Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI
Division of Iloilo
Bayunan Elementary School
Bayunan, San Joaquin, Iloilo
Simple Machine
I.

Definition of Simple Machine

A simple machine is a device for altering the magnitude or direction of
a force. It is also a device for overcoming resistance at one point by applying
force at some other point.
II.

Basic Types of Simple Machine

There are six basic types of simple machines such as the lever, wheel
and axle, pulley, screw, wedge, and inclined plane.
What is a Lever?
A lever is a simple machine that has a rigid bar resting on a pivot, used to
help move a heavy or firmly fixed load with one end when pressure is applied
to the other. There are three parts of lever: the effort, the load and the
fulcrum and the fulcrum.
Effort- the force that moves the
lever
Load- the object the lever is
trying to move
Fulcrum- the point on which the
lever moves, this is also known
as the pivot

Figure 1: Lever
What is Wheel and Axle?
The wheel and axle is actually a variation of the lever. The lever that
can be rotated to pry an object loose or push a load along, a wheel and axle
can move a load much farther. Since it consists of a large wheel rigidly

attached to a small wheel (the axle or the

shaft), when one part turns the other also
does. Some examples of the wheel and axle
are a door knob, a water wheel, an egg
beater
and the wheels on a wagon, car, or bicycle.
When force is applied to the wheel (thereby
turning the axle), force is increased and
distance and speed are decreased. When it is
applied to the axle (turning the wheel), force is decreased and distance and
speed are increased.

Figure 2: Wheel and Axle

What is a Pulley?
A single movable pulley is
supported by two parts of the
same rope and has a mechanical
advantage of two. Compound: A
combination of fixed and a
movable pulleys forms a block
and tackle. A block and tackle
can have
several pulleys mounted on the fixed and moving axles, further increasing
the mechanical advantage.

Figure 3: Pulley
What is a Screw?

Is a short, slender, sharp-pointed

metal pin with a raised helical thread
running around it and a slotted head,
used to join things together by being
rotated so that it pierces wood or other material and is held tightly in place.

Figure 4: Screw
What is a Wedge?
It is a piece of wood, metal, or
some other material having one thick
end and tapering to a thin edge, that is
driven between two objects or parts of
an object to secure or separate them.

Figure 5: Wedge
What is an inclined plane?
The
angle, like
would be too
raise the
effort is

inclined plane is simply a flat surface raised at an

a ramp. It is a way of lifting a load that
heavy to lift straight up. The angle (the
steepness of the inclined plane)
determines how much effort is needed to
weight. The steeper the ramp, the more
required.

Figure 6: Inclined Plane

III.
References:
Documents
Inclined Plane: .
(n.d.).http://www.ohio.edu/people/williar4/html/haped/nasa/simpmach/Inplan
e.htm
Lever: .(n.d.).https://www.google.com.ph/search?
site=&source=hp&q=definition+of+lever&oq=definition+of+lever&gs_l=hp.
3...585.4407.0.4719.20.14.0.0.0.0.790.790.61.1.0....0...1c.1.64.hp..19.1.774.0..0j0i131.72H2Ao0A4uk

Pulley: .(n.d). https://www.google.com.ph/search?

q=parts+of+the+pulley&oq=parts+of+the+pulley&gs_l=serp.3..0l5j0i22i30l
5.44654.48089.0.48409.20.11.0.0.0.0.939.2015.41j1j1.3.0....0...1c.1.64.serp..17.3.2015...0i67.N8Iud98loU8
Screw: .(n.d). https://www.google.com.ph/search?
q=pwhat+is+screw&oq=pwhat+is+screw&gs_l=serp.3..0i13l10.1683.7967.0
.8440.33.17.0.0.0.0.771.3158.22j3j2j0j1.8.0....0...1c.1.64.serp..25.8.3157...0j0i22i30j0i67j0i131j0i10.wWbdF
bNQo_U
Wedge: .(n.d.). https://www.google.com.ph/#q=what+is+wedge
Whel and Axle: .(n.d.).
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Simple_machines.aspx
Pictures:
Figure 1: .(n.d.). http://www.slideshare.net/MARIAMC_TEACHER/complex-andsimple-machines-62316959
Figure 2: .(n.d.). http://www.slideshare.net/MARIAMC_TEACHER/complex-andsimple-machines-62316959
Figure 3: .(n.d.).http://easywayscience78.blogspot.com/2012/06/pulley-andtheir-types.html
Figure 4: .(n.d.).http://easywayscience78.blogspot.com/2012/06/pulley-andtheir-types.html
Figure 5: .(n.d.).http://ravenelbridge.net/cable_mobile.php
Figure 6: .(n.d.).
http://www.ohio.edu/people/williar4/html/haped/nasa/simpmach/Inplane.htm

Prepared by:
Diana Rose N. Pacleb