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6.1
J.A.Beachy
Algebraic Elements
from A Study Guide for Beginners by J.A.Beachy,
a supplement to Abstract Algebra by Beachy / Blair
1
=
3i, and so (x 1)2 = 3, and therefore
1
Solution: Let u = 2+i. Then ( 2+i)( 2i) = 2i2 = 3, so 2i
= 3( 2+i)
Q(u), and it follows easily that 2 Q(u) and i Q(u), so Q( 2, i) Q(u). The
reverse inclusion is obvious.
2 + i is x4 2x2 + 9.
17. Show that the polynomial f (x) = x2 + x 1 is irreducible
2
over the field K = Z3 , but
has two roots in the extension field F = Z3 [x]/ x + 1 .
Solution: Since f (0) = 1, f (1) = 1, and f (1) = 1, there are no roots of f (x) in
K. Since x2 + 1 also has no roots in K, we know that F is an extension field of K.
Letting [x] = , the elements of F have the form a + b, for a, b Z3 , and behaves
like i in C. A clue to finding the roots comes from solving x2 + x 1 in C. The
1
quadratic formula gives the solutions (1 5) in C. To translate to Z3 , note that
2
6.1
J.A.Beachy