Instructional Master LSM 1.CS-1 Families of Organic Compounds Family name [General formula [example hanes ; | wopene oo CH, CH, i alkenes i | progene (propylene CH=CH CH : | i 5 j | athynes | | propyne chEc—cH, i | cH aromaties | metry benzene = (heny! metnane.wlvene) organic halides x chiorapropane CH, — CH, CH, —cr (ls Ron propanol CH, CH, cH, — On ethers R—-o-R methowyethane cH, —0—cH,—cH, {ethyl methyl ether) ° 1 algehydes aIH|—C—# propanal ketones =e ropanane {acetone} ° ° I I carboxylic acids RW] —C—OH propanoic acid cH, —CH,—C— On ° ° i 4 ssters aH] C—O smethy! ethancate cH, -C-0—cH, (ethyl acetate) propylamine oO RTH wa. 4 Bane CoN SIHSUMMARY OF ORGANIC NAMING RULES . Name the longest carbon chain with the root number of carbons. N Number the carbon chain so that functional groups with the highest priority have the lowest possible numbers. w . Greek prefixes di(2), tri(3), tetra(4), penta(5) etc are used to indicate the presence of more than one of the same type of group. 4. Substitutions (alkyl, halide groups, amines) are named as prefixes with a number indicating the location of the substitution (Ex: 1,2,3- trichloropropane) 5, Functional groups are named as suffixes, and where appropriate, with a number indicating the location of the group (Ex: alcohols, ketones require a number, aldehydes, amides, carboxylic acids do not). 6. Tf more than one functional group is present, the functional groups with the ‘ _ highest priority are named last in the suffixes (Ex: penta-1-ol-3-one) A MAMIMG ORGAINC MOLECULES IS Fusesyss ‘Lowest Priority § Highest Priority ve c ° 0 ° " W tl fl uw ce OH NH, C- CC -CeNHy CTO | \ EEE | | | | Alkyl Halides Multiple Alcohols Amines Aldehydes Ketones Amides Corb Acids Bonds