Lexi-Comp Online: Atropine

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Atropine
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Medication Safety Issues

International issues:
Genatropine [France] may be confused with Genotropin
Pronunciation(A troe peen)
U.S. Brand NamesAtroPen; Atropine-Care; Isopto Atropine; Sal-Tropine
Canadian Brand NamesDioptic's Atropine Solution; Isopto Atropine
Pharmacologic CategoryAnticholinergic Agent; Anticholinergic Agent, Ophthalmic; Antidote; Antispasmodic Agent,
Gastrointestinal; Ophthalmic Agent, Mydriatic
Use: Labeled Indications
Injection: Preoperative medication to inhibit salivation and secretions; treatment of symptomatic sinus bradycardia;
AV block (nodal level); ventricular asystole; antidote for anticholinesterase inhibitor poisoning (carbamate
insecticides, nerve agents, organophosphate insecticides)
Ophthalmic: Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia for examination of the retina and optic disc and accurate
measurement of refractive errors; uveitis
Oral: Inhibit salivation and secretions
Use: Unlabeled/InvestigationalPulseless electric activity, asystole, neuromuscular blockade reversal
Use: DentalReduction of salivation and bronchial secretions
Dosing: AdultsDoses <0.5 mg have been associated with paradoxical bradycardia.
Asystole:
I.V.: 1 mg; repeat in 3-5 minutes if asystole persists; total dose of 0.04 mg/kg.
Intratracheal: Administer 2-2.5 times the recommended I.V. dose; dilute in 10 mL NS or distilled water. Note:
Absorption is greater with distilled water, but causes more adverse effects on PaO2.
Inhibit salivation and secretions (preanesthesia):
I.M., I.V., SubQ: 0.4-0.6 mg 30-60 minutes preop and repeat every 4-6 hours as needed.
Oral: 0.4 mg; may repeat in 4 hours if necessary; 0.4 mg initial dose may be exceeded in certain cases and
may repeat in 4 hours if necessary
Bradycardia:I.V.: 0.5-1 mg every 5 minutes, not to exceed a total of 3 mg or 0.04 mg/kg; may give intratracheal in
1 mg/10 mL dilution only, intratracheal dose should be 2-2.5 times the I.V. dose.

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Neuromuscular blockade reversal:I.V.: 25-30 mcg/kg 30-60 seconds before neostigmine or 7-10 mcg/kg 30-60
seconds before edrophonium
Organophosphate or carbamate poisoning:Note: The dose of atropine required varies considerably with the severity of
poisoning. Total amount of atropine used in carbamate poisoning is usually less. Severely poisoned patients may
exhibit significant tolerance to atropine; 2 times the suggested doses may be needed. Titrate to pulmonary
status (decreased bronchial secretions). Once patient is stable for a period of time, the dose/dosing frequency
may be decreased. If atropinization occurs after 1-2 mg of atropine then re-evaluate working diagnosis.
I.V.: Initial: 1-5 mg; doses should be doubled every 5 minutes until signs of muscarinic excess abate (clearing of
bronchial secretions, bronchospasm, and adequate oxygenation). Overly aggressive dosing may cause
anticholinergic toxicity (eg, delirium, hyperthermia, and muscle twitching).
I.V. Infusion: 0.5-1 mg/hour or 10% to 20% of loading dose/hour
I.M.: AtroPen: Mild symptoms: Administer 2 mg as soon as exposure is known or suspected. If severe
symptoms develop after first dose, 2 additional doses should be repeated in 10 minutes; do not administer
more than 3 doses. Severe symptoms: Immediately administer three 2 mg doses.
Nerve agent toxicity management: I.M.: See Note. Prehospital (in the field ) or hospital/emergency
department: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 2-4 mg; severe symptoms: 6 mg
Note: Pralidoxime is a component of the management of nerve agent toxicity; consult Pralidoxime for specific
route and dose.
Prehospital (in the field ) management: Repeat atropine I.M. (2 mg) at 5-10 minute intervals
until secretions have diminished and breathing is comfortable or airway resistance has returned to
near normal.
Hospital management: Repeat atropine I.M. (2 mg) at 5-10 minute intervals until secretions have
diminished and breathing is comfortable or airway resistance has returned to near normal.
Mydriasis, cycloplegia (preprocedure):Ophthalmic (1% solution): Instill 1-2 drops 1 hour before the procedure.
Uveitis:Ophthalmic:
1% solution: Instill 1-2 drops 4 times/day.
Ointment: Apply a small amount in the conjunctival sac up to 3 times/day. Compress the lacrimal sac by digital
pressure for 1-3 minutes after instillation.
Dosing: ElderlyRefer to adult dosing.
Nerve agent toxicity management: See Note. I.M.: Elderly and frail patients:
Prehospital (in the field ): Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 1 mg; severe symptoms: 2-4 mg
Hospital/emergency department: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 1 mg; severe symptoms: 2 mg
Note: Pralidoxime is a component of the management of nerve agent toxicity; consult Pralidoxime for specific
route and dose.
Prehospital (in the field ) management: Repeat atropine I.M. (2 mg) at 5-10 minute intervals
until secretions have diminished and breathing is comfortable or airway resistance has returned to
near normal.

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Hospital management: Repeat atropine I.M. (2 mg) at 5-10 minute intervals until secretions have
diminished and breathing is comfortable or airway resistance has returned to near normal.
Dosing: PediatricNote: Doses <0.1 mg have been associated with paradoxical bradycardia.
Inhibit salivation and secretions (preanesthesia): Oral, I.M., I.V., SubQ: Neonates, Infants, and Children:
Children <5 kg: 0.02 mg/kg/dose 30-60 minutes preop then every 4-6 hours as needed. Use of a minimum
dosage of 0.1 mg in neonates <5 kg will result in dosages >0.02 mg/kg. There is no documented minimum
dosage in this age group.
Children >5 kg: 0.01-0.02 mg/kg/dose to a maximum 0.4 mg/dose 30-60 minutes preop; minimum dose: 0.1
mg
Alternate dosing:
3-7 kg (7-16 lb): 0.1 mg
8-11 kg (17-24 lb): 0.15 mg
11-18 kg (24-40 lb): 0.2 mg
18-29 kg (40-65 lb): 0.3 mg
>30 kg (>65 lb): 0.4 mg
Bradycardia: I.V., intratracheal: Neonates, Infants, and Children:
0.02 mg/kg, minimum dose 0.1 mg, maximum single dose: 0.5 mg in children and 1 mg in adolescents; may
repeat in 5-minute intervals to a maximum total dose of 1 mg in children or 2 mg in adolescents. (Note:
For intratracheal administration, the dosage must be diluted with normal saline to a total volume of 1-5
mL). When treating bradycardia in neonates, reserve use for those patients unresponsive to improved
oxygenation and epinephrine.
Organophosphate or carbamate poisoning:
I.V.: Children: 0.03-0.05 mg/kg every 10-20 minutes until atropine effect, then every 1-4 hours for at least
24 hours
I.M. (AtroPen): Children: Mild symptoms: Administer dose listed below as soon as exposure is known or
suspected. If severe symptoms develop after first dose, 2 additional doses should be repeated in 10
minutes; do not administer more than 3 doses. Severe symptoms: Immediately administer 3 doses as
follows:
<6.8 kg (15 lb): Use of AtroPen formulation not recommended; administer atropine 0.05 mg/kg
6.8-18 kg (15-40 lb): 0.5 mg/dose
18-41 kg (40-90 lb): 1 mg/dose
>41 kg (>90 lb): 2 mg/dose
Nerve agent toxicity management: I.M.: Infants and Children: See following Note.
Prehospital (in the field ):

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Birth to <2 years: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 0.05 mg/kg; severe symptoms: 0.1 mg/kg
2-10 years: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 1 mg; severe symptoms: 2 mg
>10 years: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 2 mg; severe symptoms: 4 mg
Hospital/emergency department:
Birth to <2 years: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 0.05 mg/kg I.M. or 0.02 mg/kg I.V.; severe symptoms: 0.1
mg/kg I.M. or 0.02 mg/kg I.V.
2-10 years: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 1 mg; severe symptoms: 2 mg
>10 years: Mild-to-moderate symptoms: 2 mg; severe symptoms: 4 mg
Note: Pralidoxime is a component of the management of nerve agent toxicity; consult Pralidoxime for specific
route and dose.
Prehospital (in the field ) management: Repeat atropine I.M. (0.05-0.1 mg/kg) at 5-10 minute
intervals until secretions have diminished and breathing is comfortable or airway resistance has
returned to near normal.
Hospital management: Repeat atropine I.M. (infants: 1 mg; all others: 2 mg) at 5-10 minute intervals until
secretions have diminished and breathing is comfortable or airway resistance has returned to near
normal.
Administration: I.M.AtroPen: Administer to outer thigh. May be given through clothing as long as pockets at the
injection site are empty. Hold autoinjector in place for 10 seconds following injection; massage the injection site.
Administration: I.V.Administer undiluted by rapid I.V. injection; slow injection may result in paradoxical bradycardia.
Administration: I.V. DetailpH: 3-6.5; AtroPen: pH: 4-5
Administration: OtherIntratracheal: Dilute in NS or distilled water. Absorption is greater with distilled water, but
causes more adverse effects on PaO2. Pass catheter beyond tip of tracheal tube, stop compressions, spray drug
quickly down tube. Follow immediately with several quick insufflations and continue chest compressions.
StorageStore injection at controlled room temperature of 15C to 30C (59F to 86F); avoid freezing. In
addition, AtroPen should be protected from light.
Compatibility
Y-site administration: Compatible: Etomidate, famotidine, heparin, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, inamrinone,
meropenem, nafcillin, potassium chloride, propofol, sufentanil, vitamin B complex with C. Incompatible: Thiopental.
Compatibility in syringe: Compatible: Butorphanol, chlorpromazine, cimetidine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine,
droperidol, fentanyl, glycopyrrolate, heparin, hydromorphone, hydroxyzine, hydroxyzine with meperidine,
meperidine, meperidine with promethazine, metoclopramide, midazolam, milrinone, morphine, nalbuphine,
ondansetron, pentazocine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, promazine, promethazine, propiomazine, ranitidine,
scopolamine, sufentanil. Incompatible: Cimetidine with pentobarbital. Variable (consult detailed reference):
Pentobarbital.
Compatibility when admixed: Compatible: Dobutamine, furosemide, meropenem, sodium bicarbonate, verapamil.
Incompatible: Floxacillin, metaraminol, methohexital, norepinephrine.
RestrictionsThe AtroPen formulation is available for use primarily by the Department of Defense.
ContraindicationsHypersensitivity to atropine or any component of the formulation; narrow-angle glaucoma;
adhesions between the iris and lens; tachycardia; obstructive GI disease; paralytic ileus; intestinal atony of the elderly
or debilitated patient; severe ulcerative colitis; toxic megacolon complicating ulcerative colitis; hepatic disease;
obstructive uropathy; renal disease; myasthenia gravis (unless used to treat side effects of acetylcholinesterase

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inhibitor); asthma; thyrotoxicosis; Mobitz type II block

Allergy Considerations

Belladonna Alkaloid Allergy

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

Hyperthermia: In the presence of a high environmental temperature, heat prostration can occur.
Psychosis: Can occur in sensitive individuals.

Disease-related concerns:
Autonomic neuropathy: Use with caution in patients with autonomic neuropathy.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): Use with caution in patients with BPH.
Cardiovascular disease: Use with caution in patients with myocardial ischemia, HF, tachyarrhythmias,
and/or hypertension.
Hiatal hernia: Use with caution in patients with hiatal hernia associated with reflux esophagitis.
Hyperthyroidism: Use with caution in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Special populations:
Elderly: Use with caution in the elderly; may be sensitive to side effects.
Pediatrics: Use with caution in children with spastic paralysis.

Dosage form specific issues:

AtroPen: There are no absolute contraindications for the use of atropine in severe organophosphate
poisonings, however in mild poisonings, use caution in those patients where the use of atropine would be
otherwise contraindicated. Formulation for use by trained personnel only.
Geriatric ConsiderationsAnticholinergic agents are generally not well tolerated in the elderly and their use should be
avoided when possible. In elderly, anticholinergic agents should not be used as prophylaxis against extrapyramidal
symptoms.
Pregnancy Risk FactorC
Pregnancy ConsiderationsAnimal reproduction studies have not been conducted. Atropine has been found to cross
the human placenta.
LactationEnters breast milk (trace amounts)/use caution (AAP rates compatible )
Breast-Feeding ConsiderationsAnticholinergic agents may suppress lactation.
Adverse ReactionsSeverity and frequency of adverse reactions are dose related and vary greatly; listed reactions
are limited to significant and/or life-threatening.
Cardiovascular: Arrhythmia, flushing, hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia
Central nervous system: Ataxia, coma, delirium, disorientation, dizziness, drowsiness, excitement, fever, hallucinations,
headache, insomnia, nervousness

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Dermatologic: Anhidrosis, urticaria, rash, scarlatiniform rash

Gastrointestinal: Bloating, constipation, delayed gastric emptying, loss of taste, nausea, paralytic ileus, vomiting,
xerostomia, dry throat, nasal dryness
Genitourinary: Urinary hesitancy, urinary retention
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Weakness
Ocular: Angle-closure glaucoma, blurred vision, cycloplegia, dry eyes, mydriasis, ocular tension increased
Respiratory: Dyspnea, laryngospasm, pulmonary edema
Miscellaneous: Anaphylaxis
Drug Interactions
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (Central): Anticholinergics may diminish the therapeutic effect of Acetylcholinesterase
Inhibitors (Central). Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (Central) may diminish the therapeutic effect of
Anticholinergics. If the anticholinergic action is a side effect of the agent, the result may be beneficial. Risk C:
Monitor therapy
Anticholinergics: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of other Anticholinergics. Exceptions: Paliperidone. Risk C:
Monitor therapy
Cannabinoids: Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the tachycardic effect of Cannabinoids. Risk C: Monitor therapy
Potassium Chloride: Anticholinergic Agents may enhance the ulcerogenic effect of Potassium Chloride. Risk D:
Consider therapy modification
Pramlintide: May enhance the anticholinergic effect of Anticholinergics. These effects are specific to the GI tract.
Risk D: Consider therapy modification
Secretin: Anticholinergic Agents may diminish the stimulatory effect of Secretin. Risk D: Consider therapy
modification
Monitoring ParametersHeart rate, blood pressure, pulse, mental status; intravenous administration requires a
cardiac monitor
Nursing: Physical Assessment/MonitoringAssess other medications patient may be taking for effectiveness and
interactions. Monitor for tachycardia, hypotension especially if cardiac problems are present. Be alert to the potential
of heat prostration in the presence of high temperatures. Assess knowledge/teach patient appropriate use,
interventions to reduce side effects, and adverse symptoms to report.
Patient EducationTake oral forms exactly as directed, 30 minutes before meals. Maintain adequate hydration (2-3
L/day of fluids) unless instructed to restrict fluid intake. Void before taking medication. You may experience dizziness,
blurred vision, sensitivity to light (use caution when driving or engaging in tasks requiring alertness until response to
drug is known); dry mouth, nausea, or vomiting (small frequent meals, frequent mouth care, sucking lozenges, or
chewing gum may help); orthostatic hypotension (use caution when climbing stairs and when rising from lying or
sitting position); constipation (increased exercise, fluids, fruit, or fiber may help; if not effective, consult prescriber);
increased sensitivity to heat and decreased perspiration (avoid extremes of heat, reduce exercise in hot weather); or
decreased milk if breast-feeding. Report hot, dry, flushed skin; blurred vision or vision changes; difficulty swallowing;
chest pain, palpitations, or rapid heartbeat; painful or difficult urination; increased confusion, depression, or loss of
memory; rapid or difficult respirations; muscle weakness or tremors; or eye pain.
Ophthalmic: Instill as often as recommended. Wash hands before using. Sit or lie down, open eye, look at ceiling, and
instill prescribed amount of solution. Do not blink for 30 seconds, close eye and roll eye in all directions, and apply

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gentle pressure to inner corner of eye for 1-2 minutes. Do not let tip of applicator touch eye; do not contaminate
tip of applicator (may cause eye infection, eye damage, or vision loss). Temporary stinging or blurred vision may occur.
Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform prescriber if you are or intend to become pregnant. Consult
prescriber if breast-feeding.
Dosage FormsExcipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific
product labeling.
Injection, solution, as sulfate: 0.05 mg/mL (5 mL); 0.1 mg/mL (5 mL, 10 mL); 0.4 mg/0.5 mL (0.5 mL); 0.4
mg/mL (0.5 mL, 1 mL, 20 mL); 1 mg/mL (1 mL)
AtroPen: 0.25 mg/0.3 mL (0.3 mL); 0.5 mg/0.7 mL (0.7 mL); 1 mg/0.7 mL (0.7 mL); 2 mg/0.7 mL (0.7
mL) [prefilled autoinjector]
Ointment, ophthalmic, as sulfate: 1% (3.5 g)
Solution, ophthalmic, as sulfate: 1% (2 mL, 5 mL, 15 mL)
Atropine-Care: 1% (2 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride]
Isopto Atropine: 1% (5 mL, 15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride]
Tablet, as sulfate:
Sal-Tropine: 0.4 mg
Generic AvailableYes: Excludes tablet
Pricing: U.S. (www.drugstore.com)
Ointment (Atropine Sulfate)
1% (3.5): $8.99
Solution (Atropine Sulfate)
0.4 mg/mL (200): $23.14
1% (5): $8.99
1% (15): $12.99
Solution (Atropine-Care)
1% (2): $7.99
Solution (Isopto Atropine)
1% (5): $24.13
1% (15): $31.45
Tablets (Sal-Tropine)

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0.4 mg (30): $19.99

Mechanism of ActionBlocks the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle, secretory
glands, and the CNS; increases cardiac output, dries secretions. Atropine reverses the muscarinic effects of
cholinergic poisoning. The primary goal in cholinergic poisonings is reversal of bronchorrhea and bronchoconstriction.
Atropine has no effect on the nicotinic receptors responsible for muscle weakness, fasciculations, and paralysis.
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Onset of action: I.V.: Rapid
Absorption: Complete
Distribution: Widely throughout the body; crosses placenta; trace amounts enter breast milk; crosses blood-brain
barrier
Metabolism: Hepatic
Half-life elimination: 2-3 hours
Excretion: Urine (30% to 50% as unchanged drug and metabolites)
Related Information

Cycloplegic Mydriatics
Pralidoxime

Dental Health Professional ConsiderationsThe possibility of the need for an initial dose in excess of 0.4 mg has
been confirmed by the American Dental Association in its recommendation on the use of this medication to reduce
salivation during dental procedures.
Dental Health: Effects on Dental TreatmentKey adverse event(s) related to dental treatment: Xerostomia and
changes in salivation (normal salivary flow resumes upon discontinuation), dry throat, and nasal dryness
Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic PrecautionsNo information available to require special
precautions
Mental Health: Effects on Mental StatusUse of injectable dosage form may cause ataxia, hallucinations, dizziness,
amnesia, difficulty concentrating, agitation, delirium, paranoia, anxiety, and mania
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric TreatmentMay decrease the effects of phenothiazines; concurrent use
with psychotropics may result in additive anticholinergic side effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation)
Cardiovascular ConsiderationsAtropine, at usual recommended cardiovascular doses, causes blockade of muscarinic
receptors at the cardiac SA-node and is parasympatholytic (ie, blocks vagal activity increasing heart rate). A dose
0.5-1 mg is recommended for the treatment of bradyarrhythmias. In administering atropine, it is important to
recognize that lower doses (<0.5 mg) may have vagalmimetic effects (ie, increase vagal tone causing paradoxical
bradycardia). It is likely that the vagal tonic effects of atropine are mediated by blockade of muscarinic receptors at
the level of the brain. Thus, it is important that the recommended dose of atropine be administered by rapid
intravenous injection. Slow injection may result in paradoxical bradycardia. Atropine is also recommended as part of
the ACLS protocol. In this situation, in the absence of vascular access, atropine can be administered intratracheally.
For intratracheal administration, the dosage must be diluted with normal saline to a total volume of 10 mL.
Atropine causes mydriasis which makes the pupils unable to be evaluated in a neurologic examination.
Anesthesia and Critical Care Concerns/Other ConsiderationsAtropine, at usual recommended cardiovascular doses,
causes blockade of muscarinic receptors at the cardiac SA-node and is parasympatholytic (ie, blocks vagal activity
increasing heart rate). A dose 0.5-1 mg is recommended for the treatment of bradyarrhythmias. In administering
atropine, it is important to recognize that lower doses (<0.5 mg) may have vagalmimetic effects (ie, increase vagal
tone causing paradoxical bradycardia). A total dose of 3 mg (0.04 mg/kg) results in full vagal blockade in humans. In
the absence of vascular access, atropine can be administered intratracheally.

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Index TermsAtropine Sulfate

References
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs, The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human
Milk, Pediatrics, 2001, 108(3):776-89. [PubMed 11533352]
Eddleston M, Buckley NA, Checketts H, et al, Speed of Initial Atropinisation in Significant Organophosphorus
Pesticide Poisoning - A Systematic Comparison of Recommended Regimens, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol, 2004, 42
(6):865-75. [PubMed 15533026]
Eisenberg MS and Mengert TJ, Cardiac Resuscitation,
11320390]

N Engl J Med, 2001, 344(17):1304-13. [PubMed

Emergency Cardiac Care Committee and Subcommittees, 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care, Circulation, 2005, 112(24 Suppl):V1-203.
[PubMed 16314375]
Medical Management Guidelines (MMGs) for Nerve Agents: Tabun (GA); Sarin (GB); Soman (GD); and VX.
Available at: www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MHMI/mmg166.html. Accessed January 8, 2003.
Mokhlesi B, Leikin JB, Murray P, et al, Adult Toxicology in Critical Care: Part II: Specific Poisonings,
2003, 123(3):897-922.[PubMed 12628894]
Reigart JR and Roberts JR, Recognition And Management Of Pesticide Poisonings,
Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 5th edition, 1999: 34-47, available at
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/safety/healthcare.

Chest,

U.S. Environmental

International Brand NamesAtropin "Dak" (DK); Atropin (DE, FI, HR, SE); Atropin Dispersa (LU); Atropin Minims (NO);
Atropina (IT); Atropina Braun (ES); Atropina Llorens (ES); Atropina Sulfato Serra (ES); Atropine (GR); Atropine Dispersa
(HK); Atropine Martinet (FR); Atropine Sulfate (IL); Atropine Sulfate Tablets (GB); Atropini sulfas (HR); Atropinsulfat
Braun (LU); Atropinsulfat Lannacher (AT); Atropinsulfatloesung Fresenius (LU); Atropinum Sulfuricum (HU, PL);
Atropinum Sulfuricum Nycomed (AT); Atropocil (PT); Atropt (AU); Atrospan (IL); Bellafit N (CH); Bellapan (PL); BellpinoArtin (IN); Ciba Vision Atropine (TH); Colircusi Atropina (ES); Colirio Ocul Atropina (ES); Isopto (GB); Isopto Atropin (SE);
Isopto Atropina (AR); Isopto Atropine (AE, BE, BF, BH, BJ, CI, CY, EG, ET, GH, GM, GN, IE, IL, IQ, IR, JO, KE, KW, LB,
LR, LY, MA, ML, MR, MU, MW, MY, NE, NG, OM, PH, PK, QA, SA, SC, SD, SL, SN, SY, TH, TN, TZ, UG, YE, ZA, ZM,
ZW); Minims Atropine (AT); Minims Atropine Sulfaat (NL); Minims Atropine Sulfate (AE, BH, CY, EG, GB, HK, IL, IQ, IR,
JO, KW, LB, LY, OM, QA, SA, SY, YE); Minims Atropine Sulphate (FI); Minims-Atropine (IE); Minims-Atropinsulfat (AT);
Oft Cusi Atropina (ES); Oftan Atropin (FI); Redotex (MX); Stellatropine (LU); Sulfate d'Atropine-Chauvin (LU)
Copyright (c) Lexi-Comp, Inc. 1978-2008 All Rights Reserved.

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