Kind of The Genre text

United Kingdom Language text is basically divided into 3 types,

namely: large text
Narration contains the text Type the text narration is Narrative
Text, Recount Text, News Items, and Anecdote Text Text. All kinds of the
above mentioned belongs to the Narration in which all of the text serves
to recounting an incident or event and inform readers about an event or
events.
Description: contains the text Type the Description was
Descriptive Text, Report Text, and a Text Explanation where this type of
text is more focused on the depiction and explanation of something. The
text of this type usually using words containing meaning mendeskrpsikan,
describe, and explain.
Argumentation: the kind of text that is included in the
Argumentation is the Discussion Text, Analytical Exposition Hortatory
Exposition Text, Text and type this text more focus to his opinions to
support or even did not approve an issue or phenomenon that happens.
1 Descriptive Text: the text that describe the objects, people, places,
specifically.
Generic Structure:
1. Identification contains: Identification of the topics that will be
described, for example: I have many pets, but my favourite one is a cat.
2. Description contains: detailed description of parts, e.g. about
physical appearance (physical traits), nature-nature (characteristics) etc.
Linguistic characteristics in Descriptive text: use the simple present tense
to use adjectives or adjective Use to be like (am, is, are) describe the
object or character with an interesting use of language-specific.
examples of descriptive text:
Hi friends! This is my friend Miranda. She comes from Sulawesi. She was born in Makasar
on June 12, 1980. her hobbies are singing and swimming. She also likes planting flowers very much.
She lives at 12 Jalan Jaya. She lives together with her parents and two sisters. They are Mr. and Mrs
Yudhatama, Sherina and Tiara.
Miranda studies at SMP 7. Her older sister is in the first year
of SMA, and Tiara is still in SD. They all love one another.

2. The text of the Procedure: the text that explains or gives a clue
how/steps-steps to make or do something.
Generic Structure:
Aim/Goal, for example: How to make Brownies Cake
Materials contains
: materials and or tools to make these Brownies

Steps/Methods contains: steps to make Brownies

The linguistic characteristics of the Procedure:
1.to use the Simple Present Tense (S + V1)
2.-shaped form of the imperative/command,
3.use action verbs, for example: make , take, boil, cook,
4.using temporal conjunctions, examples: First, then, next, after that, the
last
examples of the text of the Procedure:
How to make Lemonade
Ingredients:
For each glass use:
- 2 tablespoons of lemon juice.
- 2 tablespoons of sugar.
- 1 glass of water
Methods:
1. Slice a lemon in half and squeeze the juice into a cup.
2. Take out the seeds.
3. Pour two tablespoons of juice into glass.
4. Add sugar
5. Add water and stir well
6. Taste the lemonade. You may want to add more sugar or more lemon to make it taste just right
7. Put it in ice cubes. A drop of red food coloring will make pink lemonade

3. The text of the Narrative : text that contains about a story or

fairytale and therein lies the conflict/Pinnacle problem followed by a
settlement.
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
: introduction to the character, place and time
2. Complication
: the highlight problem/Conflict
3. Resolution
: problem solving in-text
Linguistic traits of Narrative:
1. focus on one character or perpetrators and usually individually so that
usually use pronouns such as "I, we, he, she".
2. Most often uses the past tense be it simple past tense, past
continuous, as well as other past tense form.
3. Sometimes the use of dialogue to engage their imagination so that
readers of the story look more vivid and real.
4. Because of the sequence (chronological), then typically also use
conjunctions (conjunction) so the story look coherently or sort.
examples of the text of the narrative:
Once there were two him thin goats. Both of them were hungry. They were tied together with a
brown rope. They wanted to eat the green leaves from two separated bushes. One bush was on the left.

The other bush was on the right.

The goats thought they could do everything on their own. The first goat wanted to go to the
bush on the left, but the second goat wanted to go to the bush on the right. However, the rope was
short. They tried but they could not reach they bushes. They were sad.
Then, the goats decided to work together. First, they are the leaves of the bush on the right.
Then, ate the leaves on the left. The leaves were delicious. They were happy.

4. text recount is text tell about last event

Generic Structure:
Orientation contains
: introduction to the
character, place and time.
Event (s) contains
: Happenings/events
that occur.
Re-orientation (Optional/not there should be): personal expression of the
author or the cover of the story.
The linguistic characteristics of Recount Text:
1. using a sentence in the form of the Past Tense.Example: We went to
Bandung last year, I was very happy.
2. Use Action Verbs.
Examples: CPR, bought, wrote, slept, etc.
3. use of Adverbs and Adverbialen Phrase to express the time, place and
manner.
Example: yesterday, at school, quickly, etc.
4. use the Conjunction and the Time Connectives to sort events or event.
Example: but, and, after that, etc.
examples of the text of the recount:
CLASS PICNIC
Last Friday our school went to Centennial Park for a picnic
First our teachers marked the rolls and the we got on the buses. On the buses, everyone was chatting
and eating. When we arrived at the park, some students played cricket, some played cards but others
went for a walk with the teachers. At lunchtime, we sat together and had our picnic. Finally, at two
oclock we left for school.
We had a great day.

5. The text of the Report: that convey Text information about

something, what it is, as a result of systematic observation or analysis.
Described can include gajala nature, environment, man-made objects, or
social symptoms. Description a text report can be a general summary for
example on simple home with mendekripsikan traits of the subject so
worthy categorized House simple.
Generic Structure:
1.General Classification
: classification of a phenomenon (of animals,
public places, plants, etc.)
2. the Description contains : an overview of the phenomena that will be
discussed as part of its part, habit or behaviour if objects of life, its
usefulness if a non natural.

The linguistic characteristics of the text of the Report:

1. because it contains the scientific facts that, then the report text is
dominated by simple present tense.
2. The title would seem common, like Playing Football and not the
Manchester Football Club.
3. Usually accompanied by pictures, statistical data in the form of a
diagram or a map to make sure that the results of research conducted
scientifically. Description: contains an overview of the phenomena that will
be discussed as part of its part, habit or behaviour if objects of life, its
usefulness if a non natural.
An Example Of The Text Of The Report:
The heart is the most important part of the body. It is the center of life. However, the heart is
only as big as a closed hand. The heart is a muscle and it beats about seventy times per minute
throughthout a persons life.
The heart pumps blood from your heart to all parts of your body. The heart is made up of four
chambers or small rooms. The top chamber are called the right and left auriclesand the botttom
chambers are the right and left ventricles.
When blood enters the heart. It is in dark reddish color because it countains carbon dioxide. The
blood enters the right auricle and then the right ventricle. When the heart contracts, it forces the blood
to the lungs where the blood receives oxygen. It then goes to the left auricle. The heart contracts
again, and the blood goes to the left ventricle and is then forced out into the body. The blood gathers
carbon dioxide and returns to the heart, and the process begins again.

Kind of the Tenses

1.Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense is a verb form to state facts, habits, or events
that occurred at this time.
the formula of simple present tense sentence for positive,
negative, interrogative and as follows.
The sentence
The formula simple
The example simple
present tense
present tense
positif
S + V-1
(+)
S +/- auxiliary (do/does) +
She likes eating out
bare infinitive
S + be (am/is/are)
The children are naughty.
negatif
S + auxiliary (do/does) + not
She doesnt like eating out
(-)
+ bare infinitive
The children arent
S + be(am/is/are) + not
naughty

interogatif
(?)

Do/Does + S + bare infinitive

Does she like eating out

Be(am/is/are) + S
Are the children naughty
S + V-1
S +/- auxiliary (do/does) +
She likes eating out
bare infinitive
Note: in positive sentences, normally an auxiliary verb (do/does) was not
used, but rather is used only if necessary to give emphasis on the
imperative of doing action
function
Example the sentence simple
present tense
Simple present tense to
He always consumes low
express habitual action
GI rice.
(habit) where often used
She sends much money to
adverb of frequency
her parents in the village
(always, often, usually,
every month.
every day/week, month,
all the time, etc.) as time
signals.
The sun rises from the east and sets
Factual (General/truth
in the west
Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius.
undeniable fact)

Simple present tense is

used to make a simple
statement that applies
the general (valid
anytime) or general
(using the verb be).
Simple present tense use
stative verb to express
feeling (feeling), sensory
(sense), mind (mental
state), or ownership
(possession).
Simple present tense is
used to discuss the plan
or schedule in the future
but has a period of time
close to now. General talk
about transportation

I live in Jakarta.

She is so beautiful.
Hes angry.

She loves dancing.

I see tears in your eyes.

We agree with the speakers

opinion

My brother owns a new house.

The ship leaves the harbour this

night at 7 oclock
He arrives from Osaka at 1 pm.

The ceremony starts at nine.

2.Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense or the present progressive tense is a verb
form used to express an ongoing action now.
the formula present continuous tense for positive, negative,
sentence and interrogative are as follows.

Sentence
positif (+)

negatif (-)

formula
S + be(am/is/are) + present
participle

example
The ships are
sailing
He is smiling

S + be(am/is/are) + not +
present participle

interogatif (?)

be(am/is/are) + S +
present participle?

The ships are not

sailing
He is not smiling
are the ships
sailing
Is he smiling

Functions and Example Sentences Present Continuous Tense

Function
Example the sentence
The present continuous
She is brushing the bathroom
tense to talk about an action
floor.

Im driving a car to Bandung

that is happening now.
now.
Hes learning English in order to
be a great guide.
The present continuous
tense to talk about a plan or
a move to a place/condition.

The present continuous

Im spending my holiday on Kuta

beach next month.
You cant call me this night. Im
going to my best friends
wedding.
The buses are arriving in an hour
Im moving to West Jakarta this
month.
Why is the wild dog always

tense to express annoyance

over the action that occurred
repeatedly.

barking at me?
Im getting sick of you always
asking the same questions

3. The present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense is a verb form used to express an action or
situation that has started in the past and still continues to present or have
been completed in a certain point of time in the past but its effects still
continue.
the present perfect tense formula for positive, negative,
sentence and interrogative are as follows.
Sentence
positif
(+)
negatif
(-)
interogatif
(?)

Formula
S + aux. verb(have/has) + V3/past participle
S + aux. verb(have/has) + not
+ V-3/past participle
aux. verb(have/has) + S + V3/past participle

example
I have read the book
He has left
I have not read the book
He hasnt left
Have I read the book
Has he left

Function and example the present perfect tense

Function
example
The present perfect tense to
Can you recommend the most
express the happenings in the
delicious seafood restaurant in this
past without the matter when
town? Yes, Ive visited all of them.

Ive read this book

exactly is happening
The present perfect tense to
She has called you three times.
indicate that an action
occurred repeatedly in the
past (adverb of number may
be used).
The present perfect tense to
I have lived in Cilegon for 3
express the activity or
months
She has studied in French since
situation that began in the
April
past and then resumed until

My brother has worked

now (not yet finished).
already/lately/ up to now
Present perfect tense untuk
membicarakan acara yang
baru saja terjadi (adverbia
dapat "hanya" ini digunakan

Ive just sent you an email.

The rains just stopped.

dalan).

4. Simple Future Tense

Simple future tense is a verb form used to express that an action took
place in the future, spontaneously or planned. Tense can also be used to form the
conditionals sentence type 1.
the formula is simple future tense for positive, negative, sentence
and interrogative as follows.
Sentence
Formula
Example

positif
(+)
negatif
(-)

interogatif
(?)

S + will + bare infinitive

S + be (am/is/are) going to +
bare infinitive
S + will + not + bare
infinitive
S + be (am/is/are) + not +
going to + bare infinitive

You will win

They are going to come

Will + S + bare infinitive

Be (am/is/are) + S + going to
+ bare infinitive

Will you win

Are they going to come

You wont win

They arent going to come

Function and example the sentence simple future tense

Function

Simple future tense (will) to

make a decision to do something
spontaneously (without a plan).

example

You will win

They are going to come
You wont win
They arent going to come
Will you win
Are they going to come
Wait a minute. I will
change my clothes
You look nervous. Ill give
you a glass of water.
The doom will not happen
in 2014.
Which hotels do you think
will offer the best service?
Hell be angry.

The sandstorm will come.

I think he will pass.

Simple future tense (will) for the

memerediksi of the future
(without a plan).

Simple future tense (will) for the

memerediksi of the future
(without a plan

I will come if they invite

me.