TMO60027 - V2.0 SG B12 Ed1 PDF

9100 BTS
B12 Description & Maintenance

Student Guide
TMO60027_V2.0-SG-B12-Edition 1
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Course outline
4. Topic/Section is Positioned Here
to 9100
BTS
1. Welcome
9100 BTS B12
Description
& Maintenance
1.
BTS
Description
B12
Description
& Maintenance
2. BTS Maintenance
9100 BTSDescription
B12 Descriptionand
& Maintenance
2. 1.
MC-TRX
Maintenance
1. BTS Description
1. MC-TRX Description and Maintenance
2. BTS Maintenance
3. MC-RRH Description and Maintenance
2. MC-TRX Description and Maintenance
1. MC-RRH
Description
1. MC-TRX
Descriptionand
and Maintenance
Maintenance
4. 3.
Abbreviations
and
Acronyms
MC-RRH Description and Maintenance
1. Abbreviations
and Acronyms
1. MC-RRH Description
and Maintenance
4. Abbreviations and Acronyms
1. Abbreviations and Acronyms
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Course objectives
9100
BTS
Upon
completion
of this course, you should be able to:
Upon completion of this course, you should be able to:
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TMO60027_V2.0-SG Edition 1
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Section 1
9100 BTS B12 Description &
Maintenance
@@SECT
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Module 1
BTS Description
TMO60027_V2.0-SG-B12-Ed1 Module 1.1 Edition 1
9100 BTS
All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent @@YEAR

Section 1 Module 1 Page 1
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9100 BTS B12 Description & Maintenance BTS Description
9100 BTS B12 Description & Maintenance
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Document History
Edition
Date
Author
Remarks
01
YYYY-MM-DD
Last name, first name
First edition

Module objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
Identify the role and the situation of the 9100 BTS
Identify the main functions of the 9100 BTS
Describe the telecom functions
Describe the O&M functions
Describe the transmission functions
Identify and describe the hardware modules of the 9100 BTS

Identify the possible hardware configurations of the 9100 BTS
113

Module objectives [cont.]
114

Table of contents
Switch to notes view!
1 Introduction
1.1 Situation of the BTS
1.2 Functions of the 9100 BTS
1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS
1.4 Portfolio
2 Functional architecture
2.1 Main architecture
2.2 Telecommunication functions
2.2.1 GMSK and 8-PSK modulation
2.2.2 Modulation comparison
2.3 O&M functions
2.4 Transmission functions
2.4.1 Abis interface
2.4.2 Abis timeslot mapping
2.4.3 Abis connection
2.4.4 Secondary abis
3 Hardware architecture
3.1 Global architecture
3.2 Station Unit Module (SUM)
3.3 Transceivers (TREs)
3.4 Antenna Network (AN)
3.5 Cabinets
3.6 Subracks
3.7 Temperature control
115
9100 BTS 3.8
B12 Description
BTS Description panels with Ethernet adapter board
MBI5& Maintenance
interconnection
3.9 MB0 interconnection panels
3.10 MBI3/MBI5 top view
4 Special cell options
4.1 Cell split
4.2 Extended cell
5 Configurations
5.1 Overview
5.2 MBI3
5.3 MBI5
5.4 CBO
5.5 CBIE/CBOE
5.6 MBO1
5.7 MBO2

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Table of contents [cont.]

116

Page
1 Introduction
117

1 Introduction
1.1 Situation of the BTS
BTS
Ater mux
BTS
is
Ab
BSC
T
C
Public
Switched
Network
A
MSC
MFS
HLR
BSC
Gb
IP GPRS
Backbone
BTS
OMC-R
SGSN
Internet
GGSN
MSC
118

1 Introduction
1.2 Functions of the 9100 BTS

The 9100 BTS is designed to ensure an outstanding quality of service
through very high radio performance and minimum service interruption,
and to facilitate all kinds of evolutions: site extension or sectorization and
implementation of future features.
The BTS performs:
Telecommunication functions:
The coverage of the radio transmission
The management of the air interface with the mobile
O&M functions
Transmission functions
119

1 Introduction
1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS

General features
Flexible configurations (up to 24 carriers in the same cabinet)
Support for GSM850, GSM900 (E-GSM), GSM1800 (DCS) and GSM1900 through
adequate hardware.
Dual-band configurations
Multi-standard configurations
Support several A5 ciphering algorithms (A5/0=no ciphering, A5/1 and A5/3)
Antenna diversity
Wide Band Combining
1 1 10

1 Introduction
1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS [cont.]

Telecom features
Full Rate (FR), Half Rate (HR), Enhanced Full Rate (EFR), Adaptive Multi Rate
(AMR) and Wideband Adaptive Multi Rate (W-AMR) are supported.
Reception sensitivity up to -119 dBm for GMSK modulation
Radio (synthesized) frequency hopping
Better coverage solutions:
High Power Configuration
GSM 900 (up to 90 W) and GSM 1800 (up to 70 W)
Low-loss configuration
Tower Mounted Amplifiers
TRE Dynamic Power Saving

Aims at reducing BTS power consumption
1 1 11

Synthesized frequency hopping

Synthesized frequency hopping (or so-called radio frequency hopping) is supported by the whole BTS
range, its use being optional. Two frequency hopping modes are available:
Standard RF hopping mode: a cell with N TRXs can have N-1 TRXs hopping (except for the TRX
carrying the BCCH), on M frequencies (M usually > N).
Pseudo baseband RF hopping mode: a cell with N TRXs can have all its N TRXs hopping on N
frequencies.
In the case of an extended cell configuration, to achieve the coverage range up to 70 km for the Outer cell,
the use of high gains and high antennas or the use of either a Range Extension Kit (REK) or a TMA is
advised.
TRE Dynamic Power Saving
It consists in switching off the Power Amplifier (PA) bias of a TRE as soon as several consecutive timeslots
are not used in DL on this TRE, which should allow a significant reduction of power consumption.

1 Introduction

O&M features
Station unit sharing
Automatic progressive shutdown in case of main power failure (AC powered BTS)
Support of the hardware auto-detection
Hot insertion / extension of all modules
Auto-identification
Unbalanced loss/power detection and regulation SW download (from BSC to BTS)
without service interruption
2 SW versions kept in flash EPROMs in SUM
Fast restart after breakdown
Remote inventory capability
Firmware upgrade
1 1 12
A single station unit module supports any BTS configuration, whatever the number of TRXs and sectors in one cabinet.
Automatic shutdown
For AC powered 9100 base stations, automatic progressive shutdown is performed in case of main power failure
so as to save the battery capacity, thereby increasing the backup time. In such a situation, a timer is set and
when it expires, TRXs are switched off with the exception of the BCCH TRX.
When the main power comes back during battery usage, for a given time (BTS timer), the TRXs previously
switched off for automatic shutdown, are autonomously switched on and initialized, in order to be used by the
system.
Auto-detection
Through internal permanent hardware polling, the BTS is able to detect any new plugged-in hardware
components (TRE, coupling elements, etc.) and informs the BSC.
This facility allows to simplify and speed up the BTS extension (typically add TRE), with no need for the operator
to explicitly describe neither the BTS configuration, nor its hardware capabilities.
Auto-identification
The following parameters are stored and are accessible from the BTS terminal equipment and in a second step from
the OMC-R:
Type and location for each managed module (i.e. replaceable units),
The sector to which each Antenna Network Combining (ANC) module belongs to,
The mapping TRX / ANC and the connectivity status, the hardware capabilities,
All the installed BTS hardware and software modules.
Unbalanced loss/power detection and regulation
Thanks to the ANC module, the BTS is able to detect unbalanced losses/powers within a sector and automatically
compensate it. This enables the use of TRXs of different power within the same sector, or the use of different
combining paths for TRXs belonging to the same sector.
Thanks to the 9100 BTS capability to be pre-loaded and to simultaneously store two software versions (with the
possibility of activating one or the other on request from the BSC), the software migration is performed with very
minimum service interruption.
The service interruption is minimized at initiation or restart: the Base Station performs a fast restart after a breakdown
(BTS software files are stored in a non-volatile memory). Only the minimum necessary files are required from the BSC.
The Remote Inventory feature allows the operator to get hardware and firmware information from the BTS terminal
and the OMC-R. This information is used for retrofit, deployment or maintenance. The benefit is to avoid on site visits.
All firmware are downloadable, except for the boot firmware.

1 Introduction

Transmission features
Up to 2 E1 Abis connections on the SUMA
Up to 4 E1 Abis connections on the SUMX
Ethernet Abis connection on the SUMX
Large variety of clock synchronization options:
Free running
Externally synchronized from:
Another BTS
PCM link
Integrated GPS receiver (optional)
By-pass of E1 Abis connections in case of BTS switchoff

DC or AC power supply
1 1 13

Up to 4 physical Abis interfaces are supported.

This allows a flexible connection of base stations to the BSC in chain or ring configuration.
In case of higher data throughputs, e.g. EGPRS, one Abis connection to the BSC may not be enough.
Then more than 1 Abis interface can be configured for the BTS (max 2 for the SUMA board).
Ethernet connection: a Gigabit Ethernet transmission option is realized on the SUMX hardware. It allows IP
over Ethernet on the Abis link.
The clock signals can be:
generated in a pure free-run mode by an internal frequency generator (need for preventive
maintenance once per year).
synchronized to an external clock reference (no preventive maintenance necessary):
Abis link (PCM-synchronized),
Another BTS (slave mode), previous BTS generation may be used,
Integrated GPS receiver as an option.
Power supply:
Indoor DC BTSs are supplied by -48 V to -60 V DC 20 %.
Indoor AC BTSs are supplied by 230 V AC 15 % (single-phase), 47 to 63 Hz.
Outdoor BTSs are supplied by 230 V AC (single-phase) or 400 V AC 15 % (three-phase), 47 to 63
Hz. The 230 V AC can also be used as 2x110 V AC by using an optional kit, which can be installed on
site. Alternatively, using the same DC input as for the external battery cabinet, those outdoor BTSs
may be supplied by 48 V DC, which allows sites powered by solar panel systems for example.

1 Introduction
Outdoor cabinets
Indoor cabinets
1.4 Portfolio
MB15
MB02
1 1 14
MB13
MB01
CBO

CBO-E
1 1 15

2.1 Main architecture
Sector 1
RF
SUM
Clock
TRE
AN
Transmission
Abis E1
Clock
To BSC
Traffic/Signaling/O&M
O&M
(OMU)
Sector n
Base station control

functions
BTS NEM
Antenna coupling Transmit/Receive

functions
functions
1 1 16

Station Unit Module (SUM)

Transmission controls:
Radio channel management.
Abis link management.
The Operation and Maintenance Unit (OMU) manages:
Fault management.
Performance management.
Transceiver Equipment (TRE) controls:
Modulation of the signal
TDMA frame
TRE consists of :
TRED: digital function of TRE
TREA: analog function of TRE
TREPA (TEPA): power amplifier function of TRE, part of TREA
TREP, TREPS, TREPSH: are on-board power supplies, providing all the necessary voltages and currents
for the TRE analog and digital functions
Antenna Network (AN) role:
coupling, duplexing and filtering.
Amplification and splitting.
The Network Element Manager (NEM) is the PC for local maintenance.

AN
Speech
transcoding
Rate
adaptation
Channel
encoding
Transmission
&
transcoder
functions
Speech
transcoding
Rate
adaptation
Interleaving
Burst
formating
Ciphering
Base band processing
Channel
Decoding
DeInterleaving
Burst
Unformating
Deciphering
Modulation
De
modulation
* Some uplink functions are duplicated for Antenna Diversity.

Duplexing
Analog processing
TRE
1 1 17
Transmission

Reception
BTS
2.2.1 GMSK and 8-PSK modulation

In order to get higher throughputs, the 8 Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK)
modulation is used.
8-PSK modulation encodes 3 bits per modulated symbol, as opposed to 1 bit per
symbol in GMSK.
This roughly triples the bit rate compared to GMSK.
(0,1,0)
(0,0,0)
(0,1,1)
(1,1,1)
(1,0,1)
(1,1,0)
(1,0,0)
1 1 18
One of the modulation used by EGPRS is based on the 8-Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK). In this modulation, we
define 8 states of different phases corresponding to all combinations of groups of 3 bits, each time the
phase will shift to the corresponding position on the circle (see above).
While shifting from one phase value to another, the signal modifies its amplitude.

2.2.2 Modulation comparison

GMSK:
GMSK is a constant amplitude modulation.
Power amplifiers are often used as close as possible to the saturation point in
GMSK, if not in the saturation region.
8-PSK:
8-PSK is a non-constant amplitude modulation.
it is important to ensure that peaks of 8-PSK modulated signals are using the
power amplifier in a non-saturation region.
Therefore the average 8-PSK power is smaller than the peak 8-PSK power.
The difference between the GMSK average power and the 8-PSK average
power is called the 8-PSK Delta Power.
1 1 19

2.3 O&M functions

The O&M functions monitor and control the operation of the BTS:
Configuration management
Central command control
Configuration / initialisation
File handling
Database
Remote inventory and RF cabling detection
Live Insertion and Removal of modules
Hardware extension / reduction
Fault management
Alarm detection and correlation
Alarm reporting
Alarm translation
Module power supply control
Performance management
1 1 20


The main BTS transmission functions are:
Abis interface supervision
Multiplexing and de-multiplexing data on the Abis interface
Signaling (RSL and OML)
Voice/(E)GPRS Traffic
Clock signal recovery from the Abis link

Generated by the internal frequency generator
Synchronized by the external clock reference:
Abis link
Another BTS (slave mode)
GPS receiver
NTP protocol
PTP protocol
Two physical Abis links can be used to connect the BTS to the BSC:
The first one is called Primary Abis and is used for every BTS.
The second one is called Secondary Abis and is only needed if the amount of
data handled by the BTS cannot be accommodated on the Primary Abis.
1 1 21

2.4.1 Abis interface

The 64-kbps Abis timeslots are split into four nibbles of 16 kbps.
On the Abis interface, we can find the following channels:
Radio Signaling Link (RSL):
RSL transports all the radio signaling to/from the BSC (SDCCH, SACCH, etc.). It relies
on the LAPD protocol.
One RSL channel is needed for every radio carrier of the BTS and it can use one or
four nibbles according to the RSL/OML multiplexing scheme.
O&M Link (OML):

It is used for file transfer (BTS SW and PM files), alarm reporting and O&M commands
(automatically sent by the BSC or upon operator request). It relies on the LAPD
protocol.
One OML channel is required for every BTS and it can use one or four nibbles
according to the RSL/OML multiplexing scheme.
The OML channel is always mapped on the Primary Abis link.
1 1 22

2.4.1 Abis interface [cont.]

Traffic Channel (TCH) - (basic timeslots):
It transports the Radio Traffic Channel user data.
It uses one nibble.
Eight TCHs are reserved for each radio carrier of the BTS (= two Abis timeslots).
Extra Abis Timeslots:

They are used to enhance the GPRS throughput of the BTS (EGPRS).
The TCH channels cannot accommodate any GPRS user traffic above 16 kbps (above
CS2). Extra nibbles will increase the TCH capacity.
One GPRS radio timeslot may require up to 5 Abis nibbles (MCS9), the basic TCH
nibble and four extra nibbles.
GPRS Channel (GCH):

GCH transports GPRS user traffic and GPRS dedicated signaling.
It is located among the TCHs and/or Extra Abis Timeslots.
A group of GCHs is dynamically aggregated into an M-EGCH that transports all the
GPRS traffic of a radio carrier.
1 1 23

2.4.2 Abis timeslot mapping

Abis mapping example for a 4-carrier
BTS using 4 extra Abis TSs
1
2
3
BCCH SDCCH TCH
SDCCH TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
SDCCH TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
4 SDCCH TCH
TS 0
1
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
TCH
0
1
2
3
4
SYNC
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
.
.
.
19 0
20 4
21
22 0
23 40
24 4
25 0
26 4
27
28 0
29 4
30
31
1
5
2
6
RSL 4
1
2
51
62
5RSL 36
1
2
5
6
RSL 2
1
2
5
6
RSL 1
OML
3
7
3
73
7
3
7
3
7
for
}TCHs
TRE 4
for
}TCHs
TRE 3
for
}TCHs
TRE 2
for
} TCHs
TRE 1
Case 1: No RSL multiplexing

1 1 24
If no RSL multiplexing is used, each RSL and the OML channel will use a separate 64-kbps timeslot.

2.4.2 Abis timeslot mapping [cont.]

0
1
2
3
4
0
1
2
3
4
SYNC
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
2
3
22 0
4
5
6
7
23
0
1
2
3
24
4
5
6
7
25
1
2
3
26 0
5
6
7
27 4
28 0
1
2
3
5
6
7
29 4
30 RSL 1RSL 2RSL 3RSL 4
OML
31
TCHs
TRE 4
TCHs
TRE 3
TCHs
TRE 2
TCHs
TRE 1
Case 2: 64-kbps static RSL

multiplexing
1 1 25
0
1
2
3
4
SYNC
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0
4
0
4
0
4
0
4
TCHs
1
2
3
TRE 4
5
6
7
TCHs
TRE 3
1
2
3
5
6
7 TCHs
1
2
3 TRE 2
5
6
7 TCHs
1
2
3 TRE 1
5
6
7
RSL 1..4 + OML
Case 3: 64-kbps statistic RSL
multiplexing
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
SYNC
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
EXTRA TS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
RSL4
4
RSL3
4
RSL2
4
TCHs
TRE 4
1
2
3
5
6
7
TCHs
TRE 3
1
2
3
5
6
7
TCHs
TRE 2
1
2
3
5
6
7
TCHs
RSL1+
TRE 1
1
2
3
OML
4
5
6
7
Case 4: 16-kbps statistic RSL
multiplexing
The 64-kbps statistic RSL multiplexing rule can be implemented in two ways according to the operators
choice:
Normal signaling load (like in the picture above): in this case, four RSLs and, if necessary, one OML
are multiplexed on the same 64-kbps timeslot (default setting).
High signaling load: in this case, two RSLs and ,if necessary, one OML are multiplexed on the same 64kbps timeslot. This case is useful for configurations with a lot of signaling traffic that needs a higher
RSL bandwidth (e.g., HR TRX).

2.4.3 Abis connection
RING
BTS with
Secondary Abis
BSC
Satellite Abis
CHAIN
1 1 26
STAR

2.4.4 Secondary Abis

The increase in traffic over the radio interface may lead to the use of a
secondary Abis. Special Abis topologies are accepted.
Both the primary and secondary Abis can carry Basic Time Slots, Extra
Time Slots and Signaling Time Slots, but the OML is compulsorily located
on the primary Abis.
Primary Abis
Port1
Secondary Abis
Port2
BSC
BTS
Primary Abis
Port1
BSC
Port2
Port1
Port1
Port2
1 1 27
BTS
BTS
BTS
Secondary Abis
Port2

The secondary Abis is used when there is not enough free timeslots on the primary Abis for all BTS
timeslots. It is required that the primary Abis should be fully assigned to the BTS. So the secondary Abis
cannot be attached to a BTS if the BTS is not alone on the primary Abis.
This implies that it is not possible to:
Connect a BTS in chain after a BTS with two Abis,
Change the Abis from chain to ring if there is a BTS with two Abis,
Attach a second Abis to a BTS that is not at the end of an Abis chain,
Attach a second Abis to a BTS that is in an Abis ring.
The primary and secondary Abis can carry Basic Time Slots, Extra Time Slots and Signaling Time Slots for
the TRXs in the BTS while the OML is compulsorily located on the primary Abis.

1 1 28

3.1 Global architecture

The Architecture of the 9100 Base Transceiver Station is based on three
levels:
Antenna Coupling Network level
Duplexer stage (ANC/AGC)
Combiner stage (ANY)
Transceiver (TRE) level

TRED
TREA
Base station Control Function (BCF) level

O&M
Trans
Clock
1 1 29

3.1 Global architecture [cont.]
Air interface
Antenna coupling
level
AN
AN
RFI
RFI
ANY
ANY
TRE TRE TRE TRE
TRE TRE TRE TRE
RFI
Transmit/Receive
level
TRE TRE TRE TRE
BSII
SUM
FACB
BTS-RI
BCF level
BTS-CA
or COAR
XIOB
Abis Interface
1 1 30
Antenna coupling level

The general functions performed at this level are:
Duplexing transmit and receive paths onto common antennas
Feeding the received signals from the antenna to the receiver front end, where the signals are amplified
and distributed to the different receivers
Providing filtering for the transmit and the receive paths
Combining, if necessary, output signals of different transmitters and connecting them to the antenna(s)
Supervising antenna Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR).
Transceiver (TRX) level
The transceiver (TRX) level covers GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 functionalities, including full rate,
half rate, enhanced full rate, antenna diversity, radio frequency hopping (synthesized hopping) and
different ciphering algorithms. For each band, these functions are integrated into one single module.

3.2 Station Unit Module (SUM)

The SUMP/SUMA/SUMX provide the central management and control of all
the 9100 BTS modules.
SUM is responsible for the following functional areas:
Digital transmission
Timing and clock generation
Management of the BTS internal interfaces
O&M functions
RI
Control of the AC/DC converters and check of the batteries (SUMA/SUMX
only).
1 1 31

3.2 Station Unit Module (SUM) [cont.]

SUM functional blocks
1 1 32

3.2 Station Unit Module (SUM) [cont.]

SUM front panel
SUMP
SUMA
SUMX
Module
Extractors
Module
Extractors
Abis
Connectors
E1 Port
Connector
Equipment
Label
Dummy
panel
HSE
Connector
BTS Connection
Area Connector
Dummy
panel
Equipment
Label
BTS Connection
Area Connector
Equipment
Label
BTS Terminal
Connector
BTS Terminal
Connector
Test
Connector
USB
Connector
LEDs
GPS
Connector
LEDs
Test
Connector
Module
Extractor
1 1 33
GPS
Connector

LEDs
3.3 Transceivers (TREs)

The TRE combines digital baseband and analog RF functions in one
module.
The architecture is split into three functional blocks:
Digital part (TRED)
Analog part (TREA) with the power amplifier
Power supply (TREP)
1 1 34

3.3 Transceivers (TREs) [cont.]

TRE basic architecture
BCB
ADR
BSII
PSWITCH
TRED
CLKI
LEDS
FHL
DEBUG
HFFI
CUI
RCD
RFI
(1TX and 2RX)
ICA
TREA
PRI
TREP
PSI
1 1 35

The TRE combines digital baseband and analog RF functionality in one module. The architecture is split into
three functional blocks:
Digital part (TRED)
Analog part (TREA) with the power amplifier:
TEPAxx (for TADH, TAGH, TRAG, TRAD, TRAP and TADH)
TREPAxx (for TRGM, TRDM, TRDH and TRPM)
Power supply:
TREPS (for TRAG and TRAD)
TREPSH (for TADH, TAGH, TRAL, TRAP and TRDH)
TREP (for TRGM, TRDM, TRDH and TRPM)
In the TADH/TAGH/TRAD/TRAG/TRAL/TRAP TRE variants, TRED and TREA are realized on one submodule (TREDAx).
CUI also carries the reference clock to the analog part of the TRE.
Radio Cabling Detection (RCD) interface is used to report DC signals detected by TRE_A at RFI interfaces
to the TRE_D.
ICA is used as an interface to the EEPROM on TREA which stores the calibration and adjustment data.
The Power and Remote Interface (PRI) includes the power distribution to the TRE_D and TRE_A part and
the module.
Power Supply Control interface (PSI).


TRA front panel
1 1 36


TWIN TRA front panel
1 1 37
The new Twin module (TGT) can operate as:

one TRM for two TREs, and two TRXs in capacity mode.
one TRM for one TRE, and one TRX in coverage mode.
The size of the TWIN module is equal to the size of one single module that is a quarter of one shelf.


MC-TRA front panel
1 1 38

The new MC-TRA can operate in:

Mono-standard mode (GSM or UMTS).
Multi-standard mode (GSM+UMTS or GSM+LTE).
The following limitations apply in the case of Indoor configurations containing MC-TRXs:
2 MC-TRXs / AN
6 MC-TRXs / MBI3
9 MC-TRXs / MBI5
3 MC-TRXs / subrack (for MBI cabinets)
2 MC-TRXs / subrack (for other Indoor cabinets).
The following limitations apply in the case of Outdoor configurations containing MC-TRXs:
2 MC-TRXs / AN
3 MC-TRXs / subrack 1 and 4 (in MBOE cabinets)
2 MC-TRXs / subrack (for other subracks and other Outdoor cabinets).

3.4 Antenna Network (AN)

The main functions of the AN are:
Downlink
Isolation of the transmitters from the receivers.
Combining the output of two transmitters to allow them to share a single antenna.
Duplexing to allow transmitters and receivers to share the same antenna.
Power Coupling and Detection (9100 BTS only) to sample the VSWR forward and
reflected power.
Uplink
Pre-amplification to amplify the received signals and control the overall gain of the
antenna network.
Splitting to distribute the received signals to a pair of receivers.
1 1 39

3.4 Antenna Network (AN) [cont.]

ANX and ANY functions and interfaces
1 1 40

The ANC and AGC are a combination of ANX and ANY in one module.
The ANB is an ANC without the combiner.
The AGX is an AGC without the combiner.
The BCB is used to exchange information and data between the OMU and the AN. The BCB allows the
OMU to perform auto-identification and remote inventory functions.
The BSII is used to transfer O&M messages from the OMU to the AN. These IOM messages are used for
software download, transfer of configuration data, error and alarm collection, etc. The BSII also allows the
OMU to broadcast IOM_CONF information to the AN.
The CKLI receives timing from the TRANS/CLOCK for all functions in the AN. The clocks are supplied by
the TRANS/CLOCK Unit.
The Radio Frequency Interface (RFI) connects the TRE/MTREs to the AN/MAN modules. Each
TRE/MTRE has its own RFI which consists of three lines, one Tx and two Rx, or two lines for the 9110
Micro BTS/9110-E Micro BTS fitted with a MAN1 and no antenna diversity.
The XRF is the interface between the AN and the antenna and is functionally identical to the Air interface.


There are three main types of antenna network modules:
ANC
Duplex, splitter and combiner (optional) for up to 4 TRE modules
Two antenna outputs for diversity
VSWR monitor
AGC: is a compact evolution of ANC which includes TMA DC power

supply and supervision
ANY
Splitter and combiner for up to 4 TRE modules
It is always used in conjunction with an ANC or AGC
1 1 41


Antenna network combiner ANC/AGC No-combining mode (low loss)
ANTENNA A
TXA - RXA - RXdivB
BSII
Duplexer
Filter
Filter
LNA
VSWR
detector
Processor
& memory
BCB -48V
Duplexer
TX
Splitter
RXn
Filter
BCB
interface
DC/DC
converter
Splitter
WBC
ANTENNA B
TXB - RXB - RXdivA
LNA
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter

WBC
Splitter
RXd
Rxd
TRE 1
1 1 42
Filter
RXn
TRE 2

Tx

Antenna network combiner ANC/AGC Combining mode
ANTENNA A
TXA - RXA - RXdivB
BSII
Duplexer
Filter
VSWR
detector
Filter
Processor
& memory
LNA
BCB -48V
Duplexer
Filter
BCB
interface
DC/DC
converter
Splitter
WBC
TX
RXn
1 1 43
RXd
Filter
LNA
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
TRE 1
ANTENNA B
TXB - RXB - RXdivA
TX
RXn
TRE 2
RXd
Splitter
Rxd
WBC
Splitter
RXn
Tx
TRE 2
Rxd
RXn
TRE 2

Tx

The twin wide band combiner module (ANY) combines up to four
transmitters into two outputs and distributes the two received signals to up
to four receivers.
TXA
IN1
TXAOUT
RX0AIN
RX1AIN
TXBOUT
RX0BIN
RX1BIN
WBC
Splitter
Splitter
WBC
Splitter
Splitter
RX0A
OUT1
TX RXn
RX1A
OUT1
RXd
TRE 1
1 1 44
TXA
IN2
RX0A
OUT2
TX RXn
TRE 2
RX1A
OUT2
RXd
TXB
IN1
RX0B
OUT1
TX RXn
RX1B
OUT1
RXd
TXB
IN2
RX0B
OUT2
TX RXn
TRE 3

TRE 4
RX1B
OUT2
RXd

ANC/AGC/ANY usage
1 1 45

3.5 Cabinets
Two types of multi-standard base station indoor cabinets (also called racks)
are available:
The MBI3 cabinet, with three subracks
RF Interface
Interconnection Area
STASR
MBI 3
(3 subracks)
8 TRE capacity
1 1 46
MBI3 has 12 antenna connectors, which allows up to 6 sectors.

3.5 Cabinets [cont.]

The MBI5 cabinet, with a
capacity of five subracks
RF Interface
Interconnection Area
STASR
MBI 5
(5 subracks)
12 TRE capacity
1 1 47
The MBI5 has 18 antenna connectors, which allows up to 9 sectors.

The MBI5 cabinet can also host 2 GSM BTSs inside one cabinet as a shared solution called MBI5S.


Three families of outdoor cabinets are available:
The Multi-Standard Base Station Outdoor cabinets (MBO cabinets) that
include the MBO1 Evolution and MBO2 Evolution cabinets.
MBO2
MBO1
MBOE
Service light
Door alarm override key switch
Smoke detector
AC switch unit
Door alarm switch

Batteries
Flood detector
1 1 48
MBO1 Evolution (respectively MBO2 Evolution) has 8 (respectively 16) antenna connectors. A kit allows
MBO2 Evolution cabinets to reach 18 antenna connectors.
The MBO2 Evolution cabinet is obtained by adding to the MBO1 Evolution cabinet an MBO Evolution
extension cabinet (MBO-E Evolution) with three standard subracks and a 3U space area dedicated to 19"
equipment: PDUs or NTL (for PCM signal amplification) or IDUs (for microwave).


The Compact base station outdoor cabinet (CBO) allows up to 3 RF
modules (TWIN or MC) with up to 3 sectors.
CBO cabinet
1 1 49
CBO has 6 antenna connectors, which allows up to 3 sectors.


The compact base station outdoor evolution (CBO-E) is an ultra
compact light-weight cabinet, which allows up to 2 transceiver modules:
2 single TRX modules
2 TWIN TRX modules for 4 GSM carriers
2 MC-TRX modules for up to 12 GSM carriers
CBO-E/CBI-E Cabinet Evolution

1 1 50

In addition to the outdoor version, an indoor version called Compact Base Station Indoor Evolution (CBI-E)
is available with the same characteristics as the CBO-E, except that the filter is adapted to indoor
conditions.
The main applications of the CBO-E/CBI-E cabinets are defined for Rural and Street coverage with zero
footprint.
The CBO-E supports up to 2 sectors.
The CBO-E cabinet can be:
ground mounted
wall mounted
pole mounted
mast mounted
The CBI-E cabinet can be deployed:
on floor
on wall

3.6 Subracks
There are five types of subrack:
STASR: the STASR is the basic subrack used for all indoor and outdoor
applications. It can contain a mixture of telecommunication and power supply
plug-in modules. When the subrack contains TREs, additional components
(FANU and FACB) are attached to the subrack.
CBIE/CBOE subrack: the subrack used for all 9100 Compact BTS
Indoor/Outdoor Evolution applications contains the telecommunication plug-in
modules. When the subrack contains TREs, additional components such as the
system fan and FACB are attached to the subrack.
SRACDC: the SRACDC is an AC power supply subrack used for 9100 BTS
outdoor configurations.
ACSR: the ACSR is an AC power supply subrack used for 9100 BTS outdoor
configurations.
ASIB: the ASIB is only used for indoor applications.
1 1 51
The SRACDC, ACSR and ASIB house the AC/DC power modules.
The STASR houses the telecommunication and AC/DC power modules.

3.6 Subracks [cont.]

STASR subrack
1 1 52

3.6 Subracks [cont.]

XIOB
Subracks interconnections
X100
ALARM INPUTS
XBCB SIGNALS
VCC BCB
VCC CA
POWER
SUPPLY
FUSE
X101
ALARM INPUTS
ALARM OUTPUTS
EBCB SIGNALS
24 V
X310
X300
X110 X106 X107
X301
X
B
C
B
X
G
P
S
X
R
T
ABIS4
ABIS3
X203
X202
BTSCA
ABIS2
ABIS1
X201
X200
XBCB
X102
X302
X311
X303
X I
C N
L /
K O
2 U
T
EBCB
X
C
L I
K N
1
LIGHTNING PROTECTIONS
X220
X
C O
L U
K T
1
X105 X103 X104
Flat cable
ABIS3&4
ABIS1&2
X101
X100
R
E
L
A
Y
S
PCM cable
XCLKs/XRT/XGPS/EBCB
ABIS1&2
SUM
3 connectors for
FAN UNITS
A
B
I
S
1/2
TFBP
X111
TOP
FACB
Flat cable for BCB, BSII,

CLKs, ADDRESS
X101
OTHER
BACK PANELS
B
T
S
C
O
N
N
E
C
T
I
O
N
X112
X110
X109
BTSRI
FACB
A
R
E
A
FACB
B
T
S
T
E
R
M
I
N
A
L
T
E
S
T
O
M
L
X111
X110
TEST PURPOSE
3 connectors for
FAN UNITS
ABIS 2
O
M
U
TRANS FAULT
P
S
1

FACB
ABIS 1
O
&
M
1 1 53
X100
PS2
BACK PANEL
(SUBRACK N2)

3.7 Temperature control

FACB
The 9100 BTS is equipped with a

forced-air cooling system which is
composed of 2 types of RITs:
FAN UNIT
A FANU consists of a moulded-plastic

frame containing 2 fans. The FANUs are
usually installed in groups of 3. They are
normally situated below the subracks
containing TREs.
A FACB board monitors the fans and
provides power supply and digital speed
control of the fans independently of
each other. Each FACB controls 3
FANUs.

FAN UNIT
BTSCA
FACBs
BTSCA
MINI BTS
1 1 54
FAN UNIT
The FACB board is considered to be plugged in slot 0.

FANs
MEDI BTS
3.8 MBI5 interconnection panels with Ethernet adapter board
1 1 55

3.9 MB0 interconnection panels

The Outdoor control board (OUTC)
regroups several functions:
Connection area
XIOB
BTS Remote Inventory
(stores BTS basic information)
1 1 56

3.10 MBI3/MBI5 top view
1 1 57

1 1 58

4.1 Cell split

Description:
If the needed site configurations (indoor or outdoor, single band or
multiband) cannot be achieved with a single cabinet, it can be done using
two collocated cabinets.
Benefits:
Cells can be defined with up to 16 TRXs, split in two sectors: one main and one
secondary
Reduced number of cabinets for some configurations (e.g., 3 x 16 TRXs)
Merge two existing cells in different bands in one dual-band cell
There is no need to modify the configuration of the existing BTS when
extending a site (no need to change the cabling)
The two cabinets are clock synchronized in a master / slave configuration.
The BCCH is carried by one of the TRXs from the main sector.
1 1 59

4.1 Cell split [cont.]

Example: 3x16 TRX configuration with 2 BTSs
SECTOR1 (main)
4xTWIN TRMs in capacity mode
2ANY
1AGC
Cell1
16TRXs
SECTOR1 (secondary)
2ANY
1AGC
SECTOR2 (main)
2ANY
1AGC
Cell2
16TRXs
SECTOR2 (secondary)
2ANY
1AGC
BCCH
BCCH
SECTOR3 (main)
2ANY
1AGC
BCCH
Master BTS
1 1 60
Cell3
16TRXs
SECTOR3 (secondary)
2ANY
1AGC
clock
Slave BTS

4.2 Extended cell

Definition:
Provides the continuous coverage, minimizing the
number of sites.
Allows reaching a coverage range of up to 70 km in low
traffic density areas such as rural areas, highways, off
shore and desert areas.
Outer cell
Principle:
An extended cell is composed of one BTS including two
sectors:
the first sector handles inner-cell traffic up to 35 km.
the second sector handles outer-cell traffic, from 33 km to
a maximum of 70 km.
each sector can include from 1 up to 4 TRXs.
The outer cell sector has to be properly configured in

order to ensure enough coverage (TMA and/or TWIN
TRM).
The receiver of the outer cell is delayed.
The inner cell is barred (no access).
The receiver of the inner cell BCCH is tuned to the outer
cell BCCH frequency.
1 1 61
Extended cell
Inner cell
35 km 35 km to
70 km
Sector1
Sector2
Handover relationship
To compensate the propagation delay of bursts from mobile phones located in the outer cell, the receiver of
the outer cell BTS is delayed. The inner cell is barred and the receiver of the inner cell BCCH TRE is tuned
to the outer cell BCCH frequency. Wherever the mobile phone is located (inner, outer or overlap zone), it
always camps on the outer cell (for initial access). If the mobile phone is located within the inner cell, the
channel for the inner cell will be allocated by the outer cell. Because the inner cell is barred, the inner cell
must be completely covered by the outer cell area.
Active call mobile phones moving from the inner cell to the outer cell, or vice versa, will be handed over to
the complementary cell respectively.
To achieve a cell range up to 70 km for the outer cell, a high effective height of the antenna is needed
(effective height = height of the site (e.g., cliff or hill) + antenna height).

4.2 Extended cell [cont.]

Example of extended cell configuration using TMA
TMA
AGC
Inner cell 4TRXs

1 1 62
AGC
Outer cell 4TRXs
A significant part of the benefits brought by the outstanding sensitivity of the 9100 Base Station can be lost
if the losses incurred by signals along the feeder cable between the receiving antenna and the antenna
coupling module (ANC) are too high. As a matter of fact, the noise factor of the system is degraded by an
amount depending on the feeder loss.
The counterpart of getting a better sensitivity by means of a Tower Mounted Amplifier is the risk to
degrade the blocking and inter-modulation characteristics of the base station if the value of the
amplification gain greatly exceeds the value of the feeder losses. The attention of operators is drawn to the
fact that, in such a case, the site equipment might not fully comply with ETSI requirements set in the GSM
recommendation 05.05.

4.2 Extended cell [cont.]

Example of extended cell configuration using TWIN TRM in low loss
configuration with Tx Div and 4 Rx Div
AGC
AGC
2
3
Inner cell 4TRXs

1 1 63
2
Outer cell 2 TRXs, Low loss, Tx Div, 4 Rx Div
The very high radio performance of the TWIN TRM module used in coverage mode makes it suitable for
use in extended cell configurations.

5 Configurations
1 1 64

5 Configurations
5.1 Overview
The back panel of all sub-racks is identical.
A common interface for all modules has been defined.
No dedicated locations on back panels for each module are pre-assigned.
The module location within the BTS is driven by:
engineering rules,
easy front cabling,
optimization of thermal dissipation,
easy assembly, dismounting and extensions on site.
1 1 65
In order to do some tasks such as compensate different path loss in unbalanced configurations, the OMU
refers to one generic engineering rule for the calculation of the ANY/TRE mapping.
The OMU uses this rule because there is no HW provision for retrieving this mapping by the BTS itself (as it
is the case for the ANX(ANC)/TRE mapping which is retrieved autonomously by the BTS). Here are some of
these generic rules:
There are at least one AN and maximum two ANs per sector in a BTS.
The ANY modules must always be in the same sub-rack as the AN to which they are connected and
they must have a lower address than the one for the AN.
If in a sub-rack there is only one AN, all the ANY modules in this sub-rack are connected to this AN.
If in a sub-rack there are two AN modules (AN1 and AN2 with address of AN2 greater than the address
of AN1), all the ANY modules in this sub-rack with an address greater than the address of AN2 are
connected to AN2, and other ANY modules are connected to AN1.
When only one ANY is connected to an ANC, the first 3 TREs must be connected to the ANY (for more
TREs, using the Rx cabling detection on uplink, it is possible to know on which antenna the TREs are
connected).
With the AN/ANY mapping, the OMU determines the number of ANY stages between each TRE and the AN
to which it is connected via the RF cabling:
Up to 2 TREs or one ANY can be connected to an ANX.
Up to 4 TREs or 2 ANY modules can be connected to an ANC.
Up to 4 TREs or up to 2 ANY modules can be connected to an ANY.
Consequently, the attenuation to be given to the TREs is based on the following rules:
Calculate the Tx power of each TRE at antenna output (or AN input) taking into account TRX power
(measured and entered in the RI memory in the factory) and the different losses (cables, ANY and
AN).
Search for the TRE that has the lowest output power at this reference point.
Attenuate all other TREs with the power difference to this TRE. Having determined the number of
combiner stages between each TRE and the antenna, the OMU is able to calculate the loss.
Then the OMU sends configuration data to all TREs in order to reach the same Tx power from each one, at
antenna connector. The OMU performs this in the following conditions: BTS / SUM power up, BTS reset,
OMU/SUM reset / auto reset, and module initialisation (only for the corresponding module).

5 Configurations
5.2 MBI3
MBI3 with single TRX and Twin-TRX
1 1 66

5 Configurations
5.2 MBI3 [cont.]

MBI3 with MC-TRX
MBI3 DC with AGX
S
U
M
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
FANU
FANU
AN AN AN
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
FANU
MBI3 DC with AND

1/1/1 + 1/1/1
S
U
M
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
FANU
1 1 67
S
U
M
FANU
FANU
FANU
FANU
FANU
AN
AN AN AN AN AN AN
1
2
FANU
AN
AN
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
MBI3 DC 3/3/3 (2 TwinTRX + 1 MC-TRX per

sector)
FANU

FANU
FANU
FANU
5 Configurations
5.3 MBI5
MBI5 with single TRX and Twin-TRX
1 1 68

5 Configurations
5.3 MBI5 [cont.]

MBI5 with MC-TRX
MBI5, DC, with ANCE

2/2/2 + 1/1/1
1 1 69

5 Configurations
5.3 MBI5 [cont.]

MBI5 Shared BTS with Twin-TRX
1 1 70

5 Configurations
5.4 CBO
CBO with single TRX,
Twin-TRX and MC-TRX
1 1 71

5 Configurations
5.5 CBIE/CBOE
CBI-E/CBO-E with single TRX, Twin-TRX and MC-TRX
CBI-E/CBO-E with single TRX,

1 sector, 1 or 2 TRXs
CBI-E/CBO-E with Twin-TRX

2 sectors, 1 or 2 TRXs
1 1 72
CBI-E/CBO-E with MC-TRX,

1 sector, 1 or 2 TRXs

CBI-E/CBO-E with MC-TRX,

2 sectors, 1 TRX
5 Configurations
5.6 MBO1
MBO1 with single TRX, Twin-TRX and MC-TRX
1 1 73

5 Configurations
5.7 MBO2
MBO2 with single TRX and Twin-TRX
1 1 74

5 Configurations
5.7 MBO2 [cont.]

MBO2 Shared BTS with Twin-TRX
1 1 75

End of module
BTS Description
1 1 76

Section 1
9100 BTS B12 Description &
Maintenance
@@SECT
LE
Module 2
BTS Maintenance
9100 BTS

Blank page
122
9100 BTS B12 Description & Maintenance BTS Maintenance

Document History
Edition
Date
Author
Remarks
01
YYYY-MM-DD
First edition

Module objectives
Use the BSS Customer Documentation
Identify the BTS hardware
Connect to the BTS using the BTS NEM
Identify the BTS SBLs and their possible states
Handle the SBLs from the BTS NEM
Perform the corrective maintenance actions
Perform the preventive maintenance actions
123

124

Table of contents
1 BSS customer documentation
1.1 Documentation overview
1.2 GCD documentation
1.3 Document access and navigation
1.4 Exercise
2 Hardware identification
2.1 Exercise 1: identification of the configuration
2.2 Exercise 2: identification of the LEDs
2.2.1 SUMA
2.2.2 TRA
2.2.3 ANC
2.3 Exercise 3: identification of the BTS operation
3 BTS connection
3.1 BTS NEM functions
3.2 Physical connection to the BTS
3.3 Login window
3.4 BTS NEM connection status
3.5 Exercise
4 BTS NEM
4.1 BTS NEM window structure
4.2 Root panel
4.3 Tree navigation
1 2 5 4.4 SBL definition
9100 BTS B12
Description
4.5
SBL& Maintenance
states BTS Maintenance
4.6 SBL hierarchy
4.7 Operator commands
4.8 Alarms
4.9 External alarms
4.10 Synchronization
4.11 Exercise 1: BTS configuration
4.12 Exercise 2: SBLs state
5 Corrective maintenance
5.1 Maintenance principles
5.2 Exercise 1: Replace a TRA
5.3 Exercise 2: Replace a TWIN TRM
5.4 Exercise 3: Replace an ANC
5.5 Exercise 4: Replace a SUMA
6 Annex
6.1 Clock adjustment

Page
7
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
34
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51

126

127

1.1 Documentation overview
The GCD documentation is released in 2

formats:
Unix format for OMC-R installation
Windows format for LMT installation
GCD contents:
BTS, BSC, MFS, TC, OMC Description /
Maintenance Handbook
NEM/LMT User guide
Alarm/PM/Counter/Indicator/Parameters
Dictionary
128
The FPD documentation is for internal

use (Alcatel-Lucent Staff)
Only PC for Windows installation

FPD Contents
Software replacement document
Installation and commissioning
procedure

1.2 GCD documentation
The GCD documentation is software release dependent
129

1.3 Document access and navigation

The Description guide
provide sthe BTS functional
and hardware description
The alarm dictionary

provides more detailed
information and corrective
maintenance synopsis
The Terminal user guide

describes the tool menu and
provides information on how
to install and connect the
terminal
The Maintenance handbook
guide describes step by step
how to replace a faulty
board
1 2 10

1.3 Document access and navigation [cont.]
1 2 11

1.4 Exercise
From the GCD documentation, identify the related document used to:
Know how to install and connect the BTS NEM.
Have more details on the hardware architecture of the BTS.
Know the board led meaning.
Replace a faulty board.
Reconfigure sectors.
Time allowed: 20 minutes
1 2 12

1 2 13

2.1 Exercise 1: identification of the configuration

With the help of the 9100 Base Station Hardware Description
documentation, identify the rack configuration:
Identify all the boards of the rack
How many sectors are there?
Locate each sector and check the cabling between the AN and the TRE
How many TREs are there in each sector?
What kind of TREs are there (G3, G4, G5, G6)?
Are we in low loss configuration?
1 2 14


With the help of the 9100 Base Station Hardware Description
documentation, identify the led status (leds highlighted in yellow on the
next diagrams) of the BTS boards.
1 2 15

2.2.1 SUMA
ABIS1:
ABIS2:
O&M:
OML:
ON:
FAULT:
1 2 16

2.2.2 TRA
RSL:
TX:
OP:
BCCH:
PWR:
FAULT:
1 2 17

2.2.3 ANC
VSWRB:
ALARM:
O&M:
VSWRA:
1 2 18

2.3 Exercise 3: identification of the BTS operation

According to the LED status, answer to the following questions:
Are the Abis connected?
Is the OML link OK?
Is the O&M link OK?
Are the sectors transmitting?
If yes, which TRE is carrying the BCCH?
Are all the TREs configured?
Is there any problem on a module?
Is there is any bad VSWR?
1 2 19

3 BTS connection
1 2 20

3 BTS connection
3.1 BTS NEM functions

The BTS Network Element Manager software runs under the Windows
platform and provides local access to the BTS. It is also possible to have a
remote access to the BTS with the SUMX board and IP connection.
It performs local management functions such as:
Alarm monitoring
Event monitoring
States
System behavior observation
Initiate action
View reports related to actions
1 2 21

3 BTS connection
3.2 Physical connection to the BTS

If the BTS is equipped with the SUMA module, we must use an RS232
cable connected to the BTS terminal connector of the board.
RS232 cable
1 2 22

3 BTS connection
3.2 Physical connection to the BTS [cont.]

If the BTS is equipped with the SUMX module, we can use an Ethernet
cable connected to the MMI-ETH connector of the board.
RJ45 cable
1 2 23

3 BTS connection
3.3 Login window

Click on the Start menu of the computer and follow the path:
Start - Programs BTS - BTSNEM-BTSxxxx
The BTSNEM Startup window is displayed, as shown in the following figure.
Select RS232 for serial
connection
Select the appropriate

COM port
1 2 24
Start the BTS NEM

Connect the PC to the SUMA board (from COM1 or COM2 to BTS Terminal connector) with the
BTS_TE cable,
Launch the software,
Click on Interface Settings, select RS232 and click OK in the pop6up window,
Enter your user name in the User Name field of the User Login window.
Enter your password in the Password field.
Click on Connect.
If an incorrect password is entered, a system error message is displayed. When you acknowledge the error
message by clicking on OK, you can re-enter the logon information in the BTS NEM Startup window.

3 BTS connection
3.3 Login window [cont.]

Click on the Start menu of the computer and follow the path:
Start - Programs BTS - BTSNEM-BTSxxxx
The BTSNEM Startup window is displayed, as shown in the following figure.
Select Ethernet for an
RJ45 connection
Enter the IP address

of the SUMX
1 2 25
Start the BTS NEM

Connect the PC to the SUMA board (from COM1 or COM2 to BTS Terminal connector) with the
BTS_TE cable,
Launch the software,
Click on Interface Settings, select RS232 and click OK in the pop-up window.
Enter your user name in the User Name field of the User Login window.
Enter your password in the Password field.
Click on Connect.
If an incorrect password is entered, a system error message is displayed. When you acknowledge the error
message by clicking on OK, you can re-enter the logon information in the BTS NEM Startup window.
By default:
Login: commte
Password: bts2site

3 BTS connection
3.4 BTS NEM connection status

Once you logged in, the connection with the BTS is automatically
established and it can be monitored in the lower part of the screen.
Connection status
Connection characteristics
The exchange of messages

between the BTS NEM and the
BTS can be monitored here
1 2 26
If the connection with the BTS fails, try what follows:

Check the serial port settings and correct them if applicable.
Reconnect using a different cable.
Check the status of the SUM module.
Check the PC IP address in case of SUMX.
If the RS232 cable is very long or of poor quality, you may want to reduce the communication speed to
prevent connection problems.
If the PC doesnt get an IP address from the SUMX DHCP
Go to Start - Run and type cmd.
In the cmd window, type ipconfig/renew.

3 BTS connection
3.5 Exercise
Using the BTS NEM User Guide documentation:
Install the BTS NEM application.
Prepare your PC for BTS connection.
Establish a connection with the BTS and check the connection status.
1 2 27
Login: commte
Password: bts2site

4 BTS NEM
1 2 28

4 BTS NEM
4.1 BTS NEM window structure
Selection
bar
Top pane
Tree navigation
Bottom pane
1 2 29
The "BTS NEM" window consists of five major panes:

Top pane that contains the drop-down menus used to access:
File menus
Configuration menus
Help topics.
Selection bar that contains the menus used to select the navigation panes:
The BTS general view (this window has no navigation pane).
The tree view.
Tree navigation pane that allows to display:
The alarms
All the modules of the BTS, per type
The sector mapping
The remote inventory
The hardware and logical configuration.
Details pane that:
Displays the BTS NEM data windows
Gives access to the modification and setup windows.
Bottom pane that contains the status bar containing general information about:
Current BTS NEM actions
BTS states.

Details pane
4 BTS NEM
4.2 Root panel

Select Root Panel from the Selection Bar (this is the default view when
the BTS NEM is connected).
ROOT panel
1 2 30
The ROOT panel shows the BTS general information concerning the BTS.

4 BTS NEM
4.3 Tree navigation

Select the Tree Navigation view from the Top Pane to open this BTS
view.
TREE navigation
1 2 31
The Tree navigation allows you to display:

The alarms
All the modules of the BTS, per type:
Module location
Module state
Module alarms
The sector mapping
The remote inventory
The hardware and logical configuration.

4 BTS NEM
4.4 SBL definition

A Security Block (SBL) represents an entity of the BSS which is manageable
by O&M. It can be:
a piece of equipment (e.g., RA)
a resource (e.g., BTS_TEL)
a support resource (e.g., RSL).
A Replaceable Item (RIT) is the smallest physical module that can be

replaced in case of fault (a board for example).
One SBL can be carried by several RITs (for example, SBL RA).
One RIT can carry several SBLs (for example, SUMA board).
1 2 32

4 BTS NEM
4.4 SBL definition [cont.]

For maintenance purposes, it is very important to determine the
relationship between SBLs and RITs.
The tree navigation offers this information.
RITs
1 2 33

SBLs
4 BTS NEM
4.5 SBL states
IT (In Traffic)
FIT (Faulty in
Traffic)
FLT (Faulty)
FOS (Faulty out

of Service)
The object is ready to perform all its functions

The provided service is acceptable
The object is ready to perform its functions in a degraded mode
A non-fatal error has been detected
The provided service is acceptable
A fatal error has been detected
The service is unavailable
The provided object has the capability to recover autonomously
A fatal error has been detected
The service is unavailable
The provided object does not have the capability to recover
autonomously
1 2 34

4 BTS NEM
4.5 SBL states [cont.]
MSD
(Maintenance
Seized
This state indicates that a test operator action is running on the

corresponding SBL
MSD AUTO
(Autonomous
maintenance
seized)
This state indicates that an action autonomously trigged by the

system is running on the corresponding SBL
WTC (Wait for

Traffic Clear)
This state is linked to the WTC timer parameter

The corresponding SBL cannot be selected for new transactions
The traffic still goes on until the WTC timer expires
NEQ (Non
Equipped)
This state indicates that the SBL does not exist, but it could
1 2 35

4 BTS NEM
4.5 SBL states [cont.]

SOS (System Out of
Inhibition due to Service)

system
administration
EF (External Failure)
Inhibition due to
human operation OPR (Operator)
The object cannot perform its functions because a

parent object is out of service
The object cannot perform its functions because
another cooperating item is out of service
The object is put out of service by an O&M operator
command (or at SBL creation). The object is subject
to an operator intervention
SBL state
1 2 36

4 BTS NEM
4.6 SBL hierarchy
BTS
CCFs
EACB
CLLK
RA1
TRE1
OMU
RA2
TRE2
TRE5
RA3
TRE9
1 2 37
TRE10

TRE6
4 BTS NEM
4.7 Operator commands
Init
It allows the setup of a functionality. This

command applies to an SBL which was disabled
before
Disable
It allows you to stop the functionality of an SBL
Restart
It allows you to restart a functionality
Reset
It allows you to stop and set up a functionality

in sequence (Reset = Disable+Init)
Operator
commands
1 2 38

4 BTS NEM
4.8 Alarms
In the Hardware Modules and BSC SBLs view, any SBL/RIT impacted
by an alarm will be colored accordingly to the severity of that alarm.
From there, we can easily access to all the alarm information.
1 2 39

4 BTS NEM
4.9 External alarms

The BTS has 16 external alarm inputs that accept various external sensors
(water, temperature, rectifier, door, etc.).
5 inputs are pre-cabled to internal sensors in the outdoor version.
You can display the alarm configuration from the tree view (Remote
Inventory - External Alarms).
The alarm configuration can also be modified.
To DDF
1 2 40

4 BTS NEM
4.10 Synchronization
From Master
From the synchronization standpoint, a

BTS can work as:
Master
It provides a clock signal through the XCLK
1 out to a slave BTS.
Its own clock reference can be:
The BSC (PCM synchronized)
An external clock source (GPS)
An internal oscillator (Free Running)
Slave
It receives a clock signal through the
XCLK 1 in connector from a master
BTS and uses it as a reference.
1 2 41
For best performance, a master BTS should be GPS/PCM synchronized.

To Slave
4 BTS NEM
4.11 Exercise 1: BTS configuration

Using the BTS NEM application, answer to the following questions:
How many sectors are declared?
What is the TRX logical configuration (BCCH/SDCCH/TCH)?
What are the frequencies used (ARFCN)?
What is the frequency of the BCCH?
What is the OML timeslot?
Which multiplexing rule is used?
What is the clock synchronization mode?
1 2 42

4 BTS NEM
4.12 Exercise 2: SBLs state

Using the BTS NEM application, answer to the following questions:
Switch off the power of a TRE.
What is its state?
Switch it back on.

What is its state? (explain)
What should you do to put it back in traffic?
Disable an RA.
What is the state of the associated TREs? (explain)
What should you do to put them back in traffic?
1 2 43

1 2 44

5.1 Maintenance principles

Whenever possible, use the WTC option to minimize the traffic impact of
your actions.
Before starting any maintenance operation, keep in mind the following
points:
Be patient:
check the ongoing actions with the led status and the BTS NEM application.
do not overload the BTS with many commands.
Make sure that the maintenance documentation corresponds to the running

software release.
If you are not familiar with the maintenance operation, before starting, carefully
read the entire related maintenance section.
Make sure you take all the ESD precautions
before handling any hardware module.
In order to avoid backpanel damage, do not use
excessive force when inserting a module.
1 2 45

5.2 Exercise 1: Replace a TRA

With the help of the 9100 BTS/9110
Micro BTS/9110-E Micro BTS Corrective

Maintenance Handbook documentation:
Identify the main steps for replacing a TRA
module.
Apply the procedure and replace the module.
1 2 46

5.3 Exercise 2: Replace a TWIN TRM

Micro BTS/9110-E Micro BTS Corrective

Maintenance Handbook documentation:
Identify the main steps for replacing a TWIN
TRM module.
Apply the procedure and replace the module.
1 2 47

5.4 Exercise 3: Replace an ANC

Micro BTS/9110-E Micro BTS

Corrective Maintenance Handbook
documentation:
Identify the main steps for replacing an
ANC module.
Apply the procedure and replace the
module.
1 2 48

5.5 Exercise 4: Replace a SUMA

Micro BTS/9110-E Micro BTS

Corrective Maintenance Handbook
documentation:
Identify the main steps for replacing a
SUMA module.
Apply the procedure and replace the
module.
1 2 49

6 Annex
1 2 50

6 Annex
6.1 Clock adjustment

Clock adjustment should be made for Free running BTSs only.
For a BTS configured in free running mode, an OCXO frequency adjustment

must be performed periodically to compensate the resonator age.
Using an appropriate cable (ref. 3BK 08066 AB), connect a frequency
counter to the XCLCK 1 OUT port of the BTS.
If the displayed frequency is not in the [2.166 66655 MHz - 2.166 66677
MHz] range, perform a fine adjustment to correct it.
1 2 51

6 Annex
6.1 Clock adjustment [cont.]

Use the menu Configuration - Transmission Settings - SUM Board
OCXO Adjustment to access the clock tuning options.
Select Use New
Best Value
Adjust the clock control word

until you get the desired reading
on the frequency meter
1 2 52
Check this option to

save the new value

End of module
BTS Maintenance
1 2 53

Section 2
MC-TRX Description and
Maintenance
@@SECT
LE
Module 1
MC-TRX Description and Maintenance
9100 BTS

Blank page
212
MC-TRX Description and Maintenance MC-TRX Description and Maintenance
Document History
Edition
Date
Author
Remarks
01
YYYY-MM-DD
First edition

Module objectives
Describe the MC-TRX Hardware
Implement the MC-TRX in an existing BTS
Extend the capacity of one BTS by modifying the MC-TRX configuration
213

214

Table of contents
1 MC-TRX description
1.1 Characteristics of the MC-TRX
1.2 Characteristics of the MCPA
1.3 Software Designed Radio (SDR)
1.4 MC-TRX utilization mode
1.5 Performance
1.6 Dynamic power allocation
1.7 TRX dynamic power saving
1.8 Benefits of the MCPA introduction
1.9 Cell frequency span
1.10 Updating of the WRONG CONFIGURATION alarm
1.11 Activation of the MC-TRX at the OMC-R
1.12 AGX
1.13 Engineering rules for MC-TRX
1.14 Examples of cabinet filling with MC-TRX
1.15 MC-TRX module from the BTS terminal
1.16 Hardware Function relationship
1.17 Capabilities of the MC-TRX
2 Summary & exercises
3 Replace a single TRM by an MC-TRE
3.1 1 sector of 2 TRXs
3.2 1 sector of 2 TRXs with an MC-TRE
modifying the MC-TRE configuration
2 1 5 4 Extend the BTS capacity by COPYRIGHT
ALCATEL-LUCENT 2012. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
MC-TRX Description
and sector
Maintenance of
MC-TRX
Description and
Maintenance
4.1
1
4
TRXs
with
an
MC-TRE

Page
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
34
35
36
39
40

216

217

1.1 Characteristics of the MC-TRX

This new generation of Multi-Carrier Transceiver
will be able to handle several carriers from different
technologies and then will offer the possibility to
evolve smoothly from GSM to WCDMA and LTE for a
dedicated frequency band.
Reduced power
consumption
Dynamic power
MCPA
allocation
technology
EDGE
Cell frequency Span:
capable
20 MHz
SDR
technology
Up to 6 GSM
carriers
Same form factor

as TWIN TRM
218
Benefits of the MC-TRX

Based on the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA) technology
Based on the Software Designed Radio (SDR)
Same form factor as the previous TRE module
Up to 6 GSM carriers via the single Tx path (1 power amplifier)
Possibility to implement dynamic power allocation: output power dynamically distributed over the
carriers
Cell frequency span: 20 MHz.
Reduced power consumption compared to Evolium TRMs.
Example of power consumption in the 900 MHz band:
single TRM: 170 W
TWIN TRM: 216 W
MC-TRX: 350 W
Will be able to support two different radio technologies at the same time (e.g., GSM + WCDMA or GSM
+ LTE with external baseband processing).


The MC-TRX is based on one single Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA). The
different carriers are built at the digital stage, and then amplified through a single
MCPA.
SCPA TRM
MCPA TRM
f1+f2
01011
f1+f2
11011
f1
01011
11011
f1+f2
f2
SCPA TRM
Antenna coupling
Digital + Modulation function
Amplifier function
2 types of MC-TRX modules exist according to the frequency band:

TMXA09 for GSM 900
TMXA18 for GSM 1800
219
MC-TRX 900 MHz Multi-Carrier TRX TMXA09 3 BK28 502 AAxx

MC-TRX 1800 MHz Multi-Carrier TRX TMXA18 3 BK28 682 AAxx
TMXA Freq = Transceiver Multi-carrier X (Multiple Standards) version A Freq.
One single Tx and 2 Rx paths

1.3 Software Designed Radio (SDR)

SDR is a concept developed by the Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent R&D.
The same hardware module can support different technologies thanks to
software reconfiguration from the OMC, without any site visit.
2G
Today
Today
Today
Smooth
Evolution
3G
Next step
2G
+
3G
Next step
LTE
Multi-standard
2 1 10
2G
+
LTE
Multi-mode
Thanks to SDR, the module is able to simultaneously handle several carriers from different technologies and
offers the possibility to evolve smoothly from GSM to WCDMA and LTE for a dedicated frequency band.

1.4 MC-TRX utilization mode

The MC-TRX module can operate in
three different modes:
BSII connection
through backplane

AN
SUM
Multi-standard operation requires the

presence of a WCDMA baseband
processing unit in the BTS cabinet.
2 1 11
MC-TRX
MC-TRX
Single standard - GSM only BTS, up to

6 TRXs per module.
Multi-standard mono-mode can be
switched between 2G and 3G with no
on-site intervention.
Multi-standard multi-mode can
handle up to 4 TRXs and 2 WCDMA
carriers simultaneously.
WCDMA D2U
CPRI connection on
the front plate
Both the SUMX module and the WCDMA D2U unit are fitted in the BTS cabinet and access the MC-TRX
modules through the internal BSII interface and CPRI interface respectively.
In multi-standard mono-mode operation, one MC-TRX configured for 2G can share the same antenna
network with another MC-TRX configured in 3G, thereby providing multi-standard coverage within the same
frequency band.
In multi-mode operation, the same MC-TRX module can handle simultaneously 2G and 3G carriers within
the same frequency band.

1.5 Performance
MC-TRX outpu
t
power
The MC-TRX output power depends on the number of carriers configured

per module.
GSM Carriers
1
2
3
4
5
6
GSMK Output
Power
at module level
90
45
28
21
14
10
W
W
W
W
W
W
GSMK Output
power
at ToC
8-PSK Output
power
at module level
8-PSK Output
power
at ToC
67 W
33 W
21 W
16 W
10 W
7W
81 W
35 W
20 W
13 W
10 W
8W
60 W
26 W
15 W
10 W
7W
6W
MC-TRX GSM only performances with all carriers at full power
The MC-TRX provides flexibility for operators:

Capacity: power distributed over a high number of carriers.
Coverage: power focus on a low number of carriers, with higher power per
carrier.
2 1 12
An MC-TRX module provides a certain amount of physical output power. Its capability to distribute the total
output power to all carriers gives operators the highest flexibility to convert the radio transmitted power to
coverage or capacity, and this is done by SW adaptation only from the OMC.

1.5 Performance [cont.]

The output power can also be shared between two different radio
standards.
The power available per GSM carrier depends on the number of configured
TRXs and the amount of power reserved for WCDMA.
MC-TRX outpu
t
GSM Carriers
GSM Output
Power
at ToC
WCDMA Output
power
at ToC
1GSM +1WCDMA
1GSM +1WCDMA
2GSM +1WCDMA
2GSM +1WCDMA
3GSM +1WCDMA
4GSM +1WCDMA
1GSM +2WCDMA
16 W
32 W
16 W
16 W
10 W
8W
16 W
40
20
20
30
20
20
20
power
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
MC-TRX GSM/WCDMA multi-mode performances with all carriers at full power
2 1 13
An MC-TRX module provides a certain amount of physical output power. Its capability to distribute the total


Because it is unlikely that all carriers of the MC-TRX will transmit with
maximum power simultaneously, the Dynamic Power Allocation consists
in allocating the unused power according to the needs to other carriers
with higher traffic load.
The value of additional powers depends on the number of TREs in the MCmodule.
Number of
TREs
in the MCmodule
Values of the additional

power in case of low
overbooking/dynamic
power allocation

power in case of high
overbooking/dynamic
power allocation
+ 3.0 dB
+ 4.0 dB
+ 2.0 dB
+ 3.5 dB
+ 1.0 dB
+ 3.0 dB
+ 0.5 dB
+ 2.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
2 1 14
The dynamic power allocation is sent to the BTS by the OMC (through the BSC) at MC-module(s)
configuration time.

1.6 Dynamic power allocation [cont.]

If the BTS transmission is not possible on all the TRXs of the MCmodule at the required power levels for a given radio burst due to the
maximum emission power for the Power Amplifier being exceeded, then a
power reduction in the BTS shall be applied by decreasing priority:
The emission power of all the 8-PSK bursts shall be reduced by the same
reduction factor (in %), except for the 8-PSK bursts to be transmitted with the
BCCH frequency.
If the first step is not sufficient then the emission power of all the GMSK power
controlled channels shall be reduced by the same form factor (in %), except for
the GMSK bursts to be transmitted with the BCCH frequency.
If the two steps dont solve the situation, a last solution (as a defense
solution) consists in reducing the power of all the remaining bursts by a
same form factor (in %). This situation should never happen in a
properly configured network.
2 1 15
The reduction factor is calculated by the BTS and applied immediately according to an algorithm that takes
into account the number of TRXs configured on the MC-TRX.


Already implemented in B10, the TRX Dynamic Power Saving feature
consists in switching off the Power Amplifier bias of a TRX as soon as
several consecutive timeslots are unused in DL on this TRX. This feature
allows a significant reduction of power consumption of the BTS.
This feature is not directly applicable to MC-TRX modules, due to the fact
that for a given TS, significant power consumption gains can only be
reached if there is no DL transmission on all the TRXs of the MC-module.
2 1 16
The TRX dynamic power saving feature (with some periods of complete switch-off of the PA bias of the
module) is not directly applicable to the TRXs of the MC-modules, due to the specific architecture of the
MC-modules.
For a given TS, due to the fact that significant power consumption gains can only be reached if there is no
DL transmission on all the TRXs of the MC-module (on the same TS), the interest of the TRX dynamic
power saving feature within the MC-modules is limited.
As a consequence and to simplify, the TRX dynamic power saving feature is not directly applicable to
MC-modules from B11. This feature will only be supported on the Single and TWIN TRM modules.

1.8 Benefits of the MCPA introduction

A better power efficiency:
One Power Amplifier can handle up to 6 carriers in parallel (in a pure GSM
configuration).
Suppression of the wideband combiner stage (at least 3 dB loss = 50% of RF
power loss per combiner stage).
4x16 W = 64 W
at ToC
4x45 W = 18 0W
at module output
4x16 W = 64 W
at ToC
4x21 W = 84 W
at module output
GSM
2x16w
2x16w
GSM
GSM
MC-TRX
2 TWIN
4x16w
AN
AN
This also leads to a reduction of the power consumption.

2 1 17
Power Consumption Efficiency Comparison of MC-TRX vs. TWIN TRX

The conventional approach via a single carrier power amplifier needs 4x45 W = 180 W of RF output power
on the module side to provide 4 GSM carriers in one sector. Due to the loss in the necessary wideband
combiner, the output at Top of Cabinet (ToC) is 4x16 W = 64 W of RF power in this sector.
To reach the same result, an MC-TRX needs 4x21 W = 84 W of RF output power on the module side.
Because there is no combining needed, the desired RF output power of 4x16 W=64 W is also reached at
the Top of Cabinet.


An MC-TRX covers a limited frequency bandwidth of 20 MHz called
MCPA frequency span (which is an HW capability) among:
35 MHz in GSM 900 MHz
This bandwidth of 20 MHz is constant in an MC-TRX and can be shifted

within 35 or 75 MHz.
The whole set of TRXs of the same band and of the same cell will not
use a frequency window higher than the frequency span reported by the
BTS.
2 1 18
The check of frequency span at the OMC is only done if the OMC knows if there is an MC-Module in a sector
mapped on the cell (and so, only after OMC/BTS HW audit). That means the cell exists and is already
mapped to a sector. In this case, the TRX has the RSL information. The test is done at cell level even in
case of cell shared, and if there is at least one MC-Module in one sector.
From B11, we support only so-called normal cell frequency span, i.e. the whole set of TRXs (of the same
band and of the same cell) use a frequency window smaller than the frequency span reported by the BTS.
The check itself is therefore quite simple:
For the concerned band, look for the smallest frequency and for the highest frequency.
Compute the difference between them and get the correspondence in MHz.
Compare the result with the frequency span (also called PA RF BW) received in the OMC/BTS HW
audit.
The BTS has to check the bandwidth per MC-module when it receives the radio configuration: if the
bandwidth is larger than the MCPA frequency span (also called PA RF BW), the BTS sends an alarm to all
involved MC-modules.

1.10 Updating of the WRONG CONFIGURATION alarm

Two new alarm numbers are defined for the BTS alarm [3,14] wrong
configuration (TRE):
Specific problems: WRONG-CONFIGURATION
Event type: Processing Error
Probable cause: Configuration Or Customization Error
Perceived severity: Major (PMA)
Alarm description: The parameters are not consistent with the capacity of the
equipment.
Alarm number:
16: The bandwidth per MC-module is larger than the PA RF BW
17: Wrong OML/RSL multiplexing rule
2 1 19
The MCPA frequency span is also called PA RF BW.

1.11 Activation of the MC-TRX at the OMC-R

The following features linked to the MC-TRX are options and are controlled
at the OMC-R level:
MC-Module
The OMC counts the number of TREs mapped on MC-modules. If this number is
greater than n, PRCs are blocked.
Dynamic power allocation
Number of TREs configured on an MC-module with the overbooking activated.
2 1 20

1.12 AGX
AGX: new Antenna Network module
AGX is designed for MC-TRX or 2 TRXs
MP&HP:
Antenna A
Tx A Rx A RxDiv B
Antenna B
Tx B Rx B RxDiv A
Input for 2 TRX modules to 2 antennas

Duplexer
Reduced module width (1/6 subrack)

DC feeding for TMA equipment use without
PDU
Filter
Duplexer
Filter
Filter
LNA
LNA
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Splitter
Filter
Splitter
Module equipped with Snap N connectors

Mixable with the previous AN modules in
one BTS cabinet or in one Sector
Tx Rxn Rxd
TRX 1
Rxn Rxd
TRX 1Div
Rxd Rxn
TRX 2Div
Rxd Rxn Tx
TRX 2
AGX Size: 1/6 Subrack

2 1 21
The AGX has 4 pairs of Rx connectors, but only 2 pairs are actually used with any kind of TRE module. In
addition, the AGX has Snap-N connectors and DC feeding for TMA equipment use without PDU.

1.13 Engineering rules for MC-TRX

The MC-TRX module must be plugged in a 9100 BTS Evolium cabinet equipped
with a SUMA or SUMX board.
This MC-TRX module has a capacity of up to 6 TRXs in case of single standard
mode.
If there is at least one MC-TRX module in the BTS, the possible values for the
OML/RSL multiplexing scheme are:
No multiplexing, or
64-kbps statistic multiplexing
In one 9100 BTS Evolium cabinet:

up to 12 TRMs can be plugged whatever the type of TRM (single, TWIN or MC) but
with a maximum of 9 MC-modules.
the maximum number of TRXs is 24.
TX Diversity is not possible with an MC-TRX module (only 1 Tx path).

The TRX dynamic power saving is not applied on the TRX belonging to MCmodules.
2 1 22

1.14 Examples of cabinet filling with MC-TRX
MBI3 with 3 sectors

in single Band
S
U
M
MBI3 with 3 sectors

in multi band
S
U
M
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
FANU
AN AN AN
FANU
FANU
FANU
S
U
M
FANU
FANU
2 1 23
FANU
FANU
1
2
FANU
AN
AN
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
AN
AN AN AN AN AN AN
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
MC MC MC
TRX TRX TRX
FANU
FANU
MBI3 with 3 sectors

with TWIN and MC-TRX
FANU

FANU
FANU
FANU
1.15 MC-TRX module from the BTS terminal
2 1 24

1.16 Hardware Function relationship
2 1 25

1.17 Capabilities of the MC-TRX
The MC-TRE can manage up

to 6 TRXs GSM
The MC-TRE is able to

manage other standards
(such as UMTS and LTE)
2 1 26

Possible value: No, low and high
TRE mode Configuration
Possible values: (1 TRE, No TxDiv) up to (6 TREs, No TxDiv)

2 1 27

Module summary
The Multi-Carrier Transceiver module is able to handle several carriers from different
technologies in one housing.
Benefits of the MC-TRX module:
MCPA technology
SDR concept
Same form factor as the previous TRM
The MC-TRX is an option and is controlled at OMC-R level.

A new Antenna Network AGX is introduced for filling the cabinet with MC-TRX.
New engineering rules for the MC-TRX implementation:
The MC-TRX must be plugged in one Evolium BTS equipped with a SUMA or SUMX board.
The MC-TRX has a capacity of up to 6 TRXs in GSM configuration.
9 MC-TRX modules maximum in one cabinet.
The RSL multiplexing scheme is authorized in a BTS equipped with at least one MC-TRX: no
Multiplexing or 64-kbps statistic multiplexing.
TX Diversity is not possible (only 1 Tx).
Covering of a bandwidth of 20 MHz which can be shifted within 35 or 75 MHz (Cell Frequency Span).
2 1 28

Answer the question

What does the MC-TRX feature allow?
To carry up to 6 GSM carriers simultaneously in one board
To by-pass the combiner between the TRE and the antenna
To carry up to 6 GSM carriers simultaneously on 2 cabinets collocated
The TX diversity for 6 carriers simultaneously in one board
2 1 29

Answer the question [cont.]

To implement MC-TRX in one BTS Evolium cabinet, which one of the
following precautions has to be taken?
The cabinet must be equipped with AGX only
A secondary Abis must be attached to the BTS
SUMA or SUMX must be inserted in the cabinet
The MC-TRE must be declared with at least 2 TRXs
2 1 30


Is the following statement true or false?
With the MC-TRX, the radio antenna network function is no longer needed.
True
False
2 1 31


Is the following statement true or false ?
When one BTS is equipped with at least 1 MC-TRX, the RSL multiplexing
scheme authorized is either non-multiplexing or 64-kbps statistic
multiplexing.
True
False
2 1 32


Is the MCPA frequency span a limited frequency bandwidth in an MCTRX?
The value of the bandwidth is the same whatever the frequency band
of the MC- TRX 900 or 1800 MHz
The value of the bandwidth is smaller in one MC-TRX 900 MHz
than in one MC-TRX 1800 MHz
The value of this bandwidth is customizable from the OMC-R
The value of this bandwidth is customizable from the BTS terminal
2 1 33

2 1 34

3.1 1 sector of 2 TRXs

Draw the configuration of a BTS composed of 1 sector with 2 TRXs.
To do this, use the appropriate elements at the bottom left.
AntA
AGC
ANY
TRE
TRE
AntB
TRE
TRE
2 1 35
BTS with 1 sector of 2 TRXs



With the help of the documentation Upgrade 9100 BTS with
AN/SUM/TRE modules , we would like to replace one single TRM
module not carrying the BCCH frequency by an MC-TRE module.
Before performing the replacement, from this documentation, identify:
The case number:
The grouped task sequence:
What is the prerequisite for this case number?
2 1 36
Related documents:
Upgrade 9100 BTS with AN/SUM/TRE Modules
BTS Terminal User Guide

3.2 1 sector of 2 TRXs with an MC-TRE [cont.]

If the prerequisite is not validated, perform the task to satisfy it.
Perform the replacement of the single TRM module by the MC-TRE module
with the help of the documentation.
2 1 37
Related documents:


Once the replacement is finished:
Identify the name of the MC-TRE module.
Identify the TRE number carried by this MC-TRE.
Write down the information from the MC-Module configuration settings.
2 1 38
Related documents:

4 Extend the BTS capacity by modifying

the MC-TRE configuration
2 1 39

4 Extend the BTS capacity by modifying the MC-TRE configuration

With the help of the documentation Reconfigure TRE/Sectors,9100
BTS , we would like to extend the capacity of the sector by reconfiguring
the MC-TRE module.
Before performing the reconfiguration, from this documentation, identify:
The case number:
What is the prerequisite for this case number?
2 1 40

4 Extend the BTS capacity by modifying the MC-TRE configuration

If the prerequisite is not validated, perform the task to satisfy it.
With the help of the documentation, perform the reconfiguration of the
MC-TRE in order to get one sector of 4 TRXs.
2 1 41

End of module
MC-TRX Description and Maintenance
2 1 42

Section 3
MC-RRH Description and
Maintenance
@@SECT
LE
Module 1
9100 BTS

Blank page
312
MC-RRH Description and Maintenance MC-RRH Description and Maintenance
Document History
Edition
Date
Author
Remarks
01
YYYY-MM-DD
First edition

Module objectives
Describe the MC-RRH hardware
Extend the capacity of the BTS by modifying the MC-RRH configuration
313

314

Table of contents
1 MC-RRH description
1.1 Characteristics of the MC-RRH
1.3 Installation of a distributed BTS
1.4 SUMX19
1.5 MC-RRH architecture
1.6 MC-RRH external interfaces
1.7 MC-RRH modes of operation
1.8 Multi-standard environment
1.9 MC-RRH performances
1.13 Updating of the WRONG CONFIGURATION TRE alarm
1.14 Engineering rules
1.15 New SBL hierarchy
1.16 MC-RRH module at the BTS terminal
1.17 Module Function relationship
1.18 What are the HMI impacts?
2 Summary & eercises
3 Configure a distributed BTS
3.1 Prerequisites
3 1 5 3.2 Exercise 1: identification
MC-RRH Description
and Maintenance 2:
MC-RRH
Description andreplacement
Maintenance
3.3 Exercise
MC-RRH
3.4 Exercise 3: TRX extension on MC-RRH

Page
7
8
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
23
24
25
28
30
31
32
33
43
44
46
47
48

316

317

1.1 Characteristics of the MC-RRH

The MC-RRH board is able to simultaneously carry several telecom
functions such as:
The transceiver function (digital, modulation and amplification sub-functions).
The Antenna Network function (combining and duplexing sub-functions).
One MC-RRH module is able to support up to 6 TRXs.
+
TRE
=
AN
318
MC-RRH

1.1 Characteristics of the MC-RRH [cont.]

A new product in the 9100 BTS family, called Distributed BTS is composed
of:
one central unit hosted in a SUMX 19 inch module, providing the transmission
termination and the Base Station Control function.
up to three Multi-Carrier Remote Radio Head units (MC-RRH) providing the
radio unit:
Transmitter and receiver functions
GSM baseband processing
Radio access support
GSM Antennas
AC/DC conversion
RRH
Distributed BTS architecture with 3xRRHs

319
The central unit of a distributed multi-carrier BTS contains all the items needed for a GSM BTS except for
the GSM baseband processing and the radio part, which reside in the Remote Radio Head (RRH) boxes. The
central box provides a number of Ethernet ports towards the RRH for the IP over Ethernet connection with
the telecom network as well as for GSM I/Q data cross-cover between RRHs.
The centralized equipment of the distributed BTS consists of the Station Unit Module (SUMX). This
equipment can be hosted in an existing BTS cabinet (with enough space for additional standard 19 Inch
equipment) or in a dedicated Site Support Cabinet (SSC). The SSC will integrate AC/DC converters and
batteries for power back-up.
AC/DC conversion is required to provide 48 V DC for the RRH and provide battery backup in case of loss of
power supply.

1.1 Characteristics of the MC-RRH [cont.]

This new generation of Multi-Carrier Remote
Radio Head is able to handle several carriers from
different technologies* and then offer the possibility
to evolve smoothly from GSM to WCDMA and LTE
for a dedicated frequency band.
Reduced power
consumption
MCPA
technology
Dynamic power
allocation
EDGE
capable
RF
MCPA frequency Span:
25 MHz
RF
3 1 10
Power
Optical fiber
SDR
technology
Up to 6 GSM
carriers
The MC-RRH is able to handle 2G (GSM) and 3G (UMTS) technologies. The 4G (LTE) technology handled by
the MC-RRH will be possible in the future.
Benefits of the MC-RRH :
Based on the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA) technology
Based on the Software Designed Radio (SDR)
Up to 6 GSM carriers via the two Tx path (2 power amplifiers)
Possibility to implement dynamic power allocation: output power dynamically distributed over the carriers
MCPA frequency span: 25 MHz
Reduced power consumption compared to Evolium TRMs: example of power consumption in the 900 MHz
band:
single TRM: 170 W
TWIN TRM: 216 W
MC-RRH: 350 W
Will be able to support two different radio technologies at the same time (e.g., GSM + WCDMA or GSM
+ LTE)


The MC-RRH is based on two Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA). The
different carriers are built at the digital stage, and then amplified through
a single MCPA.
SCPA TRM
MCPA TRM
f1+f2
01011
f1+f2
11011
f1
01011
11011
f1+f2
f2
SCPA TRM
Digital + Modulation function
Antenna coupling
Amplifier function
2 types of MC-RRH modules exist according to the frequency band:

RMXA09 for GSM 900
RMXA18 for GSM 1800
3 1 11
Rmxa09 for Remote Multi-Carrier X Standards Version A Frequency 900 MHz

Rmxa18 for Remote Multi-Carrier X Standards Version A Frequency 1800 MHz

1.3 Installation of a distributed BTS

The central unit (SUMX 19 inch) can be installed:
in any Alcatel-Lucent Evolium BTS (Indoor and Outdoor)
in any other cabinet allowing 19 inch modules installation in horizontal position.
48 V DC
SUMX 19
Power supply
ta l
ins
l ed
H
-RRall
C
M W st
Ma
3 1 12
RRH
For Indoor and Outdoor Evolium BTS, a 19 inch adapter shall be installed after removing one STASR shelf.

1.4 SUMX19
The central unit of a distributed BTS is composed of:
SUMX 19 inch subrack
SUMX main board
GSM new class board
GPS optional board
Back panel
GPS
GNC
Connection area
SUMX 19 subrack
3 1 13

SUMX
The SUMX 19 inch subrack hosts the SUMX board and the additional items needed for operation. It is a
metallic frame that can be installed on uprights inside BTS cabinets or in other external cabinets allowing 19
inch equipment installation in horizontal position.
The connection area provides connection possibility for external interfaces such as:
Power supply,
Ground,
E1,
External alarms.
The SUMX main board provides the central management and control of all the distributed BTS modules. It
is responsible for the following functional areas:
Digital transmission,
Timing and clock generation,
Management of the distributed BTS internal digital interfaces,
O&M functions,
RI.
Optionally, the SUMX can be equipped by a GPS receiver. The GPS receiver in the BTS can serve two
purposes:
The frequency synchronization: in areas where no stable PCM clock is available and the operators have
to make annual checks/alignments of the OCXO on all BTS sites in the network.
The time synchronization: the time synchronization of frames limits the interferences and is a means to
improve handover quality.
1.4 SUMX19 [cont.]
In eac
h HSO
SFP
son
Modu Tranceiver e
le is re
quired
SUMX front view
BTS NEM
RRH3
RRH2
RRH1
BSC
3 1 14
The Station Unit Module (SUM) is a controller managing transmissions, alarms and O&M. It integrates the
following functions:
Transmission functions.
O&M functions of the BTS.
Clock distribution.
Remote inventory function.
Provision of some external interfaces and management of internal interfaces.
Optional GPS board for GSM BTS releases which provides high precision clock and enables a time and
frequency synchronization for the BTS.
Interfaces from SUMX_GNC:
HSO1 to 3 (SFP type): provide the high-speed optical interfaces for Remote Radio Head connection.
OPT1 to 2 (SFP type): provide two optical interfaces for future use.
Trans2 (RJ45 type): providie traffic connection to the IP network.
AUX2 (RJ45 type): provide connection for auxiliary equipment.
HSE3 (RJ45 type): provide a high-speed Ethernet interface for future use.

1.5 MC-RRH architecture

The Multi-Carrier Remote Radio Head units (MC-RRH) is an outdoor box
composed of:
1 digital telecom function
1 analog telecom function with:
1 or 2 MCPAs
2 Antenna Network components
Duplexer
MCPA
MCPA
Duplexer
Digital processing
Power
supply
Power
Feeding
3 1 15
Optical
interface
Analogue
Duplexer
MC-RRH1x40
MC-RRH2x40
Analogue
1 power supply
1 optical interface
Duplexer
MCPA
Digital processing
Power
supply
Fiber
CPRI optics
Optical
interface
Fiber
CPRI optics
The MC-RRH integrates the baseband transceiving function and the radio access support, through
embedded antenna network components.
An MC-RRH constitutes an independent network element (outdoor box) communicating with its BTS site
manager (central box), the SUM, through an IP network (LAN).
The MC-RRH can be connected to a UMTS/LTE digital unit (remote equipment controller) via CPRI links.
The Remote Radio Head is intended to be mounted outdoor close to the antenna.
The MC-RRH can be installed:
On a pole or mast.
On a wall.
Antenna diversity is supported by the MC-RRH, but not the Tx Diversity and antenna hopping.

1.6 MC-RRH external interfaces
External
alarms
ASIG
CPRI
Optical
Power
RF
External interfaces on MC-RRH2x40 and MC-RRH1x40

3 1 16
External interfaces:
Power: provides the mains power to the RRH module.
Grounding: provides the grounding for the RRH module.
RF: provides the radio interface between the RRH module and the antenna.
CPRI: provides optical Gigabyte Ethernet interfaces (for 3G/4G central units).
Optical: provides the optical interface between the SUMX 19 Inch and the RRH module.
AISG: for connection of remote antenna tilt actors. Protocol handling is done in the RRH via the CPRI
interface. This is applicable only for multi-standard or non-GSM operation.
External alarms: Provides two external alarms input for the RRH module.
The MC-RRH can be connected to a UMTS/LTE digital unit (remote equipment controller) via CPRI links.
The Remote Radio Head is intended to be mounted outdoor close to the antenna.
The MC-RRH can be installed:
On a pole or mast.
On a wall.
Antenna diversity is supported by the MC-RRH, but not the Tx Diversity and antenna hopping.

1.7 MC-RRH modes of operation

Thanks to the Software Designed Radio (SDR), a concept developed
by the Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent R&D, the MC-RRH hardware module can
support different technologies thanks to software reconfiguration from the
OMC, without any site visit.
2G
+
3G
Today
2G
Today
Today
2G
+
LTE
3G
Ne
xt
ste
p
LTE
Ne
xt
3G
+
LTE
ste
p
Multi-standard
3 1 17
Multi-mode
Thanks to SDR, the module is able to simultaneously handle several carriers from different technologies and
offers the possibility to evolve smoothly from GSM to W-CDMA and LTE for a dedicated frequency band.
A Multi-standard MC-RRH is a module capable of switching between 2G and 3G software. This ability
differentiates a Multi-standard module from a Mono-standard module. Nevertheless, due to the exclusivity
of 2G and 3G software, its other term is Mono-mode.
A Multi-mode MC-RRH is a module running 2G+3G software, more precisely 2G SW embedding 3G SW.
The distributed BTS can be operated in the following modes:
Single standard:
2G only (GSM): up to 6 TRXs per MC-RRH (3 per MCPA)
3G only (UMTS) *
4G only (LTE FDD) *
Multi-standard (different modules for different standards, rack sharing):
2G/3G (GSM/UMTS)
2G/4G (GSM/LTE FDD) *
3G/4G (UMTS/LTE FDD) *
2G/3G/4G (GSM/UMTS)/LTE FDD) *
Multi-mode (same module for different standards):
2G/3G (GSM/UMTS): up to 4 TRXs on one MCPA and one UMTS carrier on the other MCPA
2G/4G (GSM/LTE FDD) *
3G/4G (UMTS/LTE FDD) *
2G/3G/4G (GSM/UMTS)/LTE FDD) *
* Not part of B11 project.
1.8 Multi-standard environment

The MC-RRH module is connected to:
SUMX19 via the optical Ethernet interface for 2G operation.
WCDMA BBU via the CPRI link for 3G operation.
RRH
SUMX19
RRH
RRH
OPT
CPRI
WCDMA BBU
In multi-standard mono-mode operation, either the Ethernet or the CPRI

link is used at a time.
In multi-standard multi-mode operation, both Ethernet and CPRI links are
used at a time.
3 1 18
2G implementation relies on the usage of an optical Ethernet interface between SUM and MC-RRH.

1.9 MC-RRH performances

The MC-RRH output power depends on the number of carriers configured
per module.
GSM Carriers
GSMK Output
power
at ToC
40
40
17
17
13
13
1
2
3
4
5
6
W
W
W
W
W
W
8-PSK Output
power
at ToC
27 W
27 W
11 W
11 W
9W
9W
GSM GMSK
Output power
at ToC
Carriers
1GSM
2GSM
3GSM
4GSM
+
+
+
+
1WCDMA
1WCDMA
1WCDMA
1WCDMA
40
17
13
18
WCDMA Output
Power
at ToC
W
W
W
W
40
40
40
40
W
W
W
W
Multi-mode operation
Single mode operation
MC-RRH provides flexibility for operators:

Capacity: power distributed over a high number of carriers.
Coverage: power focus on a low number of carriers, with higher power per carrier.
MC-RRH1x40 performs only as one half of MC-RRH2x40 in single mode.
3 1 19
An MC-RRH module provides a certain amount of physical output power. Its capability to distribute the total
MC-RRH in multi-mode configuration means one PA for GSM and one PA for WCDMA:
Multi-mode configuration
GMSK output power
1 GSM + 1 WCDMA
1x40 W + 1x40 W
2 GSM + 1 WCDMA
2x17 W + 1x40 W
3 GSM + 1 WCDMA
3x13 W + 1x40 W
4 GSM + 1 WCDMA
4x8 W + 1x40 W


Because it is unlikely that all carriers of the MC-RRH will transmit with
maximum power simultaneously, the Dynamic Power Allocation consists
in allocating the unused power according to the needs to other carriers
with higher traffic load.
The value of additional powers depends on the number of TRXs/TREs per
MCPA.
Number of
TRXs/TREs
per MCPA

power in case of low
overbooking/dynamic
power allocation

power in case of high
overbooking/dynamic
power allocation
+ 3.0 dB
+ 4.0 dB
+ 2.0 dB
+ 3.5 dB
+ 1.0 dB
+ 3.0 dB
+ 0.5 dB
+ 2.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
+ 0.0 dB
3 1 20
The dynamic power allocation is sent to the BTS by the OMC (through the BSC) at MC-module(s)
configuration time.
The additional power values are the same for MC-TRX and MC-RRH, but the additional power value
depends on the number of TRXs per MCPA, not per module:
For MC-TRXs, there is one MCPA per module.
For MC-RRHs, we have two MCPAs. With equal distribution to the PA, e.g. 6 TRXs on MC-RRH lead to
the additional power value for 3 TRXs.

1.10 Dynamic power allocation [cont.]

If the BTS transmission is not possible on all the TRXs of the MCmodule at the required power levels for a given radio burst due to the
maximum emission power for the Power Amplifier being exceeded, then a
power reduction in the BTS shall be applied by decreasing priority:
The emission power of all the 8-PSK bursts shall be reduced by the same
reduction factor (in %), except for the 8-PSK bursts to be transmitted with the
BCCH frequency.
If the first step is not sufficient then the emission power of all the GMSK power
controlled channels shall be reduced by the same form factor (in %), except for
the GMSK bursts to be transmitted with the BCCH frequency.
If the two steps dont solve the situation, a last solution (as a defense
solution) consists in reducing the power of all the remaining bursts by a
same form factor (in %). This situation should never happen in a
properly configured network.
3 1 21
The reduction factor is calculated by the BTS and applied immediately according to an algorithm that takes
into account the number of TRXs configured on the MC-RRH.


Already implemented in B10, the TRX Dynamic Power Saving feature
consists in switching off the Power Amplifier bias of a TRX as soon as
several consecutive timeslots are unused in DL on this TRX. This feature
allows a significant reduction of power consumption of the BTS.
This feature is not directly applicable to MC-RRH modules, due to the
fact that for a given TS, significant power consumption gains can only be
reached if there is no DL transmission on all the TRXs of the MC module.
3 1 22
The TRX dynamic power saving feature (with some periods of complete switch-off of the PA bias of
the module) is not directly applicable to the TRXs of MC-modules, due to the specific architecture of the
MC-modules.
For a given TS, due to the fact that significant power consumption gains can only be reached if there is no
DL transmission on all the TRXs of the MC-module (on the same TS), the interest of the TRX dynamic
power saving feature within the MC-modules is limited.
As a consequence and to simplify, the TRX dynamic power saving feature is not directly applicable to
MC-modules from B11. This feature will only be supported on the Single and TWIN TRM modules.


An MC-RRH covers a limited frequency bandwidth of 25 MHz called
MCPA frequency span (which is a HW capability) among:
This bandwidth of 25 MHz is constant in an MC-RRH and can be shifted

within 35 or 75 MHz.
The whole set of TRXs of the same band and of the same cell will not
use a frequency window higher than the frequency span reported by the
BTS.
Both P
As
in the operate
sa
instan
tenou me
s band
3 1 23
The check of frequency span at the OMC is only done if the OMC knows if there is an MC-module in a
sector mapped on the cell (and so, only after OMC/BTS HW audit). That means the cell exists and is already
mapped to a sector. In this case, the TRX has the RSL information. The test is done at cell level even in
case of cell shared, and if there is at least one MC-module in one sector.
From B11, we support only so-called normal cell frequency span, i.e. the whole set of TRXs (of the same
band and of the same cell) use a frequency window smaller than the frequency span reported by the BTS.
The check itself is therefore quite simple:
For the concerned band, look for the smallest frequency and for the highest frequency.
Compute the difference between them and get the correspondence in MHz.
Compare the result with the frequency span (also called PA RF BW) received in the OMC/BTS HW
audit.
The BTS has to check the bandwidth per MC-module when it receives the radio configuration: if the
bandwidth is larger than the MCPA frequency span (also called PA RF BW), the BTS sends an alarm to all
involved MC-modules.

1.13 Updating of the WRONG CONFIGURATION TRE alarm

Two new alarm numbers are defined for the BTS alarm [3,14] wrong
configuration (TRE):
specific problems: WRONG-CONFIGURATION
event type: Processing Error
probable cause: Configuration Or Customization Error
perceived severity: Major (PMA)
Alarm description: The parameters are not consistent with the capacity of
the equipment.
Alarm number:
16: The bandwidth per MC-module is larger than the PA RF BW
17: Wrong OML/RSL multiplexing rule
3 1 24
The MCPA frequency span is also called PA RF BW.

1.14 Engineering rules

In case of distributed BTS, the way to interconnect the baseband unit with the
MC-RRH is the star configuration.
The cable minimum length is 10 meters while the maximum length is 300
meters.
3 1 25
In the future, it will be possible to connect RRH modules in chain configuration.

The cable length can be customized with 10-meter length granularity.
As the SUMX has three high-speed optical connections, the star configuration is supported for up to three
MC-RRHs. This star scheme is advantageous if the MC-RRHs are very distant from each other.

1.14 Engineering rules [cont.]
M C -R R
Hs
by an upported
y BSC
The MC-RRH module must be connected to one SUMX 19 board.

This MC-RRX module has a capacity of up to 6 TRXs in case of single standard
mode.
In star configuration, up to 3 RRHs can be connected to SUMX 19 via 3
optical fiber links (3 sectors with 1 MC-RRH/sector).
Up to 6 logical TRXs per sector is allowed.
Up to 18 TRXs are allowed per SUMX 19.
With one distributed BTS, the possible values for BTS for the OML/RSL
multiplexing scheme are:
No multiplexing
64-kbps statistic multiplexing
The TRX dynamic power saving is not applied on the TRX belonging to MCmodules.
TX Diversity is not possible with an MC-RRH module.
3 1 26

1.14 Engineering rules [cont.]

Activation of the MC-RRH at the OMC-R
The following features linked to the MC-RRH are options and are
controlled at the OMC-R level:
MC-module.
The OMC counts the number of TREs mapped on MC-modules. If this number is greater
than n, PRCs are blocked.
Dynamic power allocation.

Number of TREs configured on an MC-module with the overbooking activated.
MC-module configuration in multi-standard.

The OMC counts the number of unlocked OSF SBL.
3 1 27
The number of authorized TREs mapped on MC-modules is linked to a floating license called LKDI.lic .
The Dynamic Power Allocation and the MC-module configuration in multi-standard facilities are linked to
licenses called oflcf.in and limits.in .
OSF that stands for Other Standard Function is a new SBL introduced with MC-RRH.
It reports to the operator the availibilty status of the other standard/RRH function (UMTS and LTE in the
future).

1.15 New SBL hierarchy

Introduction of a new OSF SBL (Other Standard Function)
From a configuration point of view, it offers the control over 3G function
opening (i.e., it offers control over enabling and disabling the use of the
MC-module in 3G).
From a fault management point of view, the OSF SBL represents the
CPRI link between the MC-module and the uplink 3G elements.
The BTS maps OSF SBL on the associated MC-module rack/shelf/slot.
The aim is to supervise the other standard function (3G or LTE).
3 1 28
In a multi-standard mono-mode context, 2G side (from 2G OMC or from BTS-NEM) can preempt 3G
resources, but 3G side cannot preempt 2G resources.

1.15 New SBL hierarchy [cont.]

The OSF SBL is created disabled by the SUM (i.e., OPR ) for each
MC-module plugged without any GSM carrier by default or dedicated to
another standard than GSM (i.e., (re)-configured without any GSM carrier).
OSF is
a flo
3 1 29
ating
SBL
In a multi-standard mono-mode context, 2G side (from 2G OMC or from BTS-NEM) can preempt 3G
resources, but 3G side cannot preempt 2G resources.

1.16 MC-RRH module at the BTS terminal
Module name
Module functions
3 1 30

1.17 Module Function relationship
MC-RRH module
3 1 31
MC-RRH functions

1.18 What are the HMI impacts?

Display of the capabilities of the MC-RRH at the OMC-R
3 1 32
Dynamic Power Allocation possible values: No, low and high

TRE Mode Config possible values: 1 TRE, No TxDiv, up to 6 TREs, No TxDiv

3 1 33

Module summary
The Multi-Carrier Remote Radio Head module is able to handle
several carriers from different technologies in one housing.
In 2G, a new product in the 9100 BTS family called distributed BTS is
composed of:
1 or 3 RRHs connected in star configuration via an optical fiber
1 centralized equipment called SUMX 19
The benefits of MC-RRH are:

MCPA technology.
SDR concept.
Dynamic power allocation.
3 1 34

Module summary [cont.]

The MC-RRH is an option and is controlled at OMC-R level.
New engineering rules for the MC-RRH implementation:
The MC-RRH must be connected to a SUMX 19 subrack.
The MC-RRH has a capacity of up to 6 TRXs in GSM configuration.
The RSL multiplexing scheme is authorized in a BTS equipped with at least one
MC-RRH:
no Multiplexing, or
64-kbps statistic multiplexing.
Covering of a bandwidth of 20 MHz which can be shifted within 35 or 75 MHz

(Cell Frequency Span).
TX Diversity is not possible.
3 1 35

Answer the question

What does the MC-RRH feature allow?
To carry up to 6 GSM carriers simultaneously on one board
To by-pass the combiner between the TRE and the antenna

To carry up to 6 GSM carriers simultaneously and to integrate
the Antenna Network function
The TX diversity for 6 carriers simultaneously on one board
3 1 36

Answer the question

To build a distributed BTS in an Evolium cabinet indoor, which items of
equipment or boards are required?
The cabinet must be equipped with one SUMX 19 inch subrack
A SUMX must be inserted in the SUMX 19 inch subrack
A SUMX must be inserted in the cabinet
MC-RRH can be plugged inside the BTS cabinet

MC-RRHs are mounted outside the BTS cabinet (outdoor)
3 1 37

Answer the question

With the MC-RRH, the Radio Antenna Network function is no longer
needed.
True
False
3 1 38

Answer the question

In case of Distributed BTS, the RSL multiplexing scheme authorized is
either non-multiplexing or 64-kbps statistic multiplexing.
True
False
3 1 39

Answer the question

In case of Distributed BTS, Tx diversity is allowed.
True
False
3 1 40

Answer the question

An MC-RRH can be multi-standard and multi-mode.
True
False
3 1 41

Answer the question

Is the MCPA frequency span a limited frequency bandwidth in an MCRRH?
The value of the bandwidth is the same whatever the frequency band
of the MC- RRH 900 or 1800 MHz
The value of the bandwidth is smaller in one MC-RRH 900 MHz than
in one MC-RRH 1800 MHz
The value of this bandwidth is customizable from the OMC-R
The value of this bandwidth is customizable from the BTS terminal
3 1 42

3 1 43

3.1 Prerequisites
Lets consider one distributed BTS composed of one SUMX 19 inch and one
module MC-RRH.
This BTS is connected to one BSC via Abis in TDM mode.
We would like to:
Replace an MC-RRH.
Modify the configuration of the MC-RRH (increase the number of TRXs).
Prerequisites:
The distributed BTS has been commissioned and is operational.
The RRH module is operational and communicates via an optical fiber.
The MC-RRH facility is available for this BSS.
3 1 44

3.1 Prerequisites [cont.]

Required tools:
One local terminal running with the BTS NEM application
One OMC-R terminal
Requested documents:
Distributed BTS_9100 BTS_9110 BTS Corrective Maintenance Handbook
BTS Nem user Guide
Reconfigure RRH/Sectors on Distributed BTS
3 1 45

3.2 Exercise 1: identification

Identify and draw the links which are involved in the distributed BTS.
To do this, link the appropriate elements.
Abis ..
BSC
Abis ..
HS02 HS01 48V
Abis
port2
Abis
port1
48V
RRH1
HS02 HS01
MMI
SUMX 19
BTS NEM
Abis Link
48V power supply
3 1 46

Optical fiber
3.3 Exercise 2: MC-RRH replacement

With the help of the documentation Distributed BTS_9100
BTS_9110 BTS Corrective Maintenance Handbook :
Identify the main steps to replace an MC-RRH module.
Simulate the MC-RRH replacement by keeping the same hardware.
3 1 47

3.4 Exercise 3: TRX extension on MC-RRH

With the help of the documentation Reconfigure RRH/Sectors on
Distributed BTS , we would like to extend the capacity of the sector by
reconfiguring the existing MC-RRH module.
Before performing the reconfiguration, identify:
The case number:
Write down the option(s) for this case number?
What is (are) the prerequisite(s) for this case number?
3 1 48

3.4 Exercise 3: TRX extension on MC-RRH [cont.]

If the prerequisite(s) is (are) not validated, perform the task to satisfy it
(them).
With the help of the documentation, perform the reconfiguration of the
MC-RRH in order to get one extra TRX on the existing MC-RRH.
3 1 49

End of module
3 1 50

@@SECT
LE
Section 4
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Module 1
9100 BTS

Blank page
412
Abbreviations and Acronyms Abbreviations and Acronyms

Document History
Edition
Date
Author
Remarks
01
YYYY-MM-DD
First edition

Abbreviations and acronyms

#
2G
3G
4G
8-PSK
A
A
Abis
AC
AGX
AMR
AN
ANC
ANB
ANY
ARFCN
Number
Atermux
second Generation
third Generation
fourth Generation
8 Phase Shift Keying
BSS-MSC interface
BTS-BSC interface
Alternating Current
AGC without combiner
Adaptive Multi Rate
Antenna Network
Antenna Network Combining
ANC without combiner
twin wide band combiner module
Absolute Radio Frequency Channel
F
FDD
FIT
FLT
FOS
FPD
FR
G
GCD
GCH
GGSN
GMSK
GPRS
GPS
GSM
Ater Interface sub-Multiplexed
B
BBCH
Broadcast Control CHannel
Base Band Unit
BBU
BCF
Base station Control Function
BSC
Base Station Controller
BSS 4 1 3Base Station Subsystem
and Acronyms Abbreviations and Acronyms
BTS Abbreviations
Transceiver
9100 BTSBase
B12 Description
& Maintenance Station
BW
Bandwidth
Frequency Division Duplex

Faulty In Traffic (SBL state)
Faulty (SBL state)
Faulty Out of Service (SBL state)
Field Product Documentation
Full Rate
Generic Customer Documentation

GPRS Channel
Gateway GPRS Support Node
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
modulation
General Packet Radio System
Global Positioning System
Global System for Mobile communications
(2G)
H
HLR
HR
HW
Home Location Register

Half Rate
Hardware
I
IDU
IP
IT
Indoor Unit
Internet Protocol
In Traffic (SBL state)
L
LAN
LAPD
LMT
LNA
LTE
Local Area Network

Link Access Protocol on the D Channel
Local Maintenance Terminal
Low-Noise Amplifier
Long-Term Evolution
C
CBI
CBO
CBO-E
CPRI
Compact Base station Indoor cabinet

Compact Base station Outdoor cabinet
CBO Evolution
Common Public Radio Interface
D
DC
DCH
DCPS
DCS
DHCP
DL
Direct Current
Dedicated transport Channel
Dual Core Packet Server
Digital Cellular System
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DownLink
E
E1
European standard for Pulse Code

Modulation interface at 2.048 Mbps
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory
EF
External Failure (SBL state)
EFR
Enhanced Full rate
EGPRS
Enhanced GPRS
E-GSM
Enhanced GSM
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standard
Institute

Abbreviations and acronyms [cont.]

M
MBI
cabinet
MBO
Multi-standard Base station Indoor
Multi-standard Base station Indoor

cabinet
MBS
Multi-standard Base Station
MC
Multi Carrier
MC-RRH Multi-Carrier Remote Radio Head
MCS
Modulation and Coding Scheme
MC-TRA Multi-Carrier TRA
MC-TRE Multi-Carrier TRE
MC-TRX Multi-Carrier TRX
MCPA
Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier
M-EGCH Multiplexed EGCH
MFS
Multi-BSS Fast packet Server (GPRS)
MIB
Management Information Base
MSC
Mobile Switching Center
MSD
Maintenance Seized (SBL state)
MSD AUTO Autonomous Maintenance Seized
N
NEM
NEQ
NTL
NTP
Network Element Manager

Non Equipped (SBL state)
Network Termination Line
4 1 Network
4
Time Protocol

Operation and Maintenance

OMC-Radio
Operator (SBL state)
Other Standard Function
Outdoor Control Board
P
PA
PCM
PDU
PM
PRI
PS
PSI
Power Amplifier
Pulse Code Modulation
Packet Data Unit
Performance Management
Power & Remote Interface
Power Supply
Power Supply Control Interface
Radio Cable Detection

Range Extension Kit
Radio Frequency
Radio Frequency Interface
Remote Inventory
Replaceable Item
Remote Radio Head
Radio Signaling Link
Reception
Rx Diversity
SOS
SSC
SUM
SUMA
SUMX
SW
Slow Associated Control CHannel

Standalone Dedicated Control CHannel
Service Aware Manager
Standalone SMLC
Security Block
Single-Carrier Power Amplifier
Software Design radio
Small form-factor Pluggable (optical
transceiver)
System Out of Service (SBL state)
Site Support Cabinet
Station Unit Module
Station Unit Module A for GSM
2G Station Unit Module Type X (controller
for GSM part)
SoftWare
T
TC
TransCoder
TCH
Traffic Channel
TDM
Time Division Multiplex
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access
TMA
Tower Mounted Amplifier
TMU
Traffic Management Unit
COPYRIGHT ALCATEL-LUCENT 2012.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ToC
Top Of Cabinet
TRA
TRE with 8-PSK capacity
TRE
Transceiver Reception Equipment
TREA
TRE analog part
Center
TRED
TRE digital part
TREP
TRE power supply
Link
Unit
TRM
Transmitter Receiver Module
TRX
Transceiver
TS
Time Slot
Tx
Transmission
TxDiv
Tx Diversity
O
O&M
OMC
OMC-R
OML
OMU
OPR
OSF
OUTC
R
RCD
REK
RF
RFI
RI
RIT
RRH
RSL
Rx
RxDiv
S
SACCH
SDCCH
SAM
SAS
SBL
SCPA
SDR
SFP
U
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunication

System (3G)
V
VSWR
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
W
W-AMR
WCDMA
WTC
Wideband AMR
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
Wait for Traffic Clear (SBL state)

End of module
415

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B12 Description & Maintenance

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Last name, first name

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Identify and describe the hardware modules of the 9100 BTS

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Module objectives [cont.]

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Table of contents [cont.]

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1.1 Situation of the BTS

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1.2 Functions of the 9100 BTS

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1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS

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1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS [cont.]

TRE Dynamic Power Saving

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9100 BTS B12 Description & Maintenance BTS Description

Synthesized frequency hopping

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1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS [cont.]

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1.3 Main features of the 9100 BTS [cont.]

By-pass of E1 Abis connections in case of BTS switchoff

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9100 BTS B12 Description & Maintenance BTS Description

Up to 4 physical Abis interfaces are supported.

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2.1 Main architecture

Base station control

Antenna coupling Transmit/Receive