VIT Guide for Constructing Bootstrap

Confidence Intervals
Where can I find iNZightVIT?
ThesoftwareisinstalledinallScienceFacultycomputerlabs(inbuilding303S).Themain
placetouseitisintheStatsandMathsComputerLab:303.B91.
Youcanalsoinstallthisonyourowncomputers.InCanvas,lookundereitherAssignments
andAssignmentResourcesorSoftwareInformationandHelp:iNZight,SPSS,Excel

How do I run the software?

DoubleclickStart_iNZightVIT.
IntheScienceFacultycomputerlabsthiswillbefoundunderAllProgramsMaths&Stats.
IfyouhaveinstallediNZightVITathome,thiswillbeinsidetheiNZightVITfolder.

How to import data sets and choose variable(s) to analyse

1. ClickontheImportData.
Thiswillshowawindowwhichwilllet
youbrowseyourcomputerforthe
desiredfile.Onceyouhavefoundthe
desiredfileclickOK.Youdonthaveto
worryaboutFileTypeis.

Anexampleofanimporteddatasetwhich
has2variables,TextsandGender,isshown
inthedisplayontheright.Itshowsthe
numberoftextssentbyapersonperday
andthegenderofthatperson.
Youwillnowneedtochoosethevariable(s)
youwanttouseintheanalysis.
Inthisexamplewewanttousethevariable
namedTexts.

Thiswillbringupawindowsaying
iNZightVITisloading.Thiswindowwill
thenbehiddenandtheiNZightVIT
menuwillbedisplayed:

AwindowcalledRConsoleisalso
open,butthisishidden.Youcan
ignorethiswindowbutdontcloseit
oritwillcloseiNZightVIT.

2. Usethedropdownmenuto
selectthevariableTexts.

Alternatively,youcanclickon
Textsandholdingthemouse
buttondown,dragthevariable
namedownanddropitontopof
theSelectvariablenamebox.
Youmayneedtolengthenthe
windoworscrolldowninorderto
seethis.

Forbootstrapping,wewillwanttouse
VisualInferenceTools(VIT)
Bootstrapconfidenceinterval
construction. Selecttheappropriate
optionthenclickon RunselectedVIT
module.

Thevariablenamewillnowbe
displayed.

Tochangethevariable,clickonClear
andchooseanothervariable.

VITGuide:BootstrapConfidenceIntervals

Page1

How do I get a bootstrap confidence interval for a single mean

or median?

1. Importdataandchooseavariableto
analyseasdescribedintheprevious

section.

2. ClickonAnalyse.

3. Selectthequantityofinterest

[mean(s),median(s),proportion(s)]

4. ClickonRecordmychoices.

Itwilltakeafewsecondstoprocess
yourchoice.

Thereareanumberofoptionsthatyoucan
nowchoose.Youcanchoosetodojusta
fewrepetitionssoyoucanseethe
bootstrapprocessinaction.

How do I copy my output into my assignment?

Chooseoneofthefollowingmethods:
Forassignments,wewantyoutogenerate
1000repetitionsandincludethestatistic
distribution.

1. YoucanrightclickontheoutputandselectCopyasbitmapandthenpastethisintoa
Wordfile.

2. Alternativelyyoucanchoosesavefromthefilemenuat
thetopoftheoutputwindowandsaveaseitheraPNG
orPDFfile.
Eitherofthesefiletypescanthenbeopenedandprinted.
(Ifyouknowhow,thesecanalsobeinsertedordragged
intoaWordDocument.)

5. Select1000underInclude
bootstrapdistribution.
6. ClickonthelowerGobutton.This
willshowtheBootstrappingprocess
running.

7. ClickonShowCItoaddthe
confidenceintervaltothe
bootstrapoutput.ShowCIwillbe
highlightedwhenthebootstrapis
finished.

Theoutputisshownonthenextpage.

VITGuide:BootstrapConfidenceIntervals

Page2

How do I get a bootstrap confidence interval for a difference

between means or medians?
Thisisverysimilartogettingabootstrapintervalforasinglemeanormedian.Theonly
differenceisthatwhenthedataisimported,twovariablesarechosenthenumericvariable
toanalyse(selectedasVariable1)andacategoricalvariablethatdescribeswhichgroupeach
valuebelongsto(selectedasVariable2).
Forexample,withthetextdatawedroptextintoVariable1andgenderintoVariable2.

How do I get a bootstrap confidence interval for a single proportion

or a difference between proportions?
Forasingleproportionthemethodisverysimilartogettingbootstrapintervalforasingle
meanormedian.TheonlydifferenceisthatwhenthedataisanalysedtheLevelofinterest
hastobechosenandshouldmatchtheproportionbeinginvestigated.
ForadifferencebetweenproportionstheresponsecategoricalvariableisusedforVariable1
andtheremainingcategoricalvariableisdroppedintoVariable2.Whenthedataisanalysed
theLevelofinteresthastobechosenandshouldmatchtheproportionbeinginvestigated.

VITGuide:BootstrapConfidenceIntervals