Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Revised
August 2003
Author:
Peter Dempsey
Service:
Resources
Division
March 1993
August 2003
Childrens Service
Local Code of Practice No 5
First Aid Arrangements in Schools
1. Introduction:
First Aid can save lives and prevent minor injuries becoming major ones. Under health &
safety legislation employers have to ensure that there are adequate and appropriate
equipment and facilities for providing first aid in the workplace.
2. Application
The LA is the employer in community, controlled and special agreement schools and in
pupil referral units.
To comply with their health & safety obligations, the LA should provide a policy
statement and guidance on good practice to help community and controlled schools
draw up their own health & safety arrangements, including first aid. Community and
controlled schools should have regard to the LA's policy and guidance.
The governing body is the employer in city technology, voluntary-aided and foundation
schools. Where the governing body is the employer it has responsibility for health &
safety matters within the school, with managers and staff also having responsibility.
The governing body are required to develop policies to cover their own school. This
should be based on suitable and sufficient risk assessment carried out by a competent
person. The governing body has a general responsibility for all school policies, even
when it is not the employer. In community and controlled schools the governing body
should follow the health & safety policies produced by the LA as the employer.
In practice, most of the day to day functions of managing health & safety are delegated
to the head teacher.
The head teacher is responsible for putting the governing body's policy into practice
and developing detailed procedures. The head teacher should also make sure that
parents are aware of the schools health & safety policy, including arrangements for first
aid.
Teacher's conditions of employment do not include giving first aid, although any
member of staff may volunteer to undertake these tasks. Teachers and other staff in
charge of pupils are expected to use their best endeavours at all times, particularly in
emergencies, to secure the welfare of pupils at the school in the same way that parents
might be expected to act towards their children.
The owner or the trustees are the employees in some independent schools.
The employer is responsible, under the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, for making sure
that the school has a health & safety policy.
This should include arrangements for first aid, based on a risk assessment of the school,
and should cover:
Number of first aiders/appointed persons
Number and locations of first aid containers
Arrangements for off-site activities/trips
Out of school hours arrangements e.g lettings, parents evenings
The employer should also make sure that their insurance arrangements provide full cover
for claims arising from actions of staff acting within their scope of employment. It is the
employer's responsibility to make sure that the statutory requirements for provision of first
aiders are met, that appropriate training is provided and that correct procedures are
followed. The employer should be satisfied that any training has given staff sufficient
understanding, confidence and expertise.
The employer must arrange adequate and appropriate training and guidance for staff who
volunteer to be first aiders/appointed persons. The employer must ensure that they are
enough trained staff to meet statutory requirements and assessed needs, allowing for staff
on annual/sick leave or off-site.
This minimum provision must be supplemented with a risk assessment to
determine any additional provision
First aid provision must be available at all times while people are on school
premises, and also off the premises whilst on school visits.
3. What are a First Aiders Main Duties?
First aiders must complete a training course approved by the Health & Safety Executive
At school the main duties are to:
Give immediate help to casualties with common injuries and those arising from
specific hazards at school
When necessary, ensure that an ambulance or other professional medical help is
called
Location of school
Is the school remote from emergency services? It is good practice to inform local
emergency services, in writing, of the school's location (giving Ordinance Survey grid
references, if necessary) and any special circumstances that may affect access to the
school. If the school has more than one entrance, emergency services should be given
clear instructions on where and to whom they should report.
Are there any specific hazards or risks on the site?
For example, are there any hazardous substances, dangerous tools and machinery.
Temporary hazards, such as building or maintenance work, should also be considered and
suitable short term measures put in place.
Specific Needs
Are there staff or pupils on site with specific health needs or disabilities? What age range
does the school cater for? Different first aid procedures may apply to pupils in primary and
secondary schools. For example, the age of pupils may affect the type of first aid
procedures required, such as resuscitation techniques.
Accident Statistics
Accident statistics can indicate the most common injuries, times, locations and activities at
a particular site. This can be a useful tool in risk assessment, highlighting the areas to
concentrate on and tailor first aid provision to.
7. How many first aid personnel are required?
There are rules on exact numbers. Employers have to make a judgement based on their
own circumstances and suitable and sufficient risk assessment, Governing bodies/head
teachers should consider the likely risks to pupils and visitors, as well as employees, when
drawing up policies and deciding on the numbers of first aid personnel.
Community and controlled schools should have regard to the LaA's policy
The Health & Safety Commission provide guidance on numbers of First aid personnel
based on employee numbers.
Schools will generally fall into the lower risk category, but some schools or areas of
activity fall into the medium risk category. Schools should base their provision on the
results of their risk assessment. If there are parts of the school where different levels of
risk can be identified, the employer should consider the need to make different levels of
provision in different areas/departments. When considering how many first aid
personnel are required, the governing body/head teacher should also consider:
Adequate provision for lunchtimes and breaks. It is good practice to encourage
lunchtime supervisors to have first aid training
Adequate provision for leave and in case of absences
First aid provision for off-site activities ie school trips. If a first aider accompanies
pupils off site, will there be adequate first aid provision in the school?
Adequate provision for practical departments, such as science, technology, home
economics, physical education.
Adequate provision for out of hours activities e.g. sports activities, clubs
Any agreements with contractors(e.g. school meals) on joint provision for their
employees)
Adequate provision for trainees working on site. They have the same status as staff
for the purposes of health & safety legislation
The suggested minimum level of first aid cover is illustrated in the following table:
Number of persons
i.e. full time pupils/staff
Up to 349
350 - 699
700 - 999
1000 - 1499
1500 - 2499
2500 - 3000
Minimum recommended
Number of first aiders
1
2
3
4
5
7
Minimum No of appointed
Persons
2
2
3
4
5
7
needs of the school. Personnel working with children under 7 years of age and babies
should receive specific training for this age group.
First aid at work certificates are valid for three years. Employers should arrange refresher
training and re testing of competence before certificates expire. If a certificate expires, the
individual will have to undertake another full course of training to become a first aider.
However, employers can arrange for first aiders to attend refresher training up to three
months before the expiry date of their certificate. The new certificate takes effect from the
date of expiry. Schools should keep a record of first aiders and certification details.
10. First aid materials, equipment and first aid facilities
Employers must provide proper materials, equipment and facilities at all times. First aid
equipment must be clearly labelled and easily accessible.
Under the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995
(RIDDOR) some accidents must be reported to the HSE
The employer must keep a record of any reportable injury, disease or dangerous
occurrence. This must include the date, time and place of the event; personal details of
those involved and a brief description of the nature of the event or disease. This record
can be combined with other accident records
What accidents to employees do LEA's and/or schools need to report?
Community and voluntary controlled schools should follow their LA procedures
(LCOP 4 Reporting accidents, incidents and dangerous occurrences)
The following accidents must be reported to the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) if they
injure either the school's employees during an activity connected with work, or self
employed people while working on the premises.
Accidents resulting in death and major injury (including as a result of physical violence)
Accidents which prevent the injured person from doing their normal work for more than
3 days (including acts of physical violence)
What about pupils and other people who are not at work?
An accident that happens to pupils or visitors must be reported to the HSE on form F2508
if:
The person involved is killed or is taken from the site of the accident to hospital: and
The accident arises out of or in connection with work
Like fatal and major injuries to employees or dangerous occurrences, these accidents
must be notified to HSE without delay and followed up in writing within 10 days on form
F2508
Employers with 10 or more employees must keep readily accessible accident records,
either in written or electronic form. These records must be kept for a minimum of 3
years.
Schools Central Record
This record is not the same as the Department of Social Security BI510 statutory accident
book or the RIDDOR record, although the three might be combined, providing all the
information required by the legislation is included in the replacement record.
Schools should keep a record of any first aid treatment given by first aiders and appointed
persons. This should include:
Appendix A
Appendix B
General Principals
Head teachers have the right not to undertake the administration of medicines in cases
which are, in their opinion, outside of the school's responsibility.
If such decisions are taken the LA and governing body should be notified.
A list should be available in each school of the children who require emergency or regular
medication.
A senior member of staff in each school should take responsibility for medication policies.
School Journeys. The procedure outlined above should be followed. Where the trained
member(s) of staff is unable to accompany the school journey, it is advised that the pupil is
excluded from the trip unless a parent or person nominated in writing accompanies the
child.
Special Schools: This policy is for general guidance. Pupils with disabilities and/or
longstanding medical conditions which need special attention could require additional
nominated people or may have a service provided by the health authority. Each special
school should have its own arrangement within its safety policy and ensure that all staff
are familiar with their duties.
Additional Guidelines
Refusing medication:
If a pupil refuses medication, teachers should not force them to do so. The school should
inform the parents as a matter of urgency, and if necessary call the emergency services.
Record Keeping
Parents are responsible for supplying information about medicines that their child needs to
take at school, and for informing the school of any changes to the prescription of any
support that may be needed. The parent or doctor should provide written details including:
Name of medication
Dose
Method of administration
Time and frequency of administration
Other treatment required
Any side effects
Storage of medicines
The employer has responsibility for the safe management of medicines kept at the school.
This duty derives from the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
(COSHH).
Schools should not store large volumes of medication. When the school stores medicines,
staff should ensure that each is in a labelled container showing the name of the pupil,
name and dose of drug and frequency of administration. If a pupil requires two or more
prescribed drugs, each should be in a separate container. Staff should never transfer
medicines from their original containers. The head teacher is responsible for ensuring that
the medicines are stored safely.
Medicines should be kept in a secure place not accessible to pupils e.g a lockable metal
storage container.
If schools lock away medication that may be required in an emergency, all staff should be
aware of the location of the keys.
Those medicines that require refrigeration, may be kept in a refrigerator containing food
but should be in an airtight container and clearly labelled. Access to such refrigerators
should be restricted. Additional advice on safe storage may be obtained from a
pharmacist.
Disposal of medicines:
School staff should not dispose of medicines. Parents should collect medicines held at
school at the end of each term. Parents are responsible for the collection and disposal of
date expired medicines.
Hygiene:
All staff should be familiar with procedures for avoiding infection and must follow basic
hygiene procedures. Staff should have access to protective disposable gloves and aprons.
(Please refer to infection control policy for additional guidance)
Non prescription medicines:
Pupils sometimes ask for analgesics at school, including Asprin and Paracetamol. Staff
should not give non prescribed medication to pupils. They may not know whether the pupil
has taken a previous dose, or if medication may react with other medication being taken. A
child under 12 should never be given Asprin
Secondary Schools:
If a pupil suffers regularly acute pain, such as migraine or menstruation, the parents may
authorise and supply appropriate pain killers for their child's use with written instructions
about when the child should take the medication. A member of staff should supervise the
taking of the medication but not administer it.
Name of school
Name
Date of Birth
Address
Telephone numbers
Parent
home
Work
Mobile
Name of G.P
Telephone Number
Medical problem: See attached information and instructions
Name of school
Name
Date of birth
Address
Telephone numbers
Parent
home
Work
Mobile
Name of GP
Telephone number
Medical problem
Name of medicine
Procedures to be taken in an emergency
I would like my child to keep their medication on themselves for personal use as
necessary. I understand the school and staff have not taken responsibility for
administering this medication.
Individual Care Plan
Additional information appended Yes/No
Prevention
Treatment
Consent Form:
I consent to the named staff giving the stated treatment in the event of an
emergency as they consider necessary and/or administering the routine medication
as detailed on the medicines authorisation form.
I understand this is a service which the school is not obliged to undertake
I understand that I am responsible for ensuring the appropriate medication is
available to the school.
I authorise the school health team to contact my GP to discuss if necessary
I understand that the medication will only be administered if there is an authorised
member of staff in the school at the time. If no authorised staff are in school I will be
advised in order for me to provide cover or remove the pupil from the school for the
period when there are no authorised staff available.
I confirm that I am the parent/person with parental responsibility for this child and I
am able to give authority for the administration of the medication.
Signed:
Dated:
Headteacher:
Review date:
Authorised staff
Name
date of training
place of training
next review
Parents Responsibility
Date of birth
time
Medicine
given
dose
signature