Martin

Luthers
Doctrines

THE THREE SOLAE

Sola Scriptura
Sola Fide
Sola Gratia

THE THREE SOLAE

Only Scripture
Only Faith
Only Grace

SOLA
Scriptura

ALL
DOCTRINES
must be directly
derived from

Scripture.

SOLA
Fide

Justification by

Faith
Alone

For it is by grace you

have been
saved, through faith
and this is not from
yourselves, it is the
gift of God not by
works, so that no one
can boast.
-Ephesians 2:8-9

SOLA
Gratia

SAVED
by Gods

Grace

For the wages of

sin is death; but
the [free] gift of
God is eternal
life through Jesus
Christ our Lord.
6:23

-- Romans

Simil
iustus et
peccator

Simultaneously

Saint
and

Sinner

Luther vs. Erasmus

The Freedom
of the Will
Erasmus defends
Catholic teaching

Too far,
Luther!

On the

Bondage
of the

Will

ORIGINAL
SIN

The
Sinful
Nature

Can we be
cleaned?

Luther vs.
Erasmus
Erasmus

Luther

(Cooperative)

(Unilateral)

Gods grace acts as a

support for a free
human will in working
out salvation.

The human will is

bound by evil and only
Gods grace acting
alone an liberate it.

Luther vs. Erasmus

Both writers relied solely on

Scripture
to support their arguments.

THE PROBLEM

of the
Three Solae

The
Epistle
of James
The problem of the

three solae

Faith without works

is dead.
-- James 2:26 .

Priesthood
of
ALL Believers

BIBLICAL
INTERPRETATION
Catholic
Church

Martin
Luther

Scripture should be
interpreted in
accordance with the
teachings of the
Church.

An individual believer
can interpret the Bible
with help from the
Holy Spirit.

EPISTLE OF STRAW

The Seven
Sacraments
Baptism - usually given shortly after birth, it is meant to forgive
original sin.
Confirmation - done when reaching maturity
Holy Eucharist - The body and blood of Jesus Christ is eaten to
remember the Last Supper.
Marriage
Holy orders - the deacon, the priest and bishop.
Penance and remission of sin.
Using absolution, a priest or the church can forgive a sin, after confession.

Anointing of the Sick - used to be known as Last Rites, given

shortly before death

Sacraments
Baptism
Communion
Penance

SEVEN!

SEVEN!
Henry VIII
defended
Catholic
teaching in his
Defense of the
Seven
Sacraments.

Do not listen to
the Insults and
Detractions
against the Vicar
of Christ which
the Fury of the
little Monk
spews up against
the Pope...

-- Henry VIII

Excommunication
Pope Leo X demanded
that Luther recant 41 of
his Ninety-Five Theses.
Luther was brought
before the Diet of
Worms.
Luther was
excommunicated from
the Church.

Holy
Roman
Empire
An association
of German
principalities

House of Habsburg
or Hapsburg

Habsburg Dynasty
King of Spain
Holy Roman Emperor
Archduke of Austria
Duke of Burgundy

Devout Catholic
Titian, Charles V (1548)

(1521)

Luther defends his doctrines

before Emperor Charles V

Luther is then outlawed

Luther relied on his

patron, Frederick,
Elector of Saxony,
for protection from
his enemies.
Lucas Cranach the Younger
Luther and the Wittenberg Reformers

(1524-1525)

Over 100,000

KILLED

Against the
Peasants
Martin Luther
condemned the
peasants revolt.

Peace of Augsburg (1555)

Religion Determined by Local Ruler

Cuius regio, eius religio

Whoever reigns, his religion

Catholic OR Lutheran

Peace of
Augsburg
(1555)
Northern rulers
tended to choose
Protestantism while
Southern rulers
tended to choose
Catholicism.

Mostly Protestant

Mostly Catholic