,

"

,.
WNIVERSIDAD DE EL SALVADOR
PACULTAD DE INGENIERIA Y ARQUITECTURA
-.
ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA MECANICA
M'ECANICA
DE
LOS
FLUIDOS
MEF
115

..

" ,-,''';'1
"'-l . ' . ."

TABLAS DE EQUIVALENCIAS DE UNIDADES

UNIDADES DE LONGITUD
UNIUAD

pulg

pIe

39.4

3.28

pulg

2.54 x 10.2 1

0.083

0.3048

pie

12

UNIDADES DE VOLUMEN
UN I nAD
m

It
3

pulg
3

pie

pulg

It

1000

61023

35.32

0.001

61.023

0.03532

3
16.39xl0
16.39xlQ-6
3

pie

28.32x10

galn

0.00379

5.79xl0

28.32

1728

3.79

231

0.134

UNIDADES DE MASA
UNII)AD

gr

gr

kg

oz

lb

slug
5
6.85X10:

0.001

0.03527

2 .205X10

35.27

2.205

0.0685

0 .0625

1.943X10

kg

1000

oz

28.3495

28.35XlO

lb

454

0.454

16

0.0311

slug

14590

14.59

514.79

32.17

UTM

9807

9.807

346

21.62

0.672
,
,

UNIDADES DE FUERZA
UNIDAD

kgf

Dina

pdl

Lbf

Ton

kgf

9.807x10'

9.807

70.93

2.205

lO'

Dina

1.019xlO

lO"

7.233x10"

2.248x10

1.019x10'

0.1019

10'

7.233

0.2248

1.019xl0

pdl

1.41xlO'z

1.383x10

0.1383

3. 11x10'z

1.4lxl0"

Ibf

0.4536

4.448x10'

4.448

32.174

4.536xl0

bar

atrn

Ibf/p~

mB2 0

mmBg

9.807x1u

0.968

14.223

10

735.56

UNIDADES DE PRESION
UNlnAD
kgf/cm

kgf/cm

N/rn

9.807 x 1(t

1.02x1u

111

9. 869x1?

1.45x1?

1.02xlU

7.5x1u

bar

1.02

10'

0.987

14.5

10.2

750.064

atrn

1.033

1.013xlO'

1.013

14.696

10.332

760

6.895xlU

6.805x1u

0.703

51.715

1.422

73.556

1.934xio :T

1.36x1u

14.223

10

735 .56

N/rn

lbf/puli

7.031xlCf2

6.895x10

mB2 0

0.1

9807

9.807x10'

mrnBg

13.595x1u

133.32

133.32xio=3' 1.316x1u

at

9.807 x 10

9.678x1u

0.968

9.807x1u

UNIDADES DE POTENCIA
UNIUAD
Kgf-m / s

kgf-m / s
1

Ibf-pie / s HP

CV

pdl-pie / s

kcal/ h

9.807

232.72

8.432

7.233

2
z
1.333xl0
1.315x10'

1. 8424x 10.3

1.356

32.174

1.1658

Lbf-pie / s

0.1383

1.82x10'

UP

76

550

1.014

745.7

17695.73

641.19

CV

75

542.763

0.987

735.42

17451.66

632.18

0.102

0.7376

1.341xl03

1. 36xlO'3

23.73

0.8598

0.0311

5.651x10"

5.73x10"

4.214xl02 1

0.03623

0.858

1. 56x 10.3

1.582xl0

1.163

27.598

0.2162

3.93xl0

3.985xl0-4

0.293

6.955

0.252

Pdl-pie / s
Kcal / h
Btu/h

4.297xl0

0.1186
2.988x10

UNIDADES DE VISCOSIDAD DINAMICA

P

UNIDAD

Pa-s

eP

kgf-s / m
2

Ibf-s / pie
3

100

0.1

1.02x10-

2.089x1O-

eP

0.01

0.001

1.02x10

2.089x10-'

Pa-s
kgf-s / m

2
2

Ibf-s / pie

10

1000

0.102

2.089xl0-1

98.07

9807

9.807

0.2048

47.88

4.883

478.8

47.88xl0

UNIDADES DE VISCOSIDAD CINEMATICA

St
UNIDAD

(em

eSt

rn / s

pulff / s

~iez

/s

s)

St

100

1u

0.155

1O.764xlu

eSt

0.01

lu

1.55xlu

10.764xi:)

lu

i'oo

1550

10.964

6.45

6.45x102

6.45xlu

6.94x1u

s
2

pulg

/ S

DIMENSIONES DE CANTIDADES FISICAS USUALES

Smbolos
F
E

P
I--l)

T
r-)

f1

v
(J

'T

Cantidad fisica
Fuerza
Enelj; I~ traba,'o.
Potencia
Densidad
Torque, par motor
Presin, esfuerzo
Viscosidad dinmica
Viscosidad cinemtica
Tensin (111 per.l:icia 1
Peso espee :le
Esfuerzo cortante

Dimensiones
M L T
FLT
MLT
F
MLr
FL
l
MLr
FLr
ML-J
FL T
MLr
FL
2
FLMLr
MLr
FL 1
LI- l
L'r'
FL-'
M'r
FL-'>
MLr
ML-1r
FL-2

Propiedades fsicas del agua (en unidades del SI)

Peso
especfico Densidad Viscosidad
Temp.
oC

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55

60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100

10

P.

N/m3

kg/m 3

Ns/m 2

m2/s

9806
9807
9804
9798
9789
9778
9764
9749
9730
9711
9690
9666
9642
9616
9589
9560
9530
9499
9466
9433
9399

999.9
1000.0
999.7
999.1
998.2
997.1
995.7
994.1
992.2
990.2
988.1
985.7
983.2
980.6
977.8
974.9
971.8
.
968.6
965.3
961.9
958.4

1.792
1.519
1.308
1.140
1.005
0.894
0.801
0.723
0.656
0.599
0.549
0.506
0.469
0.436
0.406
0.380
0.357
0.336
0.317
0.299
0.284

1.792
1.519
1.308
1.141

1.007
0.897
0.804
0.727
0.661
0.605
0.556
0.513
0.477
0.444
0.415
0.390
0.367
0.347
0.328
0.311
0.296

Viscosidad
.
, .
cmematlca

/1

106

Tensin
superficial
(J X 1()2,
N/m
7.62
7.54
7.48
7.41
7.36
7.26
7.18
7.10
7.01
6.92
6.82
6.74
6.68
6.58
6.50
6.40
6.30
6.20
6.12
6.02
5.94

Carga
de presin
de vapor

Mdulo de
elasticidad
volumtrica

Pv/'Y
m

0.06
0.09
0.12
0.17
0.25
0.33
0.44
0.58
0.76
0.98
1.26
1.61
2.03
2.56
3.20
3.96
4.86
5.93
.
7.18
8.62
10.33

204
206
211
214
220
222
223
224
227
229
230
231

N/m 2

f28
226
225
223
221
217
216
211
207

10- 7,

Propiedades fsicas del agua (en unidades USe)

Temp.

F
32 '
40
50.
60
70.
80
90
100
110.,.
120.
130.
140
150
160
170.
180
190
200
212
i'

Peso
espedfico Densidad Viscosidad
5,
p
P.
X
10
'Y
Ib/ft 3
Slugs/ft3 Ibs/ft 2

62.42
62.42
62.42
62.35
62.29
62.22
62.13
62.00
61.87
61.71
. 61.55
61.39
61.19
61.00
60.81
60.58
60.36
60.10.
59.84

1.940
1.940
1.940
1.938
1.936
1.934
1.931
1.927
1.923
1.918
1.913
1.908
1.902
1.896
1.890.
1.883
1.876
1.868

1.860

= 62.4lb/f~

3.746
3.229
2.735
2.359
2.0.50.
1.799
1.595
1.424
1.284
1.168
1.069
0..981
0..905
0.;838
0..780.
0..726
0..678
0..637
0..593

Viscosidad
.
, .
cmematlca
5
" X 10
ft 2 /s

Tensin
superficial
a X 102 ,
lb/ft

0..518
0..514
0..509
0..504
0..500
0..492
0..486
0..480
0..473
0..465
0..460
0..454
0..447
0..441
0..433
0..426
0..419
0..412
0..404

1.931
1.664
1.410
1.217
~.0.59

0..930
0..826
0..739
0..667
0..609
0..558
0..514
0..476
0..442
0..413
0..385
0..362
0..341
0..319

Carga
Mdulo de
de presin elasticidad
de vapor
volumtrica
K X 10-3,
Pu/-Y
ft
Ib/in2

0..20.
0..28
0..41
0..59
0..84
1.17
1.61
2.19
2.95
3.91
5.13
6.67
8.58
10..95
13.83
17.33
21.55
26.59
33.90

293
294
305
311
320.
322
323
327
331
333
334
330.
328
326
.- 322
313
313
308
300

906
TABLAS Y GRAFICAS

Propiedades del agua saturada

Entalp fa
Densidad
de
3
p, Ibm/ft
_--'-'-_
_ _ _ vaporizacin

Calor
especifico
ce' Btu/lbm . R

Conductividad
trmica
k, Btu/h . ft R

Viscosidad din~mica
.f., Ibm/ft . s

Temp.

Presin de
saturacin

T,oF

Pu t. psia

Liquido

Vapor

h,l , Btu/lbm

Liquido

Vapor

Liquido

Vapor

Liquido

Vapor

0.0887
0.1217
0.1780
0.2563
0.3632
0.5073
0.6988
0.9503
1.2763
1.6945
2.225
2.892
3.722
4 .745
5.996
7.515
9.343
11.53
14.125
14.698
17.19
20.78
24.97
29.82
35.42
4 1.85
49.18
57.53
66.98
89.60
11 7.93
152.92
195 .60
24 1.1
422 .1
680.0
1046.7
154 1
2210
3090
3204

62.41
62.42
62.41
62.36
62.30
62.22
62.12
62.00
61.86
61.71
61.55
61.38
61.19
60.99
60.79
60.57
60.35
60.12
59.87
59.82
59.62
59.36
59.09
58.82
58.53
58.24
57 .94
57 .63
57.31
56.65
55.95
55.22
54.46
53 .65
51.46
48.95
45.96
42 .32
37.31
27.28
19.79

0.00030
0.00034
0.00059
0.00083
0.00115
0.00158
0 .00214
0.00286
0.00377
0 .00493
0.00636
0.00814
0.0103
0.0129
0.0161
0.0199
0.0244
0.0297
0.0359
0.0373
0.0432
0.0516
0 .061 2
0.0723
0.0850
0.0993
0 .1156
0 .3390
0.1545
0.2033
0.2637
0.3377
0.4275
0.5359
0.9082
1.479
4.268
3.736
6.152
13.44
19.79

1075
1071
1065
1060
1054
1048
1043
1037
1031
1026
1020
1014
1008
1002
996
990
984
978
972
970
965
959
952
946
939
932
925
918
910
895
880
863
845
827
775
715
641
550
422
168
O

1.010
1.004
1.000
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
1.000
1.000
1.001
1.002
1.004
1.005
1.007
1.007
1.009
1.011
1.013
1.015
1.018
1.020
1.023
1.026
1.029
1.036
1.044
1.054
1.065
1.078
1.1 21
1.188
1.298
1.509
2.086
13.80

0.446
0.447
0.448
0.449
0.450
0.451
0.453
0.454
0.456
0.458
0.460
0.463
0.465
0.468
0.472
0.475
0.479
0.483
0.487
0.488
0.492
0.497
0.503
0.509
0.516
0.523
0.530
0.538
0.547
0.567
0.590
0.617
0.647
0.683
0.799
0.972
1.247
1.759
3.103
25.90

0.324
0.329
0.335
0.341
0.347
0.352
0.358
0.363
0.367
0.371
0.375
0.378
0.381
0.384
0.386
0.388
0.390
0.391
0.392
0.392
0.393
0.394
0.394
0.395
0.395
0.395
0.395
0.395
0.394
0.393
0.391
0.389
0.385
0.382
0.370
0.352
0.329
0.299
0.267
0.254

0.0099
0.0100
0.0102
0.0104
0.0106
Om08
0.0110
0.0112
0.0115
0.0117
0.0120
0.0122
0.0125
0.0128
0.0131
0.0134
0.0137
0.0141
0.0144
0.0145
0.0148
0.0152
0.0156
0.0160
0.0164
0.0168
0.0172
0.0177
0.0182
0.0191
0.0202
0.0213
0.0224
0.0237
0.0271
0.0312
0.0368
0.0461
0.0677
0.1964

'"

'"

'"

'"

1.204 X 10- 3
1.038 X 10- 3
8 .781 x 10-'
7.536 x 10-'
6.556 X 10-'
5.764 X 10-'
5.117 X 10-'
4.578 x 10-'
4.128 X 10-'
3.744 x 10-'
3.417 x 10-'
3.136 x 10-'
2.889 X 10- 4
2.675 x 10- '
2.483 X 10- 4
2.317 x 10-'
2.169 X 10- 4
2.036 X 10-'
1.917 X 10-'
1.894 X 10-'
1.808 X 10- '
1.711 X 10- '
1.625 X 10-'
1.544 X 10-'
1.472 X 10-'
1.406 X 10-'
1.344 X 10- '
1.289 X 10- '
1.236 X 10-'
1.144 X 10-'
1.063 X 10-'
9.972 X 10- 5
9.361 X 10- 5
8.833 X 10-5
7.722 X 10- 5
6.833 X 10- 5
6.083 X 10-5
5.389 X 10- 5
4.639 X 10-5
3.417 X 10-5
2.897 X 10-5

6.194 X 10- 6
6.278 X 10- 6
6.361 X 10-6
6.444 X 10- 6
6.556 X 10- 6
6.667 X 10- 6
6.778 X 10- 6
6.889 X 10- 6
7.000 X 10- 6
7.111 X 10- 6
7.222 X 10- 6
7.333 X 10- 6
7.472 X 10- 6
7.583 X 10- 6
7.722 X 10- 6
7.833 X 10- 6
7.972 X 10- 6
8.083 x 10- 6
8.222 X 10- 6
8 .250 x lO- 6
8.333 x 10- 6
8.472 X 10- 6
8 .611 X 10- 6
8 .611 X 10- 6
8 .861 X 10- 6
9.000 X 10- 6
9.111 X 10- 6
9.250 X 10- 6
9.389 X 10- 6
9.639 X 10- 6
9.889 X 10- 6
1.013 X 10- 5
1.041 X 10- 5
1.066 X 10- 5
1.130 X 10- 5
1.200 X 10- 5
1.280 X 10- 5
1.380 X 10- 5
1.542 X 10- 5
2.044 X 10- 5
2.897 X 10-5

32.02
40
50
60
70
SO
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
212
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
320
340
360
380
400
450
500
550
600
650

700
705.44

Nmero de
Prandtl
Pr
Liquido

13.5
11.4
9.44
7.95
6.79
5.89
5.14
4.54
4.05
3.63
3.28
2.98
2.73
2.51
2.90
2.15
2.01
1.88
1.77
1.75
1.67
1.58
1.50
1.43
1.37
1.31
1.25
1.21
1.16
1.09
1.02
0.973
0.932
0 .893
0.842
0.830
0.864
0.979
1.30
6.68

Vapor

Coeficiente
de expansin
volumtrica
{j, 1/R
Liquido

1.00 -0.038 x 10- 3

1.01
0.003 x 10- 3
1.01
0.047 x 10- 3
1.00
0.080 x 10- 3
1.00
0.115 x 10- 3
1.00
0.145 x 10- 3
1.00
0.174 x 10- 3
1.01
0.200 x 10- 3
1.00 . 0.224 X 10- 3
1.00
0.246 x 10- 3
1.00
0.267 x 10- 3
1.00
0.287 x 10- 3
1.00
0.306 x 10- 3
1.00
0.325 x 10- 3
1.00
0.346 x 10- 3
1.00
0.367 x 10- 3
1.00
0.382 X 10- 3
1.00
0.395 x 10- 3
1.00
0.412 x 10- 3
1.00
0.417 x 10- 3
1.00
0.429 x 10- 3
1.00
0.443 x 10- 3
1.00
0.462 x 10- 3
1.00
0.480 x 10- 3
1.00
0.497 x 10- 3
1.01
0.514 x 10- 3
1.01
0.532 x 10- 3
1.01
0 .549 x 10- 3
1.02
0.566 x 10- 3
1.03
0 .636 x 10- 3
1.04
0.656 x 10- 3
1.06
0.681 x 10- 3
1.08
0 .720 x 10- 3
1.11
0.771 x 10- 3
1.20
0.912 x 10- 3
1.35
1.111 x 10- 3
1.56
1.445 x 10- 3
1.90
1.885 x 10- 3
2.54
9.71

l/ata 1: La viscosidad cinemtica v y la difusividad trmica a se pueden calcular a partir de sus definiciones: " = p./p y a = k1pcp = "/Pr. Las temperaturas
12.02F, 2 12F Y 705.44F son las temperaturas del punto triple, de ebullicin y critico del agua, respectivamente. Las propiedades citadas anteriormente
de punto crtico .
excepto la densidad del vapor) se pueden usar a cualquier presin con error despreciable, excepto a temperaturas cerca del
l/ata 2: La unidad Btu/lbm . F para calor especifico es equivalente a Btu/lbm . R, Y la unidad Btu/h . ft . F para conductividad trmica es equivalente a Btu/h .
t . R.
~uente:

Los datos de viscosidad y conductividad trmica estn tomados de J. V. Sengers y J. T. R. Watson, Jaurnal af Physical and Chemical Reference Data 15
1986), pp. 1291-1322. Otros datos se obtuvieron de diversas fuentes o se calcularon.