|1

|2

#* &' $ &$ $! +. ) -
( +! #$% !
&01 &' ( %)
&01 01

! " #$%&' ( %)
./ . ) ! 10 2 $ &$ )
) !3
42 2+

)
) #$% ! 01 )
6 http://
http://englishgrammar.oporjang.com H1 *5 !
26
0

Tense ! . ) )# !

$ (1

&01 .5&0 I
./ 3

3 ( 6%(
%

! .

./

01

2 ! &01 2 *5 !

$ .com #$%
4- )
.H
&

#$%(1 1
1,

#62 $ &$ ) (
! "1 ! 6% ./ . % + *5 !

4 26 0

2 # ! !

01

2 #$%
+! #$% !

! O

&.(.
( Q %+
*5

- 0 )
.&.+.

|3

((1 1 : Parts of speech

((1 2 :
(Noun)
2.1
(1 . #$%
&%
2.2 &6 #$%& 5&6 0 %
2.3
)
! ))5
2.4 $ ! Z
)#$%
!)
2.5 $ .$1
&6 ./ & 5&6

" s(

$ ( ) s, sh, ch, x, z " es

$( ) y

$( ) o

(1$ ( ) f, fe

(1 .$1 5. 2

(1 5. )" ! ! 6% ./ &6 0 & 5&6

(1 5.& 5&6 (!

&6 # ! s ! (

& 5&6 # ! ! s ! (
2.6
(1
! )(12+ !
2.7
(1
! ) Counting Uncountable Noun
((1 3 : Article
3.1 $ 2+ a an
3.2 $ 2+ The
3.3 (1 ! 2+ a an the
((1 4 : 2+ few, a few / little, a little
((1 5 : 2+ There is/ There are
((1 6 : 2+ a lot of/ lots of
((1 7 : 2+ This / That g These / Those
((1 8 : 2+ Some / Any
((1 9 : 2+ Much / Many
((1 10 : 2+ How much / How many

4
6
6
6
7
8
9

18
20
22
22
23
25
27
28
29
30
32
34
35

|4

1 : Parts of speech (

!"# $%&)

Part of speech ("")* +")* , #

! 01 $ ! 0 01 ! Z !
My name is Tom. ( - Noun)
I am American. ( & - Pronoun)
Imm tall and slim. ( 3 -&( - Adjective)
I can play tennis. ( " - Verb)
And I can run fast. ( " " - - Adverb)
I love Thailand and Thai people. ( Q g Conjunction)
Itms hot in April. ( 3 & ( g Preposition)
Well!! I must go now. Bye. ( 3( - Interjection)
6789, parts of speech (" : ;&< #= >?#+&, @ 8 : ;&
1. Noun (
) 0 (12+#(
"1
4 (1 ( 4 +01
"1
4 (1)

+! boy girl man student doctor king father/ John Sam Ted Tom

+! dog cat bird tiger / Simba Kitty

"1
+! TV radio fan car soap / Sony Samsung Lux

4 (1 +! market bank city country / London Thailand England

(1 .
& % ( *! #$ *! $ ! x (! !)

&6 & 5&6 ( 2 26 6 2 )) & %

- .$1 &6 2 ./ & 5&6 $ #
5! !
& x+ % 2)$ ( +! s,
sh, ch, x, o, y, f ./
- & 5&6
! .$1 5. $ ! ! ./ &6 0 & 5&6 +! deer sheep fish
$ ( ) s H1 ! 6% ./ & 5&6 # !$ ./ &6
$ +! news, physics
.$1
% 2 &01 # )
./ & 5&6 +! men children
- #$% 01 Z
2. Pronoun ( & ) 0 (12+#(
)
+! I you he she it this that

33
& (Personal pronoun) & (1 (
& % 2 . % ( # +) 6 !
./ . %Q
./
3. Adjective ( 3 -&() 0 (12+ $ %
+! tall short small big
#.$ !
) # 0 . " !
5 3) #$% $ y# ! . ! (
2
45
$

|5
4. Verb ( " ) 0 (12+# ) %( +! go come run walk

3) )
26 3) )# !
(

! 2 x! & % 66 )
"
1 #.$ ! ) $ $ +! go goes going went gone ( )(1 O #.$ ! . # !
. $%#
5! ! .2+ Tense %
" # !$% Tense
! 0 $ 0
0
5. Adverb ( " " - ) 0 (12+ Q" %( ! ( ! (1
01
! +! fast slowly here there today
yesterday
6. Conjunction (
Q ) 0 (12+ +01
$ 0 . % +! and but or so
7. Preposition ( 3& () 0 (12+# )
& Q
+! in on at by from
8. Interjection ( 3( ) 0 (12+# )
01
)26 26 +! wow eh um

|6

2:
2.1

+ *7 (Common Noun)

+ (Noun)

+IJ$ ) (Proper Noun)

+ *7 (Common Noun) 89) +IJ$ ) (Proper Noun)

1.
+ *7 (Common Noun) 0 (12+#(
"1
4 (1 (1 Z . ! ./ 6 %6 $
)5 !
: boy, girl, man, woman, father, mother, son, daughter, king, queen, teacher, doctor, student
< K : cat, dog, bird, lion, tiger, fish, fly, spider, snake, whale
;#!"# : car, pen, map, bed, table, pillow, telephone, window
L : church, school, post office, station, bank, market
2.
& % (Proper Noun) 0 +01
"1
4 (1
: Sam Smith, David Beckham, Barak Obama, Britney Spears
< K : Simba, Angel, Bear, Buddy, Adam
;#!"# : . "6% ./ 1
"
! Z +! Toyota, Lux, Samsung, Sony, Apple, Pantine
L : 5!
0 . % (- ( . +! London, Tokyo, Canada, Italy, Asia, Africa
:(""# K < #= : " (
# +! Oxford University, Toyota Corporation,
DBS Bank
I&(" M@6& : December, June, Monday, Sunday, Valentine, Christmas
: <; : Thai, Japanese, Chinese, American, English, Australian
;#" , # : Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, the Taj Mahal, the Great wall of China, the Statue of
Liberty
N +: <;: # ! $ $ (% $ (% $(
3( 5 % +! the Nile River, Mount Fuji,
the Pacific, the Red Sea, the Grand Canyon, the Sahara
& %6%
) 2 x!
! ! 6% 5! !
.%

2.2 I"$O K 89)$M%$O K ("")*

$O K #.$ ! &5) 0 4
I" #.$ !
1
$M% #.$ ! $
2 (

I"$O K
4 6
# $% ! $M%$O KO
06

& 6
)
0 $

0 &5)
$

Z O 0
1

|7
)
2 01
$M%$O

$
$

2.3

6)6
$! 2 ) %
& %6% 1 01 $
$ #$%
&6 & 5&6 O .$1 5. !
.) H1 6% )
.$1
&6 ./ & 5&6 H1 (16% ) " ! Z 0 7 )N I"$O K / 7 )N
K >?#7 )N !"#7 )R@ SO)+ O +89) $ +
+I"$O K (singular) 0
(1 & 6
)
+$M%$O K (plural) 0
(1
6
.
) +! a man, a doctor / $
+! men, doctors
) +! a dog, a pig, a bird / $
+! dogs, pigs, birds
) +! an apple, a book, a car / $
+! apples, books, cars
4 (1 ) +! a school, a bank / $ 4 (1 +! schools, banks
+I"$O K +! He, She, It
+$M%$O K +! You, We, They #$% I O 5!2 $3! )

+ *&, 89)

*+*&, &%< #*M

|8
+ *&, *+*&, ("")*
+ *&, (" + *&,I7T < = I 9 S < !"#+ I9@ (+M9 @:;U
7 )" )
+ *+*&, (" + *+ + L < !"#+ *&, <,"# V : )
O6 M (" "@ #"( 8
+M9IWXKY 8@8@)"@ #*
+ *&, +M9 @"# K7 )" M ("M9 @:;U
+
+ *+*&, +"# K7 )" I&@
+ *&, +M9 @"# K7 )"
!
$ +" !
. % %
#$%# !
$%+" ! O +01
+! bike (6 ) O6%. % .) $
H! $ chair
( ) . % .) $O
%
1 $ bird . % .) .
$ ./
01 Z O
0 #$% $
O6% )
a cat #
1 / five cats #
a man *5+
1 / two men *5+
a car 4
1 / many cars 4
$
", 89, *+M9 @< I<;+ s 8< #< *+I<;+ 9 I79@ %7*7 I: man I7T men
4 6% 2
+I"$O K +$M%$O K (Singular & Plural)
+ *+*&, +I$@#"# K7 )" I&@
! ! ! 6%# ! # . !
O
+01 )"
5!) . "6% ./
0
$ ! Z +! %)

$
") ! %)
)(
(
)# ! 1 ! No) # !$ %)
H"
! ! 6% 1+"
O
./ %)
0 )" 2+!

% 2 $
"1
! .
1
" +" )#! chalk, soap *$$&Q(1 )O 0 paper 2+!
!
!) %

(1
! )( !
6% )
52
! ) (Uncountable Noun)
J) U 67*&,
+ *&, (" + 8 #8@89, O)*+ + LI @:("I&;+*&,
+ *+*&, (" + 8 #8@89, O)+:("I @I&;+
1 0 $ ! Z (1 1 # ! # # ! % !
) #$%
!) ! 4
%
& % $
5 $

2.4 M9

=!"# + *&,89) + *+*&,

M9 89) Y:, Countable Nouns

1. + LY:,O
( 1,2,3,]) M , I$(" O
3 cats, 5 apples, ten birds

*&,

|9
2. + LY:, a 89) an M , *&,
a pen, a dog, a ruler
an elephant, an orange, an ear, an egg
3. + L I7T %7$M%$O K*&,
dog = dogs, cat = cats
pen = pens , egg = eggs
4. Y:, How many + +$M%$O K I$("L +O
How many birds are there in the zoo?
There are ten birds.
How many sisters do you have?
I have two sisters.
M9 89) Y:, Uncountable Nouns
1. *+ + LY:,O
( 1,2,3,]) M , I$(" O
*&,

oil, soap, water

2. *+ + LY:, a 89) an M , *&,

tea, coffee
3. *+ + L I7T %7$M%$O K*&, I7T *&,I$@# %7I"$O KI U

tea = teas coffee = coffees c;& )

4. Y:, How much+ + I$("L +7 ;+ W

How much sugar do you want?

How much milk do you drink a day?

5. I7T *&,IJ$ ) +I"$O K Y:, ;@ I"$O K

Water is cool.

Sugar is sweet.

2.5 M9 I79@

+I"$O K I7T $M%$O K I<;+ s es

I<;+ s es M9# + I$(" YM,I7T +$M%$O K

! 01
(
26! ! .$1
&6 2 ./ & 5&6
! 2 x!6%
" s ! ( # !O
6
1 (1 ! ./ . y ) *5
(
26 #$% 1
( ( ! Z &01 2 3
(1 ! ./ . y .$1
&6 2 ./ & &5 6
"Q ! Z ) ! .

| 10
" s(
(1 Z .

$ ( ) s, sh, ch, x, z "

$ ( ) y4
y ./

$( ) o " s
es

(1$ ( ) f, fe
"

(1 .$1 #.$ 2
) $! ./
(1

5. )" ! ! 6% ./

5.& 5&6 (!

&6 # ! s ! (

& 5&6 # ! ! s ! (
I<;+ S <" , @ +
.$1 5.6 &6 2 ./
$ +!
1.
+ I7T

I"$O K

s !

y ./ & x+ % ) y " ies

" )( s #$% es
) f,fe #$ " ves

5! )
&6

%
& % ./
0 & 5&6

& 5&6

879

+1

(1 1

$M%$O K

879

)O+

boys

father

&!

fathers

&! $

girl

)O x"

girls

)O x" $

students

teacher

teachers

I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

)O+

$
5 $

+ I7T < K
cat

cats

bear

879
#

bears

bird

birds

tiger

tigers

0 $

dogs

dog

" S !(

boy

student

2.

es
% " s4

| 11
3.

+ I7T ;#!"#
I"$O K

4.

879

$M%$O K

pen

pens

car

cars

bike

46

bikes

flag

flags

fan

&)$

fans

879

$M%$O K

school
bank

banks

hospital

&)$ $

01

879
$ # !
Q

$ # !

offices

&

!"YM,I!, YOY I (U"#<,

hospitals

+$M%$O K ("

&

$ # !
$ $ # !

+ I<;+ s

+I"$O K $M%$O K +9# , @&, @ ch-sh-s-x-z

&6 & &5 6 .$1
.5 ! . ./ " es ! (

5.6 &6 2 ./ & 5&6

* @ WKV i "#ji+k<;
**!,"

Q $ *0

schools

office

.$1

. $ )

+ I7T L
I"$O K

I79@

879

O
(1$ ( ) ch #$% sh 2 !
(1$ ( ) z, x, s 2
I"$O K
watch

6 ") 1

& %!

+ 9# , @&, @ ch, sh, z, x, s YM,I<;+ es )

I:S ! (
I>S ! (

879
"

$M%$O K
watches

879
"

0 $

match

#+O

matches

#+O $

dish

dishes

$ 2

bus

buses

box

$!

boxes

$!

$ 2

| 12
**!," O "!,"
9# , @&, @ se, ce, ze YM,""I @# , @
house = houses HO
horses = horses HO
size = sizes H HO
)
face = faces HO
< "@ # *7Y:,

I>S &, @ )

A dish is very dirty.

% )"+ " " ) ("
6 2 1 .
Ten dishes are on the table.
(O )"+ +O
) % ( "$
6 " 2
5!
%

I79@

+I"$O K I7T $M%$O K +9# , @&, @ y

+ 9# , @&, @ y 8 #*&, 2 7 )IV ("

1. L, M , y I7T ) ( a, e, i, o, u) YM,I<;+ s *&,I9@
I"$O K

879

day
toy

$!

$M%$O K

879

days

toys

$! $ +"

key

$53x#6

keys

monkey

$"

monkeys

$53x#6 $ )
$" $

2. L, M , y I7T $@ : ) ( "IM ("O a, e, i o, u ) YM,I79@ y I7T i 89, I<;+ es

I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

879

baby

babies

( $

city

cities

country

. % (-

countries

$ . % (-

fly

# $

flies

# $

lady

3 &

ladies

3 &

| 13
**

I79@

! . % **
Two monkeys are playing.
(5
&$ "
$"
$ $!
This city is very clean.
)" H"((" " " $
0
% )

+I"$O K I7T $M%$O K +9# , @&, @ o

+ O) I " (" + 9# , @&, @ o >?# " !, #O)@ M "@ I$ ) #< I<;+ s #

< I<;+ es #< I<;+*&, U# s 89) es >?#<
&# U
** + 9# , @&, @ o <"*7 U I<;+ s
I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

radio

"( 3

radios

kilo

" $

kilos

studio

5)"

studios

bamboo

*!

piano

"( 3 $

photo

&4!

photos

kangaroo

6" 6

kangaroos
zoos

01

$ " $
5)"

bamboos
pianos

zoo

879

$ # !
*! $

&4!

$ 2

6" 6 $
$ # !

** + 9# , @&, @ o <"*7 U I<;+ es

I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

879

hero

33

heroes

33 $

potato

potatoes

1 $

tomato

% 0 (-

tomatoes

% 0 (- $ *$

| 14
** + 9# , @&, @ o <"*7 U I<;+ s M (" es S*&,
I"$O K

879

mosquito

879

mosquitos, mosquitoes

buffalo

3 $

buffalos, buffaloes

mango
volcano

$M%$O K

% !

mangos, mangoes

volcanos, volcanoes

% !

$ *$
$ $5

+ 9# , @&, @ o 8 UM+&M ("@# ?

! ) %
2 )5 ./
! #$% ./ (12+ ! #$% ! ( ! Z 2 3
O I7T <,"#O YM,*&, 6< *M+ "IM ("O U*M+ ?
! & 2 5 ! $
./ !
01 ! 6 2
6% ) 5(1 (1 .
! .(!
./
1 6
O ! . %
# $% *")&$ ) 0 (1
*")&$ )2
1 # $%
** < "@ # *7Y:, **
I want a kilo of meat.
O ( % "$ (

1 " $
0 ( 0
She has ten buffaloes.
+ # (O $
$!
"

I79@

1 " $)

+I"$O K I7T $M%$O K +9# , @&, @ f, fe

$%
O 2 1 (
+ 9# , @&,
+!
O6#$

&6 & 5&6

(1 4 #$ O6% ./ $ ) % # ! !
( )Z #$ 6%6 )
! ./
2
#
Z # ! 26#$
@ f, fe <"*7 UYM,I79@ f, fe I7T v 89, I<;+ es
6 I+@ &
" +&6 :U #!"# &01 .
: <;
M+ 7p (1# " 9%
Y *+, $3
.

| 15
I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

wife
knife
shelf

)
+

life
wolf

knives

) $ $!
+

lives

$ +"

wolves

. $

calf

$5

calves

$5

leaf

leaves

$ 2

** 8< IM9 U YM,I<;+ s <" , @I

M9#

wives
shelves
+"

879

+! 6 ..M M , # 6%
<%,I>q6 Q
(1
!5
O $ M5! ; R R ) $! H1 ./ !,"$; %O K !
I"$O K

879

chief

5!2$. " # !2
! ./
$

$M%$O K

879

chiefs

safe

5 H

safes

5 H $

gulf

gulfs

roof

roofs

reef
proof

"

&" 56

reefs
proofs

8< IM9 U + LI79@ f I7T v 89, I<;+ es M "( I<;+ s *&,I9@

scalf = scalfs, scalves $
staff = staffs, staves
# !(1 O " 2+ ! 2 x! 0 " s Z
** < "@ # *7Y:, **
His wife put two knives on the shelf.
" &3( (5
) % +O$
) $!
+

"

%(1 $ .

!
$
$ (1

&" 56 $

| 16
The chief is running for his life.
) % + " " " $
$ "1
! ! ")+ "

I79@

+I"$O K I7T $M%$O K +I79@ %7V @Y

+<"*7 U*+*&,I<;+ s I$("8 &# +I7T $M%$O K 8<I7T I79@ 879# %7 )V @Y M ("
I<;+ en, ren <" , @
+! 6 .. c%,: @ c%,M ;##$%I&S 1 *!
& I , $ M #$%qr $ M %
6
IM O
)
I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

879

man

*5+

men

woman

*5 x"

women

*5 x" $

child

)O

children

)O $

ox

*5+

oxen

foot

feet

( $

goose

geese

tooth

teeth

$ H1

mice

5 $

lice

mouse
louse
!,"$?# ) #
man ! ! #
men ! ! O
woman ! ! 5 "
women ! ! "
**< "@ #7 )R@ **
That tall man is my brother.
#)O( ( $ # "
QQ %
+
5Z
0 &1+

| 17
She has three teeth.
+ # Q (Q
$!

H1

+ # %7I&;+ *+ O)I7T I"$O K M ("$M%$O K

$% "( (
1 4 ./ #
!
! %
( O
$ !
0 1 # $%
+<"*7 U*++ I79@ %7 *+ O)I7T I"$O KM ("$M%$O K
+! 6 .. 79 # #$%8) ./ &01 (3 & 6% $! 79 8>9+" #$%79
Is" ;#
I"$O K

879

$M%$O K

879

fish

.$

fish

.$ $

deer

deer

sheep

#%

sheep

#% $

salmon

.$ #H$

salmon

.$ #H$

herring
.$ "
herring
.$ " $
3! $%( #$ 6% 5 ) !
1 ??? O " ( . %
+!
Fish are swimming very fast.
+
" " " (
.$ $
$ !
O
A big fish is eating a worm.
% + " ((" %
.$
1 $ "
!," O 89)<,"#O * ,&, @
ten fish .$ "
ten fishes .$ " + ")

| 18

+ + %7$M%$O KI

+<"*7*7 U*++ %7I"$O K ) +8< 7% $M%$O IK U

(
% 0 & %
+! (
)# !
$M%$O K

879

879
0*

"

clothes

trousers

pants

glasses

#!

shorts

!6

$M%$O K

goods

wages

( $

spectacles

#!

scissors

earnings

** < "@ #7 )R@ **

His trousers are very old but cool.
" ( H
" $) ( 5$

! # ! 6

Her wages are too high.

6 6O (5
!6
$! #& " .

+I"$O K8<+ s <" , @

+<"*7*7 U9# , @&, @ s 8<I7T I"$O KIJ@I9@
2 )5 & %(1 O 2+ ! %
t$ K

879

news
politics
statistics
economics
physics
** < "@ #7 )R@ **
Divorce statistics has been increasing sine 1990.
4" " !
) &"1
# !. 1990
News about the end of the world is spreading quickly.
! 1
$ )#& ! %6 . ! ) O

0
4" "

- I"+ "

| 17

+$M%$O K 8<*++ s <" , @

! . )5Z $

&6 # !

./ & 5&6 %

)5)Z !

t$ K

879

majority

! 2 x!

cattle
police

minority

poultry

./) !

people
3 -&( ( ./

. %+ +
& 5&6 ) +!

6 #$

The rich )
The poor ) 6
** < "@ #7 )R@ **
The majority in this country are rich.
! 2 x!2 . % (People are waiting for help from the government.
. %+ + !
+! $0 6 I $

2.6

+ *+*&, Y:, "@ Uncountable Nouns

! . 1 40 !
) (1$! .#$ 2

#$% ./
(1 ./
Q
O6% Q"
5! % H1 ! )

! ) 4 # ! ( 40 !
)O ( & % $ y ! Z
)
! ))5
#$% )Z
(1
)
!
O
! ) +! #$% O ! ) # ! (1 ./ 43#$%
(1
Z H1 6% )
52
! .

t$ K

"

879

air

beef

blood

$)

$0 )

butter

( ( %

cheese

$
#O

| 18
t$ K

"

879

coffee

cotton

O ( ("

education

O))3 +"

entertainment

O ( % (

"

experience

" .

flour

.%

flood

$)

furniture

" + %

gold

$)

grass

("
#.
(!

"6
(

happiness

#&&" "

homework

"

honey

"

#O

ice
information

" % +"

jam

#6

5$
#

knowledge

$$"6

love

luck

luggage

$"6

meat

milk

"$

money

"

"

music

" "

news

"

+
%
0

noise

oil

| 19
t$ K

"

879

oxygen

H" 6"

H" 6

paper

& & %

%)

pepper

&& & %

& ".

petrol

&O( ( "$

plastic

#&$ "

pork

&

power

&

rain

+0 &$"
&$

"

&$

rice

sadness

#H) "

salt

H $(

$0

sand

#H )

silver

H"$ %

snow

"
" %

sugar

+5 %

tea

toothpaste

(3Q & (

vinegar

" " %

wine
wool

3$

work

"

$
+

+5

| 20

2.7

*+*&,

;N

+ *+*&,YM, *&,
6 " #$
(1
!)
O ) %
& % $
1 # $% +!
!5 %) + $ ./
45

(1
!)
!
4(16%
63 !5 0
)

6
Uncountable Nouns ( ) !

( # ! 1
Z # ! 6%

( ) $ "Q)

9iW) +
a sheet of paper
% +( ( & & % ( 1 #*!
%) ) %)
1 #*!
a drop of water
%) O && ( %( 1 )
)
1 )
a bar of soap
%
H& ( 1
!)5 5! 1
V : ) O6
a cup of coffee
% & & ( 1 4
#) # 1 4
a bag of sugar
% # +5 % ( 1 43
$)
$ 1 43
a bottle of wine
% ( ("$ $ ( 1 )
)
1 )
a glass of milk
% $ H H "$ ( 1 #
)
1 #
a bucket of water
% "( ( ( % ( 1 3
)
1 3
a plate of rice
% &$( ( H ( 1 6
)
16
a can of beer
%#
( 1 %.
)
1 %.

$ %

! )(
+ %(1

| 21
<#&
a kilo of beef
% " $ H ( 1 " $
0 ) 0
a liter of oil
% $"( ( % ( 1 $"
)
a gram of sugar
% #
+5 % ( 1
$)
a meter of ribbon
% ( % " " ( 1
" " )"
a yard of cloth
% ) ) $O Q ( 1 $ * ) * 1 $
a gallon of petrol
% #$ $" &O( ( "$ ( 1 #$$
< "@ # U#M+&"@%Y %7I"$O K U#M+& YM,I7T
( 2 ./ & 5&6 ( )
) .$1 2 ./
$ %
+ % 63 #$%
) (!
sheets of paper
+( & & % %) $ #*!
ten bars of soap
(O
H& 5! "
3 cups of coffee
Q & # 3 4
5 glasses of water
$ HO ( % 5 #
six kilos of rice
H" " $ H 6 " $

1 " $
1 $"
$ 1
"

+0 &$" )
+0 &$ 1 #$$
$M%$O K*&,*M+?
5.& 5&6 0 " s 1 # $% (1
+ *+*&,<,"# #I&;+* , +!

| 22

3 : Article
3.1 M9 Y:, article a/ an
M9 Y:, a / an
a"
an "

")
8"
0 %
!
M , +(
O ! 5 " 4 (
( O
0 6W 1 # $% +! 3
3 (
#.$ ! 1 Y:, M ,
+ *7 89)I7T +I"$O K
1. Y:, an M ,
+ !?U <, &, @ ) (a, e, i, o, u) 89) + + " I7T I @# ) ("+ " I7T
$@ : )<, 89)I 9 " YM,<& " " # "" 89, I" < )&< M , + Y 8 (S M % U 8M9))
an apple # # O& &"$ # . .$ 1 *$
an orange #
" 6
1 *$
an ant # # ( ) 1
an umbrella #
O$$% ! 1
an egg #
! 1
an ice cream #
H
-
an uncle #
"$ $3 1
1 #(!
+L?# + M , &, @ 6Wt$ K !?U <, &, @ a, e, i, o, u
an amazing boy # % HH"
)O+
-6
an easy question # H" H+ 4 ! Z
an impressive story # " & HH" " 01
! . %( 26
an old car #
$) 4 ! Z
an ugly woman # $" 5 " x" 5. ! ! $ )
h
an hour #
% 1 +1
an honest man #
" # + *5H01
1
2. Y:, a M ,
+ !?U <, &, @$@ : ) 89) + + " I7T I @#$@ : ) R&@IJ$ )< u ""
I @#I7T @
(*+Y:I @# ")
a cat #
1
a teacher 5 1
a dog 3
1
a ruler
() 1
a boy )O+
1
a car 4
1

| 23
!" #
" $%
u
a uniform % @% " +3) 5 "
1 +3)
a university % @% " H%("
(" $ # ! 1
a useful book % @% 3$ 3
0 (1 ./ . % +

1 $!

3.2 M9 Y:, The

2+ The ./ 01 (1 !
2 *5
!
& % )
5.! a
(1
) & x+ % an
(1
) % #$ the 6%
%
!
)( 5!(1$!
1 # $% (
! )O2+ ) +!
#$ 6% 5 ) ! $% ! 6%2+
# % ! $ (1 ! ( 2

! 2+ The ! 2 0

0 ( ./ *5 ! #$

#$% ! &%
6 " . & % ) ./
( #(Z O $ Z $0 Z
0 ! Z ./ .#$ 2+ The !
" %
$0 " # .! % )O
$Z (16%2 6)6 O # ! !1

k Y:, The M , +YM,O YM,*&,!,"I&@ " ("

M , + %, )M #c%,$%&89)c%,qr# ( "( *+ %,&, @*+I7T * )

M+ 5! $5
Where is the dog, honey?
# ! $5 3
#$% 5 ) ! M+ < *M (
)
# !4 3 # !&5) ! Where is a dog?

5!

(# !$5 #*!

&

$ ! #$ 2 $5+ &

.)7 )<%) 6
Close the door, Jo.
&
6 $!
#$% 5 ! 7 )<% *M ( (1
1 # $%)
# !4 &5) ! Close a door, Jo. ( . % 5 $
6%.)
O ) 1
#$% !
O
2 &5)# )
The coffee is very hot. Donmt touch it.
#
$ ! 6
% ( # O 8q #"@%M , 6W 8M9) ! )
4
#(1 $ )
+"( = Y:, The *&,8 (I" IJ$ )
) )

+ ) 6IO )O#9#*7 I7T "@ #* + O *M "@% *M #I<I"

O)+ !@ @I!, +
YM I7T
6$
I:

| 24
The tea in this pot is cold. + 2
O #$ ( & %(1 5!2
(! )
Donmt eat the fish in this bowl. Itms mine. ! " .$ 2 + 2
./
(
& %.$
2 4 2 )
The water from that company is very dirty. 6 " (
. ( & %6 " ( )
The M ,
+ +$@#" I&@ Y R9 U# UM+ @L?# ;# I;&!?U < +N +: <;M ("+ 6i@K , #!?U S
*&, I:
The sun $ )" ;<@K
The moon $ )O K
The world R9
The Earth & R9 ( +L?#& I )MK& #"( &, @ +")* , #M I" I"#) N +: <; I7T U
(9 9"# 8+ U " )I9 +M +6 )
The Champlain Canal $ #+ &$
The South China Sea (% $6 2
The Chao Phraya River # ! 6 & %
The Pacific Ocean
3( #.H"
The Persian Gulf ! . H
N +: <; I7T &; M (""@% &; ( )I9 @ 7p *+, I ("I! M+%I ))
The Rockies (0 O
The Sahara Dessert (% $( H !
The Amazon Forest . % H
The Bahamas 5! %
@I , V%I! 89)I ) +I$@#M ?#I&@
Mount Fuji 56"
Samui Island % 3
;# + 6i@K , #!?U (I: <? "
)$ 89) ;#" , # *7 )
The White House (
The Great Wall of China #& 0 6
The Golden Gate Bridge %&

$ )

The pyramids at Giza .

")# ! 0 H!

The Eiffel
$
The Taj Mahal (+ $
The M , L
= Y I+("# I: <9 & N
R #$@ 9 + ; L L*q L
! #c%,R&@
R #M # R #9) L < O *7 iW@K I7T <, +")* " , # "@ #I<I"
the market
the bus station
the bank
the theater
the hospital
the police station
the airport
the post office
the railway station

| 25
Jo, wherexs Jenny?
Shexs gone to the bank.
The M , :(" ;i "# K M, # , < #=
The Coca-Cola Company " (
$!
The United Nations
. %+ + "
@I , :("R #I @ & R #I @ +M ; @ 9@
Benchama Maharaj School
Ox6% %
+
Wat Arun ) 3
Chiang Mai University
"( $ + 2 !
The M ,
6Wt$ K!U %# 6&
The greatest man + *5 "1 2 x!(1 3)
The smallest cat #
(1 $O(1 3)
The richest woman x" (1 (1 3)
The M , 9 &
The first boy )O+ (1 1
The second year .(1
The third car 4
(1
The M ,
+ 9 >U U# "#I7T <, *7
I saw a man and a woman at the market yesterday. The man was tall but the woman was short.
O *5+
1 *5 x"
1 (1 $ ) 01
*5+
5 ! *5 x"

3.3 + *+<,"#Y:, a an the

)
5 ./ 0
%
! (12+ a an the ./ !
2+ A An The
%
)5 $
+ *+*&,
Tea is popular in China. + ./ (1 " 2 6
I like beef and fish. + 0 #$%.$ (.$ 2 (1 0 0 %
Water is clean and fresh. % )#$% )+01

( O

!2+!.$ ./

. % ((1 !

Z)

| 26
8<L, I7T ) 6IO )O# YM,Y:, The I:
The tea in this pot is cold. + Y M+," U O #$ ( & %(1 5!2
(! )
Donmt eat the fish in this bowl. Itms mine. ! " .$ Y : +Y U ./
(
& %.$
2 4 2 )
The water from that company is very dirty. O ;i U . ( & %6 " ( )
:("IJ$ )< #= I:
:(" , < 9 " IV" I+("# y 7 )I t 7I:
Ta Chui Village 5!
3
Thailand . % (- (
Hope Town 0 &
China . % (-6
Bangkok 3 (&
Asia +
California I# $"
Europe 3 .
@I , #7 )I t Y:, The
The United State I "
The United Kingdom
+ 6
The Philippines . % (-$"..
The Netherlands . % (- Q #$ )
:("L < " >" >"@
London Street 4 $ )
Rajdamnern Road 4
+) "
Sukhumvit Soi 1 3 3 "( H 1
z :(" )I9 I ) V%I!
Nong Han Lake (% $
Chang Island %+
Month Everest
z :(" I&("
Monday Tuesday Wednesday
January February
z :(" I t 9 # 7 )I$W
Christmas "
Halloween $
z :("
< K ;#!"#
Sam #H Jane 6 Anna #
Toop 6 5 Simba H"

| 27

4 : Y:, little, a little / few, a few M ,

Y:, little a little

R # , # little/ a little + + *+*&,
little $"( ("$ ") )
a little % $"( ("$ ") !
M ,
+ *+*&, ! O#.$ ! . " $O
7 ;+ WO) ,"@ a little %
&01 2 26 ) 6% ! 2 )5 %
There is a little water in the bottle.
#) " % $"( ("$ ( % " ) % ( ("$
") !
5! 2 ) ( " #$ )O" "1 )
There is little milk in the glass.
#) " $"( ("$ "$ " ) % $
") ) 2 # (" )#$ $0 # ! !1 ) ") # )
Y:, few , a few

) ( 5! # !

R # , # few/ a few + + *&,$M%$O K

few
a few % 1
!
0
0 ! !
Q" ! Z ! a few % ! few
! )
Y:, M ,
+ *&, ! +!
Few students go to school by bike.
5 )" ( (5 5$

.
) 46
A few cats are sleeping on the ground.
% # O(H H $&&"
) % )
# 1
$
$
&0
3. $ ! Z 0
! little M , + *+*&, few M , + *&, 4 a
! 16
0."
!

! little

| 28

5 : Y:, There is / There are

M9 Y:, There is / There are
(
#.$ ! 4
(1
2 !Z #.$
! (1 1 0 & %
There #.$ ! (1 1 is #.$ ! 0
./ (1 1 0
5 ! ! 6 " Z#$ #.$ !
#.$ 0 # !
$ .2+
! 0 %
01 &6 & 5&6
1
) # !4 5 $ #$ O
! $
M9 Y:, There is
R # , # There is + +I"$O K/ + *+*&,
There is a bottle of beer in the fridge.
#) " % ( ("$ $
" ) % "6 (
1 )2 5 O )
There is some beer in the glass.
#) " H
" ) % #$ (
$0 ") ! 2 # )
There is a glass of water on the table.
#) " % #$ ( %
) % ( "$ (
1 #
%)
There is some water on floor.
#) " H ( %
) % $ (
") !
&0 )
There is a cat under the tree.
#) " % # ( ( ) % ) % ( ( #
1 2
)
M9 Y:, There are
R # , # There are + +$M%$O K
There are ten men in the room.
#) (O O " ) % 5 ( + " 2
)
There are three women in the car.
#) ( " " ) % ( *5 x"
2 4)
There are a snake and a rat in my house.
#) " %
" )% # O( ("
( 5 1 #$% 5 1 2
* )
There are a lot of people in the market.
#) % $ ( ( & &"$ $" ) % "( ( 6
2 $ ))
There are some boys in the kitchen.
#) H
H" ) % "( +" ( )O+
2
)

| 29

6 : Y:, a lot of, lots of M ,

a lot of % $O ( (
lots of $O (
#.$ !
)(
) #$%
4
!)
4 ."

4
)
4 6

There is a lot of water in The Sirindhorn Dam.

#) " % $O ( ( ( % " ) % " " ( #)
."
2 01 " " Q
A lot of people went to the market yesterday.
% $O ( ( & &"$ O ( (5 ) % "( O
)
*5 6
. $ ) 01
She drinks lots of milk everyday.
+ ) " $O ( "$ O " )
$! "
(3
I have lots of cats.
# $O ( # O(
* # 6

+ *&,

!)

*+*&,

| 30

7 : Y:, This } That / These } Those

2+This g That / These g Those .2+ !
- )5 $
! ! ! ") )
this &; ( )
that 8&S ( )
these & (IM9 U)
those R& (IM9 U )
U M , ")*

4(

(1 )
! 0 2+ ./
6Wt$ K (
( !
$ ) 2 6)6 $ ! Z ! . 0
this / that ./ &6 ( ) )
these / those ./ & 5&6 ( $ )
M , I7T 6Wt$ K
1

! This / That 4
+! this boy ( )O

%
./

.
.% (
$ #.$O2
) that cat (#
) this pen (. )

(1 %

2 .%

$ ) #$% 2+ ./

$ +

$ %
) that house (

2+
$ )

R # , # This / That + +I"$O K

This car is very cheap. L U 45
This black shirt is 100 baht. I (U"I:;~< ) < U
100 (
This white house is tall. ,
M9# U 5
I donmt like that cat.
!+ 8+ < U
Who is that girl? I&SM ;# U 0 2
She lives in that hut? $!
- 5! 2 ) "+ M9# U
!
! These / Those O2 #.$ ! $! / $!
R # , # These / Those + +$M%$O K
These students are from Japan. I @ IM9 U 6 x1.3
These watches are very expensive. ; IM9 U #&
Those men go to work by train. c%,: @ IM9 U . (
) 4
Those dogs are playing in the park. 6 ! IM9 U $ $! 2
Whose are these books? M # (" IM9 U 0
2

| 31
He is looking at those women.
M , I7T
$ +

c%,M ;# IM9 U

( (1 ./
&
! !
$ #!
This / That I7T I"$O K (" I&@ )
These / Those I7T $M%$O K (M9 @" )
4 ./
& O !
$ %
$ #.$O2 #.$2 #.$ $ 3 -&(
This is my computer. 0
&"
That is his mom.
0 # !
What is this? 0 %
That is a man we met at school yesterday.
0 *5+ (1 6 (1
10
I donmt like this. I like that. * ! + " U * + " U ( ./ %
5! 4 )
Please take this. Donmt take that. 3
" U ! " U
These are my bikes. IM9 U 0 46
Those are my sisters. IM9 U 0 &1
What are those? IM9 U 0 %

| 32

8 : Y:, some 89) any M ,

ZO
5 10
(3# !(3 3 #$
26
% 4 ! 26O ! ! Z 6% .
) O 5 10
6% ! 2 01 2+ some #$% any H1 ./
1 (1 ./
.x
*5 O 0 !
.2+ #$ #.$ ! % # !
6% (
%6!
Y:, Some
1. some + +$M%$O K 879
#
Some cats are sleeping.
H # O(
$&&" #
# $
Some boys are very tall.
H
" ( $ )O+ #
5
2. some + + *+*&,
7 )R@ "I9 879
, # M (" ;&M "@
I have some money.
# H "
" 5!
There is some water in the glass.
#) " H ( % " ) % $
2 # ") !
@( !,"I "
+ IMS I "" M 89)I ("#&(+ " U*+<,"#879
Do you want some money?
)5 5 O ( H " 3
"
Can I get you some coffee?
#
O( +5 H 2 * H0 #2 3
!" SI7T " M 89)I ("#&(+"I: I @ " US*+<,"#879
Can I have some tea?
#
# H ( + ! )
Can you give me some salt?
# 5 " H H $( 3
$0 2
! )
Y:, Any

any+ +$M%$O K / any + + *+*&,

any 2+
& 5&6 #$%
7 )R@ L + 879 , #*M+

! ) +! ) some H1 6%2+2 . %

! .

| 33

Do you have any dogs?

)5 5 # " ) 3 3
Does she have any cars?
) + # "
$!
4
Do they have any water?
)5 ) # " ( % &
7 )R@ 7;I N 879 I9@
I donxt have any dogs.
) #( " ) * ! 3 $
She doesnxt have any cars.
+ ) H" ( #( "
$!
! 4 $
They donxt have any water.
) ) #( " ( % &
! $

| 34

9 : M9 Y:, Much Many

! Much Many ! O#.$ ! 0 # ! !
."
! many
4 6
O ! % H H
Q"
$ ) !
R # ,#
much + + *+*&,
many + + *&,Y %7$M%$O K
< "@ # *7Y:,
I have much money.
" I@")
She doesnmt need much sugar. $!
!
$ I@")
We donmt have much time.
! $ +
* . " ! much ! " !
6%2+ a lot of #(
Many ants are climbing the tree. ) M9 @< $ .
Many pens are long. . M9 @&, +
Many doctors are wearing glasses.
M9 @
#!
I have eaten many apples. * )" # . .$ M9 @c9
You have many cars. 3
4 M9 @
#$ ! $0 .- How much / How many ) %

(1 much
% %

4 2 +"
.)5 5.# 2+

| 35

10 : Y:, How much / How many

Y:, How much 89) How many
!
2+ ! !
6 ! Z ! How much 4 . "
6
# ! 6
2 # ! ! (!
M9 Y:, How much

Y:,L +7 ;+ W

R # , # How much + + *+*&,

How much money do you have?
+ " )3 3 # ( 3 " (! !)
One baht.
(( () )
How much sugar do you want?
+ +5% )3 3 O ( ( 3

$ %# ! )
Two kilos, please.
(5 " $ &$ ( " $ )
How much rice do you eat in the morning?
+ H )3 3 ( (" ) % " ( 3 "
%# ! 2
About three plates.
% Q &$( (. %
6 )
How much milk do you drink a day?
+ "$ )3 3 ) " % ) ( 3 )01
%# !
! )
Three glasses.
Q #$ HO ( # )
How much water do you use?
+ ( % )3 3 5 ( 3 2+
%# ! )
Ten bottles.
(O ( ("$ ( " ))

Y:,L +

R # , # How much + is].?/ How much does]cost?

0

How many 4

+)

| 36
How much is it?
+ +" "( ( (! !)
How much is that dog?
+ +" #)O( ) ( 3
(! !)
How much does that dog cost?
+ ) #)O( ) ( ( 3
(! !)
Six thousand baht.
H" Q H" ( ( & ()
M9 Y:, How many

Y:,L +O

R # , # How many + +$M%$O K

How many sisters do you have?
" H"
)3 3 # ( 3 &1 1 )
I have two sisters.
# (5 H"
(* &1
)
How many oranges do you want?
" " 6 )3 3 O ( ( 3
1*$)
I want ten oranges.
O (O " 6 (*

" *$)
How many dogs are there?
")
#) ( 3 1 )
There are two dogs.
#) (5 ) ( 3
)
How many tigers are there in the zoo?
" (
#) " ) % 5
This is one tiger.
#) "
( % ( 0 1 )