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CURSO:
BIOESTADSTICA
DOCENTE:
ING. LEONARDO ALVA CAMPOS
TEMA:
MUESTREO DE DONCELLA
INTEGRANTES DEL GRUPO:
DEL ROSARIO MERINO OREANA
LA DONCELLA
DATOS GENERALES DE LA ESPECIE:
DATOS DE LA MUESTRA
n
Peso Y(W)
1
147
2
221
3
247
4
248
5
249
6
257
7
270
8
281
9
287
10
288
11
293
12
301
13
305
14
310
15
327
16
336
17
336
18 MEDIA
339
19
341
MEDIANA
20
344
MODA
21
350
MEDIA
22
351
GEOMTRICA
23
356
24
359
25
375
26
378
27
399
28
413
29
442
30
476
Longitud
(L)
27
30
29
31
35
32
29
34
33
35
33
33
30
34
34
35
PESO
34
320.866
32
735
331.5
37
336
36
37
2.4959
36
38
30
36
38
40
42
43
X1
Altura
Ancho X3
X2(H)
(A)
6.1
2.4
6.1
2.8
6.8
3.4
6.8
2.8
7.5
3.2
6.6
3.2
7
3.5
6.9
2.9
7.1
3.1
6.9
2.9
7.1
3.1
7
2.9
7.1
3.6
7.1
3.2
7.5
3.2
LONGIT 7.4
3.4
ALTURA ANCHO
UD 7.2
3.2
34.26677.87.3267 3.2
3.24
7.4
3.3
34
7.25
3.25
7.8
3.3
34 Y 35
7.1
3.2
8
3.3
1.5324 7.20.8635 3.5
0.5087
7.3
3.3
7.8
3.4
7.4
3.5
8
3.3
7.5
3.2
8.6
3.6
8.6
3.7
8.2
3.8
TAMAO DE LA MUESTRA
N= 30
1. Cuntos peces tendramos que evaluar, para identificar que estn
dentro de la talla comercial (45 cm). Con un nivel de confianza de
90%; un error mximo de 2% y una probabilidad de xito del 7%
Z= 90%=
1.645
30* (1.645)2*0.07*0.93
2
p = 7%=
0.07
(0.02) *(30-1)+
2
(1.645) *0.07*0.93
q = 93%= 0.93
E= 2%= 0.02
n= 28.14= 28
2. Qu cantidad de peces hay que escoger para obtener que su
altura se encuentra entre 7 8 cm, con un error mximo de 2,
probabilidad de xito de 70 % y nivel de confianza del 95%.
Z=
p=
30* (1.96)2*0.7*0.3
(0.02)2*(30-1)+
(1.96)2*0.7*0.3
E= 2%= 0.02
n= 29.57= 30
95%= 1.96
70%= 0.7
q = 30%= 0.3
DISTRIBUCIN DE FRECUENCIAS
RANGO
GRUPO K
INTERVAL
O
Fr
f%
Fi
Fr
0.0333
3.33
0.0333
0.1333
13.33
0.1666
9
10
0.3
0.3334
30
33.33
14
24
0.4666
0.8
0.1333
13.34
28
0.9333
0.0667
6.67
30
30
100
F%
3.33
16.66
46.66
80
93.33
100
329
6
55.6966
334.179
R*
6
(R*-R)/2
2.5898
PARA LAS CLASES
147144.410
2.5898
2
476+
478.589
2.5898
8
2. DISTRIBUCION
LONGITUD
26.9 - 29.6
29.6 - 32.3
32.3 35
DE LA LONGITUD
f
Fr
3
0.1
6
0.2
7
0.2333
f%
10
20
23.33
Fi
3
9
16
Fr
0.1
0.3
0.5333
F%
10
30
53.33
35 - 37.7
37.7 - 40.4
40.4 - 43.1
3.
9
3
2
30
RANGO
16
GRUPO K
6
INTERVAL
O
2.7
R*
16.2
(R*-R)/2
0.1
PARA LAS CLASES
27 - 0.1
26.9
43 + 0.1
43.1
ALTURA
6.09 - 6.51
6.51 - 6.93
6.93 - 7.35
7.35 - 7.77
7.77 - 8.19
8.19 - 8.61
f
2
3
10
7
5
3
30
0.3
0.1
0.0667
1
30
10
6.67
100
25
28
30
0.8333
0.9333
1
83.33
93.33
100
DISTRIBUCIN DE ALTURA
Fr
0.0667
0.1
0.3333
0.2333
0.1667
0.1
1
f%
6.67
10
33.33
23.33
16.67
10
100
Fi
2
5
15
22
27
30
Fr
0.0667
0.1667
0.5
0.7333
0.9
1
F%
6.67
16.67
5
73.33
90
100
RANGO
2.5
GRUPO K
6
INTERVAL
O
0.42
R*
2.52
(R*-R)/2
0.01
PARA LAS CLASES
6.1 - 0.01
6.09
8.6 + 0.01
8.61
4. DISTRIBUCIN
ANCHO
2.389 - 2.626
2.626 - 2.863
2.863 - 3.1
3.1 - 3.337
DE ANCHO
f
Fr
1
0.0333
2
0.0667
3
0.1
14
0.4667
f%
3.33
6.67
10
46.67
Fi
1
3
6
20
Fr
0.0333
0.1
0.2
0.6667
F%
3.33
10
20
66.67
3.337 - 3.574
3.574 - 3.811
6
4
30
0.2
0.1333
1
20
13.33
100
26
30
0.8667
1
RANGO
1.4
GRUPO K
6
INTERVAL
O
0.237
R*
1.422
(R*-R)/2
0.011
PARA LAS CLASES
2.4 0.011
2.389
3.8 +
0.011
3.811
MEDIDAS DE POSICIN
A. PESO:
1) CUARTILES:
Q1: 255.8034 + {(7.5 - 5)/9} = 256.0834
Q2: 311.5 + {(15 - 14)/10} = 311.6
40%
40%
35%
30%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
10%
5%
0%
20%
86.67
100
2) DECILES
D1: 200.1068 + {(3-1)/4} = 200.6068
D2: 255.8034 + {(6-5)/9} = 255.9145
D3: 255.8034 + {(9-5)/9} = 256.2478
D4: 255.8034 + {(12-5)/9} = 256.5812
D5: 311.5 + {(15-14)/10} = 311.6
D6: 311.5 + {(18-14)/10} = 311.9
D7: 311.5 + {(21-14)/10} = 312.2
D8: 311.5 + {(24-14)/10} = 312.5
D9: 367.1966 + {(27-24)/4} = 367.9466
D10: 422.8932 + {(30-28)/2} = 423.8932
PORCENTAJES
DECILES
3) PERCENTILES
P16: 200.1068 + {(4.8-1)/4} = 201.0568
P27: 255. 8034+ {(8.1-5)/9} = 256.1478
P35: 255.8034+ {(10.5-5)/9} = 256.4145
P48: 311.5+ {(14.4-14)/10} = 311.54
P59: 311.5+ {(17.7-14)/10} = 311.87
P62: 311.5+ {(18.6-14)/10} = 311.96
P79: 311.5+ {(23.7-14)/10} = 312.47
P84: 367.1966 {(25.2-24)/4} = 367.4966
P91: 367.1966 {(27.3-24)/4} = 368.0216
P99: 422.8932 {(29.7-28)/2} = 423.7432
B. LONGITUD
1) CUARTILES:
Q1: 29.6 + {(7.5 - 3)/6} = 30.35
Q2: 32.3 + {(15 - 9)/7 } = 33.16
CUARTILES DE LA LONGITUD
45%
40%
40%
35%
30%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
10%
5%
0%
20%
2) DECILES
D1: 26.9 + {(3-0)/3} = 27.9
D2: 29.6+ {(6-3)/6} = 30.1
D3: 29.6+ {(9-3)/6} = 30.6
D4: 32.3 + {(12-9)/7} = 32.7
D5: 32.3+ {(15-9)/7} = 33.1
D6: 35 + {(18-16)/9} = 35.2
D7: 35 + {(21-16)/9} = 35.5
D8: 35 + {(24-16)/10} = 35.8
D9: 37.7+ {(27-25)/3} = 38.4
D10: 40.4+ {(30-28)/2} = 41.4
DECILE S DE LA LONGIT UD
120%
100%
100%
90%
80%
80%
70%
60%
60%
50%
40%
40%
30%
20%
20%
10%
0%
3) PERCENTILES
P16: 29.6 + {(4.8-3)/9} = 29.8
P27: 29.6 + {(8.1-5)/9} = 30.17
P35: 32.3 + {(9.9-9)/7} = 32.4
P48: 32.3 + {(14.4-9)/7} = 33.07
P59: 35 + {(17.7-16)/9} = 35.2
P62: 35 + {(18.6-16)/9} = 35.3
P79: 35+ {(23.7-16)/9 } = 35.86
P84: 37.7 + {(25.2-25)/3} = 37.77
P91: 37.7 + {(27.3-25)/3} = 38.47
P99: 40.4 + {(29.7-28)/2} = 41.25
C. ALTURA
1) CUARTILES:
Q1: 6.93 + {(7.5 - 5)/10} = 7.18
Q2: 7.35 + {(15 - 15)/7 } = 7.35
CUARTILES DE LA ALTURA
45%
40%
40%
35%
30%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
10%
5%
0%
20%
2) DECILES
D1: 6.51 + {(3-2)/3} = 6.84
D2: 6.93+ {(6-5)/10} = 7.03
D3: 6.93+ {(9-5)/10} = 7.33
D4: 6.93 + {(12-5)/10} = 7.63
D5: 7.35+ {(15-15)/7} = 7.35
D6: 7.35 + {(18-15)/7} = 7.77
D7: 7.35 + {(21-15)/7} = 8.2
D8: 7.77 + {(24-22)/5} = 8.17
D9: 8.19 + {(27-27)/3} = 8.19
D10: 8.19 + {(30-27)/3} = 9.19
100%
90%
80%
80%
70%
60%
60%
50%
40%
40%
30%
20% 20%
10%
0%
3) PERCENTILES
P16: 6.51 + {(3-2)/3} = 6.84
P27: 6.93+ {(6-5)/10} = 7.03
P35: 6.93+ {(9-5)/10} = 7.33
P48: 6.93 + {(12-5)/10} = 7.63
P59: 7.35+ {(15-15)/7} = 7.35
P62: 7.35 + {(18-15)/7} = 7.77
P79: 7.35 + {(21-15)/7} = 8.2
P84: 7.77 + {(24-22)/5} = 8.17
P91: 8.19 + {(27-27)/3} = 8.19
P99: 8.19 + {(30-27)/3} = 9.19
D. ANCHO:
1) CUARTILES:
Q1: 3.1 + {(7.5 - 6)/14} = 3.2
Q2: 3.1 + {(15 - 6)/14} = 3.7
40%
40%
35%
30%
30%
25%
20%
20%
15%
10%
10%
5%
0%
2) DECILES
D1: 2.626 + {(3-1)/2} = 3.626
D2: 2.863+ {(6-3)/3} = 3.863
D3: 3.1+ {(9-6)/14} = 3.3
D4: 3.1 + {(12-6)/14} = 3.52
D5: 3.1+ {(15-6)/14} = 3.742
D6: 3.1 + {(18-6)/14} = 3.957
D7: 3.337 + {(21-20)/6} = 3.503
D8: 3.337 + {(24-20)/6} = 4
D9: 3.574 + {(27-26)/4} = 3.824
D10: 3.574 + {(30-26)/4} = 4.57
DE CILE S DE L ANCHO
120%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20% 20%
10%
0%
30%
40%
50%
60%
3) PERCENTILES
P16: 2.863 + {(4.8-3)/3} = 3.46
P27: 3.1 + {(8.1-6)/14} = 3.25
P35: 3.1 + {(10.5-6)/14} = 3.42
P48: 3.1 + {(14.4-6)/14} = 3.7
P59: 3.1 + {(17.7-6)/14} = 3.93
P62: 3.1 + {(18.6-6)/14} = 4
P79: 3.337+ {(23.7-20)/6 } = 3.95
P84: 3.337+ {(25.2-20)/6} = 4.137
P91: 3.574 + {(27.3-26)/4} = 3.899
P99: 3.574 + {(29.7-26)/4} = 4.5
70%
80%
100%
90%
DATOS AGRUPADOS
PESO
144.4102 200.1068
200.1068 255.8034
255.8034 - 311.5
f
1
4
9
Xi
Xi*f
(Xi-X)2 *f
172.25 172.258 20681.66
85
5
12
227.95 911.820 31056.73
51
4
09
283.65 2522.86 9.458.34
311.5 - 367.1966
367.1966 422.8932
422.8932 478.5898
X=
=
2
(Xifi)
n
n
2
=
2
n
n
f
3
6
7
9
3
2
Xi
28.25
30.95
33.65
36.35
39.05
41.75
210
= 1033.8/30= 34.46
[ ( Xix )2fi]
2
9482.08
98
127836.9
811
4261.2327 = 65.2781
(Xifi)
= 127836.9811/30= 4261.2327
LONGITUD
26.9 - 29.6
29.6 - 32.3
32.3 35
35 - 37.7
37.7 - 40.4
40.4 - 43.1
X=
53
05
3393.48 5418.932
3
2
1580.17 24948.32
96
89
901.483 36272.98
74
= 9482.0898/30= 316.0697
[ ( Xix )2fi]
10
17
339.34
83
395.04
49
450.74
15
1869
= 395.847/30= 13.1949
13.1949 = 3.6325
Xi*f
84.75
185.7
235.55
327.15
117.15
83.5
(Xi-X)2 *f
115.6923
73.9206
4.5927
32.1489
63.2043
106.2882
1033.8
395.847
ALTURA
6.09 - 6.51
6.51 - 6.93
6.93 - 7.35
7.35 - 7.77
7.77 - 8.19
8.19 - 8.61
X=
=
2
(Xifi)
n
n
2
=
2
n
n
f
1
2
3
14
6
4
Xi
2.5075
2.7445
2.9815
3.2185
3.4555
3.6925
18.6
= 97.503/30= 3.2501
[ ( Xix )2fi]
2
222.18
9.3434
Xi*f
2.5075
5.489
8.9445
45.059
20.733
14.77
(Xi-X)2 *f
0.5515
0.5113
0.2164
0.4424
0.2531
0.7829
97.503
2.7576
0.3114 = 0.558
(Xifi)
(Xi-X)2 *f
2.4465
1.4118
0.7076
0.166
1.6474
2.9641
= 9.3434/30= 0.3114
ANCHO
2.389 - 2.626
2.626 - 2.863
2.863 - 3.1
3.1 - 3.337
3.337 - 3.574
3.574 - 3.811
X=
Xi*f
12.6
20.16
71.4
52.92
39.9
25.2
= 222.18/30= 7.406
[ ( Xix )2fi]
Xi
6.3
6.72
7.14
7.56
7.98
8.4
44.1
f
2
3
10
7
5
3
= 2.7576/30= 0.0919
0.0919 = 0.3032
DATOS DISPERSOS
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Peso
147
221
247
248
249
257
270
281
287
288
293
301
305
310
327
336
336
339
341
344
350
351
356
359
375
378
399
413
442
Longitu
d
27
30
29
31
35
32
29
34
33
35
33
33
30
34
34
35
34
32
35
37
36
37
36
38
30
36
38
40
42
Altur
a
6.1
6.1
6.8
6.8
7.5
6.6
7
6.9
7.1
6.9
7.1
7
7.1
7.1
7.5
7.4
7.2
7.8
7.4
7.8
8
7.2
7.3
7.8
7.4
8
7.5
8.6
8.6
Anch
o
2.4
2.8
3.4
2.8
3.2
3.2
3.5
2.9
3.1
2.9
3.1
2.9
3.6
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.2
3.6
3.7
X=
Xi
n
2 =
( Xix )2
n
30
476
43
8.2
3.8
ESTIMACIONES
a)
X
2
ALTUR
PESO
LONGITUD
A
320.8667 34.2667 7.3267
4463.182
12.8311 0.3533
3
66.8071
3.5821
0.5944
X= 320.8667
2 = 4463.1823
= 66.8071
Nivel de confianza = 95%
2.75666.8071
LI= 320 30
LS= 320 +
2.75666.8071
30
PESO
ANCHO
3.24
0.0857
0.2927
287.2511
=354.4823
b) LONGITUD
X= 34.2667
2 = 12.8315
= 3.5821
Nivel de confianza = 99%
2.4623.5821
LI= 34.2667 30
LS= 34.2667 +
2.4623.521
30
32.6526
=35.8768
c) ALTURA
X= 7.3267
2 = 0.3533
= 0.5944
Nivel de confianza = 90%
1.3110.5944
LI= 7.3267 30
LS= 7.3267 +
1.3110.5944
30
7.1844
=7.4690
d) ANCHO
X= 3.24
2 = 0.0857
= 0.2927
Nivel de confianza = 99.9%
3.6600.2927
LI= 3.24 = 3.044
30
LS= 3.24 +
3.6600.2927
30
=3.4356
DISTRIBUCION BINOMIAL
p= 1/5= 0.2
q= 4/5= 0.8
n= 30
k= 5
P(x=k)=
30 (0.6)6 (0.4)30-6
6
P(x=k)= 30!
(0.6)6(0.8)24
6! (30-6)!
P(x=k)= 7.7977*10-6 = 7.7977*10-4%
1.2689*10-10 = 1.2689*10-8%
P(x=k)=
30 (0.3)3 (0.7)30-3
3
P(x=k)= 30!
(0.3)3(0.7)27
3! (30-3)!
P(x=k)= 7.2034*10-3 = 0.7203%
DISTRIBUCIN NORMATIVA
a) Los pesos de una muestra de Doncella siguen una
distribucin normal, con una media de 320.87 gr. Y una
desviacin estndar de 66.80 gr. Determinar cuntos peces
se encuentran entre 281 a 356 gr.
P(281 z 356)
(281-320.87)/66.80 z (356-320.87)/66.80
-0.59 z 0.53
(z 0.53) (1 z -0.59)
z 0.53 (1 z 0.59)
z 0.7019 (1 0.2776)
= 0.4243
0.4243*30 = 13
Rpta: 13 peces se encuentran en el rango de esos pesos
b) La longitud de una muestra de Doncella sigue una
distribucin normal, con una media de 34.27 cm. Una
desviacin estndar de 3.58 cm. Determinar la probabilidad
de encontrar especies menores a la talla comercial (45 cm).
P(z < 45)
z < (45 34.27)/3.58
z < 2.99
0.9986 = 99.86%
Rpta: Hay una probabilidad de 99.86 %
c) Se sabe que un muestreo de Doncella sigue una
distribucin normal, con una media de 7.32 cm y una
varianza de 0.35. Determinar la probabilidad de encontrar
peces con una altura mayor a los 7 cm.
2
= 0.35
= 0.35= 0.59
P (z > 7)
z > (7-7.32)/0.59
P (1-z > -0.54)
1-z > 0.54
0.2946 = 29.46%
Rpta: La probabilidad es del 29.46%
d) Determinar la cantidad de peces que se pueden encontrar con un
ancho menor a 3.9 cm. Teniendo una media de 3.24 cm y una
desviacin de 0.29 cm.
P (z < 3.9)
Z < (3.9 3.24)/0.29
Z < 2.28
0.9887 * 30 = 29.66
= 30
LINEALIZACIN
a. RELACIN LONGITUD- ALTURA
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Longitud X
(L)
27
30
29
31
35
32
29
34
33
35
33
33
30
34
34
35
34
32
35
37
36
37
36
38
30
36
38
40
42
43
Altura Y (H)
6.1
LONGITUD
6.1
ALTURA
6.8
6.8
X= 34.27
7.5
2 = 12.83
0.35
6.6
7 = 3.58
6.9
x
7.1
y
6.9
7.1
7.1
n
7.1
7.5
x
7.4
b=
7.2
7.8
2
7.4
7.8
1
8
(
XY
)
7.2
7.3
7.8
7.4
8
7.5
8.6
8.6
8.2
Y= 7.33
2=
= 0.59
n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Longitud X
(L)
27
30
29
31
35
32
29
34
33
35
33
33
30
34
34
35
34
32
35
37
36
37
36
38
30
36
38
40
42
43
Ancho Y
(A)
2.4
LONGITUD
2.8
ANCHO
3.4
2.8
X= 34.27
3.2
2 = 12.83
3.2
0.0857
3.5
= 3.58
2.9
3.1
x
2.9
y
3.1
2.9
3.6
3.2
n
3.2
x
3.4
b=
3.2
3.2
2
3.3
3.3
3.3
1
3.5
( XY )
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.3
3.2
3.6
3.7
3.8
Y= 3.24
2=
= 0.2927