The Biological Level of Analysis Study Guide

For each of the following learning objectives, include two studies that you could use to answer the question, and then take any notes on what would be
key things that you would address in writing your response. For questions in red, they may only be asked as SAQs on the exam.

Learning Objective
Outline principles that define the biological level
of analysis. (Describe, analyse, explain)
Explain how principles that define the biological
level of analysis may be demonstrated in
research (that is, theories and/or studies).
(Outline, describe, analyse).
Explain one study related to localization of
function. (Describe, analyse, outline)
Using one or more examples, explain effects of
neurotransmission and human behaviour.
(Describe, analyse, outline)
Using one or more examples explain functions of
two hormones in human behaviour. (Describe,
analyse, outline)
Discuss how and why particular research
methods are used at the socio-cultural level of
analysis. (SAQ: Describe, analyse, explain;
ERQ: compare/contrast, evaluate, examine)
Discuss ethical considerations related to research
studies at the socio-cultural level of analysis.
(SAQ: Describe, analyse, explain; ERQ:
examine)

Studies and strategies

The Biological Level of Analysis Study Guide

Learning Objective

Studies and strategies

Discuss two effects of the environment on

physiological processes. (SAQ: Describe,
analyse, explain; ERQ: examine, to what extent,
evaluate)
Examine one interaction between cognition and
physiology in terms of behaviour. (SAQ:
Describe, outline, analyse, explain; ERQ:
discuss, to what extent, evaluate)
Discuss the use of brain imaging technologies in
investigation the relationship between biological
factors and behaviour. (SAQ: Describe, analyse,
explain; ERQ: examine, evaluate)
With reference to relevant research studies, to
what extent does genetic inheritance influence
behaviour? (SAQ: Describe, analyse, explain;
ERQ: examine, to what extent, evaluate)
Examine one evolutionary explanation of
behaviour. (SAQ: outline, describe, analyse,
explain; ERQ: discuss, evaluate)
Discuss ethical considerations in research into
genetic influences of behaviour. (SAQ: Describe,
analyse, explain; ERQ: examine)
Command terms
The following command terms are the only ones that may be used for Paper I SAQ questions: Define, Describe, Outline, State, Analyse, Distinguish,
Explain

The Biological Level of Analysis Study Guide

Essay questions will use the following command terms: Analyse, Distinguish, Explain, Compare and contrast, Discuss, Evaluate, Examine, To what
extent?
Definitions of command terms:
Analyse: Indicate the relevant inter-relationships between key variables and any relevant principles upon which the theory/research is based.
Discuss: A considered review or balanced discussion of a particular topic.
Distinguish: Asks candidates to demonstrate a clear understanding of similar terms.
Evaluate: Candidates should weigh the nature of the evidence available, and identify and discuss the convincing aspects of the argument, as well as its
limitations and implications.
Examine: Asks candidates to investigate an argument or concept and present their own analysis. Candidates should approach the question in a critical
and detailed way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue.
Explain: Asks candidates to describe clearly, make intelligible and give reasons for a concept, process, relationship or development.
Outline: Give a brief account or summary.
To what extent?: Asks candidates to evaluate the success or otherwise of one argument or concept over another. Candidates should present a
conclusion, supported by arguments.