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Kinematics
Kinematics: In studying the kinematics, we describe only the motion of the particle without considering the
forces that act upon it, i.e.; we study the variations of the particles position, velocity, and acceleration with
the time.
Acceleration
Acceleration is the vector quantity describing the rate of change with time of velocity.
v u at
u v
v avg
2
s ut 12 at 2
v 2 u 2 2as
Example 1: A particle is moving in a straight line from O to A with a constant acceleration of 2 ms -1. Its
velocity at A is 30 ms-1 and it takes 15 seconds to travel from O to A. Find
(a) the particles velocity at O
(b) the distance OA
Example 2: An automobile initially moving at 30 ft/s accelerates uniformly at 15 ft/s2. (a) How fast is it
moving after 3s? (b) At the end of the 3s interval, the driver hits the brakes and now accelerates at -30 ft/s2.
How long does it take to come to a complete stop?
Example 3: A man walks for 35 minutes at 6.5 km/h and then 45 minutes at 4.5 km/h. Determine his
average speed in m/s.
MIET 6316C Apply basic scientific principles
College of Science, Engineering and Health
School of Engineering (TAFE)
Class Notes
1
Example 4: How long does it take a car to cross a 30 m wide intersection after the light turns green, if the
car accelerates from rest at a constant 2.00 m/s2?
Example 5: You are designing an airport for small planes. One kind of airplane that might use this airfield
must reach a speed before take-off at least 27.8m/s, and can accelerate at 2.00 m/s2.
(i)
If the runway is 150 m long, can this airplane reach the required speed for take-off?
(ii)
If not, what minimum length must the runway have?
Example 6: A goods-train leaves Newcastle bound for Sandy and reaches its maximum speed of 40 km/h in
one minute. Five minutes later an express train leaves Sydney bound for Newcastle and reaches its
maximum speed of 90 km/h in one minute. Assuming the rates of acceleration were constant and that the
maximum speeds were maintained for the rest of the journey, find (a) the acceleration of each train (b) their
distance apart fifteen minutes before meeting.
Class Notes
2
Example 10: A high-altitude bomber lines up on its target 4900 m below. If the bomb scores a direct hit,
calculate the angle between the vertical and a line joining the bomber and its target at the instant of release.
The bombers velocity was 360 km/h horizontally at the time of release.
Example 11: A long-jumper leaves the ground at an angle of 20.0 above the horizontal and at a speed of
11.0 m/s. (a) How far does he jump in the horizontal direction? (Assume his motion is equivalent to that of
a particle.) (b) What is the maximum height reached?
Class Notes
3
Example 12: A stone is thrown from the top of a building upward at an angle of 30.0 to the horizontal and
with an initial speed of 20.0 m/s, as shown below. If the height of the building is 45.0 m, (a) how long is it
before the stone hits the ground? (b) What is the speed of the stone just before it strikes the ground?
Class Notes
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