220 KV GSS Hindaun city Karauli

A
Training Report
submitted
in partial fulfilment
for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Electrical Engineering

2016-2017

Submitted to:

Submitted by:

Mr. Satish Jangid

Jeetesh meena

Assistant Professor

13EVJEE049

Dept. Of Electrical Engineering

EE VII SEM

=================================================================
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SISYAWAS, SECTOR-36, NRI ROAD, JAGATPURA, JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN

VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

( Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to RTU Kota , Rajasthan )

Candidates Declaration
It is hereby declared that the work, which is being presented in the seminar report titled 220
KV GSS Hindaun City Karauli in partial fulfilment of the award of Bachelor of
Technology in Electrical Engineering and submitted in the department of Electrical
Engineering of Vivekananda Institute of Technology, Jaipur is an authentic record of the
work under the supervision and valuable guidance of Mr. Deepesh Agarwal , Assistant
Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering.
The matter presented in the report embodies the result of the studies carried out by the student
and has not been submitted for the award of any other degree in this or any other institute
Name of the Candidate : Jeetesh Meena
RTU Roll No. : 13EVJEE049

___________________________________

______________________________

Mr. Dhiraj Singh

Mr. Deepesh Agarwal

Head of the department

Assistant professor

Department of Electrical Engineering

Department of Electrical Engineering

Vivekananda Institute of Technology

Vivekananda Institute of Technology

Jaipur

Jaipur

Acknowledgement
... What makes us who we are should be glorified, personified and sung unto the stars!!
Muse, Enigmatic Evolution

Behind the successful completion of my training at 220 KV GSS HINDAUN CITY

KARAULI power house. I would like to extend my thanks to Mr. Arvind Kumar Jain
(assistant Engineer) and Mr. Kaluram Meena (junior Engineer) of Hindaun City power house
for their sincere contribution efforts and valuable guidance which made the training
interesting informative and easily graspable.
I would like to express my special thanks and gratitude to my mentor Mr. Deepesh Agarwal
assistant professor of Electrical department for providing me his support and for paving the
path towards the completion of this report by his esteemed guidance and enlightenment

I also like to extend my sincere regards to Head of the Department, EE and all the faculty
members Electrical Engineering for providing me their kind encouragement and cooperation
in strengthening our knowledge in this field and for providing me an opportunity to prepare
and present a seminar.
- Jeetesh Meena

Abstract
As being the student of electrical engineering branch I must know that how the power
transmission takes place. The theoretical study some time entangles the students with various
doubts and practical. Training helps to create a the pictorial view in the mind of the students
thus making the process of learning easier and formidable power transmission occupies an
indispensable position in the field of electrical engineering.
With the help of this report I would like to through some light on my experience and
knowledge that I was acquainted with at the 220 kv Gss Hindaun City Karauli . This is the
mean of connection between generating station and distribution substation by providing
safety and reliability of system in case of default. A transmission station may have
transformers to convert between two transmission voltages, voltage control devices such as
capacitors, reactors or static VAR compensator and equipment such as phase shifting
transformers to control power flow between two adjacent power systems. Transmission
substations can range from simple to complex. A small "switching station" may be little more
than a bus plus some circuit breakers. The largest transmission substations can cover a large
area (several acres/hectares) with multiple voltage levels, many circuit breakers and a large
amount of protection and control equipment (voltage and current transformers, relays and
SCADA systems)..

Contents
Candidate Declaration

ii

Acknowledgement

iii

Company Certificate

iv

Abstract

List of Figures

vi

Chapter No.

Chapter

Page No.

Chapter 1

Overview of Organisation

1-5

1.1

Definition of sub-station

1.2

Introduction to Hindaun power House

1.2.1

Incoming line feeders

1.2.2

Outgoing feeders

Chapter 2

Components Installed In a Substation

6-22

2.1

Outdoor switch yard

2.2

Battery room D.C distribution system

2.3

Bus Bars

2.4

Power transformer

2.5

current transformer

13

2.6

potential transformer

14

2.7

insulator

15

2.8

isolator

16

2.9

circuit breaker

17

2.10

lightining arrester

18

2.11

protective relays

20

Chapter 3

rooms

23-27

3.1

control room

23

3.2

battery room

26

3.2.1

Main applications of CVTs in HV Networks

10

3.2.2

Mechanical Features

10

3.2.3

Electrical Features

10

3.3

Coupling capacitors

10

3.4

Insulators

11

3.5

Type of insulators

11

3.5.1

Suspension type insulator

12

3.5.2

PIN TYPE

12

3.5.3

Strain insulator

13

3.5.4

Shackle insulator

14

Chapter 4

Earthing

27-31

4.1

Earthing

16

4.2

Need of Earthing

16

4.3

Different Terms used in Electrical Earthing

17

4.4

Methods of earthing

18

4.4.1

Pipe Earthing

18

4.4.2

Plate Earthing

19

Protection Devices

32-37

Chapter 5

5.1

Isolators

21

5.2

Fuse

22

5.2.1

AC and DC Fuses

22

5.2.2

One Time Use Only Fuse

23

5.2.3

Fuse Current Carrying Capacity

23

5.2.4

Breaking Capacity

23

5.2.5

Other type of Fuses

24

5.3

Typical Uses and Applications of fuses

26

5.4

Capacitor bank

26

5.4.1

Equipment used in capacitor bank

27

5.4.2

Protection provided to capacitor bank

28

Lightning arrestor

28

Types of Arrestors

29

5.6

Series reactor

29

5.7

Residual voltage transformer (R.V.T)

29

Chapter 6

Circuit Breakers

30-36

6.1

Circuit breaker

30

6.2

Requirement of a circuit breaker

30

6.3

Various types of circuit breakers

31

6.3.1

SF6 Circuit Breaker

31

6.3.2

Air Blast Circuit Breaker

32

6.3.3

Oil circuit breaker

34

6.3.4

Vacuum circuit breaker

35

Chapter 7

Protective Relays

37-38

7.1

Protective Relays

37

5.5
5.5.1

7.2

Distance Relays

38

7.2.1

Impedance Relay

38

7.2.2

Admittance Relay

38

7.2.3

Reactance Relay

38

Chapter 8

Current and Potential Transformers

39-42

8.1

Potential transformers

39

Types of potential transformer

40

Current transformer

40

8.2.1

Tank and tank cover

42

8.2.2

L.V and H.V bushings

42

8.2.3

Tap changer

42

8.2.4

Carriage

42

8.2.5

Jacking or lifting lugs

42

Chapter 9

Power Transformer

43-47

9.1

Windings

44

9.2

Tanks and fittings

44

9.3

Cooling Equipment

44

9.4

Transformer Accessories

45

Buchholz Relay

45

9.5

Temperature Indicators

46

9.6

Silica Gel Breather

46

9.7

Conservator

47

Chapter 10

Rooms

48-52

10.1

Control Room

48

Announcing Section

48

8.1.1
8.2

9.4.1

10.1.1

10.1.2

Control & Relay Panel

48

10.1.3

Event Logger

49

10.1.4

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

49

System (SCADA)
10.1.5

Scanning and Indication

49

10.1.6

Measuring instrument

50

Battery Room

40

Battery System

52

10.2
10.2.1

Conclusion

40

Reference

41

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. No.

Figure

Page No.

1.1

Hindaun City GSS Yard

1.2

Single Line Diagram

2.1

Battery Room

3.1

Wave Trap

3.2

Capacitive Voltage Transformer

3.3

Suspension Type Insulator

12

3.4

Pin Type Insulator

12

3.5

Strain Type Insulator

13

3.6

Shackle Type Insulator

14

3.7

Cause Of Failure

14

4.1

Earthing

16

4.2

Pipe Earthing

18

4.3

Plate Earthing

19

5.1

Cartridge Fuses

24

5.2

Blade Type Fuses

24

5.3

SMD and Axial Fuse

25

5.4

Resettable Fuse

25

5.5

Capacitor Bank in Yard

27

5.6

Lightning Arrestor

28

6.1

SF6 Circuit Breaker

31

6.2

Air Blast Circuit Breaker

32

6.3

Oil Circuit Breaker

34

6.4

Vaccum Circuit Breaker

35

7.1

Relays

37

8.1

Potential Transformer

39

8.2

Current Transformer

40

9.1

Power Transformer

43

9.2

Buchholz Relay

45

9.3

Winding and Oil Temperature Indicator

46

9.4

Silica Gel Breather

46

9.5

Conservator and Buchholz Relay Tank

47

10.1

Control Room

51

10.2

Battery Room

52