An Introduction to Manual Testing and its types:

Manual Testing:
Manual Testing is one of the earliest forms of testing procedures. Here, testing is carried out by
using executing test cases devoid of any automation tools. While Automation testing is done by
automation tools, manual testing requires man power to execute these test cases. There are
various testing types which come under manual testing, they are followed in a specific order as
below:
1. Unit testing
2.Integration testing
3 System testing
4.Acceptance testing
All these types of testing can carried both manually as well as by using automation testing.
Following is some introduction in to these testing procedures.

Unit Testing:
Unit testing is one of the processes in software testing where each unit component is tested to
make sure that software performs as designed. Followed by an integration testing again, unit
testing is the first test process carried out in testing. Modular codes are preferred, In order to
make this testing possible which in turn helps by reusing these codes when necessary. Though
process is often tedious and time consuming, the amount of the time taken to fix the bugs
during this stage is less compared to other forms, so it does help you in the development
process.

Integration Testing:
While unit testing focuses on testing each and every unit component individually , integration
testing is all about test the software modules by integrating them .A software project comprises
of many modules which are individually coded and integrated as a whole. Hence, this
integration testing is essential for making sure that these modules communicate efficiently in
order to work as a whole.

System Testing:
As the system is tested for its efficiency of integration in the integration testing; System
testing is the next step in the chronological order. System testing is done in order to
verify if the system is running in confirmation with the given requirements. Test cases
and suites are built to inspect the working of the software product from an external
users perspective without focusing on internal code.

Acceptance Testing:
This type of testing is done at the business end of the application to see if the
application is as per the business requirements. This testing is performed the product is
available to the actual use by the users. So, in order to make sure the product is fit and
fine, it is subjected to two types of testing: Internal acceptance testing and external
acceptance testing. While the internal acceptance testing is performed by the
development team; external acceptance is performed by real time users called User
Acceptance Testing.