( )

1431 2010 /

`g1431 ,jhdGh jdG dG IQGRh

dG AKCG WdG a dG e Sa
jhdGh jdG dG IQGRh
IQGRh / ...dG fh WG f J Y OTQEG c
`g1431 ,VjdG - .jhdGh jdG dG
S 15 * 12 ;U 36
978-603-8008-38-6 :eOQ
GdG .CG FGdG dG ` 3 M ` jZCG ` 2 dGh jZCG ` 1
1431/534
363^192 jO

1431/534 :GjEG bQ
978-603-8008-38-6:eOQ



) (

jdG dG IQGRh a e jdG edG O``N eM CGQ

JY Y IdG ddG e k bfGh Y FdGh jhdGh
Z jZCG QGVCG dG ac j k eJ eBGh U AGZ ad
fh dG QOe J H NCG IQdG UGd HdG
cJ Y k SSCG j ee c (Sg f) LdG dG
IdG dG SQe f e Yh Y jH OdG
fL dEG IdG dG SQdGh IdG YGQdG SQe eh
fdGh IjdGh aBG eheh dGh ad SdG GAGLEG
S GN L Y Hbd ``j``dhCG Vhh ``j``ZCG LSGh
SdG hCG e IdG FGdG BdG e NGO AGdG fEG
AKCG FbdG GAG``LEG Y k SSCG Jj NBG H hCG IdG hCG
fh .FdG dG QNG Y cdG e cCG jdG hCG dG
,GdG a fc AGS GJ CG e dGh jd Hb Sg
.dG GQdG hCG ,dG GdG
Gg OG``YEG J a FGdG SDdG IYe a IQGR``dG e k ZQn h
FGdG SDdG H jZCG dhGd dG j d OTQEG dG
eBG jZCG fE LdG dG fh WdG J f J Y
dEG Je a dG K IOjR ddHh eOBG Sd dU
.dG hCG d FN hM Y fL
,,,adG dh Gh


( )

:(HACCP System Sg f) LG dG fh WG f
SG dEG dhs CG fEG jGH e jZCG eS jd e Y jW
PJGh Jh gjJh YdG dG QOe Y dG H FdG
.jbdG CGe Y Gk OYG jZCG eS d Y IdGh Hbd HGJ

:WG
dG bdG AMCH dG e jM W hP jh e Z J Qe CG
e e FdG cdH dG e Fc hCG/h d dG hCG VGeCd
OGe -dG OdG -jdG dGh ISCG -jdG dG -GdG
HJCG hCG GdG AGLCG hCG jdG LCG e Fja hCG/h dGh dG
.a dG Y dM a dG Uh AGdG eS Y KDJh gZh

:(dG HGJ) dG GAGLEG

hCG dG QNC jZCG eS VJ d J CG j fCG hCG HGJ CG
.dG idG dEG J hCG WdG g Y Ad

:(HACCP Plan) Sg N
SSCG Y J eh jJ J dG Sg ja aH He Kh

dG dG QOe a d YJG j IOe GN Jh Sg Oeh

.LfEG MGe N AGdG eS OJ
:
.U Y adGh dG ZQ d AGdG eS V
.IQdG UGdGh jdGh dG de Y
.HdG Z AGdG e gGT Jh dG K Y adG
Ya V ddHh AGdG eS FSd k J cCG AGdG dhGe L
.eBG AGZ fEG a
e dG Y j Fbh f fEG M GSCG e dG S Ua J
.AGdH JdG dG QNCG
.ddG GSCd jd FGdG BdG eCG dG a
.dG HbdH dG dG e J
.dG HbdH dG dG b e dG GQjdG QGJ dEG LdG J
.dG gGd k ah FGdG BdG J dS
S`g `f `H e k jJ AGdG hG``J a edG L j
SMEG e jjh JAc aQ dEG dP ODj M gCH gj e
.JGdG FGdG HbdH e ICdG jh AGdG eS J ddH
Oj e dG d k ah jZG hG``J a edG gCJh jQJ
.dGh FGdG BdG Y IFdH


( )

:
LfEG dG h``X ``a J dG GAG`` `LEG hCG G````dG Ye
dG jQhdG hdGh dG aJ M e ICdG a J dG dGh
.eBG U AGZ fE ODJ

:eGdG J Jh

:IG dG SQ
ah jQGOEG UGd k W AGdG J Y j e c bGe Y IQY
e jJ jh .edGh IOdG UGH j AG``Z fE IOe
dG f M iNC ICe e J dGh IdG dG SQe UY
ed dG WGTG ,GdGh BG ,ICd dG WGTG e
.jdGh SGh dGh

:Jh dGh ad SdG GAGLEG

.VQCG Jh J
.jdG fCG J
.GdGh GhOCG Jh J
.jdG TJ Ge J
.AGd edG Z SCG J
.AGdG Te J

.GhOCG Z ce Jh J
.dGh dG Geh GhOCG

:Jh fdGh IjG

hCG dBG d S hCG dO LGJ SSCG Y e ICdG NGO Fbh fU efH
.d FbdG fdG Oeh jW jJ e FGdG ICdG a ee Ie
IKDdG ILCG UN ICdG a edG ILCG Ijd ec efH
.LdG dG f SGh UQ a YJ hCG AGdG eS Y

:Jh aBG ehe

aBG f cP e a dGh dG aBG ehe Y ec e efH
.LGdGh dG Iah edG GhOCGh ehdG FShh IdG

:jh gCdGh jQdG

.ed dG dG Y jQdG
.dGh dG eGH Y jQdG
.FbdG fdG eGH Y jQdG
.IdG dG SQeh IdG dG SQdG Y jQdG
.(SSOPs) SdG dG SQdG Y jQdG


( )

.Sg N OGYEG Y jQdG

.Sg d jdG eGd NGdG LGdG Y jQdG

:jh FGdG G LSG

.FGdG dG jJh bH UdG dG
.LdG FGdG dG eS Y dH UdG GAGLEG
.LSG jH UdG fdGh edG
.FGdG ICdG e edG fH
.LSG efd dG GdG
bQ e dG hT J LSG jd H j dG FSdG
.fhdEG jdGh OdG jdG cdG JdG
.GSCG e YLSG J dG dG e J dG GAGLEG
.LSG efH IAc e dG GAGLEG
Fd e j ah FGdG ICd jdG eGdG d Fb LJh
dG jdG eGdG Od HdG Y M VJ dG dG Fb
HdG Y M M YJG j dG dG GAGLEG hCG/h AGLEGh

jdG eGdG a Fd e
:jQ``dG
:LGdG SG
:dG
:IC`dG SG
:JdG bQ
:G`` ` ` ` ` ` ` dG
:fhdEG jdG
:c`` ` ` ` ` ` `dG
( ) He Z ( ) He :dG a f
dG GAGLEG cP e HdG Y M hJ HdG Y dM a
dG AGLEG
HdG Y dM
bdG

:LGdG SEG
:bdG
:jQdG


( )

:
.IQGOEG YOh aGe Y dG
.ICdH jJ eGH OLh e cCdG
:j Sg d OGYEG
.jdH Y c eh QhO jJh Sg ja J -1
.eGSGh jRJ jWh FGdG dG Uh -2
.SG jWh FGdG d dG dG jJ -3
.dG dG GN d J SQ -4
.dGh LfEG dG J e Uh bO e dG Y dG -5
.dG GAGLEG Vhh WdG J -6
.QGdG jJ IT SH LdG dG f J -7
.LM J f c Y LdG OhdG Vh -8
.LdG dG d UdGh HdG GAGLEG Vh -9
d GfG h``M Y YJG LGdG dG GAG`` LEG Vh -10
.LdG dG
.d e g c j dG CG e cCd dG GAGLEG Vh -11
J N edG dG dGh KdGh dG GAGLEG Vh -12
.Sg N
:dG FGdG BdH Sg N OGYE dG HdG ddG dG Vjh

Sg d OGYEG Gd dG HdG
jdG J
FGdG dG Uh
SG jWh AGd dG dG jJ
AGdG fEG Gd dG dG OGYEG
dG dG U e dG Y dG
dG je Vhh dG Qe J
LdG dG f jJ
LM J f d LdG OhdG Vh
LdG dG d SdGh UdGh SGh bGdG f Vh
dG GAGLEG jJ
YVdG Sg N e dG He e dG GAGLEG Vh
KdGh dG


( )

:GG g dGh dH hS j ah
:Sg ja J -1
:e jdG J j
.jdG FQ
.dG e
.dG dG QOeh dG dG NH gOY jh :jdG OGaCG

:Sg ja jQJ
Jh jdG GgCG d Gk L k jQJ Sg ja AYCG jQJ j
:Y cdG j dG UdG gCG eh bO H YVdG Sg N
.Sg f SSCG
(LdH - Fc Fja) dG WdG jJh dG c
.bO jH
.AGdG eS J a Sg f QhO

:cSGh jRJ jWh FGdG G Uh -2

cdGh (NdG) fdG Y UdG jh Sh hCG Ff e AGS
dGh dG hTh dGh dG fh OGYEGh dGh dG jWh
Ia (jOdG IQG```dG ``LQO Y hCG e hCG Oe) jRdG jWh hTh
.dG GSG Jh jdG WGTGh MdG

:SG jWh FGdG d G dG j -3

OGYEGh dG jW e SG jW Yh dG a Y dG
.AGdG d Jh jQGdG edG Ieh IQGdG LQOh
d adG dGh GSG jWh dG Uh ddG dG Vjh
.OdG NdG dG dG dG ff

:GSG jWh G Uh
OdG NdG dG dG dG ff

dG SG

GQdG e N dEG e he d e e edG dG FN

a CdGh e g Y gdGh dGh HGdGh
OdGh NdGh dGh YU hCG W ZCG
eN Sh a hCG FGg jJ J GY a CdGh
LhdG RZ e
SG b FdG dG SGH dG W j dG SG jW
dG Gd SdG dG dP e jh dG L d dG dG
j IQY cP e jdG hX J dG hG``J j jRdGh jdG jW
dG Id dG bH Y LdG IQGM LQO Y Gk Oe
k OJ
IQdG dG hCG/h jOdG SdG UGd W
MdG Ia
LQdGh NGdG GSCG
jRdGh dG e


( )

:dG dG GN J fl -4
a NDjh Oe FGZ d dG dG GN Uh Vj SQ gh
:dG Y Y j e QYG
.dG SdG Y LdG dG f jJ
k
a e Y JS dG g dG dG GN J e
.Sg f J
.dG Gg VYh d IOe YGb LJ
.dG GdG L Y dG j
dG QYG a NCGh e e J d dG dG IYGe
.ddGh HdG
.dG d gCG GP fdG L j
OGaCGh dG cMh GdGh BG JJ j NBG e OGYEG j
.dG Y MGe L N
.IM Y e d e e Y e H dG OJ dM a
dG dG ff d dG GdG J e ddG dG Vjh
.OdG NdG dG

e J GN J fl
OG NG G dG dG ff
dG OGe SG ZCG SG
dGh
dG

NdG SG
HGdGh dG) iNCG
(iNCG aVEGh

dG SG
IdG
dG U
IdG

OY jJ

Oe jJ

OY jJ

e jJ

Jh RdG
adG dG

RdG
dGh dG
a dG) dG
(dG ZCG
NdGh dG
AdH jdG
OdG
jJ J dG
FGg

jRdGh dG

OdG jdG

OdG a


( )

:dG dG J fl Uh bO e dG Y dG -5
dG fG e cGh bO e dG Y dG Sg ja Y
:jW Y FGdG d dG dG d Heh dG
.fEG d TdG dG
.dGh fEG Y ddG e JGh HdG
jdG ``NOEGh dG GAG``LEG Vh j HdG Y dM a h
.HdG dGh

:WG AGLEG -6
eS Y KDJ dGh dG gQOeh dG WdG Y dG VH
Hhe Y CJ b LdH hCG/h Fc hCG/h Fja J bh AGdG
.d e hCG Ve
dG hCG Y Ad WdG a d jdGh GAGLEG e Ye Vhh
UGdG hCG jdG a Y UdGh H dG Ohd J hCG e
dG GAGLEG hCG jdG J Jh WdG J GfCG e f d IQdG
.AGdG IOLh eS Y KDJ dG SSCG UdG a dG Y
FdGh FjdG dG WdG G`` fCG ddG hG``` dG ```V``Jh
a dG GAGLEGh gQOeh LddGh

:a dG GAGLEGh FjdG WG :k hCG

dG GAGLEG
QdG
dG
SdG e Ye IQfEG FSd ZCG GSG ,jGdGh ,YdG LGhh ,IQfEG QOe
LR
FbdG fdG -d hdG LdG hCG
LLR fGhCGh ,IQGdG LQO Seh
HdG SdG OGdG SGh FbdG fdG
QdGh dG HfCG
dRY OGe
IQdG SdG UGd
IdG dG SQdG Y jQdG
dG
dG dG
fdG , eGUh ee ,fe bh jT
dG FSh GSG e jQhdG FbdG fdG
BG
iNCG Oe CGh jM IOGH
dG dGh
fdG
dG MGe
Ff dG
,dGh GdG ae f ,AGjEG ceCG dGREG
VQCG
jM AGLCGh M Z aBG
SdG jdGh
GAfEGh fdG
YOdG -fdG
b dGh FbdG fdG - dG GSG e
fdG
dG IQf N b
SG
dG GdGh GhOCG
N aQCGh FSh Y fe FH
dGh dG FSh GSGh FbdG fdG
dGh dG OGe Heh ,``` SCGh ,``d ``` HQCGh ```N
gZh SH AGLCGh
SdG dG SQdG -dG FSh GSGh dG S Z T SQe -dhCG OGdG FS YCGh Uh eQh HJh QMCG


( )

dG GAGLEG
-jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
SQe -GSd IdG SQdG
(GAPs) IdG YGQdG
-jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
GSd IdG SQdG

:a dG GAGLEGh FdG WG:kfK

QdG

GSG

GdGh dG

dG
SG ,``f``e``` dGh ,G``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` ` e
FdG OGdGh ,jdG GOdGh
dGh IdG
SG gOLh j OG`` `eh Q``` MCGh ``` ` UCG
ae) dG OGdGh IdG fH
(ITe Z
SG
jZCG ae
GSG
SG
d FdG ddG OGe
GSG
SG Z) J OG`` `eh A`` `Wh `` f`` gO
(ITe

GSd IdG SQdG

SG
GSG

jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe

GSd IdG SQdG
jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
GSd IdG SQdG
jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
dGh ,IdG SG GAG``LEG JG
adG

:a dG Wh FdG WG :HJ

dG GAGLEG
QdG
dG
Y J .OGdG f M Y dG
YOdG
dG IOYEG
.edG FdG OGdG d NdG
FdG OGdG L OL
e ,dG b dG FSh Jh a
dG FSh dG FSh e i``NCG KdG G``fCG
Y e jH FdG OGdG T
dGh dGh
FGdG OGdG
FdG hCG FdG YdG SM J ```dG ```FG```dG OG``` dG
-jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
fEd
(GAPs) IdG YGQdG SQe hCG Hh AGdG fe H dG
hCG IdG IOeh AGdG fe MCG H
FGdG IOdG fe e W e
dEG adG OGdG MCG hCG dhCG
dG dG hCG f AGdG UdG Jh UeG GO``` ` e
Z jdG hX J jdGh
FGdG
SdG
jdGh dG :e
-jQdG IOT SG hTh UGe
IdG dG GAGLEG


( )

FGg

FGg
0^93

0^97-0^94
9-5

9^0-4^6

(50 6^0)

:Xe (48 3^3)

KGdG e dG
dG hJ (spores)
IQGdH J dh
(80-75)

GP ```FG``Z e
M `` ` `` ` ` ShCG
:``` U``N ``` ` ` ` ` e
,``` ` dGh ,Q``` ` ` dG
dGh ,``` ` SCGh
NdG hCG `````dG
iNCG jH eh
jdGh ,dG ```d
,``LGh``dGh ,``eh``dG
Ie ehe dh
i``NCG ```d ``` WCGh
,dG ``b``e :``` e
dGh ,AdGh

AGdG

jdG

SGhdGh QdGh HdG jjSc

(Q`` ` `` `` `fG `` ` ` ` `SGh) jaH
R``` ` dGh G`` ` `` `` `dGh Clostridium
`` ` `` `fE` `d `` `` ` ` ` dG perfringens
dGh ``fG``` ` dGh
dG

botulinum

Clostridium

dG RdGh HdG jjSc

fGdGh SCd dJH

QdG

:a dG GAGLEGh LddG WG :kdK

%10 5

f ie
a J dG idG
dG dG dG LQO
bQ
J FGdG dG VdG () IQGdG LQO
d
(aw) FdG
(pH)

% 8-5

%4
e b f a J ,FGg
jQNG FGg hCG cCG

jQNG FGg
0^92

0^93
9^5-4^39

9^5-3^8

(45 - 0^4)

(46^2-5^2)

jdG

fdS
(YGfCH)

Salmonella spp.

`` `jh`` `Mh ,`` H`` ` `dG jd

Hh AdGh ,YCG LSfe
,dG QO``` ` ` dG Listeria
fGdGh QdGh monocytogenes

HdGh QdGh AdG

dG ISh QdGh
``VQG``` dGh ,``H``` dG
I`` ` `LCGh ``` ` ` dGh
``fG`` ` `d jdG
LGhdG S

QdG

:a dG GAGLEGh LddG WG :HJ

AGdG
jdGh ,dG ```d
`` LGh`` dGh ,`` eh`` dG
eh ``` ` ` dGh
Sh ,``` ` ` dG
``` ` SCGh ,``` ` dG
dGh ``` a``` ` dG
dG R```Lh ,````dG
GRdGh ,dG
dGh
,dG Z N M
,``j``` dG `` ` ` ` `LCGh
GhNh ,``X``` dGh
``` dh ,I``` ` e ``` Z
eh ,Ie Z
IdG Z ``LGh``dG
dGh ,I``` ` e hCG
dG hCG NdG

f ie
a J dG idG
dG dG dG LQO
bQ
J FGdG dG VdG () IQGdG LQO
d
(aw) FdG
(pH)

%30


( )

%10 e YCG

%1^5-0^5
FGg
jQNG

jQNG FGg

Y J H dEG J
%10-5h chCG %5-2
HdG cCG fK
0^981-0^94

Y S Jh 0^83 Y J
0^86

0^912
11^0-4^8

9^8-4^0

8^0-4^9

(44 - 5^0)

dG Jh (47^8-6^1)
(46-10)Y jdG

(45 - 30)

f ie
a
J dG idG
dG dG dG LQO
bQ
J FGdG dG VdG () IQGdG LQO
d
(aw) FdG
(pH)

%10-0^5

QdG

jdG

:a dG GAGLEGh LddG WG :HJ

AGdG

,e Z N M ,Q``` ` dGh ,``H``` dG fLLcHec

``` dh ,`` ` LGh`` ` dGh ,A`` ` `dGh ,`` `LGh`` `dGh Campylobacter
jejuni
.Jeh iNCG ,dGh ,fGdGh
,VQGdGh ,``` dGh
MQdG QdG Hh

LdG,ehdG jdG ,`` ` `jCG :```` `` `fEG SccaS

ShdG ````dG ``` dh IdGh ,`` ` `fCGh SjQhCG
dGh ``` ` ` dGh hdGh eedG Staphylococcus
IdG ``````dGh dGh dG aureus
fdG dh IdH
dG :GdG
dCG eh dGh
dG dG
jdG ``W````dGh
``L``dGh `````dG ```Y
.fhdGh WdGh
hCG Ie Z ````SCG
QfCG e ja
hCG ,c Z QH Ie
SdgGQH
Vibrio
jdGh ,KJ YCG
parahaemolyticus
.jdG GUCGh

%5

%10
jQNG FGg

FGg
jQNG

jQNG FGg
0^95

0^945

0^961-0^912
9^0-4^40

10^0-4^0

9^3-4^9

(46 - 7^0)

(45 - 0^0)

(55 - 4^0)

QdG

jdG

:a dG GAGLEGh LddG WG :HJ

AGdG

`` ` `` ` ` WCGh ,`` ` ` ` `` ` `dG ,AdGh ,QdGh ,HdG SH

,dGh ,GhG`````dG e G``fCGh ,JdGh jS
IdG ``` ` ` ` dGh `` j`` ZCGh ,``` ` dG Bacillus cereus
,HQdGh ,I`````d``H .GQdGh ,adG
dG RQCGh ,dGh
jfh gdH hCG AdH
``` W``` ` dG) i`` ` ` ` NCG
(fhdGh
,Jeh ``` ` dG RdGh ,AdGh ,HdG Sj
,dGh,GhdGh e G`` ` `fC ,``` ` dG dchfEG
.dCG eh ,QdG) ``f````dG Yersinia
(dGh ,dGh enterocolitica
Z `` ` `LGhOh ``` d fEd dG RdG c jjEG
dGh ,f hCG Ie
.fGdGh Escherichia coli
Enterovirulent
````````eh `` ` ` ` `dG
types
Z ``` Lh ,`` ` `dCG
.dGh ,e

f ie
a J dG idG
dG dG dG LQO
bQ
J FGdG
VdG
() IQGdG LQO
dG
d
(aw) FdG
(pH)

%8


( )

% 4^0-0^1

% 4 e bCG

%4^5 0^0
FGg
jQNG

FGg
jQNG

S OLh e ZdH FGg

fK %10-5 a aCG J
HdG cCG

FGg
jQNG
0^984-0^97

0^95
10 - 5

9^6-5^0

8^8-4^5

9^0-4^5

(43 - 8^0)

(43-10)

(42-6^0)

(45 0^0)

f ie
a J dG idG
dG dG dG LQO
bQ
J FGdG dG VdG () IQGdG LQO
d
(a ) FdG
(pH)

5^0-0^5
%

QdG

jdG

:a dG GAGLEGh LddG WG :HJ

AGdG

,SCG)jdGjZCG dGh FdG dG SfehjG

,GhdG (````L
dG ahQg
Aeromonas
dG ``LGh``dGh dG
hydroophila
dG ShH
IOY) dG h```J
:eh Brucella spp
`` ` ` ` ` ` `ZCG `` `` ` ` ` M
QHCG
ShdG -1
dGh (YdGh
dG
M ``e dG
Brucella abortus
L e) e Z
YdGh ZCG dG ShH -2
(RdG YdG
ddG

FdG dG Gdc ja

Brucella melitensis

``j``` ` dG `` ` j`` ` ZCG

RQCGh Gh``` ` ` dGh
dGh dG

FdG dG a ja

Vibrio vulnificus

vibrio cholerae

``j``` ` dG `` ` j`` ` ZCG

dG UNh

:CG kFGO cJ
.j( 30) e WCG Id (20-) dG IQGM LQO a j T he
YCG VM LQO Y je S j gdG OdG QdG hdG
.(5^0) e bCG hCG (9^0) e
dG IQGM LQO hJ gdG OdG QdG hd jdG dG
.YS Id
(56) IQGdH J SEd dG jS SH he S
LQO Y HK CG IQGdG hJ Dd dG dGh FbO (5) Id
.bO (90) Id (121^2) IQGM
j dH jjSc he gRj dG dG Ye e S CG
.FbO (5) Id (85) hCG bO (20) Id (78^9) IQGdH
H ddGh SCGh cdG M hj cjjG he
.(%1^5)
:LdG dG f jJ
hCG dG hCG AdG j a dG Y dG dG NGO IN CG
CG Y dG j hCG H dG OhdG dEG KhM bdG QdG J
dG Y Y dG dG dG e dG g LdG dG f
.dG H Gk QV FGdG dG e j CG j a
jJ IT GSH LdG dG f hCG f jJ jh
f Y dG jW Y j dGh adG dH VdGh QGdG
SCG e OY Y HLEH dPh dG Y N LdG dG
dG GN e IN c Y IdG g J jh IOdG
J j dG LdG dG d Oe OY g dh IM Y
.SCG Gg SH

.1
.2
.3
.4

.5
.6
.7


) (






 

 










!



#





$%
&' (
)
*+
,-
+./
012

#

 3

"




4


%#
56

"



'7
8
94:
,-1
;<<7
<0
)
*+


=!
>6
?:
@!!%

#




"


AB

)C
'C<
D0
E!
E 4
D

E!
F G
H
D


I%
6

I%
6

"







 3

4


%#

 3

!
-
I%
.
I%
6
D
MN
,

,-



O%#

0
P/
'Q:




O%#
Q
!
MR#
S0

#



D0
J!
?:
%41

>4:
&CK2

6
?:
@L
>60
D0


)C
'7/

I%

"







#

4


%#
56


(
!
,-
,
C

?:
%#:

dG IN
LdG
(/f)

:QGdG jJ IT GSH LdG dG f jJ c ddG dG Vjh

LdG dG f jJ S

g ddG GDdG
g HGdG GDdG QH dG
fdG GDdG g hCG GDdG
dJ IN LJ Rhj dG IdG g g je LJ dG IdG
dG a d jdG a d e LM J
(/f)
(/f) ddG (/f) dG
(/f)

:jQdG
:OYG


( )

:LM f d LG OhG j -8
H Je J Se d J j b fCH LdG OhdG J
Zh eCG dG dG H dG VH Jh LdG dG
f e f c Y WdG dh .``eBG Zh ``eBG AGdG H hCG eBG
dG hCG e cCd J GAGLEG OLh e H J HdG LdG dG
.cCG hCG M M GAGLEG J e AGLEG dh WdG J hCG e
g Vhh jJ a dG LGdGh jdGh SdG UGdH jh
LdG OhdG
dG Wd LdG Ohd eCG ddG hdG Vjh
LdG OhdG

dG f

dG

CCP LdG

IdG
fK (15) Id (72^15) IQGM LQO Y
dG a VdG jdG e d
YS Id (90) IQG``M ``LQO Y a ```````````````dG
e b (2) H NdG AGdG aJh GaCGh FdG
dG A````KCG dG S .bO c NdG AGdH
HWdG idG d S (1^5)
FdG dH UdGh FGdG IOdH
KGdG f d (0^85) ``dEG H
adG jZCG a VdG
(%3^5) cJ dG eM a dG VMCG aVEG
bH ````U````d ``Y````S ````f````K I````d
dG ``a (4^6) ```dEG VdG
dG jZCGh

Ve jH
jH KGL

Ve KGL

:LG dG f Sbh UQh bGe f j -9

jQhO H J Fja hCG Fc hCG LdHhe Sb hCG GQNG g
GSH LdG dG a dGh IdG ie jJ dN e j
J J CG jh .jdG QGdG PJG e J bOh jS GQNG
Y IdG a a CG hd bdGh jdG cG Y IQOb SdG
AGLEG PJG j M LdG dG f e f CG Y QNCG QOe
dG GAGLEG hCG AGLEG Y IdG IOYE bdGh SdG dG
J hCG e dG hCG WdG Y Ad LdG dG f Y dG
M SdG g KJh Jh gjJ S dG ddG LdG Ohd
.dG Me a dSG j

:SdGh UdGh bGG W

.dG FGN Y SdG Ff J dN e j Ie W
r
.aO Y
r
edG ILCG J CG Y YSh bd IdG dG Jh
r
bH Ije
:SdGh UdG W gCG eh dG dG d jYh
r
.(GdG dG dG FGdG dG dG) dG dG
r
LQO{ LhQdG ``SCG FdG dG) FjdG FdG
r
.(IQGdG LQO edG dG VdG zVdG
e adG OGdG cJ eCG cJ) FdG FdG
r
.(gZh - fedGh GdG
.LdHhdG GQNG
r


( )

:dG GAGLEG j -10

dG f bGe f VJ eY gPJG LGdG GAGLEG hCG AGLEG J
ddG a Jh d LdG OhdG QN fCG hCG IdG QN fCG LdG
:ddG
Y LdG dG f GfG Y SdGh UdG Ff J eY
r
.d dG dG hCG d YVdG LdG OhdG hCG dG
WdG a IdGh dG Ga Y SdGh UdG Ff J eY
r
IdG hCG dG jd AGLEG j Yh LdG dG f Y
.IdH Md dG

:dG GAGLEG J CG jh
.OdG hCG GfG SCG hCG S ae
r
.OdG hCG GfG hM Y PJG j dG dG AGLEG
r
hM bh LfEG J dG FGdG dG e PJG j dG AGLEG
r
.bO H QNGh a j M OdG hCG GfG
.OdG hCG GfG Gg hM QGJ d PJG j dG AGLEG
r
:gh FGdG dG J H GAGLEG KK a dG GAGLEG J h
.FGdG dG J IOYEG
r
.FGdG dG SH dG
r
.HdG Z FGdG dG JEG
r
GAGLEG GSGh LdG dG d OdG hCG GfG hM QGJ Yh
.H CN OLh M YVdG Sg N Jh LGe j dG

:dG GAGLEd eCG

.dGh dG
r
.dG dG hCG dG e HdG YdG V
r
.jQGdG edG bhh IQGM LQO V
r

:dG GAGLEG -11

f He dN e j Sg ja b e J Sb hCG GAGLEG g
Sg N e aGeh KCJ hP fCG KEGh FGdG ICdG NGO dG Sg
:ddG dG e d IOe eR Ga Y Jh YVdG
.dG dG hCG dG eS OJ dG WdG J Sg GAGLEG Ya
r
dGh dG GAG``LEGh iJ dG SdGh UdG W bOh U
r
.AGdG eS Y dG e cCdG Y YJ

:dG j e
:ddG dG a dG e dG j
J LdG dG f L CG e cCd Le hCG JhQ AG```LEG
r
.bGdG
.FdG FGdG dG eH e FQW hX J eY
r
.dG QOe e Qe Y IdG a hM Y
r
.Sh U jH J b Sg N Y NOCG dG jdG CG e cCdG
r

:dG MU e dG c
e Sg f e dH j CG FGdG ICdG NGO Sg jd j
:J f IY N


( )

fCG e cCd dG dG Md FGdG ICdG NGO QhdG

.d e g c J
.dGh FKdG LGe

.dGh FKdG IQGOEG

.HdG Z dG e JdG t nJ

.Jh dG S

.LGdGh bdG

r
r
r
r
r
r

:KdGh dG -12
QOe J Ff dch Sg f UY c Y J dG `dG Vh
.dG Uhh LdG dG f bGeh dG
:dEG KdGh dG gCG LJh
.d e g c IAH j Sg f CG KEG
r
.AGdG eH UdG jdGh fGd k ah J FGdG ICdG CG V
r
.dG GQGdG PJG dG LGe N e j
r
.FGdG dG Jh dG LGd edG GhOCG MCG dG
r

:dG GfCG
c eh Sg jH UdG dG Y Jh Sg N S

.jdH Y
.SG jWh dG dG jJh FGdG dG Uh

.dG Gg U e dGh dG d dG dG

.d dG je Vhh dG QOe J Ff S

UdG SCGh f d LdG OhdGh LdG dG f M S

r
r
r
r
r

.gPJG LGdG dG GAGLEG dch SdGh

.dG Sg N U e dG GAGLEG S
r
.LdG dG f He S
r
.dG GAGLEGh aGfEG S
r
.LGdG S
r
e Sh dG GAG``LEG Vhh WdG J J Pf j ah
Sg N

dG GAGLEG Vhh WG S
GAGLEG PJG GQe QV hM feEG dG QOe /dG IN
dG
QGdG
e AGdG eS Y
dG OGdG
(/f) dG Qe
LdH
Fc
Fja
LdH
Fc
Fja
LdH
Fc
Fja


( )

dG IN
LdG

QOe
dG

OhdG
LdG

GAGLEG
UdG
SdGh

GAGLEG
dG

GAGLEG
dG

dG

Sg N e S

GPe
c
e
e
LdH
Fc
Fja
LdH
Fc
Fja
LdH
Fc
Fja

 1431/534 :
978-603-8008-38-6: