Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
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Outline
Introduction
AV SWAT Model
Inputs for AV SWAT Model
Streamflow Projections
Conclusions
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
Remote Sensing
Introduction
Remote Sensing
Remote Sensing is the science
and art of obtaining information
about an object, area or
phenomenon through the
analysis of data acquired by a
device that is not in physical
contact with the object, area or
phenomenon under investigation.
Examples
1. Eyes are living examples (EMR distribution)
2. Sonar (like bats): Acoustic wave distribution
3. Gravity Meter: Gravity force distribution
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
Earth Surface
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
Synoptic Coverage
Mosaic from IRS P4 Oceansat - OCM
Characteristics of RS
Spatial Resolution
Spectral Resolution
Radiometric Resolution
Temporal Resolution
Spatial Resolution
Spatial Resolution
Coarse Spatial Resolution
Spectral Resolution
Pan Image (Course)
Radiometric Resolution
2 Bit Data (Coarse)
Karkeh sub-basin
watershed from
IKONOS
False color composite image (red = 850 nm, green = 650 nm, blue = 555 nm) of MODIS, ETM+ and IKONOS
Prof. D.2002).
Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
imagery (Left image Courtesy: Morisette,
Monitoring Floods
Non Flood Year (1988), TM 321
January, 2001
March, 2001
May, 2001
Similar data for entire World every 8-16 days, 250-1000 m, 36 bands
July, 2001
September, 2001
November, 2001
Remote Sensing in
Environmental Studies
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Components
Rainfall Estimation
Rainfall-runoff modeling
SCS CN Method
Sediment yield
USLE
Chemical transport
Nitrogen and Phosphorus
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
STORM
Storage, Treatment, Overflow Runoff Model
SWMM
Storm Water Management Model
DR3M-QUAL
Distributed Routing, Rainfall, Runoff Model Quality
CREAMS/GLEAMS
Chemical, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural
Management Systems/ Groundwater Loading Effects of
Agricultural Management Systems model
EPIC
Erosion/Productivity Impact Calculator
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
SWRRB
Simulator for Water Resources in Rural Basins
PRZM
Pesticide Root Zone Management model
AGNPS
Agricultural Non-Point Source pollution model
SWAT
Soil and Water Assessment Tool
Rainfall Estimation
Rainfall Estimation
Visible (VIS)
Infrared (IR)
Rainfall-Runoff Studies
Soil Salinity
Reservoir Sedimentation
Map Overlay
Raster
Vector
Real World
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
GIS Analyses
Use of GIS in
various
components
of Water
Resources
Assessment
Soils
Elevation
Land use
Management practice
Fertilizer or nutrient inputs
Type of machinery used for land preparation
Channel slope
Slope length factor
Flow direction
Flow pathways
Flow accumulation
Stream network
Catchment area
Upstream contributing area for
each grid cell
Slope/ Aspect
Indices calculated
Wetness indices
Topographic indices
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
DEM - Types
Mainly three Types of DEM
64
16
8
128
1
67
56
49
67
56
49
53
44
37
53
44
37
58
55
22
58
55
22
67 44
= 16.26
Slope:
2
67 53
= 14
1
128 1
16
Shuttle Radar
Topography
Mission (SRTM)
INDIA
Krishna Basin
(Karnataka)
Source: IWMI
RS
GIS
DEM
Hydrological Model
AV-SWAT Model
SWAT - benefits
AV SWAT is organized in a sequence of several linked tools grouped into eight modules:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Watershed delineation
Definition of Hydrological Response Unit (HRU)
Definition of the weather stations
AVSWAT databases ex. Soil attributes
Input parameterization, editing and scenario management
Model execution
Read and map-chart results and
Calibration tool
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
Malaprabha Basin
India
Arabian
Sea
Runoff
Precipitation
Maximum Temperature
Minimum Temperature
Wind Speed
Relative Humidity
Solar Radiation
Derived from IRS LISS III data merged with PAN data
Prof. D. Nagesh Kumar, Dept of Civil Engg, IISc, Bangalore
Model Performance
during the Calibration Period (1989-1994)
Model Performance
during the Validation Period (1994 2000)
350
Observed
SWAT simulated
2
R = 0.95
250
200
150
100
50
Jul-00
Jan-00
Jul-99
Jan-99
Jul-98
Jan-98
Jul-97
Jan-97
Jul-96
Jan-96
Jul-95
Jan-95
Jul-94
0
Jan-94
300
Month
Conclusions
Use of
Microwave Remote Sensing data
Hyperspectral data
Synergy of multispectral multi-date data
Challenges in DEM
Limitations in detecting stream network
Thank you