CMPE 6002 Network Design

Assignment One

Due Date: 14 March 2016

Submitted Date: 14 March 2016

Submitted By: 18183494

Question 1: (30 marks)

Consider sending voice from host A to host B over a packet-switched network. Host A
converts analog voice to a digital 56 Kbps bit stream on the fly. Host A then groups the bits
into 48-byte packets. There is one link between hosts A and B; its transmission rate is
200Kbps and its propagation delay is 2msec. As soon as host A gathers a packet, it sends it to
host B. As soon as host B receives an entire packet, it converts the packets bits to an analog
signal. How much time elapses from the time a bit is created (from the original analog signal
at host A) unit the bit is decoded (as part of the analog signal at host B)?
Answer:
Given,
Packet length = 48 Bytes= 488 bits
Links transmission rate = 200 Kbps =2105 bps
Before a first bit of the first packet can be transmitted, all of the bits in the packet must be
generated which requires:
48 8
56 103 sec=6.857msec.

The time required to transmit the packet is

48 8
2 105 sec= 1.92m sec.

Propagation delay = 2 msec.

The delay until decoding is
6.857msec + 1.92m sec + 2msec = 10.777msec
So, each bits experience a delay of 10.777 msec.
Question 2: (30 marks)
Suppose users share a 1Mbps link. Also suppose each user requires 100Kbps when
transmitting, but each user transmits only 20% of the time.
a) When circuit switching is used, how many users can be supported? (5 marks)
b) For the remainder of the problem, suppose packet switching is used. Find the
probability that a given user is transmitting. (5 marks)
c) Suppose there are 20 users. Find the probability that at any given time, exactly n users
are transmitting simultaneously. (10 marks)
d) Find the probability that there are 11 or more users transmitting simultaneously. (10
marks)

Answer:
Given,
Link = 1Mbps= 106 bps

Each user require 100Kbps= 105 bps

a) For circuit switched network, number of User can support = 106/105 = 10
So, 10 users can be supported.
b) Each user transmit only 20% time
So, probability of transmission p=0.2.
c) From binomial distribution among 20 users; probability of transmission by n users at a
given time is given by
20 n
20 n

p 1 p
P(X=n)= n
Where p = 0.2
d) We have
20 n
20 n
p 1 p
n0 n
10

P(x11)=
20

(0.2)0 1 0.2 20 0
P(0)= 0
= 11(0.8)20 = 0.011529
20

(0.2)1 1 0.2 19
1

P(1)=
= 200.2(0.8)19 = 0.057646
20
18

(0.2) 2 1 0.2
P(2)= 2
= 0.1369
20

(0.2)3 1 0.2 17
P(3)= 3
= 0.205364
20

(0.2) 4 1 0.2 16
4

P(4)=
= 0.2181994
20
15

(0.2)5 1 0.2
P(5)= 5
= 0.1745595
20

(0.2)6 1 0.2 14
P(6)= 6
= 0.109090997
20

(0.2)7 1 0.2 13
P(7)= 7
= 0.05454985
20
12

(0.2)8 1 0.2
P(8)= 8
= 0.02216
20

(0.2)9 1 0.2 11
P(9)= 9
= 0.0073869
20

(0.2)10 1 0.2 10
P(10)= 10
= 0.0020314

 20 n
20 n
p 1 p
Now, 1- n 0 n
= 1- [P(0)+ P(1)+ P(2)+ P(3)+ P(4)+ P(5)+ P(6)+ P(7)+
P(8)+P(9)+ P(10)]
=1- 0.9994257
=0.0005743
10

Question 3: (40 marks)

a) A network on the Internet has a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0. What is the maximum
number of hosts it can handle? (10 marks)
Answer:
255.255.240.0=1111 1111. 1111 1111. 1111 0000. 0000 0000. The maximum number
of hosts it can handle is 212-2=4094.
b) A router has the following (CIDR) entries in its routing table:
Address/mask
Next hop
135.46.56.0/22
Interface 0
135.46.60.0/22
Interface 1
135.46.48.0/20
Interface 2
192.53.40.0/23
Router 1
default
Router 2
For each of the following IP addresses, what does the router do if a packet with that address
arrives? (30 marks)
1) 135.46.58.61
2) 135.46.45.14
3) 135.46.73.23
4) 135.42.57.71
5) 192.53.41.7
Answer:
135.46.56.0/22=135.46.001110 xx.xxxxxxxx,
Interface 0
135.46.60.0/22=135.46.001111xx.xxxxxxxx, Interface 1
135.46.48.0/20=135.46.0011 xxxx.xxxxxxxx,
Interface 2
192.53.40.0/23=192.53.0010100 x.xxxxxxxx,
Router 1
Default
Router 2
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

135.46.58.61=135.46.00111010.61,
135.46.45.14=135.46.00101101.14,
135.46.73.23=135.46.01001001.23,
135.42.57.71=192.53.00111001.71,
192.53.41.7=192.53.00101001.7,

to
to
to
to
to

Interface 0;
Router 2;
Router 2;
Router 2;
Router 1.