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Patent Series
(Patent Cooperation Treaty)
High Vacuum Densification Method (HVDM)
(ZL01127046.2)
Surcharge Preloading Combining HVDM
(ZL200410014257.9)
HVDM Combining Composite Foundation
(ZL200510134966.5)
1st cycle
compaction,
CPT tests,
Parameter
adjustment
Full scale
hammering or
vibration
2nd cycle
high
vacuum
drainage
Final check
Main Principles
Active drainage under pressure gradient
"Hard Shell at the upper layer
Minimize Post treatment settlement
Role
Breakthrough
by Pressure Gradient
Schematic
Hard
shell
Underlying
soft
soil
hx
P
fak
fak
Minimization
of Post-Treatment Settlement
Schematic
of Post-Treatment Settlement
P
Hard
shell
Underlying
soft soil
Water
movement
Field Shots of
HVDM Treatments
PVD installation
Compaction machinery
HVDM QA/QC
Water content
CPT values
Compaction frequency
Compaction energy
Vacuum power
Dissipation of excess
Pore water pressure
Soil
densification
without soil
failure
Merits of HVDM
Environmental safe, no pollution
A green method, no addition of any additives
Low cost
Saving of 30% versus comparable treatment methods
Merits of HVDM
Saving of time
An enhanced pressure gradient leads to the expedited
dissipation of water pressure, taking 5-10 days (was 3-4
weeks), i.e., 50% faster.
Assured QA/QC
Control of bearing capacity, realized by controlling stiff
and thickness of hard shell.
Control of post-treatment settlement and differential
settlement, realized by treating sections independently
Competition of 7 Schemes
Patches/
Methods
SPT within
6 m (Coun
t)
CPT withi
n 6 m, Ps
(MPa)
CBR
(MPa)
Reactive mo
duli
K(MPa/m3)
Resilient mo
duli
E0(MPa/m3)
Total conso
lidation
(cm)
Pre-treatm
ent
2.33
0.89
20.80
43.03
Method 1
12 In
30.2
Method 2
11
35.7
Method 3
5.58
7.35
45.50
62.66
45.1
Method 4
13
4.99
8.68
56.93
66.25
17.8
Method 5
12
3.81
8.38
45.90
65.26
25.6
Method 6
10
3.90
8.55
47.80
65.75
23.6
Method 7
13
3.85
8.83
61.32
71.73
55.7
3.60
6.71
38.827 (HVDM)
59.80
summary,
method
offers
best performance.
4.24 the 8.19
46.50
64.77
Consolidation: 55.7 cm
Post-treatment settlement:
30 cm
High cost
Post-treatment settlement:
10 cm
Saving of 120 millions
yuan
Schedule: 4 m
Schedule: 12 m
Before Treatment
After treatment
Thanks