Name:

HW
7 (Chapter 8) Ethics Challenges
Philosophy (Love of Wisdom)
Does the Center Hold? Chapter 8: Critiques of Traditional Ethical Theories
1) Do animals deserve ethical treatment or only humans? What does it mean to treat
animals ethically? Can you think of any examples? How is this similar to or different
from the ethical treatment of humans?
animals deserve a proper ethical treatment for different species and that
means we can not think that they are just for food or clothing at the end and
out are living beings that deserve the same treatment they would receive
any human and examples can put the experiment make them live animals
which can be confirmed that suffer too just to satisfy the human desire to
experience and is very different from the treatment that are given to humans
because they have international conventions that defends all experiments
they can do
2) Does it make sense to talk about treating the earth ethically? What would it be like to
treat the earth ethically? Are humans treating the earth ethically right now? Have they
ever done so? Are you? Explain and use examples.
Clearly it makes sense to talk about the ethical treatment of the earth because
there are many things we are not doing well and you have to put a stop to all
those activities that damage to land and to treat it in a right way the first earth
must stop throwing chemicals into the water to stop the felling of trees
indiscriminately and stop killing animals because if we talk about the earth, the
earth is everything we touch is all we see and all that in the future we could do,
and if humans do not treat the earth well even we are still savages when the
earth is spoken and human act for good when already see more serious
problems, but not all humans are so ie most humans do not know the
importance but there are certain groups of humans if they know the importance
and try to defend it and fight against big corporations and if we every day we
can do something good for the Earth and would recycle using normal deodorants
not those of spray and these are detrimental to the ozone layer in this topic then
you just have to wait and see how the human society react to the problems they
give them to the earth
3) Socrates, Plato and Aristotle all suggest that only a good / virtuous person can
experience true happiness / fulfillment (eudaimonia). Do you agree? Explain.
Yes, I agree that a person with principles and good values can find peace itself
positivism and the desire to do good to others because it is sastifacion in the common
good, but at the end of it all each person has their own way of thinking and seeing life
each person has their own criteria of good and bad, many people see happiness in
materialism and are happy with it, just as there are people who are in the sentimental
and emotional.
(Synthesis Questions on Ethics IMPORTANT)
4) Should you strive to be a truly good and virtuous person? Why or why not?
if, because they are qualities that help us develop as good people with a different
mentality that allow us to make the common good, and if we have a good attitude with
others receive the same good treatment and get more advantages than disadvantages
in life and so it can be more pleasant and bearable. there are times where we can not
be good, not because they want to but because sometimes in the environment in which
we live does not always come up with good people because they simply can take
advantage of us and after all now have to learn to survive while maintaining a balance
and not become selfish and aggressive people
5) Understand cultural relativism and its limitations. Imagine that you grew up in Miami
and, therefore, became a Heat fan because you were raised in a Heat culture. You say
It is right to cheer for the Heat and wrong to cheer for other teams. Now, imagine
that instead of growing up in Miami, you grew up in Boston and, therefore, became a
Celtics fan because you were raised in a Celtics culture. You say It is right to cheer for
the Celtics and wrong to cheer for other teams.
a) In your own words, explain how this example demonstrates relativism. (Ex.
Because the standard for right and wrong comes from rather than )

is relative because each person defends where it came from, their beliefs and
customs and a dummy perfection on this is created as only look at our world and
not to others when we should value ours and in the same manner and with due
respect for other customs beliefs with open mind
b) Provide your own example (different from the Heat/Celtics example) that
demonstrates why cultural relativism is potentially dangerous.
c)
There are many cultures in the world such
Ecuador are the people of the coast and people living in the mountains can be a single
country but are totally different customs, people and are accustomed to their way of
life locked their customs create a barrier and see others in a way strange and often
losing respect for the customs of others, as is normal for each person defends where it
comes from but we should be more respectful and have a more open mind and see
beyond where we are
6) Understand and apply utilitarianism, which objectively analyzes the pleasures and
pains associated with different choices and then selects the path that leads to the
greatest overall pleasure. Imagine that you contracted a deadly virus while visiting
another county and you know that it will likely take your life within two weeks.
However, you would find great pleasure in seeing your family and friends one last time,
so you are trying to decide, Should I get on a plane and head home to visit family and
friends or should I lock myself in a room for my remaining two weeks. Suddenly, you
remember studying about utilitarianism! You decide to apply it to your situation.
a)

Identify the question/problem/issue that is at hand. Ex. Should Ior?

Should I or should not I go to visit my family knowing I'll die in 2
weeks? but if I go to visit my family I have to be aware that my
disease is contagious and potentially affecting all my loved ones

b)

Analyze the relevant information. Here, in utilitarianism, you must identify the options, and
weigh out the consequences in terms of pleasures and pains associated with each choice. (TIP:
create two columns, one for choice A and one for choice B. Then identify all of the people that
will be impacted by each choice. Then assign each of them a number that represents the
amount of pleasure they will experience in the remainder of their life IF that choice is made.
Use negative numbers to indicate pain (for example, eating pizza is +10 out of 100 and
getting stung
by a bee is -15 out of 100).

A: I decide to go visit my family knowing I have a contagious disease with the risk of
entering the country of my family I can quarantining but just could see them without
risk of getting sick
B: I decide to stay in fourth just knowing that I will not see my family suffer but aware
of the frustration that will cause for not having told anyone my illness

A
Mother
Father
Wife
Son
c)

B
+75
+75
+50
+40

Mother
Father
Wife
Son

-100
-97
-100
-100

Evaluate the situation by applying the standard or principle of the theory. For
utilitarianism, that standard is greatest net pleasure. So, identify which choice will yield the
set of consequences that will lead to greatest net pleasure/happiness. Explain your reasoning.
the greatest pleasure you will have is that at least could have seen her happy and
the family and that they at least learned by him and who supported him in these
very difficult as well as time wife made her happy to see him and you will have
many problems that would cease and will have to see how to get ahead with the son
he expected to have a prosperous future as they will grow up without a father

d)

Conclude

state your conclusion/response to the initial question and make sure it fits
with your analysis and evaluation.

in a strange country contracted a potentially contagious disease where I

had to raise and discuss your options applying utilitarianism for my

convenience and my family and so choose the option that benefits all so I
decided to go see my family because I know they will better appear the
idea that for the last 2 weeks we will spend together
7) Understand and apply deontology, which analyzes the sincerity of your intentions (not
intended consequences, but the intended-impact-upon-the-humanity-of-yourself-andothers).Imagine your friend comes and asks you Is my boyfriend/girlfriend cheating on
me? and you know that they are. You also know that your friend will feel emotionally
hurt if you tell the truth. You need to decide Should I tell the truth or should I lie to my
friend? Suddenly, you remember studying about deontology! You decide to apply it to
your situation.
a)

Identify the question/problem/issue that is at hand. Ex. Should Ior?

b)

Analyze the relevant information. Here, in deontology, you must identify the intendedimpact-upon-the-humanity-of-yourself-and-others in your choice (this is the hard part).
Deontology says, it doesnt ultimately matter what the law says is right, what your religion
says is right, or what your family says is right. You alone are responsible for analyzing your
true underlying intention-toward-Humanity in the willing that drives your choice regardless of
consequences. The consequences (such as your friend crying or breaking up) do not matter in
deontology. The intention alone is what matters. SO sort out the intention-toward-Humanity
that drives the act of lying and the one that drives the act of telling the truth. (Hint: Kant says
lying dehumanizes and disrespects the other because it is a choice that assumes you know
better than them and that they are not autonomous or rational enough to make their own
decision if presented with the truth.) Remove all concern for consequences from your analysis
when you apply deontology.

c)

Evaluate the situation by applying the standard or principle of the theory. For deontology,

that standard is the categorical imperative. So, identify the intention (from your analysis
above) and consider what the world would be like if everyone always acted on that intention in
everything they did, every day, forever. Is that a world that you could personally will into
being? Explain your reasoning. If it is not a world you could will into being, then do not act on
that intention.

Conclude

state your conclusion/response to the initial question and ma