25 Tallest Buildings in the World

1. Burj Khalifa
a. known as Burj Dubai before its inauguration, is a skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab
Emirates. It is the tallest artificial structure in the world, standing at 829.8 m
(2,722 ft).
b. Construction began on 6 January 2004, with the exterior of the structure completed
on 1 October 2009. The building officially opened on 4 January 2010, [1][9] and is part of
the new 2 km2 (490-acre) development called Downtown Dubai at the 'First
Interchange' along Sheikh Zayed Road, near Dubai's main business district. The
tower's architecture and engineering were performed by Skidmore, Owings and
Merrill of Chicago, with Adrian Smith as chief architect, and Bill Baker as chief
structural engineer.[10][11] The primary contractor was Samsung C&T of South Korea.
[12]
The tower's construction was done by the construction division of Al Ghurair
Investment group.
c. Burj Khalifa was designed to be the centerpiece of a large-scale, mixed-use
development that would include 30,000 homes, nine hotels (including The Address
Downtown Dubai), 3 hectares (7.4 acres) of parkland, at least 19 residential towers,
the Dubai Mall, and the 12-hectare (30-acre) man-made Burj Khalifa Lake. The
decision to build Burj Khalifa is reportedly based on the government's decision to
diversify from an oil based economy to one that is service and tourism based.
According to officials, it is necessary for projects like Burj Khalifa to be built in the city
to garner more international recognition, and hence investment. "He
(Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum) wanted to put Dubai on the map with
something really sensational," said Jacqui Josephson, a tourism and VIP delegations
executive at Nakheel Properties.

d.
2. Shanghai Tower
a. The Shanghai Tower (Chinese: ; pinyin: Shnghi Zhngxn Dsh;
literally: "Shanghai Central Tower") is a megatall skyscraper under construction
in Lujiazui, Pudong, Shanghai.[7] Designed by Gensler and owned by a consortium of
Chinese state-owned companies,[1] it is the tallest of a group of three adjacent
supertall buildings in Pudong, the other two being the Jin Mao Towerand
the Shanghai World Financial Center. The building stands approximately 632 metres
(2,073 ft) high and has 121 stories, with a total floor area of
380,000 m2 (4,090,000 sq ft).[8][9][10] Its tiered construction, designed for high energy

efficiency and sustainability, provides multiple separate zones for office, retail and
leisure use.[4][6][11] The Shanghai Tower is projected to open to the public in mid-2015.
[11]
Construction work on the tower began in November 2008. [7] Following its topping
out on 3 August 2013, the Shanghai Tower is currently the tallest building in
China and the second-tallest in the world, surpassed only by the Burj
Khalifa in Dubai.[12][13] It is also China's tallest structure of any kind, surpassing the
600-metre (1,969 ft) Canton Tower in Guangzhou. However, Shenzhen's 660-metre
(2,170 ft) Ping An Finance Centre will surpass the Shanghai Tower as China's tallest
building when it is completed in 2016.
b. The Shanghai Tower was designed by the American architectural firm Gensler, with
Chinese architect Jun Xia leading the design team. [18][19]The tower takes the form of
nine cylindrical buildings stacked atop each other, totalling 121 floors, all enclosed by
the inner layer of the glass faade.[4] Between that and the outer layer, which twists as
it rises, nine indoor zones provide public space for visitors.[4][13]Each of these nine
areas has its own atrium, featuring gardens, cafs, restaurants and retail space, and
providing 360-degree views of the city.[20]Both layers of the faade are transparent,
and retail and event spaces are provided at the tower's base. [4] The transparent
faade is a unique design feature, because most buildings have only a single faade
using highly reflective glass to lower heat absorption, but the Shanghai Tower's
double layer of glass eliminates the need for either layer to be opaqued. [21] The tower
is able to accommodate as many as 16,000 people on a daily basis.[22]In September
2011, the Japanese firm Mitsubishi Electric Corp. announced that it had won a bid to
construct the Shanghai Tower's elevator system. Mitsubishi Electric supplied all of
the tower's 106 elevators, including three high-speed models capable of travelling at
1,080 metres (3,540 ft) per minute the equivalent of 64.8 kilometres (40.3 mi) per
hour, or 18 metres/second. At the time of their installation in 2014, they were the
world's fastest single-deck elevators (18 metres/second) and double-deck elevators
(10 metres/second).[23] The building also broke the record for the world's furthesttravelling single elevator, at 578.5 metres (1,898 ft), surpassing the record held by
the Burj Khalifa.[24]The Shanghai Tower joins the Jin Mao Tower and SWFC to form
the world's first adjacent grouping of three supertall buildings. Its 258-room hotel, to
be operated by Jin Jiang International Hotels as the Shanghai Tower J-Hotel, located
between the 84th and 110th floors, will be the tallest hotel in the world at the time of
its completion.[2][25] The tower will also incorporate a museum.[26] The tower's sub-levels
provide parking spaces for 1,800 vehicles.[2]

c.

3. Abraj Al Bait
a. The Abraj Al-Bait Towers, also known as the Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower, is
a government-owned megatall building complex in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. These
towers are a part of the King Abdulaziz Endowment Project that strives to modernize
the city in catering to its pilgrims. The central hotel building has the world's largest
clock face and is the second tallest building and third tallest freestanding structure in
the world. The building complex is metres away from the world's
largest mosque and Islam's most sacred site, the Masjid al-Haram. The developer
and contractor of the complex is the Saudi Binladin Group, the Kingdom's largest
construction company.[1] The complex was built after the demolition[2] of the Ajyad
Fortress, the 18th-century Ottoman citadel which stood atop a hill overlooking the
Grand Mosque. The destruction of the fort in 2002 by the Saudi government sparked
Turkish and international outcry.[3]

b.
4. One World Trade Center
a. One World Trade Center (also known as 1 World Trade Center, One WTC and 1
WTC; the current building was dubbed the "Freedom Tower" during initial basework)
refers to the main building of the new World Trade Center complex in Lower
Manhattan, New York City. It is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere,
[11]
and the fourth-tallest in the world. The 104-story[5][8] supertall structure shares a
numeric name with the northern Twin Tower of the original World Trade Center, which
was destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The new skyscraper
stands on the northwest corner of the 16-acre (6.5 ha) World Trade Center site, on
the site of the original 6 World Trade Center. The building is bordered byWest
Street to the west, Vesey Street to the north, Fulton Street to the south,
and Washington Street to the east.
b. Construction of below-ground utility relocations, footings, and foundations for the new
building began on April 27, 2006.[12] On March 30, 2009, the Port Authority of New
York and New Jersey confirmed that the building would be officially known by its legal
name of "One World Trade Center", rather than its colloquial name of "Freedom
Tower".[1] The building is 104 standard floors high, but the tower has only 94 actual
stories.
c. Architect: David Childs, Daniel Libeskind

d.
5. CTF Finance Centre
a. CTF Finance Centre formerly The CTF Guangzhou, Chow Tai Fook
Centre (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese:
; pinyin: Zhu D F Shngyzhngxn; Jyutping: zau1 daai6 fuk1 soeng1 jip6
zung1 sam1) or Guangzhou East Tower (simplified Chinese: ; traditional
Chinese: ; pinyin: Gungzhu Dngt; Jyutping: gwong2 zau1 dung1 taap3)
is a supertall skyscraper under construction in Guangzhou, China. It will be the
second of the two Guangzhou Twin Towersskyscrapers overlooking the Pearl
River in Guangzhou. Its final height will be 530 metres (1,740 feet) with 111 floors. It
is expected to be completed in 2016.The building was topped out on 10 July 2014.
CTF Finance Centre was the fastest assembled skyscraper in modern history.
b. Architects: Kohn Pedersen Fox
Dennis Lau & Ng Chun Man Architects & Engineers

c.
6. Taipei 101
a. formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center, is a landmark supertall
skyscraperin Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan. The building was officially classified as
the world's tallest in 2004, and remained such until the opening of Burj

Khalifa in Dubai in 2010. In July 2011, the building was awarded the LEED Platinum
certification, the highest award according the Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, and became the tallest and
largest green building in the world.[5] Taipei 101 was designed by C.Y. Lee & partners
and constructed primarily by KTRT Joint Venture.[6][7][8] The construction started in
1999 and finished in 2004. The tower has served as an icon of modern Taiwan ever
since its opening.Fireworks launched from Taipei 101 feature prominently in
international New Year's Eve broadcasts and the structure appears frequently in
travel literature and international media.
b. Taipei 101 comprises 101 floors above ground and 5 floors underground. The
building was architecturally created as a symbol of the evolution of technology and
Asian tradition (see Symbolism). Its postmodernist approach to style incorporates
traditional design elements and gives them modern treatments. The tower is
designed to withstand typhoons and earthquakes. A multi-level shopping mall
adjoining the tower houses hundreds of stores, restaurants and clubs.
c. Architects: C.Y. Lee & Partners

d.
7. Shainghai World Financial Center
a. The Shanghai World Financial Center (SWFC; Chinese: ) is
a supertall skyscraper located in the Pudong district of Shanghai, China. It was
designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox and developed by the Mori Building Company,
with Leslie E. Robertson Associates as its structural engineer and China State
Construction Engineering Corp and Shanghai Construction (Group) General Co. as
its main contractor. It is a mixed-use skyscraper, consisting of offices, hotels,
conference rooms, observation decks, and ground-floor shopping malls. Park Hyatt
Shanghai is the tower's hotel component, comprising 174 rooms and suites
occupying the 79th to the 93rd floors, and constituting the second-highest hotel in the
world after the Ritz-Carlton, Hong Kong, which occupies floors 102 to 118 of
the International Commerce Centre.
b. On 14 September 2007, the skyscraper was topped out at 492.0 meters (1,614.2 ft),[1]
[3]
making it, at the time, the second-tallest building in the world and the tallest
structure in Mainland China. It also had the highest occupied floor and the highest
height to roof, two categories used to determine the title of "worlds tallest building".
The SWFC opened to the public on 28 August 2008, with itsobservation
deck opening on 30 August. This observation deck, the world's tallest at the time of
its completion, offers views from 474 m (1,555 ft) above ground level.

c. The SWFC has been lauded for its design, and in 2008 it was named by architects
as the year's best completed skyscraper.[7][8] In 2013, the SWFC was exceeded in
height by the adjacent Shanghai Tower,[9] which is China's tallest structure as of
2015. Together, the Shanghai World Financial Center, Shanghai Tower and Jin Mao
Tower form the world's first adjacent grouping of three supertall skyscrapers.
d. Architect: Kohn Pedersen Fox

e.
8. International Commerce Centre
a. MTR Corporation Limited and Sun Hung Kai Properties, Hong Kong's metro operator
and largest property developer respectively, were responsible for the development of
this skyscraper. Known in development as Union Square Phase 7, its current name
was officially announced in 2005. The International Commerce Centre was
completed in phases from 2007 to 2010. The tower opened in 2011, with the RitzCarlton opening in late March and the observatory in early April.
b. The height had been scaled back from earlier plans due to regulations that did not
allow buildings to be taller than the surrounding mountains. The original proposal for
this building was called Kowloon Station Phase 7 and it was designed to be 574 m
(1,883 ft) tall with 102 floors.[7] It would have risen 162 m (531 ft) over the thencurrent tallest in Hong Kong, 2 International Finance Centre
c. The tower was designed by the American architectural firm Kohn Pedersen Fox
Associates (KPF) in association with Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd.

d.
9. Petronas Towers
a. the Petronas Towers, also known as the Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: Menara
Petronas, or Menara Berkembar Petronas), are twin skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia. According to the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH)'s
official definition and ranking, they were the tallest buildings in the world from 1998 to
2004 and remain the tallest twin towers in the world. The buildings are a landmark of
Kuala Lumpur, along with nearby Kuala Lumpur Tower
b. Architects: Cesar Pelli

c.
10.Zifeng Tower
a. Zifeng Tower (Greenland Center-Zifeng Tower or Greenland Square Zifeng
Tower, formerly Nanjing Greenland Financial Center)[3][4] is a 450-metre
(1,480 ft) skyscraper completed in 2010 in Nanjing, China. The 89-story building
comprises retail and office space in the lower section, and restaurants, a hotel, and
a public observatory near the top. The towers stepping is functional, helping
separate these sections.[3]Architectural firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill designed
the building, led by Adrian Smith.

b.
11.Willis Tower (Formerly Sears Tower)
a. Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (Fazlur Khan& Bruce Graham)
[1]

b.
12.KK100
a. Terry Farrell

b.
13.Guangzhou International Finance Center
a. Wilkinson Eyre

b.
14.432 Park Avenue
a. Rafael Violy and SLCE Architects, LLP
[2]

b.
15.Trump International Hotel and Tower
a. Adrian Smith, Skidmore, Owings and Merrill

b.
16.Jin Mao Tower
a. Adrian Smith at SOM

b.
17.Princess Tower
a. Eng. Adnan Saffarini Office

b.
18.Al Hamra Tower
a. SOM

b.
19.2 International Finance Centre

a. Csar Pelli & Association Architects

[1]

b.
20.23 Marina
a. Hafeez Contractor
KEO International Consultants

b.
21.CITIC Plaza
a. Dennis Lau & Ng Chun Man Architects & Engineers

b.

22.Capital Market Authority Headquarters

a. Capital Market Authority Headquarters is a skyscraper under construction
in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
23.Shun Hing square
a. K.Y. Cheung Design Associates
[1]

b.
24.Burj Mohammed bin Rashid
a. Burj Mohammed bin Rashid,[3] is set to become the tallest building in Abu Dhabi
and the skyscraper with the most floors in the city upon its completion in 2013/14.
[4]
The residential building will stand 381 metres (1,250 ft) tall and contain 88 floors.
[5]
The complex contains a shorter office and hotel building, which also will be among
the tallest in the city.
b. Foster + Partners
25.Empire State Building
a. Shreve, Lamb & Harmon

b.