BIOL 2420 Body Fluids and Electrolytes Worksheet key

This will help you understand portions of Chapters 1, 2, and 5 that relate to
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance. This is most effective when filled
out in conjunction with the Interactive Physiology Tutorials. All questions
relate to lecture material (directly or indirectly).
This is not required. An answer key will be provided if you show me a worksheet
that is at least 50% completed.
Introduction to Body Fluids
1. Name three functions of water. 6 listed here
a. solvent, (transport), reactant, maintain body temperature, protective cushioning,
lubricant
3. a. The amount of water in the body depends on the amount of ____adipose/fat tissue
(fat holds less water than lean tissue)
b. From the Interactive Physiology CD(software), list the person with the highest and
lowest percentage of water and give the percentage.
1. Highest ___newborns 73%
2. Lowest heavier persons 40%
4. List the three fluid compartments and the percentage of total body water in each.
a. ___Intracellular fluid 62%__
b. __Interstitial fluid 30%
c. __Plasma 8%
5. Give an example of each of the following solutes:
a. Ions/electrolytes ____Na+, K+, Cl- etc
b Nonelectrolytes proteins
6. List the major extracellular and intracellular cations and anions
a. Extracellular cations: __Na+__anions: ____Cl-_
b. Intracellular cations: K+ anions: __ proteins, phosphates
7. Within a fluid compartment, the total number of positive charges

must be equal to the total number of _negative charges

8. Name at least three functions for electrolytes: 7 listed here
cofactors for enzymes, contribute to membrane and action potentials, secretion and
action of hormones, muscle contraction, acid/base balance, secondary active
transport, osmosis
9. Osmosis: When more solute particles are added to one side of a container with a
selectively permeable membrane, which way will the water move?
Water moves toward the side with more particles (hypertonic side)
10. What happens to a patients red blood cells when the following solutions are
given:
a. Hypotonic solution cells expand/swell ->hemolysis
b. Hypertonic solution cells shrink ->crenate
c. Isotonic solution _ volume of cell remains constant
Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance: Acid-Base Homeostasis
1. List the three important buffer systems in the body

1.blood buffers:
a.carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system b. phosphate buffer system c. protein
buffer system
2. respiratory system
3. renal system
2. Write the equation showing the relationship of CO 2 and H2O levels with bicarbonate
and hydrogen ion levels:
CO2 + H2O _H2C03__ H+ + HC03
3. A decrease in respiration will result in _ increase CO2 and will shift the equation
to the right_, resulting in an increase in _ H+ ions, making the plasma
more acidic_______.
5. a. Normal arterial pH is 7.35__ to _7.45_.
b. What is the pH in alkalosis? >7.45
c. What is the pH in acidosis? <7.35