Timpurile.

Rezumat

I.

Timpurile in limba engleza. Formare

1. Timpuri:

Present Simple & Continuous

Past Perfect Simple & Continuous

Present Perfect Simple &

Continuous

Future Simple & Continuou

Future Perfect Simple & Continuous

Past Simple & Continuous

2. Formare:
Timp
Present
Simple

Present
Continuous
Present
Perfect

Present
Perfect
continuous
Past Simple

1
2

Afirmativ
Sb+V11
!!! la persoana
a 3-a singular
se adauga s la
sfarsitul
verbului
Sb+to be2+Vbing
Sb+have/has+
Vb-ed/Vb3 (pt
verbe
neregulate)
!!! has pers a
3-a singular
Sb+have/has+
been+Vb-ing

Interogativ
Do/Does+Sb+V1
!!! does se
foloseste la
persoana a 3-a
singular si in acest
caz nu se adauga s
To be+Sb+Vb-ing

Sb+Vb-ed /
Vb2 (pt vb
neregulate)

Forma de baza a verbului

To be conjugat la pers respectiva

Negativ
Sb+do/does+not+
V1
!!! idem
Interogativ

Sb+have+has+not
+Vb-ed/Vb3

Sb+to
be+not+Vb-ing
Have/has+Sb+Vb
-ed/Vb3?

Sb+have/has+not+
been+Vb-ing

Have/has+Sb+
Been+Vb-ing

Sb+did+Vb1
!!! se foloseste
Vb1 pentru ca did
este deja la trecut
si preia timpul

Did+Sb+Vb1?

Timp
Past
Continuous

Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Continuous
Future
Simple
Future
Continuous
Future
Perfect
Future
Perfect
Continuous
II.

Afirmativ
Sb+was/were+
Vb ing
!!! wassingular, wereplural
Sb+had+Vbed/Vb3
Sb+had+been+
Vb-ing
Sb+will+Vb1
Sb+ to be1
+going
to+Vb12
Sb+will+to
be3+ Vb-ing
Sb+will+have
+Vb-ed/Vb3
Sb+will+have
+been+Vbing

Interogativ
Sb+was/were+not
+Vb-ing

Negativ
Was/were+Sb+
Vb- ing

Sb+had+not+Vbed/Vb3
Sb+had+not+been
+Vb-ing
Sb+will+not+Vb1
Sb+ to be+not
going to+Vb1

Had+Sb+Vbed/Vb3
Had+Sb+been+
Vb-ing?
Will+Sb+Vb1?
To be+Sb+going
to+Vb1?

Sb+will+not4+to
be+Vb-ing
Sb+will+have+not
+Vb-ed/Vb3
Sb+will+have+not
+been+Vbing

Will+Sb+to
be+Vb-ing?
Will+Sb+have+V
b-ed/Vb3
Will
+Sb+have+been+
Vbing

Folosire. Conjunctii. Diferenta intre Simple si Continuous. Axa timpurilor

1. Present Simple Present Continuous:
a. Present Simple se foloseste pentru:
adevaruri stiintifice (The Earth spins round the sun =
Pamantul se invarte in jurul Soarelui)
actiuni uzuale, obiceiuri (He usually wakes up at 10 = El se
trezeste de obicei la 10)
titluri de ziar (Strikes continue at Arpechim = Grevele
continua la Arpechim)
programe fixe/orare in loc de viitor (The exhibition opens
Monday morning at 10:30 = Expozitia se deschide luni
dimineata la 10:30).
a.1.: Conjunctii/Cuvinte folosite: always, never, often, sometimes,
usually, once a day/a week/a year/etc, twice a week/a day/a year/etc,
every year/day/etc, all the time, rarely, etc.

1
2
3
4

Conjugat la persoana respectiva

Pentru intentii
Idem 1
Restarangerea corecta pt will not este wont

b. Present Continuous
Actiuni care se petrec in momentul de fata (I am reading now
= Citesc acum)
Actiuni in contrast cu cele obisnuite (Dad usually reads The
Financial Times, but now hes reading Wall Street Journal=
Tata de obicei citeste Financial Times, dar acum citese Wall
Street Journal)
Actiuni planuite pentru viitor, atunci cand se specifia timpul
1

(Hes going to Paris this weekend = Se duce la Paris in

weekend)
Actiuni care il irita pe vorbitor (cu cuvintele cu care se
foloseste present simple) (Someones always phoning me
when I am taking a shower = Cineva ma tot suna cand fac
dus)
b.1. Conjunctii/Cuvinte folosite: now, in this moment, today,
again (It is raining again = Ploua iar), etc.
c. Diferenta Present Simple/Present Continuous:
Intre aceste doua timpuri diferenta este data de regulile de utiliare.
2. Present Perfect Simple-Present Perfect Continuous:
Ambele timpuri se folosesc pentru actiuni care au inceput undeva
inainte de prezent, si care fie s-a terminat cu putin inainte de
momentul vorbirii, sau continua in momentul vorbirii si poate
continua in viitor. Diferenta dintre ele este ca: Present Perfect
Simple pune accent pe rezultat, iar Present Perfect Continuous pune
accent pe durata.
Ex.: Mom has made cookies> intru in casa, simt miros de prajituri
si spun : Mama a facut prajituri, deci se pune accent pe rezultat
Mom has been making cookies since 10 in the morning. -> se
pune accent pe faptul ca Mama face prajituri de la ora 10, deci pe
durata, implicit putem intelege ca mama nu a terminat inca.
I have never eaten such cookies. (Nu am mancat niciodata
asemenea prajituri)

La fel de bine poate fi folosit si future simple

Conjunctii/Cuvinte folosite: since, for, just, ever, never, yet,

already, before, untill now/this moment, etc.
3. Past Simple-Past Continuous:
Ambele timpuri se folosesc pentru actiuni care s-au petrecut in trecut, cu
diferenta ca aspectul simplu pune accent pe rezultat iar cel continuu pune
accent pe durata sau pe faptul ca actiunea a durat ceva timp (uneori este si
intreupta de o alta)
Ex: I went to school yesterday (Am fost la scoala ieri)
I was going to school yesterday, when I felt and broke my leg. (Ma
duceam la scoala ieri cand am cazut si mi-am rupt piciorul)
Conjunctii/Cuvinte folosite: yesterday, last week/day/month/year, that
day/year/month, etc.
4. Past Perfect Simple- Past Perfect Continuous:
Ambele timpuri se folosesc pentru actiuni care s-au intamplat inaintea altor
actiuni trecute. Diferenta dintre ele este ca: Pas Perfect Simple pune accent
pe rezultat, iar Past Perfect Continuous pune accent pe durata. De obicei
aceste timpuri apar in propozitii in care este folosit si Past Simple/Past
Continuous.
Ex: I had never eaten such cakes before I met Sandy. (Inainte sa o intalesc
pe Sandy, nu am mai mancat asemenea prajituri).
Grandpa had been working there for 40 years, then he changed his job
suddenly. (Bunicul lucrase acolo 40 de ani, apoi si-a scimbat locul de
munca brusc).
Conjunctii/Cuvinte: idem Present Perfect
5. Future Simple- Future Continuous:
Se folosesc pentru actinuni viitoare. Future Continuous pune accent pe
faptul ca actiunea are o anumita durata, spre deosebire de Future Simple
care prezinta doar actiunea.
!!! Pentru intentii se foloseste going to
!!! Pentru programe orare present simple
Ex: I will go to Paris in May.
I will be speakingto you when you will listen.

Conjunctii/Cuvinte: tomorrow, next day/week/month/yer/..., in x

weeks/months/etc (peste x saptamani/luni/etc)/ in the future, etc.
6. Future Perfect Simple-Future Perfect Continuous
Exprima o actinue viitoare terminata inaintea altei actiuni viitoare.
Aspectul simplu pune accent pe rezultat, iar cel continuu pe durata. Se
folosesc indeosebi cu constrcutia By the time ..... will have already....
Ex: By the time you will come I will have already finished dinner.

7. Axa timpurilor
Past

Past
Perfect

III.

Present
Perfect

Presen
t

Future
Perfect

Verbe care nu au forma de ING

Anumite categorii de verbe nu au forma ing. Acestea exprima:

Sentimente si emotii: like, love, adore, desire, mind, hate, detest, fear

A gandi/ a crede: think (se foloseste cu ing cand nu exprima opinie) 1,

understand, know, mean, realize, recognize, rember

Dorinte: want, prefer, wish

Perceptie: hear, see (cand are alt sens 2 decat a vedea se foloseste si la forma
ing), smell, taste (atunci cand ne referim ca un anumit lucru miroase/are gustul,
cand cineva miroase/gusta, smell si taste au forma de ing) feel, notice, observe

A fi/a avea/a detine: appear, seem, consist, belong, matter, have (cand are alt
sens decat a avea se foloseste la ing) 3, be (cand exprima un stadiu temporar, in
contrast cu cel obisnuit are si forma ing) 4

Im am thinking of my holidays (Ma gandesc la vacant mea nu este opinie)/I think

that you should learn more (Cred ca ar trebui sa inveti mai mult opinie)
2
Alte sensuri verbul to see: a se intalni (Im seeing Mary at nine), a insoti (John is
seeing his mother to the station)
3
She is having a shower; I am having my hair cut; They are having dinner in town,
They will be having a walk this afternoon
4
He is such a good boy, but now he is being naughty.

Futur
e