-up. Alternate miticides
between years.
Agri-Mek: Apply with 1.05.0 L non-ionic surfactant per
1,000 L water (0.1%0.5% v/v).
Nexter: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries.
Mineral Oil, page 289
115
Summer fruiting raSpBerry and BlackBerry calendar
Disease or Insect
Summer fruiting raSpBerry and BlackBerry calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
White grubs (larvae of

European chafer)

or Alias 240 SC (4)
1.2 L/ha
1.2 L/ha
Reduction in numbers only. Apply in young plantings where

populations are high. Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds. Do not
apply when bees are actively foraging. Read the specific bee
toxicity statements on the label.
Apply to damp soil in the plant row and in the alleys. Use in
200 L water per ha. Move the product into the root zone with
510 mm irrigation within 24 hours of application.
Raspberry crown
borer
Altacor (28)
215285 g/ha
If more than 5% of the crowns are infested, spray lower portions

of canes and the crown area. Treat infested plantings at least 2
years in a row.
Altacor: Spray to control young larvae as eggs hatch and
before they tunnel into the root, crown or canes. Reapply, if
necessary, at 14-day intervals. Apply in late summer or early
fall to first-instar larvae when they are actively feeding in the
cambium, before they tunnel into the crown or canes. Use a high
volume spray to ensure good coverage to base of primocanes.
Use the high rate when pest pressure is heavy. Do not apply
more than 3 times per season.
37 mL/100 m of row
Aliette (33)
or Phostrol (33)
5.50 kg/ha
5.2 L/ha
Ridomil, Phostrol: For raspberries only. Do not use on

blackberries.
Ridomil: Apply after harvest when conditions favour disease
(high soil moisture and cool temperatures). Apply as a soil drench
in a 1 m band centred over the row. Use at least 2,500 L of water
per ha. Apply before mid to late October (before the ground is
frozen).
Aliette, Phostrol: Apply to foliage after harvest when
conditions favour disease (high soil moisture and cool
temperatures). Reapply 34 weeks later, if needed, at least
30 days before leaf drop.
Phostrol: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Special sprays (These diseases are not common in Ontario. Spray varieties or areas where problems have occurred in the past.)
Yellow rust
Nova (3)
Tilt 250 E (3)
or Jade (3)
175 g/ha
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
There are several different rust diseases on raspberries: late leaf

rust, yellow rust, and orange rust. Late leaf rust and orange rust
are the most common in Ontario, yellow rust is rarely seen. These
products are only registered for yellow rust.
Apply in spring at first sign of disease on developing leaves.
Reapply 14 days later.
Downy mildew
Rampart (33)
3 8 L/ha
For blackberries only. Do not use on raspberries.

309.
Downy mildew causes small red spots, extending along the
veins, and leaf distortion. White-grey spore masses are produced
on the underside of leaves, under the red spots. Infected fruit
becomes dry and shrivelled.
Apply Rampart in early spring when conditions favour disease
(cool, wet) but before symptoms develop. Ensure thorough
coverage of lower leaves as primocanes emerge and repeat
as needed. Remove suckers early to reduce spore production
potential.
In problem areas, spray when mildew is first observed. Repeat in
710 days.
Mineral Oil, page 289
Powdery mildew
116
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Nova (3)
340 g/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
4. Berry Crops
This calendar is for primocane-fruiting raspberry varieties that fruit on the tips of the current years growth, and are
mowed annually.
listed in amount per 1,000 L and if a water volume is not provided on the label, use enough water to wet the foliage to
Raspberries and Blackberries, page 121.
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
use extreme caution when applying insecticides to raspberries during bloomdo not apply them while bees are active. Before
and after bloom, bees may still be present on flowering cover crops and weedsdo not allow drift of insecticides onto these
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
MustGrow (NC)
1,1212,240 kg/ha

meal. Apply with a calibrated spreader, in early spring, when
1015 cm, followed by irrigation to ensure the top 1015 cm of
soil is well-moistened. Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
Cane diseases are rarely a problem in primocane-fruiting
varieties because old canes are mowed down in spring, removing
most inoculum.
If cane diseases are a perennial problem, apply when new
canes are 2530 cm tall and again in 10 days. Continue at
1014-day intervals until just before first bloom.
Before planting
Root knot
nematode
Phytophthora
root rot
Verticillium wilt
Primocanes emerge
Anthracnose
Spur blight
Ferbam 76 WDG (M)
Tanos 50 DF (11+27)
840 g/ha
Raspberry sawfly
Diazinon 50 WSP (1)
1 kg/1,000 L water
These green bristly larvae feed between the veins on new

growth, causing long holes and shredding. Apply when damage
appears, but before first bloom. Also controls aphids and
raspberry fruitworm.
used in 2016, but not 2017, on fall-bearing raspberry provided
117
Fall-bearing raspberry Calendar
Fall-bearing Raspberry Calendar (primocane fruiting)
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Obliquebanded
leafroller
Capture 240 EC (3)
467 mL/ha
Delegate (5)
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
200 g/ha
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Foray 48 BA (11)
or Dipel 2X DF (11)
1.42.8 L/ha
1.42.8 L/ha
5251,125 g/ha
Leafrollers are not usually a problem in Ontario. Substantial

damage can occur without crop loss.
Capture, Intrepid: Sequential applications must be at least 30
days apart.
Delegate, Success, Entrust: Apply to eggs and small larvae.
Foray, Bioprotect, Dipel: Works best on small larvae. Repeat
at 37-day intervals. Acidify spray mix to below pH 7.0 and apply
Products, page 280.
Intrepid (18)
0.50.75 L/ha
Apollo SC (10)
500 mL/ha
Kanemite 15 SC (20)
2.07 L/ha
Acramite 50 WS (UN)
851 g/ha

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Japanese beetle
Sevin XLR (1)
5.25 L/ha
Apply when adults are active. Reapply at 710-day intervals, if

needed. Do not apply during bloom.
Rose chafers
Malathion 25 W (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
Apply when adults are active. Do not apply during bloom.
Leafhoppers
Malathion 25 W (1)
45 kg/1,000 L water
2.324.65 L/ha
Potato leafhopper can be a problem when nearby hay fields are

mowed. New plantings are especially susceptible. Monitor for
small green nymphs on lower leaf surface. Leafhoppers feed
on primocane leaves and cause new growth to turn yellow and
curl under. Spray when nymphs are present and symptoms are
evident. Do not apply during bloom.
Pyganic: For raspberries only. Do not use on blackberries.
For best results, use high rate, adjust spray solution to pH of
5.57.0, and apply promptly after mixing. If possible, apply in the
early morning or evening hours. Reapply if needed. Also controls
aphids.
Two-spotted
spider mite

Apollo: Kills mite eggs and young nymphs. Apply early in the
season.
Acramite, Kanemite: These products act quickly on contact
with mites. Apply when monitoring indicates mites are building
up, and mostly in the nymph stages.
Prebloom
Bloom (mid-July to August)

DO NOT APPLY INSECTICIDES WHILE RASPBERRIES ARE IN BLOOM.
Botrytis grey
mould
118

2.5 kg/ha
2.5 kg/ha
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Rovral WDG (2)
2 kg/ha
Cantus WDG (7)

Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
560 g/ha
250666 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
775975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
Serenade OPTI (44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
1.5-2.0 L/ha
Bloom is the most important time to control botrytis grey mould.

Begin at 5%10% bloom and if the weather is wet. Reapply at
710-day intervals.
Supra Captan, Maestro: Also controls spur blight.
Senator: Resistance develops rapidly. Tank-mix with a
compatible Group M fungicide.
Ratings, page 280.
applications or in rotation with other products. See Using Organic
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Fire blight
FD (NC)
375500 g/ha
Bloomtime: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy

Ratings, page 309.
Apply in a minimum of 1,0002,000 L water per ha. Make
first application at 15%20% bloom, and second application at
full bloom to petal fall. Refer to the label for specific handling
Products, page 280.
Bloom to green fruit

Raspberry cane
borer
Altacor (28)
215-285 g/ha
Prune out and remove old canes during the dormant period to
reduce populations of larvae inside the cane. Remove all nearby
wild raspberries, because these are good hosts for cane borers.
Apply soon after damage first appears.
Aphids,
leafhoppers
2.324.65 L/ha
Pyganic: Toxic to bees. Avoid use when bees are actively

foraging. For best results, use high rate, adjust spray solution to
in the early morning or evening hours. Apply when pests are first
observed and reapply, if needed.
Two-spotted
spider mite
Kanemite 15 SC (20)
2.07 L/ha
Acramite 50 WS (UN)
851 g/ha

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water

Apply when population is mostly in the nymph stages. Do not
spray when bees are active.
Preharvest and harvest

Spotted wing
drosophila
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
Delegate (5)
165220 mL/ha
334440 mL/ha
315420 g/ha

inserts eggs into raspberry fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
to premature breakdown. Fall-bearing raspberries are especially
susceptible to this pest. Frequent picking, burial of grade-out
fruit, and general sanitation are very important to prevent
Botrytis grey
mould
Although bloom is the most important time to control botrytis grey mould, preharvest sprays are required if the weather is
wet. Use one of the products listed for botrytis grey mould at Bloom (mid-July to August).
Powdery mildew
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Nova (3)
340 g/ha

13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
In problem areas, spray when mildew is first observed. Repeat in

710 days.
119
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Special sprays (These pests are not common in fall-bearing raspberries. Spray if and when monitoring indicates the need.)
Yellow rust
Tilt 250 E (3)

or Jade (3)
Nova (3)
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
175 g/ha
There are several different rust diseases on raspberries: late leaf

rust, yellow rust, and orange rust. Late leaf rust and orange rust
are the most common in Ontario, yellow rust is rarely seen. These
products are only registered for yellow rust.
Apply in spring at first sign of disease on developing leaves.
Septoria leaf spot
Sercadis (7)
250666 mL/ha
Apply at first sign of leaf spot. Raspberry leaf spot can cause
severe defoliation on some varieties.
Phytophthora
root rot
If this disease is a problem, use one of the products listed for phytophthora root rot under Summer-fruiting Raspberries, Early
bud break, page 111, and Postharvest, page 116.
Brown
marmorated stink
bug
Malathion 85 E (1)
Raspberry crown
borer
Prune out old canes close to the ground when plants are dormant. If this pest is a problem, use one of the products listed for
raspberry crown borer under Summer-fruiting Raspberries, Postharvest, page 116.
120
1.3 L/ha

detected in raspberries, but breeding populations are present
Malathion: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
4. Berry Crops
The re-entry period is the minimum interval that must be observed between the application of pesticide and work in the treated crop without
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Preharvest
interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum
number
applications
per season
(on label)
UN
1 day
12 hours
B, R
24 hours
31/12
B, R
Crop registrations
(B = blackberry,
R = raspberry)

Acramite 50 WS
27925
bifenazate
days1/
Admire 240 Flowable
24094
imidacloprid
4
14 days2
Agri-Mek SC
31607
abamectin
postharvest
12 hours
B, R
Alias 240 SC
28475
imidacloprid
4 days1/
14 days2
24 hours
31/12
B, R
Altacor
28981
chlorantraniliprole
28
3 days
12 hours
2/33
(max. 645 g/ha)
B, R
Apollo SC
21035
clofentezine
10
15 days
12 hours
Bioprotec CAF
26854
11
0 days
12 hours
B, R
Capture 240 EC
31396
bifenthrin
3A
3 days
12 hours
2 (max. 934
mL/ha)
Delegate
28778
spinetoram
1 day
12 hours
B, R
29976
diazinon
1B
prebloom
6 days
B, R
11889
diazinon
1B
prebloom
6 days
B, R
Diazinon 50
WSP4
Diazinon 500 E4
Dipel 2X DF
26508
11
0 days
12 hours
B, R
Entrust
30382
spinosad
1 day
12 hours
B, R
Foray 48 BA
24978
11
0 days
12 hours
Intrepid
27786
methoxyfenozide
18
3 days
12 hours
3 (max. 2 L/ha)
B, R
Kanemite 15 SC
28641
acequinocyl
20B
1 day
12 hours
2 (max 4.1 L/ha)
B, R
Malathion 25 W
14656
malathion
1B
1 day
12 hours
Malathion 85 E
8372
malathion
1B
1 day/
7 days5
24 hours
B, R
Nexter
25135
pyridaben
21
postharvest
24 hours

Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
B, R
Pyganic EC 1.4 II
30164
pyrethrins
12 hours
Sevin XLR
27876
carbaryl
1A
11 days
12 hours
B, R
Success
26835
spinosad
1 day
when dry
B, R
Surround WP
27469
kaolin
NC
1 day
12 hours
Vydate L
17995
oxamyl
1A
postharvest
72 hours
M = Multi-site fungicides. NC = Not classified by FRAC/IRAC, or group not indicated on product label. UN = Mode of action has not been determined.
= Information is not specified on the product label
Foliar application.
Soil application.
3 Maximum 2 applications per year at high rate or 3 applications at low rate.
4 Registration expires December 31, 2016. Can be used in 2016, but not 2017, on blackberry and raspberry provided changes to the label are followed.
5 Preharvest interval is 1 day for raspberry or 7 days for blackberry.
6 After activation with water in soil.
7 Hand harvest.
8 Mechanical harvest.
9 General re-entry.
10 Hand pruning, training, tying and thinning.
1
2
121
RaspbeRRy and blackbeRRy notes
Table 414. Products Used on Raspberries and Blackberries
Table 414. Products Used on Raspberries and Blackberries (contd)
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Preharvest
interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum
number
applications
per season
(on label)
Crop registrations
(B = blackberry,
R = raspberry)
Products for disease control or suppression

Aliette
27668
fosetyl al
33
60 days
when dry
B, R
Bloomtime Biological FD
28436
Pantoea agglomerans
NC
0 days
4 hours
B, R
Bumper 418 EC
28017
propiconazole
30 days
72 hours
B, R
Cantus WDG
30141
boscalid
0 days
12 hours
B, R
Supra Captan 80 WDG
24613
captan
2 days
72 hours
B, R
Elevate 50 WDG
25900
fenhexamid
17
1 day
4 hours
B, R
Ferbam 76 WDG
20136
ferbam
prebloom
12 hours
B, R
Jade
24030
propiconazole
30 days
72 hours
B, R
Lime Sulphur
16465
calcium polysulphide
inch
green
48 hours
B, R
Maestro 80 DF
26408
captan
2 days
72 hours
B, R
B, R
hours6
MustGrow
30263
oriental mustard seed

meal
NC
24
Nova
22399
myclobutanil
6 days7/
1 day8
12 hours
B, R
Phostrol
30449
mono- and di-basic

sodium, potassium and
ammonium phosphites
33
1 day
12 hours
Pristine WG
27985
boscalid +
pyraclostrobin
7+11
0 days
when dry9/
24 hours7,10
B, R

Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
B, R
Rampart
30654
mono- and dipotassium 33

salts of phosphorous
acid
4 hours
Ridomil Gold 480 SL
28474
metalaxyl-M and S
postharvest
12 hours
Rovral WDG
24709
iprodione
1 day
12 hours
Scala SC
28011
pyrimethanil
0 days
12 hours
Senator 70 WP
25343
thiophanate-methyl
1 day
12 hours
Sercadis
31697
fluxapyroxad
0 days
12 hours
B, R
Serenade OPTI
31666
Bacillus subtilis
44
0 days
when dry
B, R
Switch 62.5 WG
28189
9+12
1 day
12 hours
B, R
Tanos 50 DF
27435
famoxadone+cymoxanil
11+27
9 days
9 days
B, R
Tilt 250 E
19346
propiconazole
30 days
12 hours
B, R
Timorex Gold
30910
tea tree oil
46
2 days
4 hours
M = Multi-site fungicides. NC = Not classified by FRAC/IRAC, or group not indicated on product label. UN = Mode of action has not been determined.
= Information is not specified on the product label
Foliar application.
Soil application.
3 Maximum 2 applications per year at high rate or 3 applications at low rate.
4 Registration expires December 31, 2016. Can be used in 2016, but not 2017, on blackberry and raspberry provided changes to the label are followed.
5 Preharvest interval is 1 day for raspberry or 7 days for blackberry.
7 Hand harvest.
8 Mechanical harvest.
9 General re-entry.
10 Hand pruning, training, tying and thinning.
1
2
122
4. Berry Crops
For information on the activity of fungicides on raspberry diseases, see Table 415. Activity of Fungicides on Raspberry
Diseases, on this page. For information on the activity of insecticides on raspberry pests, see Table 416. Activity of
Insecticides on Raspberry Pests and Bees, page 124.
Table 415. Activity of Fungicides on Raspberry Diseases
Anthracnose
(elsinoe)
Spur blight
Cane botrytis
Botrytis
grey mould
Raspberry
leaf spot
Late leaf rust
Yellow rust
Powdery
mildew
Phytophthora
root rot
Crown gall
Fire blight
Use fungicides only for the disease listed on the product label for the crop. The information provided in this table is intended to assist the grower
in choosing the best fungicide for control of pests listed on the product label, while managing resistance and avoiding unnecessary sprays for nontarget pests. Efficacy can be affected by rate of the product.
1*
1*
NA
11
1*
Fungicide
group
Product
Ferbam 76 WDG
Lime Sulphur
1*
Maestro 80 DF
2*
2*
Supra Captan 80 WDG
Senator 70 WP
Rovral WDG
11
1*
2*
1 to 2
2*
1 to 2
2*
0 to 1
R*
2*
Bumper 418 EC
3*
Jade
3*
Nova
3*
3*
Tilt 250 E
3*
Ridomil Gold 480 SL
3*
Cantus WDG
3*
Sercadis
1*
3*
7+11
Pristine WG
3*
Scala SC
3*
9+12
Switch 62.5 WG
3*
11+27
Tanos 50 DF
2*
2*
1*
1*
17
Elevate 50 WDG
3*
33
Aliette
2*
33
Phostrol
2*
33
Rampart
44
Serenade OPTI
1*
NC
Bloomtime Biological FD
1*
NC

Oil 13 E
1*
= No information is available. * (shaded area) = Disease is listed on the product label for control or suppression. NA = Not used at the timing for this pest.
R = Resistance to this pathogen has occurred in some areas.
1
Delayed dormant timing.
123
Notes on Raspberry Diseases and Insects
Table 416. Activity of Insecticides on Raspberry Pests and Bees
3*
HT
NA
NA
3*
NA
NA
HT
Bee toxicity
1*
Spotted wing
drosophila (adult)
2*
Japanese beetle
(adults)
Raspberry crown
borer (larvae)
2*
3*
Raspberry
cane borer
3*
Rose chafer
2*
Inchworms
and loopers
Clipper weevil
2*
Spider mites
Leafrollers
Sevin XLR
Diazinon 50 WSP1
Leafhoppers
Raspberry
fruitworm (beetle)
1A
1B
Raspberry sawfly
Insecticide
Aphids
Use products only for pests listed on the product label for the crop. The information provided in this table is based on information from other areas.
It is intended to assist the grower in choosing the best insecticide for control of pests listed on the product label, while managing resistance and
avoiding unnecessary sprays for non-target pests. Efficacy can be affected by rate of the product.
Group
1B
Malathion 25 W
3*
2*
2*
2*
NA
HT
1B
Malathion 85 E
2*
2*
NA
HT
Pyganic 1.4 EC II
1*
1*
HT
3A
Capture 240 EC
3*
HT
Admire 240
Flowable
3*
2*
2*
HT
Alias 240 SC
3*
2*
2*
HT
Delegate
3*
NA
3*
HT
Entrust
3*
2*
NA
3*
HT
Success
3*
2*
NA
3*
HT
Agri-Mek SC 2
3*
HT
10
Apollo SC
2*
11
Bioprotec CAF
2*
11
Dipel 2X DF
2*
11
Foray 48 BA
2*
18
Intrepid
3*
20B
Kanemite 15 SC
3*
21
Nexter2
3*
HT
28
Altacor
2*
NC
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
1*
1*
NC
Surround WP
2*
UN
Acramite 50 WS
3*
MT
Bee toxicity: HT = highly toxic. MT = Moderately toxic. S = Relatively safe or non-toxic. I = Irritant.
NA = Not used at the timing for this pest. = No information is available. * (shaded area) = Pest is listed on the product label for control or suppression.
1
2
Prebloom only. Diazinon registration expires December 31, 2016. Do not use in 2017.
Postharvest only.
124
4. Berry Crops

Always consult the product label for suggested water volumes. Otherwise, use enough water to ensure thorough spray
coverage.
Saskatoon Berries, page 128.
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
management to avoid negative effects on pollinators. Some insecticides cannot be applied prior to or during bloom. For
others, use extreme caution when applying insecticides to saskatoon berries during bloomdo not apply them while bees are
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Superior 70 Oil E (NC)
20 L/1,000 L water
Ensure thorough coverage. Do not apply in freezing weather or if

frost is expected.
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Dipel 2X DF (11)
5251,125 g/ha
1.42.8 L/ha
Intrepid (18)
0.5 L/ha
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
215285 g/ha
0.51.0 L/ha
Not all products are labelled for all pests. Choose a product
based on which type of spring-feeding caterpillar is predominant.
Success, Entrust, Intrepid: Use for obliquebanded leafroller
and spanworm.
Dipel, Bioprotec: Use for most leafrollers. Spray when larvae
are very small and repeat at 37-day intervals. Acidify spray mix
to below pH 7.0 and apply on cloudy days or evening. See Using
Altacor, Exirel: Use for leafrollers. Do not tank-mix or make
sequential applications of Exirel with Group 11 fungicides,
copper fungicides, Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Bravo or Echo. See
product label for numerous other tank-mix restrictions.
Saskatoon-juniper
rust
Funginex DC (3)
3 L/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.6 kg/ha
Entomosporium leaf
and berry spot
Kumulus DF (M)
or Microthiol Disperss (M)
7.5 kg/ha
7.5 kg/ha
Funginex DC (3)
3 L/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.6 kg/ha
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
775975 g/ha
Early bud break

Saskatoon bud moth
Fruit tree leafroller
Flower bud break
Obliquebanded
leafroller
Winter moth
Fruit tree leafroller
Spanworm
This disease causes yellow spots and swelling on leaves and fruit.
Infections on juniper spread up to 2 km to saskatoons. Prune out
rust galls on juniper or remove entire juniper plants to reduce
disease pressure. Spray before symptoms develop.
Funginex: Apply once between flower bud break and white tip.
Angular brown spots develop first on lower leaves, causing
yellowing, defoliation and fruit cracking. Spray before symptoms
develop. Apply at flower bud break and reapply at 1014-day
intervals while disease risk persists.
Kumulus, Microthiol Disperss: Do not apply if temperatures
are over 27C or leaf injury may result.
Funginex: Apply once between flower bud break and white
tip.
Switch: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
125
SaSkatoon berry Calendar
Saskatoon Berry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Tilt 250 E (3)

or Jade (3)
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.6 kg/ha
This disease causes yellow spots and swellings on leaves and

fruit. Infections on juniper spread up to 2 km to saskatoons.
Prune out rust galls on juniper or remove entire juniper plants to
reduce disease pressure. Spray before symptoms develop.
Kumulus DF (M)
or Microthiol Disperss (M)
7.5 kg/ha
7.5 kg/ha
Tilt 250 E (3)

or Jade (3)
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.6 kg/ha
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
775975 g/ha
Powdery mildew
Nova (3)
113 g/1,000 L water or

340 g/ha
Apply before disease symptoms develop. Reapply 10 days later,

if needed. This product is in the same fungicide group as Tilt,
Jade, Bumper and Funginex. Alternate with products from other
groups for entomosporium leaf and berry spot control.
Fire blight
FD (NC)
375500 g/ha

309. Apply in a minimum of 1,0002,000 L water per ha. Make
first application at 15%20% bloom, and second application
at full bloom to petal fall. Refer to label for specific handling
Products, page 280.
Weevils
Exirel (28)
1.01.5 L/ha
Apply to foliage to control adult weevils in buds or foliage. Do

not tank-mix or make sequential applications with Group 11
fungicides, copper fungicides, Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Bravo or
Echo. See product label for numerous other tank-mix restrictions.
Saskatoon-juniper
rust
Use one of the products listed for saskatoon-juniper rust at White tip.
Entomosporium leaf
and berry spot
Use one of the products listed for entomosporium leaf and berry spot at White tip.
White tip
Saskatoon-juniper
rust
Entomosporium leaf
and berry spot
Repeat at 1014-day intervals while disease risk persists.

Kumulus, Microthiol Disperss: Do not apply if temperatures
are over 27C or leaf injury may result.
Switch: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309.
Bloom
Petal fall
Green fruit
Powdery mildew
Nova (3)
113 g/1,000 L water or

340 g/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Apply before disease symptoms develop. Reapply 10 days later,

if needed.
Nova: This product is in the same fungicide group as Tilt,
Jade, Bumper and Funginex. Alternate with products from other
groups for entomosporium leaf and berry spot control.
Oil, page 289.
Saskatoon-juniper
rust
Use one of the products listed for saskatoon-juniper rust at White tip.
Entomosporium leaf
and berry spot
Use one of the products listed for entomosporium at White tip.
Obliquebanded
leafroller
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
126
215285 g/ha
0.51.0 L/ha
Apply when eggs are hatching or young larvae are present. Use
pheromone traps and spray at peak trap catch.
restrictions.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Japanese beetle
350 mL/ha
Altacor (28)
Exirel (28)
215285 g/ha
1.5 L/ha
Admire: Do not make a foliar application following soil

application of a Group 4 insecticide. Do not apply from bud stage
to bloom or when bees are actively foraging.
Ratings, page 309.
restrictions.
Weevils
Use one of the products listed for weevils at Petal fall
After harvest
Woolly elm aphid
Woolly apple aphid
Orthene 75% SP (1)
For each plant: 1.7 g

or Alias 240 SC (4)
For each plant: 0.125 mL
White grubs
1.2 L/ha
These aphids feed on plant roots and reduce plant vigour. After
harvest, dig up suspect bushes and examine the root systems
for waxy white aphid colonies. Young plantings are especially
susceptible.
Make 1 application in mid-July to mid-August, after harvest is
complete.
Orthene: Application is by soil injection. Mix 0.85 g of Orthene
in 1 L of water and apply 2 L/plant. Inject in 35 injection points
about 12 inches deep. See product label for special application
instructions.
Admire, Alias: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
Efficacy Ratings, page 309. Apply in 200 L water per ha to the soil
at the base of each plant, followed by sufficient water to move
the product to the root zone.
For reduction in numbers of larvae of European chafer and
Japanese beetle. Apply to soil with sufficient water volume
to move the product to the root zone. Use prior to egg hatch
(shortly after adults are active) to control young larvae.
Special sprays (These pests are not a common problem on saskatoons. Spray if and when monitoring indicates the need.)
Spotted wing
drosophila
Aphids
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
Delegate (5)
165220 mL/ha
334440 mL/ha
315420 g/ha
Exirel (28)
1.01.5 L/ha

Assail 70 WP (4)
175 mL/ha
5686 g/ha
Movento 240 SC (23)
220365 mL/ha
Leafhoppers
175 mL/ha
Brown marmorated
stink bug
Actara 25 WG (4)
280 g/ha

inserts eggs into saskatoon fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
to premature breakdown. Emergency use registration of other
restrictions.
Aphids are not normally a problem in saskatoon berries. Apply
when aphid populations are high, but not during bloom, due to
bee toxicity. This spray does not control root-feeding woolly elm
or apple aphids.
Admire: Do not make a foliar application following soil
application of a Group 4 insecticide. Do not apply from bud stage
to bloom or when bees are actively foraging.
Movento: Apply postbloom only.
detected in berry crops, but breeding populations are present
Actara: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309. This product is highly toxic to bees exposed
to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops and weeds.
127
Disease or Insect
SaSkatoon Berry noteS
Table 417. Products Used on Saskatoon Berries

Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Preharvest
interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum number
of applications per
season (on label)

Actara 25 WG
28408
thiamethoxam
3 days
12 hours
Admire 240
Flowable
24094
imidacloprid
3 days1/14 days2
24 hours
12/21
Alias 240 SC
28475
imidacloprid
14 days
24 hours
Altacor
28981
chlorantraniliprole
28
1 day
12 hours
3 (max. 645 g/ha)
Assail 70 WP
27128
acetamiprid
7 days
12 hours3/
48 hours4
Bioprotec CAF
26854
11
0 days
12 hours
Delegate
28778
spinetoram
3 days
12 hours
Dipel 2X DF
26508
11
0 days
12 hours
Entrust
30382
spinosad
3 days
when dry
Exirel
30895
cyantraniliprole
28
3 days
12 hours
4 (max. 4.5 L/ha)
Intrepid
27786
methoxyfenozide
18
7 days
12 hours
4 (max. 2 L/ha)
Movento 240 SC
28953
spirotetramat
23
7 days
12 hours
max. 1.8 L/ha
Orthene 75% SP
14225
acephate
1B
11 months
72 hours
Success
26835
spinosad
3 days
when dry
Superior 70 Oil E
9542
mineral oil
NC
-inch green
12 hours
NC
0 days
4 hours

Bloomtime
Biological FD
28436
Pantoea agglomerans
Bumper 418 EC
28017
propiconazole
38 days
12 hours
Funginex DC
27686
triforine
60 days
48 hours
Jade
24030
propiconazole
38 days
12 hours
Kumulus DF
18836
sulphur
1 day
24 hours
Microthiol Disperss
29487
sulphur
1 day
24 hours
Nova
22399
myclobutanil
14 days
12 hours3/
72 hours4,5
Pristine WG
27985
boscalid +
pyraclostrobin
7+11
0 days
when dry3/
29 days5
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
Switch 62.5 WG
28189
cyprodinil and
fludioxonil
9+12
1 day
12 hours3/
10 days4,5
Tilt 250 E
19346
propiconazole
38 days
12 hours
Foliar application.
Soil application.
3 General re-entry.
4 Hand pruning and thinning.
5 Hand harvest.
1
2
128
4. Berry Crops

Consult the product label for suggested water volumes. Otherwise, use enough water to ensure thorough spray coverage.
Strawberries, page 144.
others (U or UN).
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
MustGrow (NC)
1,1212,240 kg/ha

meal. Apply with a calibrated spreader, in early spring when
1015 cm, followed by irrigation to ensure the top 1015 cm
of soil are well-moistened. Suppression only. See Table 111.
Quadris Flowable (11)
1.1 L/ha
or 6 mL/100 m of row
Scholar 230 SC (12)
1.2 L/ha
or 6.5 mL/100 m of row
Quadris, Scholar: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide

Apply in the transplant furrow at planting or as a high-volume
application directed at the crown in 1,0001,500 L/ha water
within a week after planting. Mount the spray nozzle so the spray
is directed over the plants as a 1520-cm wide band. For drench
application, use 10 L of water per 100 m and irrigate afterwards
to ensure adequate movement of the product to the roots.
These products are also registered for application through drip
irrigation systems. See label.
Quadris: Can cause severe injury to certain apple varieties. Do
not spray where spray drift may reach apple trees.
Before planting
Red stele
Root knot nematode
Root lesion nematode
Verticillium wilt
At planting or shortly after

Black root rot
May or early June (when new growth begins after transplanting)

Strawberry aphids
Cygon 480-AG (1)

or Lagon 480 E (1)
2.25 L/ha
2.25 L/ha

Assail 70 WP (4)
850 mL1.3 L/ha

5686 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
Control aphids to reduce spread of virus diseases to new fields.

Apply when growth begins after planting. Do not apply during
bloom due to bee toxicity. Spray before buds open or after deblossoming.
Cygon, Lagon: Apply as a foliar spray.
Admire, Assail: Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds. Refer to
label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Admire (soil application): Use 7.512 mL/100 m of row in
2,000 L/ha of water as a surface band directly to the plant row.
Rate is approx. 850 mL1.3 L/ha, but depends on row spacing.
See label for conversions. Do not use both soil and foliar
applications of Group 4 insecticides in the same year.
Assail (foliar application): Use a 7-day interval between
sprays. Use high rate under heavy pest pressure.
Beleaf: Safe to beneficial insects and bees.
129
NoN-beariNg Strawberry CaleNdar
Non-bearing Strawberry Calendar (planting year)
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Leafrollers
Malathion 85 E (1)
975 mL/ha
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
145182 mL/ha
267364 mL/ha
Dipel 2X DF (11)
5251,125 g/ha
1.42.8 L/ha
Apply only if leafrollers are easy to find.

Dipel, Bioprotec: Spray when larvae are small and repeat at
37-day intervals. Acidify spray mix to below pH 7.0 and apply
Products, page 280.
Altacor (28)
215285 g/ha
Warhawk 480 EC (1)

or Pyrinex 480 EC (1)
1.2 L/ha
1.2 L/ha
Altacor (28)
215285 g/ha
Strawberry cutworm
Apply if cutworm activity is evident, usually June 1-June 15. Do

not confuse cutworm damage with deer browsing.
Warhawk, Pyrinex: Apply in 2,000 L water per ha.
One month after planting and again once or twice at 2-week intervals
Common leaf spot
Strawberry aphids

Copper 53 W (M)
4.25 kg/ha
4.25 kg/ha
3.8 kg/ha
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Tilt 250 E (3)

or Jade (3)
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
Cygon 480-AG (1)

or Lagon 480 E (1)
2.25 L/ha
2.25 L/ha

Assail 70 WP (4)
175 mL/ha
5686 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
Protect new leaves as they unfold. Spray susceptible varieties

such as Jewel, Mira, Kent, Veestar and MicMac.
Copper: Use alone. For instructions on mixing copper sprays,
see Table 92. Copper Products Used on Fruit Crops, page 295.
Continue to monitor for aphids and protect new plants when

aphids are present. Remove all bloom and blossom clusters
before application, and apply as a foliar spray.
Cygon, Lagon: Do not apply when bees are actively foraging.
Admire, Assail: Do not use both soil and foliar applications of
Group 4 insecticides in the same year.
July to mid-August
Potato leafhopper
Strawberry aphids
130
Malathion 85 E (1)
975 mL/ha
Assail 70 WP (4)
5686 g/ha
175 mL/ha
Surround WP (NC)
25 kg/ha
Potato leafhoppers migrate long distances and often appear

when nearby hay fields are mowed. Check underside of leaves
and spray when nymphs are present. Repeated applications may
be necessary.
Admire, Assail: Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment or residues on blooming crops and weeds. Refer to
label for specific bee toxicity statements. Remove all bloom
and blossom clusters before application, and apply as a foliar
spray. Do not use both soil and foliar applications of Group 4
insecticides in the same year.
Surround: Apply at 714-day intervals when leafhoppers are
first detected by monitoring. For early applications, use
25 kg/ha per 500 L of water. Once a base coat is established,
use 12.5 kg/ha per 500 L of water for subsequent sprays. Do not
apply during bloom or when fruit is present. See Using Organic
Use one of the products listed for aphids at One month after planting.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Powdery mildew
Cueva (M)
Fullback 125 SC (3)

Mettle 125 ME (3)
Nova (3)
5121024 mL/ha
219365 mL/ha
340 g/ha
Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
250333 mL/ha
1.6 kg/ha
Flint (11)
140 g/ha
Quintec (13)
300440 mL/ha
Double Nickel 55 (44)
1.02.5 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
2.0 L/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
Fracture (NC)
Oil 13 E (NC)
Tivano (NC)
425 g/ha
1.53.3 L/ha
10 L/1,000 L water
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.125%0.25% v/v in
5001,000 L water/ ha
Begin applications when conditions favour disease or before

the first signs of mildew on foliage. Continue as needed on a
714-day interval. Use the shorter spray interval when pressure
is severe.
Cueva: Use a 1% solution v/v, in 470940 L water per ha.
Fullback: Use with a non-ionic surfactant at 2.5 L/1,000 L water
(0.25% v/v).
Tivano: Use in 200 L water per ha to obtain an 8%12%
solution. Multiple applications at 710-day intervals are required
for control.
Actinovate, Tivano, Regalia Maxx, Double Nickel, Timorex
Gold: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings,
page 309, and Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Regalia Maxx: Use 0.125% (1.25 L in 1,000 L water) in a tankmix with other powdery mildew fungicides or 0.25% (2.5 L in
1,000 L water) in rotation with other powdery mildew fungicides.
within 14 days of Bravo, Echo, Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Cygon,
Lagon or sulphur products. Do not apply within 48 hours of
freezing temperatures, when temperatures are high (above
Oil, page 289
White grubs
1.2 L/ha
Common leaf spot
If leaf spot is present, continue fungicide applications at regular intervals, prior to wetting periods. Use one of the
products listed for common leaf spot at One month after planting.
1624 L/ha
Reduction in numbers of European chafer and Japanese beetle

larvae. Apply just prior to egg hatch (shortly after adults are
active) to control young larvae. Apply to soil, before mulch is
applied. Do not use both soil and foliar applications of Group 4
insecticides in the same year. Highly toxic to bees exposed to
direct treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds.
Mid-August and again once or twice

Powdery mildew
Use one of the products listed for powdery mildew at July to mid-August.
Common leaf spot
This is an important timing for control. If leaf spot is present, or on susceptible varieties, continue fungicide applications
at regular intervals, prior to wetting periods. Use one of the products listed for common leaf spot at One month after
planting.
Black root rot
Use one of the products listed for black root rot At planting or shortly after.
Strawberry aphids
This is a critical time for aphid control. Populations tend to build up unnoticed at this time. Check new growth and
continue an aphid control program if aphids are present. Use one of the products listed for aphids at One month after
planting.
Fall
Red stele
1 L/ha
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
This disease is sporadic and favoured by wet or compacted soil,

and susceptible varieties (Table 422. Strawberry Variety Disease
Ratings, page 151). To reduce the chance of resistance, spray
only where red stele has been observed or a high-risk situation
occurs.
Ridomil Gold: Make 1 application in early September and
a second treatment in late October, no later than October 31.
Apply in sufficient water (2,500 L/ha) to ensure movement into
the root zone.
Aliette: Maximum of 4 applications per season: 2 in spring and
2 in fall. Apply as a foliar spray in spring when plants start active
growth. Apply at 3060-day intervals. Make fall applications
when soil conditions favour disease development (e.g., high soil
moisture, cool temperatures).
131
Disease or Insect
June-bearing Strawberry Calendar
June-bearing Strawberry Calendar (fruiting years)

others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
use extreme caution when applying insecticides to strawberries during bloomdo not apply them while bees are active. Before
and after bloom, bees may still be present on flowering cover crops and weedsdo not allow drift of insecticides onto these
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
When new growth appears

Red stele
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
This disease is sporadic and favoured by wet or compacted

soil and susceptible varieties (Table 422. Strawberry Variety
Disease Ratings, page 151). Spray only where red stele has been
observed or a high-risk situation occurs.
Aliette: Maximum 4 applications per season: 2 in spring and 2
in fall. Apply in spring when plants start active growth. Apply at
3060-day intervals. Do not apply within 30 days of harvest or
after first bloom.
Botrytis grey mould
Bravo ZN (M)
or Echo 90 DF (M)
3.5 L/ha
1.9 kg/ha
Bravo, Echo: Reduces disease inoculum and prevents infection

of senescent leaves. Reapply 10 days later.
Black root rot
1.1 L/ha or 6 mL/100 m

of row
Scholar 230 SC (12)
1.2 L/ha or 6.5 mL/100 m

of row

Apply as a high-volume application directed at the crown in
1,0001,500 L/ha water. Mount the spray nozzle so the spray is
directed over the plants as a 1520-cm wide band. For drench
application, use 10 L of water per 100 m and irrigate afterwards
to ensure adequate movement of the product to the roots.
These products are also registered for application through drip
irrigation systems. See label.
When flower buds are visible in the crown

Cyclamen mite
132
Thionex 50 W WSP (2)
4.0 kg/ha
Agri-Mek SC (6)
225 mL/ha
Apply where cyclamen mite has been a problem in the past.

These tiny mites feed on developing leaves in the plant crown,
causing leaf distortion and stunted growth.
Thionex: Apply in 4,000 L of water per ha as a drench over
the plant row. Current registered uses of endosulfan products
(Thionex 50 W WSP) will not be permitted on strawberry after
December 31, 2016.
Agri-Mek: Apply in sufficient water, to ensure thorough leaf
coverage. Apply with 1.05.0 L non-ionic surfactant per 1,000 L
water (0.1%0.5% v/v).
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Strawberry aphids
Cygon 480-AG (1)

or Lagon 480 E (1)
2.25 L/ha
2.25 L/ha

or Alias 240 SC (4)
Assail 70 WP (4)
850 mL1.3 L/ha

850 mL1.3 L/ha
5686 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
Apply when aphid populations start to build but before winged

stages develop.
Cygon, Lagon, Admire, Alias, Assail: Highly toxic to bees
exposed to direct treatment or to residues on blooming crops
and weeds. Refer to label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Admire, Alias: Apply as a soil drench with sufficient water to
ensure incorporation into the root zone. Do not use both soil and
foliar applications of Group 4 insecticides in the same year.
Admire: Use 7.512 mL/100 m of row in 2,000 L/ha of water as
surface band directly to the plant row. Rate is approximately
0.851.3 L/ha, but depends on row spacing. See label for
conversions.
Assail: Apply as a foliar spray. Use a 7-day interval between
sprays. Under heavy pressure, use the high rate.
Beleaf: Best choice when bloom and bees are present.

Copper 53 W (M)
4.25 kg/ha
4.25 kg/ha
3.8 kg/ha
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Tilt 250 E (3)

or Jade (3)
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
Tivano (NC)
1624 L/ha
Tivano: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings,

page 309. Mix in 200 L water per ha to obtain an 8%12%
for control. See Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Common leaf spot
Angular leaf spot
Protect new leaves as they unfold. Spray susceptible varieties

such as Jewel, Mira, Kent, Veestar and MicMac.
Copper: Apply alone in 1,000 L water per ha. See Table 92.
Copper Products Used on Fruit Crops, page 295.
As flower buds extend from crown

Strawberry clipper
weevil
Mako (3)
or Up-Cyde 2.5 EC (3)
Matador 120 EC (3)
or Silencer 120 EC (3)
175 mL/ha
280 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
Check edges of fields for clipped buds. Spray when first injury is
detected, or wait until threshold is reached (approximately
13 clipped buds per m of row). Reapply if new injury is detected
7 days later.
Tarnished plant bug

(adults)
Cygon 480-AG (1)
2.75 L/ha
Clutch 50 WDG (4)
448 g/ha
These products are very toxic to bees. Do not use during bloom
or when bees are active.
First bloom
INSECTICIDES MAY BE VERY TOXIC TO BEES. DO NOT SPRAY WHEN BEES ARE ACTIVE. SPRAY IN THE EVENING.
Strawberry aphids
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
Safe to use during bloom around bees, and will also provide
suppression of tarnished plant bug if used at the high rate.
Tarnished plant bugs

(lygus bugs)
2.0 kg/ha
Mako (3)
Decis 5 EC (3)
Matador 120 EC (3)
250 mL/ha
400 mL/ha
200 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
200 g/ha
Rimon 10 EC (15)
835 mL/ha
Do not spray when bees are active. Refer to label for specific bee
toxicity statements.
During bloom and green fruit stage, shake blossom clusters
and fruit trusses over a shallow dish. Watch for soft-bodied
green insects that move quickly to escape. For thresholds and
monitoring details, see ontario.ca/cropipm.
Thionex: Current registered uses of endosulfan products
December 31, 2016.
Mako, Up-Cyde, Decis, Matador, Silencer: These products
also control spittle bug and, except Decis, clipper weevil. Use of
these products may lead to mite outbreaks.
Beleaf: Suppression only. Apply when tarnished plant bug
nymphs are in early instar stages and before populations reach
high levels. Will stop insect feeding rapidly but it may take
several days to see a reduction in tarnished plant bug numbers.
Reapply when new insects are detected.
Rimon: Apply when nymphs are still in early instar stages.
133
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Botrytis grey mould

Folpan 80 WDG (M)
Granuflo T (M)
or Thiram 75 WP (M)
4.25 kg/ha
4.25 kg/ha
2.5 kg/ha
2.252.5 kg/1,000 L water
2.252.5 kg/1,000 L water
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Rovral WDG (2)
2 kg/ha
Cantus WDG (7)

Fontelis (7)
Kenja 400 SC (7)
Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
560 g/ha
1.01.75 L/ha
1.01.24 L/ha
500666 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha

Serenade OPTI (44)
1.02.5 kg/ha
1.73.3 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
1.52.0 L/ha
Ensure good spray coverage to keep all flower parts protected

with fungicide during bloom. Typically 23 sprays at 710-day
intervals during bloom will give good control. Use shorter spray
intervals (e.g., 57 days) during wet weather.
Granuflo T, Thiram: Use up to 2,000 L water per ha.
Fontelis: Contains mineral oil in the formulation. Tank-mixing
or rotating with oil-sensitive products (e.g., captan, sulphur) can
cause crop safety issues. Read and follow all label restrictions
regarding tank-mixes with this product.
Ratings, page 309.
Double Nickel, Serenade OPTI, Regalia Maxx, Actinovate,
Fracture: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309. For best results, use multiple applications
or in rotation with other products. See Using Organic and
Regalia Maxx: Use 2.5 L in 1,000 L water.
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in 5001,000 L

water/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
Fracture (NC)
425 g/ha
1.53.3 L/ha
Cabrio EG (11)
Pristine WG (7+11)
1 kg/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
425 g/ha
Phostrol (33)
Confine Extra (33)
4.1 L/ha
45 L/ha
Leather rot
Bloom is the best time to control this disease. Warm wet weather
during bloom favours the development of anthracnose fruit rot.
Actinovate: May reduce symptoms but does not provide
control or suppression of anthracnose. See Using Organic and
Begin applications at 10% bloom and continue at 7-day intervals
if conditions favour disease (heavy rains, standing water, rainsplashed soil, history of damage).
Confine Extra: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide
7 to 10 days after first bloom

Botrytis grey mould
Use one of the products listed for botrytis at First bloom.
Use one of the products listed for anthracnose at First bloom.
This is a critical time for control. Continue to monitor for tarnished plant bug. If thresholds are reached, use one of the
products listed for tarnished plant bug at First bloom.
Thrips
Delegate WG (5)
280 g/ha
Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309.
Check blossoms and under calyces for small thread-like yellow
thrips. Expect more problems where insecticides have not been
applied for tarnished plant bug. If populations are high, reapply
in 34 days. This product is toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment, drift or residues on blooming plants. Do not apply
during bloom or when bees are active.
Green fruit
Leather rot
(suppression)
Use one of the products listed for leather rot at First bloom if conditions are favourable for infection.
Strawberry aphids
Assail 70 WP (4)
5686 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
134
These products will also control or suppress tarnished plant bug

when used at the high rate.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Tarnished plant bug

(nymphs)
2.0 kg/ha
Decis 5 EC (3)
Mako (3)
Matador 120 EC (3)
200 mL/ha
250 mL/ha
400 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
Assail 70 WP (4)
84210 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
200 g/ha
Rimon 10 EC (15)
835 mL/ha
This is the best timing for Rimon and Assail. Do not spray when
bees are active.
During bloom and green fruit stage, shake blossom clusters
and fruit trusses over a shallow dish. Watch for soft-bodied
green insects that move quickly to escape. For thresholds and
December 31, 2016.
Decis, Mako, Up-Cyde, Matador, Silencer: These products
also control spittle bug and, except Decis, clipper weevil. These
products may lead to mite outbreaks.
Assail: Use a 7-day interval between sprays. Under heavy
pressure, use the high rate.
Rimon: Apply when nymphs are still in the early instar stages.
Agri-Mek SC (6)
225 mL/ha
Apollo SC (10)
500 mL/ha
Nexter (21)
600 g/ha
Oberon Flowable (23)
880 mL/ha
Nealta (25)
1 L/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Two-spotted spider
mite
Use high water volumes to ensure good coverage of the

underside of leaves. See Table 420. Miticides Registered on
Strawberries, page 149, for details on timing.
Agri-Mek, Nexter: Do not spray when bees are active.
1,000 L water (0.1%0.5% v/v).
Nealta: Thorough spray coverage is essential for good control.
For resistance management, do not use more than once per
season. Active on all life stages.
Lagon, or sulphur products. Do not apply within 48 hours of
freezing temperatures, when temperatures are high (above 25C),
to crops under moisture stress, or just prior to rain. See Using
Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280, and Mineral Oil,
page 289.
Preharvest
Botrytis grey mould
Use one of the products listed for botrytis at First bloom. If sprinkler irrigation is used, water early in the day to allow plants
to dry off before nightfall.
Warm wet weather favours development of anthracnose. In these conditions, use one of the products listed for
anthracnose at First bloom.
Spotted wing
drosophila
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
Delegate (5)
145182 mL/ha
292364 mL/ha
280 g/ha

inserts eggs into strawberry fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
to premature breakdown. Frequent picking, burial of gradeout fruit, and general sanitation are very important to prevent
products is expected. Alternate with products from different
groups. Check ontario.ca/spottedwing for updates on pest
for control.
Slugs
Sluggo Professional (NC)
25 kg/ha
Apply 50 kg/ha if population is very high. Apply when infestation

begins. Reapply as bait is consumed or at least every 2 weeks if
slugs and snails continue to be a problem.
135
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Renovation (after mowing to July)

Cyclamen mite
4 kg/ha
These tiny mites feed on developing leaves in the plant crown,

causing leaf distortion and stunted growth. High water volumes
are needed to contact the new growth in the crown.
Thionex: Apply in 4,000 L of water per ha as a drench over
the plant row. Current registered uses of endosulfan products
December 31, 2016.
Black vine weevil

adults
Matador 120 EC (3)

104 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
Actara 25 WG (4)
210280 g/ha
Actara: Apply to foliage when adults are present, usually during

and after harvest. Do not apply if a soil application of a Group 4
insecticide was applied. Also controls cranberry weevils. Highly
toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or residues on
blooming crops and weeds. Refer to label for specific bee toxicity
statements.
Matador, Silencer: Suppression only. See Table 11-1. Pesticide
Efficacy Ratings, page 309. Apply when adults begin to be
present, but not until after harvest. May be less effective at high
temperatures (over 27C).
Actara 25 WG (4)
560 g/ha
Black vine weevil

larvae
Strawberry root
weevil larvae

309. Apply as a soil drench to control root weevil larvae in soil.
Do not apply if a Group 4 insecticide was applied to soil or foliage
in the current year.
New growth after renovation (late July to early August)

Strawberry aphids
Two-spotted spider
mite
136
Cygon 480-AG (1)

or Lagon 480 E (1)
2.25 L/ha
2.25 L/ha

Assail 70 WP (4)
175 mL/ha
5686 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
Agri-Mek SC (6)
225 mL/ha
Nexter (21)
600 g/ha
880 mL/ha
Nealta (25)
1 L/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Monitor for aphids and apply to foliage when populations build

up again after mowing.
Admire, Assail: Also control leafhoppers. Do not make a foliar
application following a soil application of a Group 4 insecticide.
Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or residues on
blooming crops and weeds. Refer to label for specific bee toxicity
statements.
See Table 420. Miticides Registered on Strawberries, page 149,
for details on timing. Use high water volumes to ensure good
coverage of the underside of leaves.
1,000 L water (0.1%0.5% v/v).
page 289.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Powdery mildew
Cueva (M)
Fullback 125 SC (3)

Mettle 125 ME (3)
Nova (3)
5121024 mL/ha
219365 mL/ha
340 g/ha
Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
250333 mL/ha
1.6 kg/ha
Flint (11)
140 g/ha
Quintec (13)
300440 mL/ha
1.02.5 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
2.0 L/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
Fracture (NC)
Oil 13 E (NC)
Tivano (NC)
425 g/ha
1.53.3 L/ha
10 L/1,000 L water
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.125%0.25% v/v in
5001,000 L water/ha

is severe.
(0.25% v/v).
for control.
Double Nickel, Timorex Gold, Actinovate, Fracture, Tivano,
Regalia Maxx: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309, and Using Organic and Biopesticide Products,
page 280.
page 289.
1.2 L/ha
White grubs
1624 L/ha
For reduction in numbers of larvae of European chafer and

Japanese beetle. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page
309. Apply to soil, before mulch is applied. Apply just prior
to egg hatch (shortly after adults are active) to control young
larvae. Do not use both soil and foliar applications of Group 4
insecticides in the same year. This product is highly toxic to bees
exposed to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops and
weeds. Refer to label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Mid-August and again once or twice

Strawberry aphids
This is a critical time for aphid control. Populations tend to build up unnoticed at this time. Check new growth and continue
an aphid control program if aphids are present. Use one of the products listed for aphids at New growth after renovation
(late July to early August). Do not exceed the maximum applications per season for each product.
Powdery mildew
Use one of the fungicides for powdery mildew at New growth after renovation.
Angular leaf spot
Tivano (NC)
1624 L/ha

309. Mix in 200 L water per ha to obtain an 8%12% solution.
Multiple applications at 710-day intervals are required for
control. See Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Common leaf spot

Copper 53 W (M)
4.25 kg/ha
4.25 kg/ha
3.8 kg/ha
Ensure thorough coverage of the lower leaf surface. Spray

susceptible varieties such as Jewel, Mira, Kent, Veestar, and
MicMac.
Copper: Best if used alone. See Table 92. Copper Products Used
on Fruit Crops, page 295.
Black root rot
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Tilt 250 E (3)

or Jade (3)
500 mL/ha
500 mL/ha
300 mL/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
Use one of the fungicides for black root rot at When new growth appears.
137
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Slugs
Sluggo Professional (NC)
25 kg/ha
Apply 50 kg/ha if population is very high. Apply in late summer

and early fall to supress populations for next spring. Reapply
as bait is consumed or at least every 2 weeks if slugs and snails
continue to be a problem.
Botrytis grey mould
Bravo ZN (M)
or Echo 90 DF (M)
3.5 L/ha
1.9 kg/ha
Bravo, Echo: Control this disease by reducing inoculum. Apply in

late October.
Red stele
1 L/ha
Aliette (33)
5.6 kg/ha
This disease is sporadic and favoured by wet or compacted

soil, and susceptible varieties (Table 422. Strawberry Variety
Disease Ratings, page 151). Spray only where red stele has been
observed or a high-risk situation occurs.
Ridomil: Do not apply later than October 31. Apply in sufficient
water (2,500 L/ha) to ensure movement into the root zone.
Aliette: Maximum of 4 applications per season: 2 in spring and
2 in fall. Apply in spring when plants start active growth. Apply
at 3060-day intervals. Make postharvest applications when soil
conditions favour disease development (e.g., high soil moisture
and cool soil temperatures).
Fall
138
4. Berry Crops

For preharvest intervals, re-entry period, and maximum number of applications, see Table 418. Products Used on
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
use extreme caution when applying insecticides to strawberries during bloomdo not apply them while bees are active.
Before and after bloom, bees may still be present on flowering cover crops and weedsdo not allow drift of insecticides onto
these or other flowering crops. Always follow label precautions regarding avoiding impacts on bees. For more information,
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
1.1 L/ha
or 6 mL/100 m of row
Scholar 230 SC (12)
1.2 L/ha
or 6.5 mL/100 m of row

Efficacy Ratings, page 309. For plasticulture systems, apply
through drip irrigation system. See label for details and rates.
New growth (early spring) or at planting

Black root rot
When flower buds extend from the crown late April, early May (established plantings planted previous year)
Strawberry clipper
weevil
Mako (3)
Matador 120 EC (3)
175 mL/ha
280 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
Strawberry clipper weevil is rarely a problem in first-year

plantings. Check for clipped buds in overwintered plantings,
especially near woods, bush, or under floating row covers. Apply
an insecticide when the threshold is reached. For thresholds and
Strawberry aphids
Cygon 480-AG (1)

or Lagon 480 E (1)
or Alias 240 SC (4)
Assail 70 WP (4)
2.25 L/ha
2.25 L/ha
850 mL1.3 L/ha
850 mL1.3 L/ha
5686 g/ha
120160 g/ha
Apply Admire or Alias as a soil drench when new growth begins

in the spring, or apply one of the other products when aphids
start to build up but before winged aphids appear.
Admire, Alias, Assail: Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment or to residues on blooming crops and weeds. Read the
specific bee toxicity statements on the label.
Admire, Alias: Apply as a soil drench with sufficient water to
ensure incorporation into the root zone.
Admire: Use 7.512 mL/100 m of row in 2,000 L/ha of water as a
surface band directly to the plant row. Rate is approx. 850 mL1.3
L/ha, but depends on row spacing. See label for conversions.
Assail: Apply as a foliar spray. Use a 7-day interval between
sprays. Under heavy pressure, use the high rate.
Do not use both soil and foliar applications of Group 4
insecticides in the same year.
Beleaf: May also provide suppression of tarnished plant bug
when used at the high rate.
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
139
Day-neutral Strawberry CalenDar
Day-neutral Strawberry Calendar
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Two-spotted spider
mite
Agri-Mek SC (6)
225 mL/ha
Apollo SC (10)
500 mL/ha
880 mL/ha
Nealta (25)
1 L/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water
Occasionally two-spotted spider mites are a problem early in

the season, especially where row covers are used. Overwintering
TSSM are bright orange. Do not spray for this stage. Wait for
this generation to lay eggs. Good spray coverage of both upper
and lower leaf surfaces is needed for control. Use adequate
water volume for complete coverage. See Table 420. Miticides
Registered on Strawberries, page 149, for details on timing.
1,000 L water (0.1%0.5% v/v).
Lagon or sulphur products. Do not apply within 48 hours of
Oil, page 289.
Cygon 480-AG (1)
2.75 L/ha
Clutch 50 WDG (4)
448 g/ha
Tarnished plant bug

(adults)
Both products are very toxic to bees. Do not apply during bloom
or when bees are active.
Bloom
INSECTICIDES MAY BE VERY TOXIC TO BEES. DO NOT SPRAY WHEN BEES ARE ACTIVE. SPRAY IN THE EVENING.
Strawberry aphids
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
120160 g/ha
May also provide suppression of tarnished plant bug when used

at the high rate.
2.0 kg/ha
Decis 5 EC (3)
Mako (3)
Matador 120 EC (3)
200 mL/ha
250 mL/ha
400 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
104 mL/ha
Assail 70 WP (4)
84210 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
200 g/ha
Rimon 10 EC (15)
835 mL/ha
Do not spray when bees are active. Refer to label for specific bee
toxicity statements.
Shake blossom clusters and fruit trusses over a shallow dish.
Watch for soft-bodied green insects that move quickly to escape.
For thresholds and monitoring details, see ontario.ca/cropipm.
In established plantings that were overwintered, check as soon
as row covers are removed (early May) and continue at weekly
intervals when bloom and green fruit are present.
In new plantings, remove blossom clusters until plants are
well-established (68 new leaves). Subsequent bloom in new
plantings typically coincides with the second generation of
tarnished plant bug (early July). Pressure is high at this time and
damage can occur quickly.
December 31, 2016.
Decis, Mako, Up-Cyde, Matador, Silencer: These products,
except Decis, also control clipper weevil. Products from this
group may lead to mite or thrips outbreaks.
Assail, Rimon: In order to meet restrictions limiting the
number of applications, most growers will reserve the use of
Rimon and Assail until closer to harvest.
Assail: Use a 7-day interval between sprays. Works best on
small nymphs in early instars. Use the high rate under heavy pest
pressure and older nymphs (3rd5th instar).
Reapply in 1014 days. May be toxic to bee colonies exposed to
direct treatment, drift or residues on flowering crops or weeds.
Avoid applying this product to flowering crops or weeds if bees
are visiting the treatment area.
140
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Botrytis grey mould

Folpan 80 WDG (M)
Granuflo T (M)
or Thiram 75 WP (M)
4.25 kg/ha
4.25 kg/ha
2.5 kg/ha
2.252.5 kg/1,000 L water
2.252.5 kg/1,000 L water
Senator 70 WP (1)
1.1 kg/ha
Rovral WDG (2)
2 kg/ha
Cantus WDG (7)

Fontelis (7)
Kenja 400 SC (7)
Sercadis (7)
Pristine WG (7+11)
560 g/ha
1.01.75 L/ha
1.01.24 L/ha
500666 mL/ha
1.31.6 kg/ha
Scala SC (9)
Switch 62.5 WG (9+12)
2 L/ha
975 g/ha
Elevate 50 WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha

Serenade OPTI (44)
1.02.5 kg/ha
1.73.3 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
1.5-2.0 L/ha
Ensure good spray coverage to keep all flower parts protected

with fungicide during bloom. Typically 710-day intervals during
bloom will give good control. Use shorter spray intervals (e.g.,
57 days) during wet weather.
Granuflo T, Thiram: Use up to 2,000 L water per ha.
Fontelis: Contains mineral oil in the formulation. Tank-mixing
or rotating with oil-sensitive products (e.g., captan, sulphur)
could cause crop safety issues. Read and follow all label
restrictions regarding tank-mixes with this product.
Ratings, page 309.
Double Nickel, Serenade OPTI, Regalia Maxx, Actinovate,
Fracture: Suppression only. See Table 111. Pesticide Efficacy
Ratings, page 309. For best results, use multiple applications
or in rotation with other products. See Using Organic and
Regalia Maxx: Use 2.5 L in 1,000 L water.
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.25% v/v in 5001,000 L

water/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
Fracture (NC)
425 g/ha
1.53.3 L/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Cabrio EG (11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
1 kg/ha
Warm wet weather during bloom favours disease development.

Actinovate: May reduce symptoms but does not provide
control or suppression of anthracnose.
Actinovate SP (NC)
425 g/ha
Angular leaf spot
Tivano (NC)
1624 L/ha

309. Mix in 200 L water per ha to obtain an 8%12% solution.
Multiple applications at 710-day intervals are required for
control. See Using Organic and Biopesticide Products, page 280.
Powdery mildew
Cueva (M)
Fullback 125 SC (3)

Mettle 125 ME (3)
Nova (3)
5121024 mL/ha
219365 mL/ha
340 g/ha
Sercadis (7)
250333 mL/ha
Pristine WG (7+11)
Flint (11)
1.6 kg/ha
140 g/ha
Quintec (13)
300440 mL/ha
1.02.5 kg/ha
Timorex Gold (46)
2.0 L/ha
Actinovate SP (NC)
Fracture (NC)
Oil 13 E (NC)
Tivano (NC)
425 g/ha
1.53.3 L/ha
10 L/1,000 L water
Regalia Maxx (P5)
0.125%0.25% v/v in
5001,000 L water/ha

is severe.
(0.25% v/v).
for control.
Purespray Green: Use a 1% solution. Use enough spray
volume to ensure thorough crop coverage. Summer oils can
cause crop injury. Tolerance has not been determined for all
varieties. Test a small area first. Do not apply within 14 days of
Bravo, Echo, Captan, Maestro, Folpan, Cygon, Lagon, or sulphur
products. Do not apply within 48 hours of freezing temperatures,
when temperatures are high (above 25C), to crops under
moisture stress, or just prior to rain. See Using Organic and
Biopesticide Products, page 280, and Mineral Oil, page 289.
Double Nickel, Timorex, Actinovate, Fracture, Purespray
Green, Tivano, Regalia Maxx: Suppression only. See Table
111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309, and Using Organic and
1624 L/ha
141
Disease or Insect
Disease or Insect
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Agri-Mek SC (6)
225 mL/ha
Apollo SC (10)
500 mL/ha
Nexter (21)
600 g/ha
880 mL/ha
Nealta (25)
1 L/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water

Agri-Mek, Nexter: Toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment,
drift or residues on blooming plants.
1,000 L water (0.1%0.5% v/v).
Oil, page 289.
Bloom and green fruit

Two-spotted spider
mite
Tarnished plant bug
Continue to monitor for tarnished plant bug. If thresholds are reached, choose an insecticide listed at Bloom for this
pest, but check the preharvest interval. Late May and early July are periods of peak activity for tarnished plant bugs, but
populations vary due to the use of row covers, crop management, weed species in the field, nearby alfalfa and clover
crops, and insecticides applied for other pests. Weekly monitoring is important.
Bloom, green fruit and harvest (June, July, August)

Spotted wing
drosophila
Success (5)
or Entrust (5)
Delegate (5)
145182 mL/ha
292364 mL/ha
280 g/ha

inserts eggs into strawberry fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
to premature breakdown. Populations build up in late summer,
putting day-neutral strawberries at risk. Frequent picking, burial
of grade-out fruit, and general sanitation are very important to
prevent problems with SWD. Emergency use registration of other
products is expected. Alternate with products from different
groups. Check ontario.ca/spottedwing for updates on pest
for control.
Assail 70 WP (4)
84210 g/ha
Beleaf 50 SG (9)
200 g/ha
Rimon 10 EC (15)
835 mL/ha
These products have short preharvest intervals and can be used

during harvest. Do not apply during bloom or when bees are
active. Refer to label for specific bee toxicity statements.
Shake blossom clusters and fruit trusses over a shallow dish.
Watch for soft-bodied green insects that move quickly to escape.
For thresholds and monitoring details, see ontario.ca/cropipm.
Assail: Works best on small nymphs in early instars. Use the
high rate under heavy pest pressure and older nymphs
(3rd5th instar).
high levels. Beleaf will stop insect feeding rapidly but it may take
Reapply in 1014 days. May be toxic to bee colonies exposed to
direct treatment, drift or residues on flowering crops or weeds.
Delegate (5)
280 g/ha
Thrips
142

309. Check blossoms and under calyces for small thread-like
yellow thrips. This product is toxic to bees exposed to direct
treatment, drift or residues on blooming plants.
4. Berry Crops
Product (Group)
Rate
Comments
Two-spotted spider
mite
880 mL/ha
Nealta (25)
1 L/ha

Oil 13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L water

Oil, page 289.
Potato leafhopper
Malathion 85 E (1)
975 mL/ha
Angular leaf spot

(suppression)
Use one of the products listed for angular leaf spot at Bloom.
Botrytis grey mould
Use one of the products listed for botrytis at Bloom.
Use one of the products listed for anthracnose at Bloom.
Powdery mildew
This is an important time for mildew control. Use one of the products listed for mildew at Bloom.
Toxic to bees. Do not apply this product to flowering crops or

weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.
Check leaf edges for yellowing and check the lower leaf
surface for small, rapidly moving bright green nymphs. Potato
leafhoppers have many hosts and often build up in strawberry
fields after the first few cuts of local hay. Albion is especially
susceptible to leafhoppers.
Bloom, green fruit and harvest (September)

Spotted wing
drosophila
Use one of the products listed for spotted wing drosophila at Bloom, green fruit and harvest (June, July, August).
Tarnished plant bug
Continue to monitor for tarnished plant bug. If thresholds are reached in early September, use one of the products listed
for tarnished plant bug at Bloom, green fruit and harvest (June, July, August).
Powdery mildew
This is an important time for mildew control. Use one of the products listed for mildew at Bloom.
Slugs
Sluggo Professional
(NC)
Botrytis grey mould
Use one of the products listed for botrytis at Bloom.
Angular leaf spot
Use one of the products listed for angular leaf spot at Bloom.
Black root rot
Use one of the products listed for black root rot at New growth (early spring).
25 kg/ha
Apply 50 kg/ha if population is very high. Reapply as bait is

consumed or at least every 2 weeks if slugs and snails continue to
be a problem.
143
Disease or Insect
Strawberry NoteS
Table 418. Products Used on Strawberries

Use this as a guide but refer to product label for specific information.
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Maximum number
of applications
per season
Group
Preharvest interval
Minimum
re-entry
3 days1
12 hours
22/13
24 hours
24/15

Actara 25 WG
28408
thiamethoxam
days4/30
days5
Admire 240 Flowable
24094
imidacloprid
Agri-Mek SC
31607
abamectin
3 days
12 hours
Alias 240 SC
28475
imidacloprid
30 days
24 hours
15
Altacor
28981
chlorantraniliprole
28
1 day
12 hours
3 (max 645 g/ha)
Apollo SC
21035
clofentezine
10
15 days
12 hours
Assail 70 WP
27128
acetamiprid
1 day
12 hours
Beleaf 50 SG
29796
flonicamid
0 days
12 hours
Bioprotec CAF
26854
11
0 days
12 hours
Clutch 50 WDG
29382
clothianidin
4A
1 day
12 hours
Cygon 480-AG
25651
dimethoate
1B
7 days
12 hours
Decis 5 EC
22478
deltamethrin
14 days
12 hours
Delegate
28778
spinetoram
1 day
12 hours
Dipel 2X DF
26508
11
0 days
12 hours
Entrust
30382
spinosad
1 day
12 hours
Lagon 480 E
9382
dimethoate
1B
7 days
12 hours
2/36
Mako
30316
cypermethrin
7 days
12 hours
Malathion 85 E
8372
malathion
1B
3 days
12 hours
Matador 120 EC
24984
lambda-cyhalothrin
7 days
24 hours
Nealta
31284
cyflumetofen
25
1 day
12 hours
Nexter
25135
pyridaben
21
10 days
24 hours
Oberon Flowable
28905
spiromesifen
23
3 days
12 hours
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
Pyrinex 480 EC
23705
chlorpyrifos
1B
20 days
24 hours
Rimon 10 EC
28881
novaluron
15
1 day
12 hours
Silencer 120 EC
29052
lambda-cyhalothrin
7 days
24 hours
Sluggo Professional
30025
ferric phosphate
NC
12 hours
Success
26835
spinosad
1 day
when dry
M = Multi-site fungicides. NC = Not classified by FRAC/IRAC, or group not indicated on product label. P = Plant extract.
= Information is not specified on the product label.
Apply postharvest only for larva.
Preharvest application.
3 Postharvest application.
4 Foliar application.
5 Soil application.
6 Maximum 2 applications for tarnished plant bug or 3 applications for aphids.
7 Thionex registration expires December 2016. Do not apply this product in 2017.
8 Scouting, weeding, irrigation and mulching.
9 General re-entry.
11 Training, pinching, hand pruning and hand harvest.
12 Maximum 2 applications per year for maximum 2 years (max.4 applications per crop).
1
2
144
4. Berry Crops
Preharvest interval
Minimum
re-entry
Maximum number
of applications
per season
NC
1 day
12 hours
2A
12 days
7 days8/
12 days9
cypermethrin
7 days
12 hours
chlorpyrifos
1B
20 days
24 hours
Product name
Registration
number
Common name
Group
Surround WP
27469
kaolin
Thionex 50 W WSP7
29990
endosulfan
Up-Cyde 2.5 EC
28795
Warhawk 480 EC
29984

Actinovate SP
28672
Streptomyces lydicus
NC
1 hour
Aliette
27688
fosetyl al
33
30 days
when dry
Bravo ZN
28900
chlorothalonil
30 days
48 hours
Bumper 418 EC
28017
propiconazole
1 day
12 hours
Cabrio EG
27323
pyraclostrobin
11
1 day
12 hours
Cantus WDG
30141
boscalid
0 days
12 hours
Supra Captan 80 WDG
24613
captan
2 days
48 hours
Confine Extra
30648
phosphorous acid, monoand di-potassium salts of
33
1 day
12 hours
Copper 53 W
9934
tri-basic copper sulphate
2 days
48 hours
Cueva
31825
copper octanoate
1 day
4 hours
Double Nickel 55
31888
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
44
when dry
Echo 90 DF
29356
chlorothalonil
30 days
48 hours
Elevate 50 WDG
25900
fenhexamid
17
1 day
4 hours
Flint
30619
trifloxystrobin
11
0 days
12 hours
Folpan 80 WDG
27733
folpet
1 day
24 hours
Fontelis
30331
penthiopyrad
0 days
12 hours
3 (max. 5.25 L/ha)
Fracture
31782
BLAD polypeptide
NC
0 days
12 hours
Fullback 125 SC
31679
flutriafol
8 days
12 hours
max. 2.05 L/ha
Granuflo T
30548
thiram
3 days
24 hours
Jade
24030
propiconazole
1 day
12 hours
Kenja 400 SC
31758
isofetamid
0 days
12 hours
Maestro 80 DF
26408
captan
2 days
48 hours
Mettle 125 ME
30673
tetraconazole
0 days
12 hours
hours10
MustGrow
30263
oriental mustard seed meal
NC
24
Nova
22399
myclobutanil
3 days
12 hours8,9/
2 days11
1
6
5 Soil application.
9 General re-entry.
1
2
145
Strawberry NoteS
Table 418. Products Used on Strawberries (contd)
Strawberry NoteS
Table 418. Products Used on Strawberries (contd)
Product name
Registration
number
Phostrol
Maximum number
of applications
per season
Common name
Group
Preharvest interval
Minimum
re-entry
30449
mono and dibasic sodium,

potassium and ammonium
phosphites
33
3 days
12 hours
Pristine WG
27985
boscalid + pyraclostrobin
7+11
1 day
when dry9/
24 hours11
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
27666
mineral oil
NC
12 hours
Quadris Flowable
26153
azoxystrobin
11
1 day
12 hours
Quintec
29755
quinoxyfen
13
1 day
12 hours
Regalia Maxx
30199
extract of Reynoutria
sachalinensis
P5
0 days
when dry
Ridomil Gold 480 SL
28474
metalaxyl-M and S
postharvest
Rovral WDG
24709
iprodione
1 day
12 hours
Scala SC
28011
pyrimethanil
1 day
12 hours
Scholar 230 SC
29528
fludioxonil
12
1 day
12 hours
212
(max 2.4 L/ha)
Senator 70 WP
25343
thiophanate-methyl
1 day
12 hours
Sercadis
31697
fluxapyroxad
0 days
12 hours
Serenade OPTI
31666
Bacillus subtilis
44
0 days
when dry
Switch 62.5 WG
28189
9+12
1 day
12 hours
Thiram 75 WP
27556
thiram
3 days
12 hours
Tilt 250 E
19346
propiconazole
1 day
12 hours
Timorex Gold
30910
tea tree oil
46
2 days
4 hours
Tivano
30468
citric acid + lactic acid
NC
when dry
prohexadione calcium
NC
21 days
12 hours
Plant growth regulators

Apogee
28042
5 Soil application.
9 General re-entry.
1
2
146
4. Berry Crops
For information on the activity of fungicides on strawberry diseases, see Table 419. Activity of Fungicides on Strawberry
Diseases, on this page. For information on miticides registered on strawberries, see Table 420. Miticides Registered on
For information on the activity of insecticides on strawberry pests, see Table 421. Activity of Insecticides on Strawberry
Pests and Bees, page 150. For information on the response of different strawberry varieties to diseases, see Table 422.
Strawberry Variety Disease Ratings, page 151.
Table 419. Activity of Fungicides on Strawberry Diseases
Leather rot
Leaf scorch
Phomopsis leaf
blight and fruit rot
1P
1P
1 *P
1P
1P
1P
2*
2*
3*
1 to 2
2*
2*
3*
2*
3*
2*
2*
Copper 53 W
2P
1P
Cueva
Echo 90 DF
Folpan 80 WDG
Granuflo T
Maestro 80 DF
Supra Captan 80
WDG
Thiram 75 WP
Senator 70 WP
Red stele root rot
Common leaf spot

1
Bravo ZN
Powdery mildew
Black root rot
Phytophthora
crown rot
Botrytis grey mould

2*
Product
Anthracnose
(C. acutatum)
Fungicide
group
Angular leaf spot
Anthracnose
(C. gloeosporioides)
Please see the product label or crop calendars for registered uses. Use fungicides only for diseases listed on the product label for the crop and for
the disease. The information provided in this table is intended to assist the grower in choosing the best fungicide for control of pests listed on the
product label, while managing resistance and avoiding unnecessary sprays for non-target pests. Efficacy can be affected by rate of the product.
1P
2*
1 to 2
1 to 2
0 to 1
*R
Rovral WDG
3*R
Bumper 418 EC
3*
Fullback 125 SC
3*
Jade
3*
Mettle 125 ME
3*
Nova
3*
Tilt 250 E
3*
Ridomil Gold SL
2 to 3
2 to 3 *
Cantus WDG
3*
Fontelis
3*
Kenja 400 SC
3*
Sercadis
1*
3*
7+11
Pristine WG
3*
3*
3*
3*
Scala SC
3*
P = May be phytotoxic. R = Pathogen resistance to the fungicide has occurred in some locations.
* (shaded area) = Disease is listed on the product label for control or suppression. = No information is available.
147
Strawberry NoteS
Notes on Strawberry Diseases and Insects
Fungicide
group
Product
Anthracnose
(C. acutatum)
Anthracnose
(C. gloeosporioides)
Botrytis grey mould
Black root rot
Common leaf spot
Leather rot
Leaf scorch
Phomopsis leaf
blight and fruit rot
Phytophthora
crown rot
Powdery mildew
Red stele root rot
Table 419. Activity of Fungicides on Strawberry Diseases (contd)

Angular leaf spot
Strawberry NoteS
9+12
Switch 62.5 WG
3*
11
Cabrio EG
3*
1 to 2
11
Flint
3*
11
Quadris Flowable
2*
12
Scholar 230 SC
2*
13
Quintec
3*
17
Elevate 50 WDG
3*
33
Aliette
2*
33
Confine Extra
2*
33
Phostrol
2*
44
Double Nickel 55
1*
2*
44
Serenade OPTI
1*
NC
Actinovate SP
1*
1*
1*
NC
Fracture
1*
1*
NC
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
2*
NC
Tivano
1*
1*
P5
Regalia Maxx
1*
1*
P = May be phytotoxic. R = Pathogen resistance to the fungicide has occurred in some locations.
* (shaded area) = Disease is listed on the product label for control or suppression. = No information is available.
148
4. Berry Crops
Miticide
Mite species controlled
Stage of mite
controlled
Timing and comments
Preharvest
interval
Agri-Mek SC
two-spotted spider mite,

cyclamen mite
adults, nymphs
Apply to active mites (adults or nymphs). Agri-Mek is translaminar

(locally systemic). It is absorbed best by new, expanding leaves,
and less effective late in the season when foliage is hardened. It is
registered for both cyclamen mite and two-spotted spider mite.
Do not use with surfactants or oil.
3 days
Apollo SC
two-spotted spider mite
eggs, very
young nymphs
Apply when most mites are in the egg stage. This miticide works
best if applied early in the season, when generations tend to be
most synchronous.
15 days
Nexter
adults, nymphs
Nexter is a contact miticide providing rapid knock-down of adults

and nymphs.
10 days
Oberon
Flowable
eggs, adults,
nymphs
Oberon is a slow-acting miticide which prevents eggs from

hatching and nymphs from moulting to the next stage. Best used
when mites are young.
3 days
Nealta
all life stages as

mite population
builds,
before damage
is observed
intermediate activity1
1 day
Purespray
Green Spray
Oil 13 E
spider mites
eggs, nymphs,
adults
Mineral oil acts as a miticide by suffocating mites and mite eggs

on contact. Excellent coverage is needed for control, because
there is no residual control from this product.
knockdown may be enhanced by increased coverage
149
Strawberry NoteS
Table 420. Miticides Registered on Strawberries
Table 421. Activity of Insecticides on Strawberry Pests and Bees
NA
1B
Lagon 480 E
3*
3*
NA
1B
Malathion 85 E
1*
1B
Pyrinex 480 EC
3*
1B
Warhawk 480 EC
3*
2A
Thionex 50 W
3*
3*
Decis 5 EC
3*
Mako
3*
3*
Matador 120 EC
3*
3*
Silencer 120 EC
3*
3*
Up-Cyde 2.5 EC
3*
3*
Actara 25 WG
Admire 240
Flowable
3*
Alias 240 SC
3*
Assail 70 WP
3*
Clutch 50 WDG
Delegate
Entrust
Honeybees
Spotted wing
drosophila
Flower thrips
3*
Spittle bugs
Root weevil
adults
Cyclamen mites
Strawberry cutworm
(crown borer)
3*
Two-spotted
spider mites
Tarnished
plant bugs
Cygon 480-AG
Potato leafhoppers
Clipper weevils
1B
Leafrollers
Insecticide/
Miticide
Aphids
Use products only for pests listed on the label for the crop and for the pest. The information provided in this table is based on information from other
areas. It is intended to assist the grower in choosing the best insecticide for control of pests listed on the product label, while managing resistance
and avoiding unnecessary sprays for non-target pests. Efficacy can be affected by rate of the product.
Group
Strawberry NoteS
0*
NA
HT
0*
NA
HT
2*
2*
HT
NA
HT
NA
HT
3*
2*
MT
HT
2*
HT
2*
2*
HT
2*
2*
HT
2*
HT
2*
HT
3*
HT
HT
2*
3*
MT
2*
HT
2*
HT
3*
HT
Success
3*
HT
Agri-Mek SC
3*
2*
HT
Beleaf 50 SG
3*
2*
10
Apollo SC
3*
11
Bioprotec CAF
2*
11
Dipel 2X DF
2*
15
Rimon 10 EC
3*
MT1
21
Nexter
3*
HT
23
Oberon Flowable
3*
28
Altacor
3*
NC
Purespray Green
Spray Oil 13 E
1*
1*
NC
Surround WP
NA
2*
0 = No control. 1 = Poor to fair control. 2 = Good control, some limitations. 3 = Excellent control, few if any limitations. NA = Not used at the timing for this pest.
* (shaded area) = Pests are listed on the product label for control or suppression. = No information is available.
Bee toxicity: HT = Highly toxic. MT = Moderately toxic. S = Relatively safe or non-toxic. I = Irritant.
Rimon may be toxic to bee colonies exposed to direct treatment, drift or residues on flowering crops or weeds. Avoid spraying if bees are visiting the treatment area.
150
4. Berry Crops
Leaf spot*
Leaf scorch1
Powdery
mildew
Verticillium
Red stele2 *
Bacterial
angular
leaf spot3
Black root rot
Anthracnose
fruit rot
Albion
MR
MR
MR
Allstar
MR
MR
MR
MR
HS
Annapolis
MR
MR
MR
HS
Brunswick
MR
MR
MR
MR
MR
Cabot
MR
MR
MR
Cavendish
MR
MR
MR
HS
MR
Evangeline
MR
MR
MR
Gov. Simcoe
MR
MR
HS
MR
HS
Honeoye
MR
MR
MR
MR
HS
HS
Jewel
MR
MR
MR
HS
HS
Kent
HS
HS
MR
HS
HS
LAmour
MR
MR
MR
Botrytis
grey mould
Variety
Mira
HS
MR
Mohawk
MR
MR
MR
MR
MR
MR
Sable
HS
St. Pierre
MR
MR
Sapphire
MR
MR
Seascape
HS
Serenity
MR
MR
Sparkle
MR
MR
MR
HR
Summer Dawn (V151)
HS
Summer Rose (R14)
Summer Ruby (2V55)
Summer Evening
(108Y79)
Tribute
MR
MR
MR
MR
Tristar
MR
MR
MR
MR
MR
Valley Sunset
Wendy
MR
MR
MR
MR
HS
HR Highly Resistant; R Resistant; MR Moderately Resistant; S Susceptible; HS Highly Susceptible.

l = Information is unavailable.
* Race dependent.
1 Leaf scorch ratings according to Xue, Sutton, Dale, and Sullivan 1996, for some cultivars.
2 Red stele ratings from Dr. N. Nickerson and Dr. A. Jamieson, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia.
3 P.D. Hildebrand, P.G. Braun et. al., Can. J. Plant. Pathol. 27:1624 (2005) and field observation.
151
Strawberry NoteS
Table 422. Strawberry Variety Disease Ratings
Strawberry NoteS
Use of Apogee for runner suppression in

strawberries
Apogee is a plant hormone regulator used to control
pests in pome fruits, modify the morphology of
trees and nursery transplants, and to control runner
production in strawberries. Strawberry plants treated
with Apogee have significantly shorter runners than
untreated plants.
The active ingredient in Apogee is prohexadionecalcium, which inhibits the biosynthesis of gibberellin,
a plant hormone responsible for cell elongation. By
reducing this hormone, plant morphology changes.
The effects of Apogee last for two to three weeks after
application. Afterward, the plant produces gibberellin
normally and typical growth continues.
Apogee is most useful where strawberries are grown on
raised beds covered in plastic mulch and where runners
are not needed to increase plant density.
Application Timing
Apply prior to the beginning of runner initiation.
Make subsequent applications at 1421-day intervals,
up to a maximum of 3 applications per season, if
required.
In day-neutral production systems, plant as early as
possible in spring, and apply Apogee after the first
flower trusses are removed but before runners develop.
In June-bearing varieties grown on plastic mulch, use
Apogee after planting in the year before harvest.
Avoid use of Apogee when buds or blooms are present.
Apogee can reduce flower truss length and make
harvest more difficult.
Do not apply later than 21 days prior to harvest.
Apogee Rate
45 g/100 L water (Do not exceed 135 g/ha of Apogee.)
Use adequate water to insure thorough coverage.
Always tank-mix Apogee with Agral 90 at a rate of
50 mL/100 L of water. Agral 90 improves uptake of
Apogee into the plant.
Always tank-mix Apogee with an equal amount of
ammonium sulphate by weight. Ammonium sulphate
(AMS) can improve efficacy as Apogee is impacted
152
by hard water. Use a high-quality, greenhouse grade

AMS to avoid plugging of nozzles.
Do not tank-mix Apogee with calcium sprays
like calcium chloride, which will reduce Apogees
effectiveness.
Apogee is a new tool for Ontario growers. Test Apogee
on a small scale and leave untreated checks in order
to evaluate the effectiveness on different varieties and
production systems.
4. Berry Crops
The bushberry crop subgroup includes specialty berry crops such as elderberry (Sambucus sp.), edible honeysuckle/haskap
(Lonicera caerula), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), aronia/chokeberry (Aronia spp.), highbush cranberry (Viburnum
opulus), jostaberry (Ribes x nidigrolaria), and lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-ideaa). In most cases, products registered for
the bushberry crop subgroup (13-07B) can be used on these crops. See Table 423. Product Registrations on Speciality
Bushberries, on this page. Some bushberry products cannot be used on all specialty berries refer to the notes section of
Table 423 for crop restrictions for each product.
Table 424. Pest Management Products for Specialty Bushberries, page 155, provides information on crop registrations by
pest. Each of these crops has a different pest complex and may not be susceptible to all of the pests listed in Table 424.
Scout for insects and diseases, and apply controls as needed. Other berries are included in the bushberry crop subgroup
(see Appendix C, Crop Groupings for Pesticide Registrations in Canada, page 337). However, not all the products listed in
Table 424 can be applied to all of these crops or for all of the pests. Always refer to product labels to confirm whether
they are registered on the specialty crop of interest. Read the product label and follow all safety precautions.
others (U or UN).
Bee Toxicity
management to avoid negative effects on pollinators. Some insecticides cannot be applied prior to or during bloom. Other
insecticides should not be applied when bees are active and should be used with extreme caution if applied to berry crops
during bloom. Before and after bloom, bees may still be present on flowering cover crops and weedsdo not allow drift of
insecticides onto these or other flowering crops. Always follow label precautions to avoid impacts on bees. For more information,
Table 423. Product Registrations on Specialty Bushberries
Sea buckthorn
(Hippophae
rhamnoides)
Lingonberry
(Vaccinium
vitis-ideaa)
Jostaberry
(Ribes x
nidigrolaria)
Haskap/Edible
honeysuckle
(Lonicera caerula)
Highbush
cranberry
(Viburnum opulus)
Aronia berry
(Aronia spp.)
Elderberry
(Sambucus spp.)
Product
Registration
Number
Note: For product registrations on blueberries, currants, gooseberries and saskatoon berries, refer to the calendars in this chapter. Read the product
label to confirm registration on bushberry crops.

Actara 25 WG
28408
Admire 240 Flowable
24094
NR
NR
Altacor
28981
Assail 70 WP
27128
Bioprotec CAF
26854
Confirm
24503
Delegate
28778
NR
NR
= Product is registered for use on this berry crop. Refer to Table 424, Pest Management Products for Specialty Bushberries, page 155, for labelled pests, rates and
other information.
NR = Product is not registered for use on this berry crop.
153
specialty BuShBerrieS
Specialty
bushberries
Specialty Bushberries
Sea buckthorn
(Hippophae
rhamnoides)
Lingonberry
(Vaccinium
vitis-ideaa)
Jostaberry
(Ribes x
nidigrolaria)
26508
Haskap/Edible
honeysuckle
(Lonicera caerula)
Aronia berry
(Aronia spp.)
Dipel 2X DF
Highbush
cranberry
(Viburnum opulus)
Product
Elderberry
(Sambucus spp.)
Table 423. Product Registrations on Specialty Bushberries (contd)
Registration
Number
specialty bushberries
Entrust
30382
Exirel
30895
Intrepid
27786
Movento 240 SC
28953
Purespray Green Spray Oil 13 E
27666
Success
26835

Allegro 500 F
27517
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Cantus WDG
30141
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Elevate 50 WDG
25900
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
14653
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Pristine WG
27985
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Proline
28359
Quash
30402
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Sercadis
31697
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Serenade OPTI
31666
NR
NR
NR
NR
Switch 62.5 WG
28189
= Product is registered for use on this berry crop. Refer to Table 424, Pest Management Products for Specialty Bushberries, page 155, for labelled pests, rates and
other information.
NR = Product is not registered for use on this berry crop.
154
4. Berry Crops
Aphids
Product
(Group)
Rate
Max. number
applications per
season (on label)
Common
name
Minimum
re-entry
Disease
or Insect
Preharvest
interval
Products listed in this table are not necessarily registered on all specialty bushberries. Refer to Table 423. Product Registrations on Specialty
Bushberries, page 153, or check the product label for labelled crops.
Comments
acetamiprid
Assail 70 WP (4)
5686 g/ha
7 days
12
48 hours2
imidacloprid
Admire 240
Flowable (4)
175 mL/ha
3
days3/
14
days4
24 hours
23/14
spirotetramat
Movento 240
SC (23)
220365
mL/ha
7 days
12 hours
max. 1.8
L/ha
mineral oil
Purespray
Green Spray Oil
13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000 L
water
(1% solution)
12 hours
Purespray Green: Feeding deterrent

only. Not all varieties have been
tested for tolerancespray first on a
small area of each variety to confirm
tolerance. Do not use in a spray
program with sulphur. Do not use when
temperatures are high (above 25C).
Spider mites
mineral oil
Purespray
Green Spray Oil
13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000L
water
(1% solution)
12 hours
Suppression only. See comments for

aphids, above.
Leafrollers
Spanworms
spinosad
Success (5)
145182
mL/ha
267364
mL/ha
3 days
when dry
Dipel 2X DF (11)
5251,125
g/ha
0 days
12 hours
Bioprotec CAF
(11)
1.42.8 L/ha
0 days
12 hours
methoxyfenozide
Intrepid (18)
0.5 L/ha
7 days
12 hours
tebufenozide
Confirm 240
F (18)
1.0 L/ha
14 days
12 hours
4 (max 4.6
L/ha)
chlorantraniliprole
Altacor (28)
285 g/ha
1 day
12 hours
3 (max 645
g/ha)
cyantraniliprole
Exirel (28)
0.51.0 L/ha
3 days
12 hours
4 (max 4.5
L/ha)
Use pheromone traps and spray as soon

as possible after peak trap catch, or
when very small larvae are present.
Dipel, Bioprotec: Leafrollers only.
Acidify spray mix to below pH 7.0 and
apply on cloudy days or at dusk. See
Using Organic and Biopesticide Products,
page 280.
Exirel: Do not tank-mix or make
sequential applications with Pristine.
See product label for numerous other
tank-mix restrictions.
Success, Entrust: See Table 423,
Product Registrations on Specialty
Bushberries, page 153, for labelled
crops.
Entrust (5)
Bacillus
thuringiensis
hours1/
Do not apply from bud stage to bloom,

or when bees are actively foraging.
Admire: Suppression only. See Table
423, Product Registrations on Specialty
crops. Also labelled as a soil application
for reduction in numbers of white
grubs. See label for this additional
use. Do not make a foliar application
following a soil application of a Group 4
insecticide.

1
2
3
4
5
6
General re-entry.
Hand pruning.
Foliar application.
Soil application.
Hand training, tying.
Hand harvest.
155
Table 424. Pest Management Products for Specialty Bushberries (elderberry, aronia, edible
honeysuckle/haskap, highbush cranberry, jostaberry, lingonberry and sea buckthorn)
Disease
or Insect
Common
name
Product
(Group)
Minimum
re-entry
Max. number
applications per
season (on label)
Table 424. Pest Management Products for Specialty Bushberries (contd)
Preharvest
interval
Gypsy moth
Bacillus
thuringiensis
Bioprotec CAF
(11)
2.44 L/ha
0 days
12 hours
Sea buckthorn only for gypsy moth.

Apply when larvae are young, before
damage is evident and at times when
larvae are actively feeding on treated
surfaces. See Using Organic and
Biopesticide Products, page 280
Weevils
thiamethoxam
Actara 25 WG
(4)
210280
g/ha
3 days
12 hours
cyantraniliprole
Exirel (28)
1.01.5 L/ha
3 days
12 hours
4 (max. 4.5
L/ha)
Actara: Do not apply during bloom or

when bees are active. Apply to foliage
to control adult weevils.
Exirel: Apply in spring or early
summer to foliage to control adult
weevils in buds or foliage. Do not tankmix or make sequential applications
with Pristine. See product label for
numerous other tank-mix restrictions.
Brown
marmorated
stink bug
thiamethoxam
Actara 25 WG
(4)
280 g/ha
3 days
12 hours
Suppression only. At time of printing

this publication, this pest has not
been detected in Ontario berry crops,
but it is present in Ontario. Check the
OMAFRA website at ontario.ca/stinkbug
for information. Do not apply during
bloom or when bees are active.
Spotted
wing
drosophila
spinetoram
Delegate (5)
315420
g/ha
3 days
12 hours
spinosad
Entrust (5)
334440
mL/ha
165220
mL/ha
3 days
12 hours
1.01.5 L/ha
3 days
12 hours
4 (max 4.5
L/ha)
Check ontario.ca/spottedwing for

updates on pest development,
registered products and management
strategies for control.
Delegate: See Table 423. Product
Registrations on Specialty Bushberries,
page 153, for labelled crops. Alternate
products from different groups.
Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is a
new invasive fruit fly that inserts eggs
into fruit as they are ripening. Larvae
develop in the fruit and may be present
at harvest, contributing to premature
breakdown. Emergency use registration
of other products is expected.
Success (5)
cyantraniliprole
Exirel (28)

1
2
3
4
5
6
General re-entry.
Hand pruning.
Foliar application.
Soil application.
Hand harvest.
156
Rate
Comments
4. Berry Crops
Common
name
Product
(Group)
Preharvest
interval
Minimum
re-entry
Max. number
applications per
season (on label)
Disease
or Insect
Japanese
beetle
imidacloprid
Admire 240
Flowable (4)
350 mL/ha
3 days
24 hours
chlorantraniliprole
Altacor (28)
285 g/ha
1 day
12 hours
3 (max. 645
g/ha)
cyantraniliprole
Exirel (28)
1.5 L/ha
3 days
12 hours
4 (max
4.5 L/ha)
metconazole
Quash (3)
180 g/ha
7 days
12 hours1/
72 hours5
boscalid +
pyraclostrobin
Pristine WG
(7+11)
1.31.6
kg/ha
0 days
when dry1/
24 hours6
fluazinam
Allegro 500 F
(29)
2.24 L/ha
30 days
24 hours
Bacterial
blight
Bacillus subtilis
Serenade OPTI
(44)
0.61.7
kg/ha
0 days
12 hours
Elderberry, sea buckthorn and

lingonberry only for this pest.
Suppression only. See Table 111.
Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309,
and Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Botrytis grey
mould
fenhexamid
Elevate 50
WDG (17)
1.7 kg/ha
1 day
4 hours
fluxapyroxad
Sercadis (7)
250666
mL/ha
0 days
12 hours
boscalid
Cantus WDG (7)
560 g/ha
0 days
12 hours
boscalid +
pyraclostrobin
Pristine WG
(7+11)
1.31.6 kg/ha
0 days
when
dry1/
24 hours6
cyprodinil +
fludioxonil
Switch 62.5 WG
(9+12)
775975
g/ha
1 day
12 hours
Bacillus subtilis
Serenade OPTI
(44)
1.73.3 kg/ha
0 days
12 hours
Begin applications at first bloom and

make subsequent applications at 710day intervals during bloom.
Elevate, Sercadis, Cantus, Pristine,
Serenade OPTI: See Table 423.
crops.
Sercadis, Serenade OPTI:
Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page 309,
and Using Organic and Biopesticide
Products, page 280.
Anthracnose
Rate
Comments
Admire: See Table 423. Product
page 153, for labelled crops. Do not
apply from bud stage to bloom or when
bees are actively foraging. Do not make
a foliar application following a soil
application of a Group 4 insecticide.
Altacor: Suppression only. See Table
111. Pesticide Efficacy Ratings, page
309.
Apply when conditions favour disease,
prior to infection.
Quash, Pristine, Allegro: See Table
423. Product Registrations on Specialty
crops.
Allegro: Suppression only. See Table
309.
Quash: Apply at bloom.

1
2
3
4
5
6
General re-entry.
Hand pruning.
Foliar application.
Soil application.
Hand harvest.
157
Disease
or Insect
Common
name
Product
(Group)
Minimum
re-entry
Max. number
applications per
season (on label)
Preharvest
interval
Brown rot
sulphur
Microscopic
Sulphur WP (M)
6.5 kg in
1000 L
water/ha
7 days
24 hours
Sea buckthorn only. For orchards

with a history of brown rot, apply at
the beginning of bloom if weather
conditions are conducive to disease
development (e.g., warm, wet
conditions). Repeat at 710-day
intervals as needed.
Phomopsis
metconazole
Quash (3)
180 g/ha
7 days
12 hours1/
72 hours5
boscalid +
pyraclostrobin
Pristine WG
(7+11)
1.6 kg/ha
0 days
when dry1/
24 hours6
Apply when conditions favour disease,

prior to infection.
Quash, Pristine: See Table 423.
crops.. Suppression only. See Table 111.
Powdery
mildew
mineral oil
Purespray
Green Spray Oil
13 E (NC)
10 L/1,000L
water
(1% solution)
12 hours

Elderberry and Jostaberry only for
this pest. Not all varieties have been
tested for tolerancespray first on a
small area of each variety to confirm
tolerance. Do not use in a spray
program with sulphur. Do not use when
temperatures are high (above 25C).
Septoria leaf
spot
prothioconazole
Proline 480
SC (3)
315 mL/ha
7 days
24 hours
fluxapyroxad
Sercadis (7)
250666
mL/ha
0 days
12 hours
Proline: Suppression only. See Table

309.
Sercadis: See Table 423. Product
page 153, for labelled crops.

1
2
3
4
5
6
General re-entry.
Hand pruning.
Foliar application.
Soil application.
Hand harvest.
158
Rate
Comments

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4.

around the plant to just beyond the spread of the

Test the soil two years before planting to see if

Table 41. Elemental Sulphur

Check the soil pH annually in the plant row and add

Fertilizer for blueberries

Table 42. Nitrogen Requirements

Incorporate elemental sulphur at least 1 year prior to

Blueberries require a soil pH between 4.2 and 5.0 for

Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K)

Berry Crop nutrition

Guide to Fruit Production, 20162017

Table 43. Phosphorus and Potassium Requirements for Highbush Blueberries,

Blueberries are sensitive to injury from the chloride

with different soil types, crop age, and current fertility

Other nutrient requirements

Table 44. Optimum Nutrient Levels

See Appendix F: Accredited Soil-Testing Laboratories in Ontario, page 343,

Currants and Gooseberries

Gooseberries, page 88. Currants and gooseberries are

Apply 45 tonnes/ha or 4.5 kg per m2 of well-composted

Fertilizer in established plantings

Fertilizer before planting

Apply fertilizer early each spring according to soil tests.

Test the soil before planting and apply the required

Berry Crop nutrition

Berry Crop nutrition

Guide to Fruit Production, 20162017

Fertilizer for raspberries

Nitrogen (kg/ha per season)

Third and following years

Use the lower rates on non-irrigated crops and heavier soils.

Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K)

Nutrient Levels in Raspberry Leaves on this page. These

See Appendix F: Accredited Soil-Testing Laboratories in Ontario, page 343,

Fertilizer for established plantings

Nitrogen can be applied with phosphorus and

Do not apply nitrogen in the spring, particularly on

Use whatever form of nitrogen is economical. Brush

Benefits have been reported from low nitrogen

Adjust nitrogen rates proportionately if manure was

The best time to apply nitrogen in established fields

To help the plant establish, particularly if the soil is

Ensure soils are well-irrigated after renovation,

Berry Crop nutrition

Fertilizer for new plantings (the planting

Berry Crop nutrition

Guide to Fruit Production, 20162017

to apply and use leaf analysis to adjust rates. Excessive

* Fully expanded, recently matured strawberry leaves with petioles

See Appendix F: Accredited Soil-Testing Laboratories in Ontario, page 343,

Micronutrients for Berry Crops

Figure 41. Blueberry Growth Stages

Guide to Fruit Production, 20162017

Lime Sulphur (M)

36.7 L Lime Sulphur plus

Purespray Green Spray

Apply when plants are dormant. Spray to the point of runoff.

Dormant (late winter)

Early spring, prior to bud break

Ridomil Gold 480 SL (4)

Confirm 240 F (18)

Where OBLR has been a problem in the past, spray if