Centrifugal

Pump Test
Group members
5610546052
5610546061
5610546087
5610546095
5610546109
5610546125
5610546141
5610546150

Instructor

Asst.Prof.Dr.Taweedej Sirithanapipat
Section 450

Content
Pages Abstract
3
Introduction
4
Theory
5
Procedures
6
Results Sample Calculation
7-8
Graph Experiment
9
Example Calculation
10
Individual
11-12

Group H

Abstract
This article represents
experimental study work carried out on a single
stage diffuser type centrifugal pump. The flowinduced pressure pulsations, mechanical
vibrations and noise has been monitored during
the experimentations for five different flow rates
by varying the radial clearance. For each case of
radial clearance and flow conditions, overall
levels and frequency spectra, in a wide frequency
range, have been examined. Vibration and noise
both are predominantly due to the hydraulic
effects. Impeller vane pass component has
generally dominated the spectra. Frequency
analysis revealed a good correlation in the overall
vibration level and the overall noise level. In the
frequency analysis, pressure pulsations are
dominating at fundamental frequency and the
impeller vane passing frequency. Also in the
frequency analysis, level at fundamental
frequency dominates the vibration spectra and
level at vane passing frequency dominates the
noise spectra. Experimental results show that by
increasing the radial clearance between impeller
and diffuser, lower pulsations, vibration and noise
levels has been achieved.

INTRODUCTION

By definition, a centrifugal pump is a

machine. More specifically, it is a machine that
imparts energy to a fluid. This energy infusion
can cause a liquid to flow, rise to a higher level,
or both. The centrifugal pump is an extremely
simple machine. It is a member of a family
known as rotary machines and consists of two
basic parts: 1) the rotary element or impeller and
2) the stationary element or casing (volute). The

figure below is a cross section of a centrifugal

pump and shows the two basic parts. VOLUTE
IMPELLER Figure 1 The centrifugal pumps
function is as simple as its design. It is filled with
liquid and the impeller is rotated. Rotation
imparts energy to the liquid causing it to exit the
impellers vanes at a greater velocity than it
possessed when it entered. This outward flow
reduces the pressure at the impeller eye,
allowing more liquid to enter. The liquid that
exits the impeller is collected in the casing
(volute) where its velocity is converted to
pressure before it leaves the pumps discharge.

Theory
In operation, a centrifugal pump slings liquid out of the impeller
via centrifugal force. Now centrifugal force, itself, is a topic of debate.
Although I will not go into detail here, it is considered by many, including
myself, to be a false force. For our purposes here, we will assume that it is
a real force. Refer to the False Force Puzzler for more information.
Centrifugal Force A classic example of the action of centrifugal force is
shown below. Here, we see a pail of water swinging in a circle. The
swinging pail

generates a centrifugal force that holds the water in the pail. Now, if a
hole is bored in the bottom of the pail, water will be thrown out. The
distance the stream carries and the volume that flows out depends upon
the velocity of the rotating pail. The faster the pail rotates the greater the
centrifugal force and therefore the greater the volume of water
discharged and the distance it carries. The description above could be
considered that of a crude centrifugal pump. It demonstrates that the
flow and head (pressure) developed by a centrifugal pump depends upon
the rotational speed and, more precisely, the peripheral velocity of its
impeller.
Peripheral Velocity and Head
Gravity is one of the more important forces that a centrifugal
pump must overcome. You will find that the relationship between final
velocity, due to gravity, and initial velocity, due to impeller speed, is a
very useful one. If a stone is dropped from the top of a building its
velocity will increase at a rate of 32.2 feet per second for each second
that it falling stone, we can predict the velocity at which it will strike the
ground based upon its initial height and the effect of acceleration due to
gravity.

Procedure

Before starting the experiment, make sure that suction valve

is fully open and discharge valve is closed and motor speed knob is set to
zero.
1.Swithch on motor
2.Slowty increase motor speed to the setting point (1000-2900 rpm)
3.Wait for steady-state and then record the following data
- Suction pressure
- Discharge pressure
- Volumetric flow rate
- Spring force
4.Open discharge value by half a turn and repeat step 3.

5.Repeat step 4 until the discharge value is fully open.

6.Close the discharge value.
7.Repeat step 2-6 with a different motor speed.
8.Reduce motor speed to zero and switch off motor.

Results
Experiment 1 Motor speed 1300 rpm. Water temperature 25 C

Experimental values
Discharge valve
position
(turn)

max

Suction pressure,
kg/cm3

-0.01

-0.025

-0.05

-0.06

Discharge pressure,
kg/cm3

0.41

0.36

0.3

0.27

Volume, litre

20

20

20

Duration time, sec

26.49

18.77

16.65

Spring force, kg

0.5

0.65

0.7

0.7

Calculated values
Discharge valve
position
(turn)

max

Q (m3/s)

0.75510-3

1.065x10-3

1.20110-3

H (m)

5.473

4.623

4.773

4.573

Po

34.24

49.86

53.878

T (N)

0.981

1.275

1.3734

1.3734

Pi

133.549

173.573

186.968

186.968

19.726

26.667

28.816

Experiment 2 Motor speed 1900 rpm. Water temperature 25 C

Experimental values
Discharge valve
position
(turn)

max

-0.5

-0.1

-0.12

1.1

0.9

0.7

0.65

Volume, litre

20

20

20

Duration time, sec

13.94

10.75

10.6

Spring force, kg

0.8

1.02

1.5

1.3

Suction pressure,
kg/cm3
Discharge pressure,
kg/cm3

Calculated values
Discharge valve
position
(turn)

max

Q (m3/s)

1.43410-3

1.8610-3

1.88710-3

H (m)

12.27

15.27

9.27

8.97

Po

214.811

169.145

166.047

T (N)

1.569

2.00124

2.943

2.55

Pi

312.18

398.173

585.561

507.367

53.949

28.8859

32.727

Graph Experiment 1 Motor speed 1300 rpm . Water temperature 25 C

Q (m3/s)

Graph Experiment 2 Motor speed 1900 rpm . Water temperature 25 C

Q (m3/s)

Example Calculation

At motor speed 1300 rpm.

At time 18.77 seconds.
Flow rate Q = v/t = 0.02/18.77 = 1.065 m/s3
Head H=h0 + (P2-P1)/pg x g = 4.773
P0 = hqq =4.773 x 1.065x10-3x1000x9.81 =
49.86
T = F x r = 0.7x.2x9.81 = 1.3734

Pi = 2NT/60 = 2x9.81x1300x1.3734/60 =
186.968
= p0/pi x100 = (49.86/186.968) x100 = 26.667
At motor speed 1900 rpm.
At time 10.6 seconds.
Flow rate Q = v/t = 0.02/10.6 = 1.887 m/s3
Head H=h0 + (P2-P1)/pg x g = 8.97
P0 = hqq =8.97x1.065x10-3x1000x9.81 =
166.047
T = F x r = 1.3x.2x9.81 = 2.55
Pi = 2NT/60 = 2x9.81x1900x2.55/60 = 507.367
= p0/pi x100 = (166.047/507.367) x100 =
32.727

5610546150
The centrifugal pump lab is an experiment
that requires a lot of cooperative skills between
the group members. There was a lot of data to be
recorded.
5610546125
In the Centrifugal Pump Performance Test, we
use the data that we obtain from the experiment

to plot the graph and find the suitable condition

for the pump to operate efficiently. If we don't
count the fact that we were confused about
timing the raising water level in the beginning,
the experiment run smoothly. However, the
gauge pressure that we obtain from the suction
valve is negative. This might happened because
the pressure on the pump's liquid level is
atmospheric, so the pressure at the pump's
suction will be atmospheric less elevation gain
less hydraulic losses.
5610546095
From centrifugal pump test laboratory , when
speed of the pump was increased the efficiency was
increased too. The performance of a pump can be
shown graphically on a characteristic curve that
provides information on the relationship between
total head and flow rate.

5610546141
For the experiment, Centrifugal pump are
among the important equipments in any process
plant. We test this experiment by open the valve
after that measure the value by counting time
and control volume. The result, Closed valve take
the longest and open the valve much time will be
less.

 5610546087
Why suction pressure is negative?
Because the position of pump and water
source water source is below the pump and
needs to be raised to supply the pump. In
addition to we are using Vertical Turbine pump,
there may a negative suction due to static
suction lift condition
From the experiment we get the information
about suction pressure, discharge pressure,
volume, duration time, and spring force to
calculate power, efficiency, and flow for
determine properly values and bring this detail to
design pump which high efficiency.
Problem of testing is might be from efficiency of
the pump and motor which is used for a long
time
5610546109
From Centrifugal pump test , The calculation
of the experiment is not constant because the
instruments used were old. And measure the
height of the water level in the tank can be move
easily.
5610546061

This laboratory has many problem when I do

it,such as need to have more than 7 people to do
it ,because we need to have the operator to
control the revolution of the motor and need to
have someone to put the water tube to be a
straight line with the waste water tank or need to
have someone to measure the pressure and the
last need to have someone to reckon time
too,that is the problem of my group and we do it
2 times because first time we reckon time wrong.
5610546052
To study about centrifugal pump. Centrifugal
pumps are used to transport fluids by the
conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the
hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. To
increase the rate of flowing we have to increase
the impeller speed. There are many factors that
reduce the pump performance such as the
friction, the age of centrifugal pump and so on