Bus Bar Protection Test Procedure

Bus Bar Differential Protection Testing

1) Primary Testing:
Purpose: To ensure the correct CT ratios/Polarities to the relay and confirm the device operation
as per settings loaded into it.
Test Equipment: Current Source/CMC
Test Current: For Primary Test 25% of nominal current and Secondary Test tester Auto mode.
Procedure: Load approved Data and setting related to Bus bar protection to the device. All the
CT wiring should be retightened and star point grounding should as per scheme.
Primary current equal to test current should be injected at each CT separately in order to verify
the correct CT ratio and Feeder position in the Relay. After confirming the correct ratio
following sequence was followed
Unstable Condition:
Inject test current at each CT P1 and Grounded at the same CT P2. The system should be
unstable and differential current on relay should be greater than the Restrain current. Note down
both values of restrain and differential current on the test protocol.
Stable Condition:
Zone1 Stability:
Inject test current at P1 of Transformer No.1 CT and Ground at P1 of Line-1 CT. Since equal
currents enter and leave the bus bar, thus the system will be balanced and the differential current
will be negligible compared to Restrain Current. Record both the values of restrain current and
differential current. The system should be stable.
Zone2 Stability:
Inject test current at P1 of Transformer No.2 CT and Ground at P1 of Line-2 CT. Since equal
currents enter and leave the bus bar, thus the system will be balanced and the differential current
will be negligible compared to Restrain Current. Record both the values of restrain current and
differential current. The system should be stable.

Prepared by:
Nooh Salam
Team Lead Testing & Commissioning

Bus Bar Protection Test Procedure

Stability with Coupler Closed:
Inject the test current at P1 of Transformer-1 CT and ground the P1 of Line-2 CT keeping the
coupler breaker closed. The current entering the station bus is equal to the current leaving the bus
so the system is again balance. Record the differential and restrain current. Restrain current
should be dominant. Repeat the test but this time ground the P1 of Transformer-2 CT and again
the station bus should be stable.
Unstable condition by inverting at least one CT polarity:
Inject test current and make stable condition with coupler breaker closed. Inver only one CT
secondary Polarity and check the differential current. A Differential current equal to the current
of the inverted polarity CT should appear on the relay. Record the differential and restrain
current under the test Unstable condition .

Bus Bar Differential Relay Test with CMC:

Repeat all the above tests but this time the current source should be secondary source (12Amps)
and the injection point should be the test block of relay. Take trip contact (general trip) to find
the trip time of the device as well.

Prepared by:
Nooh Salam
Team Lead Testing & Commissioning

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