TERRORISM

A . Definitions
Thecalculated use of violence or the threat of violence to attain goals, oftenpolitical or ideological in
nature. Through fear, intimidation or coercion. Itusually involves a criminal act often symbolic in nature
and intended toinfluence an audience beyond the immediate victim.
Aviolent criminal behavior designed to generate fear in the community or asubstantial segment of it, for
political purposes.
B. Three Groups or Terrorist
1.National terrorist-a terrorist who operates and aspires to win political power within a single
nation.
2. Transnational Terrorist- a terrorist whooperates across national borders, whose actions and
Political aspirations affectindividual of more than one nationality.
3. International Terrorist- a terrorist who is controlled by, and whoseactions represent the
interestof a sovereign state.
C. Group Classification and Motivation ofTerrorist
1. Minority Nationalistic Group - groups fighting themajority of the community where the support
base will depend on ethnic,religious, or linguistic minorities at odds with the majority community.
2. Marxist Revolutionary Group- the terroristmovement is characterized by its possession of coherent
Marxist, ideology, orany persuasion, and of a long-term strategy for bringing about a socialistrevolution.
3. Anarchist Group- there who bring lawlessness and disorder,which is natural state in which human
exist
4. Pathological Groups- A phenomenon of individuals ratherthan specific groups. Their motivations
normally have more to do with personalinadequacy, hatred of family or specifically identified persons or
things, thanwith acquired ideology.
5. Neo-Fascist and Extreme Right Wings Groups- Those who appear tocounter the activities of the
left and may pose a more serious threat tosecurity forces than the more traditional terrorist groups.
6. Ideological Mercenaries- It is new for ofterrorism from man and women, who for the sake of shared
ideology and commonfaith in worldwide revolution, rather than money, are ready to cross-frontiersto
pursue their causes.
D. Phases of a terrorist Attack
1. Pre-incident Phase- The planning of the event, normally based onthe intentions short-rang
objectives and long-term strategy and on informationand experience. This is by for the most important for
it involveintelligence-gathering activities through surveillance, target penetration andeven the use of
informants, logistics preparations, including he acquisitionand transportation of radios, arms, ammunition
and explosives, and rehearsals.During this phases secrecy and operations security are of outmost
important forsuccess.
2. Initiation Phase- This is the point of no return. It is the event thatmarked the beginning of the
operation. It is marked by movement of theobjective, followed by the detonation of a bomb, or an ambush.
The physicaltaking of hostages. It is the most unnerving for the terrorist since they haveno absolute control
over the consequences.
3. Climax Phase- It may follow the initiation phases as in a single bombincident, or may host for days
or weeks as in a live hostage situation. Theclimax marks the end of the incident.
4. Post-Incident Phase- it us the time when the terrorist regroupand engage in self-criticism. The
criticism will provide valuable input for thepre-incident phases of subsequent operations.
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Common Tactics ofTerrorist

Bombing
Hoaxes
Arson
Hijacking
Ambush
Kidnapping
Hostage-taking