Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
, 2(4): 426-433
(ISSN: 2455-1716)
JULY-2016
Division of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology and Sciences, Patel Nagar, Dehradun,
Uttarakhand, India
*
Address for Correspondence: Somesh, Division of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of
Technology and Sciences, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Received: 21 April 2016/Revised: 27 May 2016/Accepted: 15 June 2016
ABSTRACT- Alzheimer Disease (AD) is an incurable progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It is the most common
cause of dementia and is increasing worldwide. Various mechanism of pathogenesis of AD is given and is still under
study. Despite of its etiology, the disease is characterized by presence of senile plaques which is deposition of Amyloid
Beta protein and other is intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Several other factors like Hypertension, diabetes, obesity
and inflammation, hormonal imbalance are associated with increased risk of AD. This article summarizes various
interventions which have impact on slowing the progression of disease therefore any intervention which delays the onset
of moderate to severe symptoms will have significant effect on patient and their families. Also it includes various drugs
and agents which are currently under clinical trial studies. These agents mainly act upon Beta Amyloid, cholinergic
system,various vaccines, antibodies, and Secretase inhibitors and modulators, Agent affecting phosphorylation and
blocking of tau protein along with agents which have indirect effect on neurotransmission like serotonergic 5HT,
Histaminergic H, modulation of acetylcholine response of -7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Development of new
drugs is very time consuming process and had very less chance of success. The drug which passes the phase 2 clinical
trials with positive results generally fails in phase 3 trial because of serious adverse effect and lack of drug safety profile.
Key-words- Alzheimer, Intervention, -Amyloid, Cholinergic
-------------------------------------------------IJLSSR-----------------------------------------------
INTRODUCTION
Website:
www.ijlssr.com
DOI:
10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.4.16
Page 426
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Modulation Of Neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
GABAnergic Modulation
Serotonin Receptor
Histaminergic modulation
Tau Based Therapies Include
Tau Phosphorylation Inhibition
Enhancing Tau degradation
Tau based Immunotherapy
Amyloid based strategies
Amyloid Transport
Secretase Enzyme Modulation
Promoting Amyloid Clearance
Amyloid Based Immunotherapy
Oxidative stress reduction
Antioxidant Supplementation
Promoting endogenous defense
Modulation of cellular calcium Homeostasis
Others
Caspase Inhibitors
Nitric Oxide synthase Modulation
Nucleic acid Drugs
Multi Target Direct Ligand
Cholinergic Theory
Effect of Treatment
Page 427
The result from large population studies suggest that hypertension (HT) in mild life is a risk factor for late life development of AD (38). Mild hypotension in elderly is associated
with lower incidence of AD (39-40) and other type of
dementia (41). Panel member of Eight Joint National
Committee in 2014, produced report which recommends
that hypertension in the elderly (greater than 60 years) is
treated with systolic blood pressure 150 and diastolic
blood pressure< 90., as more aggressive treatment to goal
SBP>140 and whereas for those over 75 years
cardiovascular risk was not affected until SBP>150
Suggesting that cardiovascular risk associated with BP
shifts with advancing age (42-43). BPof 135/80 mmHg is
associated with best cognitive performance in healthy
adults over 65 years. (44)
Antihypertensive Medication
Diet
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Active Immunization
Passive Immunization
- Secretase Inhibitors
Page 429
Other mechanism
SUMMARY
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Page 430
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