BUND au er Plutonium Experiment La |THE PLUTONIUM EXPERIMENT edger feel itt tir nfirmed com ter kp hid, nn Inohstve parts, The Tribals of tir TUESDAY; iter Sioens isfy Calor tonne ie bathe’ ‘eth anor (WEDNESDAY: Es tah once wl (dade ter Her rfc THE AUUQUERQUE RIBLNE / THE PUCTONIM ERENT _MOONBER 15,1983 ELMER ALLEN - “CAL-3” ‘Ty met. bsting Paso rroad station eb war raged on nay ner cotinet ‘mer fon and Freda Haley fal in lo, mared and moved othe Bay area Sart net fe "pute ew gong urn ito a rghinare na San Franco bop,ELMER ALLEN LOSES HIS LEG — AND ALL HOPE Elmer and Fredna’s relationship began in the turmoil of World War Il, and the fallout from that war was to cloud their lives forever. 13:30pm on aly 18,147, decesia an Franco xt Tosa tz eda epson expert ey repo The patent ead pre with a tps ean nied tense Dec ae wal ‘SEER ty cerdand in ema” Srbaitaye wes Cannon ear sot calf he ma leftlee A peer nostlued wis psontan ae a ‘Teioncal onion terion ndsareseo Eth mason Botaocene Themed aks aninch Te weer ccdng wh ‘te mihi and pane scmf"whasoee 6 2a ac “Tes cy ner et egos tmp mths or wl was esas eptitng bos se Tae pls er So a ‘Soy whos roncencouauingussectexpmentwee geri fin ‘Ehren ce tng pr sna fine ne dy “he plat ws Es Allen He waste thas psn os Ste etren 1S and ewnoftay Texas whee ble ig vad Hew ape a cham nde dap ene hp * Scie any Scored ary ais sings St fovtedbonrd vas heuer 14 en rd Hadley segping gp ltteers ne wea fea dae Rar tari bent Son Deyiee’ ntneofoad frewltand met iomecomngs is ‘Senay cana ia a va Fn yeu sat on Clee i usin Teas asin EL peor nti freee eet “Selene ping onthe tg This woman a ce, sd lyn nd ral ale eed ack ter 8 ‘oat nly ced es” talc "he aoc ln spre te Pll Concedes,Nea 30 years afer Eimer ‘had grown accustomed 82 the phantom aches and pains ofthe amputated he was rough tho Univers of Rochester Siro Memorial Hospital mers noo tbe ath abet the tule, wich in eet be collection of bis urine stot and blood sam ples Fra sas the doctor ‘nie picture & Christine Waterhouse uo cared for oer onion pa fens fr may yas er eco, Eine and ren we arson Sept. 1,18 te ecry Ricmond Toei ch Fc stun carne A std ER lam, wasbomtwo yeas er int otndiskasaralat pre wi eda weed aa hehe Like Texas the posta iy ares ns sl egret the fhe At colt ‘Skee were optimise about th ie Home ut araclent aescrodon Set}. tote minor cellent rly. ich wastes een wel Soon win nico wen eed ‘ettaew hana jeg bse Ee Tn he go bck Oakland com pany dott tok an Xs. The cis acu Eimer asa Sop he a Ae age nd ‘irate ante docte “Xscund 9 sowedatlon inte ead pro Ao Oe Asma oon ied ine goverment cn pride we ned- dso Emer. 1 a rome of Ener decent reid under he Fredo, jhjemane lemons erro hepisiian of CALS Ce sein ws it eu aye epee Te somcon ay «smell oon sath of Dolls, eu a eee eis he wcet dsr wate ev ae i a i merican ma abst 80 ear a whos ef eg had Been ‘puted ers "Bait ly Hal x 1972 mer len wo te ma were oe oy ws at Bed year ag. "Do you wot hs we on? hak Erie Pi i hedene ere i I ea Ti aoc. ‘Freda maid germ dimen. "tho Emer ld aly cor and ood en abot he at en shocked ProtaandEimerne I! parca ‘pth ed ins ial governor “The fee a of newly forming ome, ‘SRamrnaton heen FENG Panui ne” He coal ‘oe rer emo nd wa rok ‘phe 107 ‘etc inet Utes of (isp San Frc Byte Hepa ad cial sittin wa Seperate, Hs ee had ‘Seton eo ar ines erga ‘tnd wo cere cond put ‘Seiten He war aig Pin ‘on td nd bec ont of ork fer foi Accor hosp ap ‘Soto ins Sin eb ae 5 9 ‘nea (isreataloe vas 35 month) Elmers diagnos worened nde ltr war ned othe San Fan (islamic show the ‘mag costae tug cage ‘Soe oncemidaem toma econ reco supa det baie Set posia bone eer" ‘aaa ened Shy 7. The ocr eamiing stent 25% oe athe sean ices is option Bet, be sd "Fray ha tener nthe clap oe The He oem et icon. "ly 19th oop pat cg) deprtnnt does seed OD. Eee Tet tna fm of one Tenorfape and om iota yer ‘thal be plac ‘Sen da Son 20,91 e019 "ideale me mgr Prensa "pte abt vor a at pop sy andi il ono fie Sanna ay eer c "se eimcrn elo iferent a.m angry ery But ‘eng A rican, ay egy abe at in. as whe (Slee ap dpe ayes te eed putter bc str ofher ion if Shgrehe pear on thre The sence 4 Jr ter mca ncar fom hc Univ of Cake a ‘SiS rte hn hel tn isemanesar ere ea oct roma fly tet hy pemet o85 pent of fens whofe de with yeas Stasaoomery "Todo wees afr nea: ‘aon at bri reas mind. Wat ‘Ro rementers moat show sare te ooo babies porta aba Sieshan amped sea "Tey wee both i om Boe mt ssobbe natin ameeabea wed cou a sun" Ge ‘cium asd Nebel bay ae home “bet weed bow "Son led fe ge Pein was covered in 141 co the Unive of Caer camps ‘Besley Pun 239 hse ot ‘ees yu, ene aes fora of ‘Simone es ey ‘Femi poeta of soion. 8 pletion trees ‘Foie wnryersa te prt mas ‘Reogsed Score of young tt PoeSPONSORED By ITALY VOLLEIRE DEPTAGE De Predina stds the scarred ground ‘and a smal metal plate marking the grave of mer, the last surseng pl itm patont He died in June 1991, 14 yearg afer be was ‘hal anal yet ‘wi plone Predna can't unde stand why doctors ich ince er in the discussions su inecting ber nasband wth puto nn “sce hike they should bave fold me abut shes. nilgrams of pon abot sie of teen of pa) were state oral Stuics by piyssian and researcher Sbsep Hamniton at UC-Beriley. Col Sar Waren thc medeal Met tthe Manian Project who auboied the cypenment,deverbed plutonium in [946 5 the tos poisonous chemical own nim ad propre similar tothe sation clement rasan, The ura {oll wreaked by radium was wel-doce fmencd, and the federal poverament ‘tae oad a simi tgedy 95 "ung women who ad worked inf sohespaimng hanno gues on wach (Tabada acd pti te 19205 sere developing cance Hs seed Ut ny hd valloed etal amounts Stadium when licking, ele pala frome e Walkera, which eeayedto aon andl be decte inthe breath te ny way to messure pli in he dy a tough rie and oo. And the oly way fo cxrapolte how much plutonium 2 perm may have, Beet Exped to searchers gure was thrmagh an capermentin which a oon {tomatoe oad nroduced into the bey and earflly eased in ‘he unne wd sels. 'Stodies conducted 09 man involving theimreduton of known quanites of the lament ito the maa body wee red asthe on soon the prob Tem states report bythe Atomic Et ‘ey Commission wich iwesigstedte ‘periment 97 Fe meron gan in 98S, just ree monte before J. Rober Oppenicinet (iMchd he stom bomb near A= pod and scald an ancient Hinds Soation Tram become Death, the Toye of work” “Te patent injected on Api 1, 19, wasen Ate Amero sang Frenscer ao iris nd spied te Manian Engin Distt Hosp {alin Oak Ridges Tenn. The patent ‘athed oat ofthe hospital several weeks “It really should have been called ‘plutium.’ But we liked how ‘plutonium’ rolled off the tongue.” ‘Glenn Seaborg Ccodisemverer of plutonium later, giving ist along el bei by ‘Soeseuther at he pon act sly had pomateda apd Healing of he tones “Tney ge hima whopping dose ‘Fpnia eae Kart Monet former decor of Oak Ridges heath pics vision “They were pas Dickman who hadbee scoala toe nd weed out ofthe spl ad sp "Te pits were injected tilings Hospial at the Unversity of Chicago, the peat cad Ele, wee Inge atthe Univer of California losin San Francsce; and the fermning Tl patents were nected a ‘Stone Mesorl Hsp the teaching op oft Univer of Rchestr in ‘ste New York "Wiig Langham, a grou leader in radibolgy a Las Aes 9 6 Rocher tp cut i pe InentonteTkRosbeer patents. Lang Spies hppa back to New Mexioby {ait Los Amos ie chemal nly Rote srne, sel, Blood and tse ‘Shapes ken opens. ‘Shenae werloning forptiis ut. ‘ering fom chon cases that made ‘Srv for more than 1 yes nf ‘Foo reson ly bli ising, ne Truman abd on arian nt they wane ved he poss iy of adation effets, such scan, ‘Rowing up ltr ie Second ext test improved th chances of obtaining ‘secon "Fe pscns were AficarAmericn, sod 15 wre White Five — ink Ener, Abert Steves, Joho Mons Fda Scales Cation — ved fr more jet, sme slenitssy- "find hat ‘Then peole psy God when they find Tretony terminal and hereto ll Fight fo do someming wo them you ‘moult do ater pone, nd tat ‘er nobus” id Bele sett John Gofian,conslderet one of the worden experts on ower ma ind hy lived $0 years the ptm, tents woul ne ected an aver Er tines the itn te eer pe Soo wceives ins Hetie fom ack: (pound and medical Xrays. But hee set recived mach more Tier cede males dose, bute sented plutoiu 238, abot” form ‘arse unable snd more rate fan pltoian 239. About al esined Inte amped ey, ging Emer abot sSvtimes the radon he serge perc ‘Scents oy dagen wheter he plutonium Would have increased the Fasens pain worsened th ands rhascor ht dent." hin ay of these expomu cold cose exerting prinin epson who woul suerte Serene mae Noe "But Roland Fitna bel physicist -whojstrted fom Sanford Universty Tulip The Trbunecalute tea ‘Sto doves, etd unl the doses ‘ould hae casod any inmate ee ets, The eal danger, be wk would {ive bce fe development oleukminor gol aos oat ie "would nt ae cased any mensuabe fet nthe easter oat “Te id ner eas were ues the pon injection and ‘Site warn cies ete Brewer or came c Se observation hat cancer id no, spparely, develop in any of these ‘Bjcted pets does rot mean ha S12 ae$$ iNovEMBER 15,1969 Wb Eimer ailing, Predna bad to cay much ofthe load of “irtook something away from me. 1 ‘haven't done all be things I could bave done.” raising to children doses nen were smal clue an- Se lion © Cobh arte py ‘Sng in Corin. “The toma {ny need ve sed cane ott im oral of hs patents, br the fate" ovn immune syste could Es ctinintetb cancer Carafe iman ofthe Uni- "ety of Colorado eparnent fe Yenmtve matin an ered on aE “ror a oes tok at health ets tg putea ther po ff at Cordes Rocky las nals ‘expla. Cid i paonin ito ofthe ‘be mar a cou ave dered thepaieninmine systems and made them more nce to diese. “mane dfceny can conte 8 geavnny ofrepoms head Many yrs ater, when Elmer was back ina Fea he woud ll so end Soe Spat about the doctors whoacedn tod at of his hosp oom he ner slg was amputid Sry wee Pacing 10 be doctor.” perdi They were seat Di fon young men would come in, ling todo than hat eld me thy pat gem cancer in istep They gine-pigaed him. They ‘dn caresbouthim geting well Het {eke would never wel Decl a he cline were immediately nerd Ee. “OF great caching ‘alus & modi offical wrote om mers hat afte an xy vst. atic Dut, sent at Lene ‘ertley Laboratory in California sid the patent selection was bath "persons ‘edand random” heb the poole were just peo- heed : ‘Bustin wa ina scond generation of scien who "rediscovered the p= “Foe fa fllwop stl. In 146, she ‘wave yon ser wring inthe a of Geni Joceps Han, ove of the Ciperinerarhtt. “Py wee says onthe oak for snbody who bade ind tenia ‘seas who was gong 0 undergo 32 Dube Thee ot fey many of them. But hey ha ol leagues af UC-Sen Francisco and San ‘neice General who were ind of 8 ‘Getted a the “Chinese Hospi in Simrocsee “To ay er is eg was amputated ofall ‘ns Hopi in Sn rane frais ‘etre and afer te aaron He ded "ose and isn in Sa Fa aco. “Tere was no evdens filo. Serine shart of isp said DOE ‘ict drt Fredo of "When nef anything shout that cae, Durbin sald “is guaran ould speak English He gotten in ‘od orp aconsoucnes™ (Oa uly 18,1947, te whit cs placed con Elm lf eg afte the biopsy as Split down the sige and removed 1 pre re forte ce econ™ *Semethobbing pin btn ote is comfort” # doctor wrote in Elmer's "AL 30 pa. that yf metic people ff Elmers side He was old ‘Sta procedare they were sou! pet ‘cm The experimental mature of thn smuculr nection ftbeatonctve Fa ‘ranmple was explained to the patent, tho agreed upon the procedure. The Pet asin fly ercmed and insane Trin his dial records sae “Tiree dtr nda regseed nurse winowed the explrton, sie the Injection abd signed the names the treo writen Low Beer ‘a ALBUQUERQUE: TRIBUNE /-THE PLUTONIUM EXPERIMENT exo of Ener conse! fo. “One docior who signed his name was ‘oneam VA. Lower, another eary bens ‘cer poner who used ates ‘Sies metic eaten Low Bess fame shows op i Elmer’ medial feeords oly on he aye was pected ‘Fhe comet form also appears 0 have "Ener sth ony pata whom te in documented evince hat he wast tenet, The const fom, bos tr doce not debe wht he as ea en, Emer onset did come hose to fay set guidelines for {afore consent, wich que writen sckaegent by the patent afr ill incor of te reser, sks and na quand wy doco di not idee nor when they iscussed the experimental procedure with Elmer, “It ‘St thy sould net me beat Paewad Elmer’ daughter, Emein, sd et fac with i ied eduction, would hve undertod he explanation. "IC thy td my fter that was jected ‘rb pluto, ear woul ike ling ‘om fe was inject ithe crease SSht"Hewouldnavoow be iene” WHAT IS PLUTONIUM? Pion sso ti da en Goi ee mae ia ia opens cia no sori pasa ey SOS ou income et er paca mcesin cor teatd rea ft cds of aca weapon bd putt oa Fe i “ene Souci ny cans yoo scott aes aaah any amy Las + som Lo Aan atonal ce Answer: fn 194 athe University of Califia, Besley. ‘Goran: Wha she mort comment sed oo spe of t- ody? “Awe Pheoium 239, whichis cape fusing march castor Tat she ey tower weapons and for mskes- Famer reduction, Pionian 236, which smack mneracactve (Bed ren wars and elie genrtrsinspace. “Queston: Wy 5 4 Sa acta ents Eo ames sn eee higney tip parle, which composed of two protons and two neon maprclscan pean pce of pe ty eck 4 Mowietaniecrccnae elton Serer Th ney amg raion pron wich nepal charged Gestons are separated fom the neal gs ve he i al ees acarcfuly aed ti ene he health tes? xperanents sages ha xpou to alpa p- eee ae a ee aa“Tho fact that they were Injocted and provided this valuable data should é > ‘almost be sort of momorlalrathor than something to be ashamed of. ey Th doesn't bother me to talk about the plutonium injoctees because = "ofthe value ofthe Information that they provided.” sete pigments Fete THE CHRONOLOGICAL STORY, j1974 1975 | 2978 ee Coc eameetnes aa insite eei ore wo Pace 010 “TE: ALUM QUERQUE-THUDLAK/ FH PLUTONIUM SPEND noveveen 15.2089- many pes and reams fois ai” Williams sid be never sa evidence Gt Fru ated “tt is desired that m0 qcpiumiumaiay cleft Nether Hiner sor Fenram- Tie ccmod bcs in zexty Dalis, document be ‘on Elmer He sid he dt encourage.) dat erbdf teal purpose of reps shoes Gondwl Inder Spee at Sout cocment Seepantayarin tema ihsseicuranionansniosd released which ‘San thn ee wae to aa cues sho: Ei See Sek Geol iemcale-tck Pope en Sovesleiaincer wok rk foamy Memun beer bmbo! ede id ‘enfimof ie atl omy knw arias in otra gps Fito be Seccraptemtiotetves tia tet ‘amy togetier, Fox 35 yas he nat experiments with eed Son a oneal ithe — SEES tumans and might Setabeisehemee eee es merase ‘effect see es atee nie tas Tainrpehwcon ius Have adverse sot cing tme so Selae e ea acto Radapu rye nya a be a 18 SEETehe gekareonnsie ae OF Public opinion OF re onDetievTa Chek "hy moter tong is wag Shokrsunidesriace tok result in legal suits, scrdswactnnléxcisags tnt come fam ay ea” Cd ‘Sitckgavay Sanne tert dove SOUETU Tica pet may orp Shoup sigciiedheeaae""" Documents covering Sisci:.eiernelSctunl ellagl mt ey itr su ar pie ie icky dyaenelteremetae ougoeteasr et / netic biergtiets cree SUCh Work should be SSScinm item adrasinydar iesotyenmtpionsim™ | Kndngcerclicerc chlo oleeeified ‘secret! _Tmbrtsarsever Rashes: sotiecletocars ster aayre dor ack as an wa gig on Son Wha be ha my mar ‘mclaestnsasthewinpalefost hinge, place nea Freda Pr Us. Amy Comps Sefat Worth Covnbones flu worn at ar mm nr mate ys Sc cule, String Gee ares mong was cy wr al bern Whde ichentornpiertigtoneaais Of gees meme, 2947 eqns Asdiacr dri Eee_ wenger a Yes fom fopacteand ker be, ‘SigGingotnscedioa dye cr Sin fl orate ned fem eggceteo Hs in ond Tenaan my erencinCuege ekg vichoemaly ema + psn ap oto tyatemonnc ane soceSuioea ao ‘Scie enna ie cul ay. “hikcHs anatase ie Doon tele ne cea tg bathers wa ncn rhino cer avn his lng ahead uot ewes oad siase which normaly ine PalesSpe inertness arayoungermanwittis "The Als weeen tof, Yes: Bt Ele was lve athe 4 ‘Ajpba Gaooilenetwio Ete spouse pte icnid "aetna wolfe ben Yar, where upon cquhningeploseieranditas “Sys tstvvacu clon vbobadatot to Chicago and then hugreds of males Supe om ets ‘wingsakkrienicinanicwOu- oflimbundbeane memotnal ciple mrteatta Rochester Limasoes beth “the greta been cnet by In 'hein wouldprstarpoon nhs becue oft He ook othe bate and owes, pat tamcomparenes and sighs be shoul have een dead in five ov nicnhetalascigetn theme then goto tat He rotshy hapa: nace hotel roms gated thom. ex or soning ie hat ded Ueorne sige "He woud sw the mdlchaypneniaiorhsle Astras And thegovermcat scene act Sie John Rado, “Bove cancer Spoon 1 plese ht tongue on Gingtings ough was uang tae all gogo pay them S140 price somal fal ot gery, cue Bates eli protticcspone racic anecon, pazgin ooripsudesplsS[sady, He hae aos one Tchad ober poems, ledeak ako aur hangute gavel woud OntiedayafererartalinChcage, cone hat be probably do be toler, vay heniy: wil Tor 12 hme eto nse um Freda went signer Ele wettod_ Seneca” Ruta oes the che Yeasbeforc he di Eimer ade “Einrol Wiliams oni fx ofce spring mata Ib near Cheago_calaaias doe one econ sam KGa Rrmme.adaginide vsti etndhennyecel asp The bw paced wha bol pales fom Elen een ‘tment wma ode For ‘unr andre waecolecedand 1973 ‘Sie onson hale he dig se ‘Sete fr tc of paonam fom Dain the Sint frm Lawrence a Ieapagoineton, Bere Labonoy in Calera bo ‘Davi Willams, a plysican a neuby oth partis and wether as Agus he fein backdrop, Elmers reviewed Elmers medial records lo \Wasaiche wae mers famiy doctor vcnich fri oot faction ache wing paripton in te secood ad de doe he acearcy Of"CAL- Fertile 20 eas ofhsife Wilms Stouidhuvefnctosed Hiseoneienee pus ofan experiment anchedainost 33 dagen ‘Sulbedugnod Alln ss pormoid nenelasshvet vise itwasOK ove SOyearenict ban Anew geeaion Ttink the dames bae cance hace " Gigpbctscesndcmng se seman times wren sad Tec “Tibpara ia icin inha Pycscen-—nc torment cy alaget te pata at Toa ors ner nce Sed he vee CALS eg wi hare THE ACID TASTE OF PLUTONIUM ‘Stetotae tele off eyes Los Alans hens Doe ack acohating Manic oto arti eshowee-eehe eTown Pesca may arn hi Sefpnan Dect einai oot mentite acess See eee, SESE eo iacriseieetesdciee"""”"newcinne pepeton ea ec bettegnes “heayiammepiuonanor nospasemsthag be word “ie banded see wales tnd nd 'Go vet he pluo- Faved 203 and she bon talwelknerociyecaetakwaenatettsemcet nurs "tcettested ee re Sennett aon Math WER aceceuben oak "imag 2Stoabeleldes Poclber catia meres rogioen meta. pena ne eeAiconeate "vertu se wes ome grocer darctodecgwicginvtcs Ras awtre vol ptt mpi sipbenite senha by Tr Aga 19, Marek we inte heisty sya my wa ssi tool ia wool Naee iste acess Aipetateahaieraies risa ti te i ‘Sema astvasaubiag te pipes ct pose aaepe. aaa “Tn ees eve diac eect Ar ete ee aa See) atenesteiiier scone gare ci crs oy alan Tava wan SAmBE Sn u Bie repaen ShGdeiimwacctinslcepsnt matte Aso ae) fimcamwl ondocttebarbe tame Mscometeti pace, Sean ane ‘ery el ee tts Moa Mask < ‘Ean capone ie Shs etn ome yrk on de soca at Mk nde i ei | aces woe at ce agioa acinictyae ioamdoficininat rege typeset eed Sepia mt staat See s ey sce ope ier hak tela tuition ta Sauconprovided tis valuable data should lost Fev ort of memoria ater than some ‘hing tobe ashamed of I does’ bother tne total about the plutonium nectees because of the value ofthe information tatty provid” Tn lie December 1972, Derbi tured the information she had gathered ve © the thw definct Comer for Huan Rao thology at Argonne National Labortory tea Chicago. This was the organization ‘hatha followed he aun dal painters, the women who id of cancer afer ick ing the radioactive Brshes they used fo pat watches. ‘The Center for Human Radiobiology ‘woul do the chemical analyses. Scieatiss also wanted to stody the remain of deceaged patents, Over the tetfive yar they exhumed thee bad {Sand obtained the aces of » fourth nut "The MIT. Radioactivity Center in Phoenix wasin charge of geting permis- Son forte exbumatons om relatives ‘The staff tere had done sir work in {acing down radium dal pines and ‘ter people exposed to radioactive ee ‘ment "The arangement suited officials st Lawpece Berkeley Laboratory jst fine. rodacton of exhumed bodies io played wey role i te fis phase, took « “Supporting roe inthe 1973 follow-up, ‘Some sample fom the 1973 tis were ent to Lor Alamos, but Los Alamos ovis, partially Langham, wanted cepeuoritbe condi eho performed he inal chem aloes om TI Rocheset feces ea an Oak Ridge scien c= ind gown weary of ingen srn the xprinen, Darin rove a2 197 eter Re was Gone in pric thre Roc patcrshodnever bos ted they were tte of an xp trea ced te prevents Te pest on ene professional ie Datn wre "Hew uch te falweeamiile Geos Almas £007 rool be inert apart tat Tar they dd noe want fo be dec apse nor inet contact ih “Shumever ee scully obning sam pis eerste ine ad Frodo ip to Cag nd ochesterbegan with March 7.1973, Ieero te fly doctor AO. Dyes ‘for Agee Nat abort we are trying wo locte a patient of your he name of Emer Allen node ‘dos follow-up study on treatment he received fora sarcoma in July 1947, {rrote Austin Bes, medial director of ‘Argonne’ Cente for Human Radibi logy. We ar especialy imereed incase of this sort and ho partial interest ‘Soc ba thi uneal malgyant tumor ‘sedi shown sch long suv ine” Bie wrote “Pies assure hm it would oly befor cinervation snd cllecon of vere” be ‘Shed. Nowhere inthe leer plutonium ‘mentioned a mbetiace an ABC official Incr woud pont out dy as tien ‘etberapetc reasons Elmerne, grown and witha fumiy of er own the ime, members ex ps (hs exement "i was ke ita ing { beanadventre. Mj maser called. Sbe ‘sid Nou know, gt hs ete frm his ‘doctor hat was one of your dad doctrs ‘Nhon be had seg amputated in Califo “Please note that outside of CHR we will never use the word plutonium in regard to these cases. ‘These individuals are of interest to us because they may have received a radioactive material at some time’ is the kind of statement to be made, if we need to say anything at all.” Robert Rowland Director, Center for Human Radiobiology, ‘Argonne National Laboratory Hlmer never wanted to returh to lay, a small town south of Daalas that goes into. careverse kind of bi- bbernation when the fierce Texas beat strbes. In 1973, Elmer and Fredna went on a wi wind tip 0 Chicago and Rochester, NY Financed by Ar- ‘gonne National Lab- ‘onary, the tip in- ‘luded limousines, fresh flowers a $140 “paricipation fee ‘and $13 per day ‘Bua scientists di tel them the true purpose ofthe tip. ria, When she found out your father was Sil alive he was jst amazed and what thy wad dy hey wanted see ite will game to the Univesity of Rochester In New York to run some metabolism Scientist Rundo recalled seing the pints“ ooked at them. sw people ‘io were in reasonably good ses of Te conidong the ages considering (or ad lot leg 27 yeas earlier. These were normal people, nce people.” The plutonam nner wasbarey detectable Pits excreion rate was extremely om Rando sid "Af the et at Argonne; the Allens seated «day and ten boarded bus fo Rochester, where snoterimousne tok hemo tir ote Elmer spet 14 days in the metabolic unt at Seong Memorial Hep, rena kept several caves of the tip inching «Polaroid sapsbo of Elmer with a doctor she ietfied as ‘Chratine Waterhouse. A couple ofthe ‘medical people even gave he tei anto- traps. One vas asclett whos nae ‘ppm in scientific papers describing the ‘Phin found in fe nr ad bones of xhumotcoxpses Freda sad he ha no idea what the doctor wee doing "Every time ent 10 Sechin, he was ined. Ty would sy {he fod he would eat she said. Fortwo wesks, Elmer ate the same ind of od His wine and soo samples ‘wee peed regulary. On the ye was tobe discharged he hada size. They Syed an ext dy. (On April 17,1974, more than a yest iter Elmer had beta sent home, the ‘AECS Division of Inspection and the ‘Biomedical and Evironment Research ‘Division boganan vestigation. Thereson fren ant ca ° doled por of te fangs ter warped an hid "Ofeal Use ‘BEB oe nw aye dnt ne ie Tepor, bt The Tune Sed + cory us emer Capua Ie ‘shpat te DOE deed ames of Pte dor sit ane (en Tsering owed only Wher peta the 1988-47 po. sida gente flared one eet 7 ther the servo i 1973 wee peopery tama ete prose SeTitlow-up ster ond pve halt ‘omen * Wheber be ete ofthe eased pens er roe fared it “eae were 0,00 and Inston alae i, itiatgnecrndthig ess incense ft cxperinen. se hn 30 documenta wee coped dea rupi back AEC esd The umestgatonansvced a med of dnetbatdiateks yan Toker ‘psn od Nein ides tay fe ‘Gnorn cesos or ge treme ‘Mince cine me ptt were {ak ote mere omg ees ‘Sans bps Acmerap tt bepnatte dnc Alani Aesows rosin fending ashes ft Cd Wa. "hn et coy Bs cp te Deparment » often he eer ageney hat ined mary ncn ‘fe waren: Manta Pret tl fis eel he dens of nn of pte wit passa. ‘Ga No 299, he Tbe ade steps be ‘DOE une the Freedom oflfomation Act eral dot reverted epenne sear ar or yer te pening agency hak tall Tas reenact bat sons wield il “ie Asogumue thane roe rrrSiu re chested wordt he ine, Els was {oily tbe wae ress ane treba in 197, survivors ime, a Sch Cato df Meso were otal ‘eset pra wl sy that Senter nes ‘Sepoutn ofatibctve ats a ‘i Bont a a enti te nan ope of ween and al ‘Sikri compustion of he mie as tw Kaom the wot be coms heSketi morsin esting ti Scot be tps andthe ees Roa eae Soe mae aie 3 “he Thanet get pho alm "= Map 1 sant Gate: beDOEaheata Saree DOES afr Te Fong er Tn a oe of fisher win cater SUssuct, The Tbe romped Shapatet ey icy setae ‘Steams ad be Nr oye tay 1992 ere renamed fre enn plc aioe pac mes eer tev frm in Cen fleda now Poem ot Inston Acro he ‘yes was based in enh DOF. Ba ‘omens warNove 5, 1988 ing Be it "Fina piysic, De, Dewey Hh abet wha wa ten 80 yeas ld ‘ogc pon mite od So temac tetera ton fen te nlf ton ‘Sipe cued te won: We do Celtustr th eon ces Speen wong of epost tet Etccte tsnigmets Bes "The Cent for Hae Raibilogy seas sos” 106 a8 Tyvben Hime ded Halo wasted pe ‘ion Gok hi aga ners, Bresiold Emer decor Robe ered he Chcag ste esi wc en Ivccen whomn cal exe oft Hiner or dah “estes lin tra bypenension ins experongy re Tey goto seep ome nigh and oot wacon ine sed Roberts ol te psa stout mats li etn seas {idee The cod sms ine nly ate pe volar onto ‘Sr inetuon of radoacve sae” Bese inthe vist wih Roberts the wo fils asd stil ato Elmer. ‘Sew ceomtriem ‘iis Bes moving nto he ew oe, Foes athe aren, apart somewhat Fesncely arto cen wo ie vis woe athe Non Brac sid “Te setts i tel Ele of ‘tepaslam ection bt avi ino {ai wah Robors sata discussion hey ind wa lertald two fh {ila would be hap to rete fc 8 Srehes rvdedie ohne fy Ta aby dacusion Elms dx sercofimedio ABC otis at Em fad teen told of te injection. “The Pater wa are of be jet an ‘Ret muciconcralalough be id ‘abo withthe je ‘ithe ABC reper quotes Eers doe- terasayne Inde ging of 1974 Jane Lineman, 1 DOE Stent wr bert Bey vm coosel and Bg. Gc, Ree be daysepsen eecal {be Ammo el hr they planed 0 {nfo Ge pltoim survivors of he tenga nts "cl Green es considerby com ‘coed into goods be achueedin ‘sie by suocing a whole sve of ‘Sus whe ating coun cb done ‘ths pot inene wate change {ng those sen and tht patents oe theretnermpitin ft be wore of ‘cease ofthe pi sacle pyeho- sun Lnernn se sha an imestigation had ust Been claedtoo yas eae, "Te DOE record inde ater 178 ‘Umigne hands pst pope ‘Saori ny pets were [Site ye wet Tae conto ‘Satie be snot Sear expe ‘rene nse ys 8 ys Sate dine awe ae the ter ue ei ings fst Docume (foal “Thee wrens ent ‘etcomforubio wih Wetboagi wea Anes sch real be dea that undo, ao inolvedia the low-up stn nd twas "gue eal fe tht DOE ad eet os tr [ivestigaon “th ws he pens twhoweteconaed. Tin erate Fes might be "et Bs sist Dati seen sory "Smeone wet tak wih (sand ad mace inept. the of swe we ud aout a curled he note fad een mie sete ie mor tinea {Sopers cool Twa very a8 at bd ‘pened ste si. “Tne pou experiment oped « iany Shaman experiments nape Teectin he ln ons by he US. Hous 18 Representatives sobeommiter ot ‘Comeraton snd Powe US. Src ipod ‘Sano eter Seteliyacuerofeeprto Titiy alte BOE ome cnet ne pers aloe Paechieiearimy ‘Besopenc es rns Sar Eros Te ABC ars Siem ees So re oman pene Soe re are Skater png ore was rofl aig for Ener Alen, oo fovernmeat mes ‘to xn tin wang Jens Seytom pod. bing ie Na and imagined ose ncn ont nae Sasha cere pid Wefindngs Eimer ded on ne 30, 19sleof puny re caused pcunoni He wa years cd On Ei'eda crit, hs occonation ‘sleds Plan pre. He spent sme of hie ast dys in since ely nring bone ae plac ad by lrg cotoond es. Ther among he raged ‘di cheer ate of te ‘Snpuee dese by srpeons 0 tna yeasgo was sil ier. “ine bidet wart be ers, tute wan ean us ease Be (Sint waattobehere. Hewted 0 (ules bt of ta for ise” id ikea Brn ened vests urea ely Canvases Co. ie wana coneration ae. He woudl you yu edt Nev Ijutmveraad hn a elt eg” a Pace 013 Desi the bards Bier and Fredna’ marrage surived. Freda taught schoo, ‘and Eimer took odd Jobs when be could Sind ber, Ee r= ‘civ no money from the federal government ‘forbis participation in the experiment, despite da congresional sub- ‘mersation that every effort be made to track ‘doin ond compensate dmerca’s “nuclear ‘unc ps IN MEMORY OF ELMER inside Eimer irra parie. STEAL AWAY TO SOME SECRET PLACE "Yor tein Oa eo ws th Base PoeDM __ ue ou QuERQUE TUBLNE/ THE PLUTON EXPERT THE MINDS BEHIND THE EXPERIMENT red program to trace platonion in tbe body Inthe summer of 1944, sets ona windswept platy inte anos ie comple stom mor Fewer 0.000toasof TNT anacde cael “on lbs fig aoative plato stout 000 ot eapon epee ne ie tf acemist named Don ack. sic, who sea {owed smaamoste ll abe But inte weds afr te eon, Masih’ low sci ere boned tht ea oc ha no Sry ef cerning bow och putnam Was aula orb serous de wa Tec eda hry of memos berm Die (Oa Rid, Ten spender cout ‘emo tor Robert Oppticierand Lous engl, Los ‘Mass fst eh gro ae Mectms were eld ‘hp mie filo he Mansatan Prose ‘Oa a hat came abl esearch progr hat calf pon a arbi. ‘Scorer see memos bom Los Ales Nason Laborer. = oe Amer payed mane part te ploniu cxpeiman, amlyng excretion samples fem I faves nested a Soong Newer Hosp i Foci, Sandon pant aarti ‘Sei ube “We thought the experiment was outrageous. I don't think they really discovered terribly much. ... It’s difficult to arrive at a firm conclusion about the metabolism of plutonium from such a small sample size.” Katherine Yih Internationa Physilans forthe Prevention af Nuclear War EOE ‘Sid studs were urgent neoded ‘Butt cipermen.apexs oe been compere fort among the sen woking amulet abs Not only were os Alamo seems clamoring 1 tne or eae f prs nthe ara oy te ‘Ssinnc scars a Cho Beil aia Tne ish bud he tome bomb, ot only ak aad fe mrkon bathe sts emelves —e- ‘Stbisioghaiy’— madera were tng exposed ‘Spon Anarene racer patties ‘Sto woud baking gesalsnanamy twas ancxponmentcerytedy nated satay mse to sa cre for. “Everybody mas ets asa the fs hat ese role be ‘je wife i nowldgesid eeys- "Teed Warren, chef he ManatanPro- ‘ncn cna re ‘adic pence pearly reponse’ forte ie {Enon ef be pro, scoding os 1980 Las Als fejor. Butcher DOE domes sy Wares, ave ‘Maxey NM, wo wat onto becme est 4. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER: avon studies, but didnt twa them at Jos Alamos x dean of CLAS medal schoo, was’ ally the spon Tiymes Fic pyicin who etre and ving la Clvelang were an Warren asst rig the tor: del ta Waren aprved he experi at ‘tear, sige. ‘esi oiia at Chicago Met ab, wang tht en vey sal amount of platen nthe body ‘ll ro anges, “Telit geet th program to ace the se poi tbody be nine 500 3 ‘sie tam opmion sche rogram oldie ie ehh iy ‘Banat seaor si ner his Bay aes home, ew etn stot he baa pe “Everybody relies on this data. This is the single most-often-used set of numbers. Everything goes back to this one set of data.-it’s all there is.”sevens. 305 met with plana. "Oh, God 0h Sha Thenima fered experimen ‘seins Seer. ‘rah B ibU, ls Hamil, 2 Bede sti ess lg ‘fplaoaan esis “Tate 16, 1944 Hempeiman wes rei owing ah ‘Stdato develop wey of Saeting pl ‘Sts inwie andl te Horgeloar, “este ‘tretpmetbode of Sacctng peau ‘Rosa ania ‘sor gal ids ote wrk, nny nema tea a ‘pete, {fel hat dese ‘where not wo ubdetake hem Bee Oppeteaerwro "The 29 196, Hempeimann wees sole coo Opener sma aig boop rescach progr” estore eae wit Man fitaa Brojectt Waren and Joseph ‘Remedy, bead of Lor Alamos’ Chem ‘eye Nealagy Divison “Poet apt of he re pronged propre allo "wce experiments ‘mun to determine perenne cf ‘hom excd dal ‘Once aes metolsa worked cnt further tctabele sae wll be furore be Nc Ey Pret in Roses te memo sy Dee 21944 Waren summarizes « mai ctperment progr ies Inpend cprng eect ofr ‘Su puonan bman beings das Faturberweobiod ies ure and feealexcrions arto esblised a fava singetenous ect” “Ton oer epee done idan a igcomparion fc Tercan bc mae bene anand ‘nna ata” he ric Oppeiciner ‘necug in Le Alamos wih mebessof Ts Alamo chemistry and motel “Abe oer equ he Los Anos craig aks i Mashatan Engine ‘Fro ep make arangemens fo ‘nm-tacer expt a uthow tmeh placa eered daly in ‘ean 2 “Sts ened hat abot ft ler Rohe Cicgs echo {jection fom one o 10 miropamsof troctaend tie eet sets {Fike cain acy way be banded ce * WAS IT WORTH THE RISK? Sick wa neem eta oe hes ier Tes behind expr was his net known arent of petro emia pases poe raat hac eres ti (tite appt excreta testo wars acetal oe “lata: Pest sce ako Wee bleto Geter hoes cnn credactn fx loatareun abet ws dose ‘Beran ting fess ample em patie wo dis ‘Monae imectons 0 Tea wate Los Alamos Nationa Labor: voy "wee exposed plone sts woud (Guersoglsof hi comune ie nd ws Ug ocr ‘Eiierm becate pn pas thy weld yea Seto bee abner we “vey els ist” ys Pai Ds, iit at rece Bes Tiss te wg storied et ‘ious roving po tek ree tof. le id Katherine Yi, hich sd P= mah Thar erat fares et alls thy aly am scot cech rina roe eee aes — “Tite Aueotekoue Tub /-rme wUvTONTUM EXPERINOENT pice os ‘STAFFORD WARREN: ‘The Manbattan Pro- fect oficial ubo is eed aria responsible" for be plutonium expert ‘ment moles a cig rete as be interviews Japanese doctor in Nagas in Sept er 1945 tg fir band information on the medical eft of the atomic bomb dropped there. 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