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PART I

RHYTHM IN MUSIC

Music gives a soul to the universe, wings to the


mind, flight to the imagination, and life to
everything.
-Plato

Rhythm is the pattern or flow of sound through time in musical piece. There
is also rhythm in the way you do your daily activities, can come from musical
instruments. It considered as the heartbeat of music. It gives life to melodious
compositions.

Lesson 1

NOTES AND RESTS


What do you think songs are made of? When you read a musical
piece, perhaps you ask yourself how you can sing or play the piece or
maybe you want to interpret it. However, before you can interpret a
musical piece correctly, you must first learn the different types of notes
and rest and what they mean.
Musical note is as symbol that designates the duration and pitch of
a sound while musical rest designates the duration of a silence or the
absence of sound.
A note is composed of three parts, namely the stem, the hook, flag
or tail; and the head. The head may be shaded or unshaded. It also may
or may not have stem and a hook, flag or tail.

A note represent sounds in music. Each note has a distinct sound


and value while rest represents silence in music.

The value of a note or rest may be increased by adding a dot after


it. A dot adds one-half of the value of the note or rest.

A dotted note is worth the full value of the original note plus another
half of its value. Study these examples.

2+=3

Activity 1

2+1=3

Activity 2.

Look at each pizza. Choose the notes and rests inside the box and draw
them on the slice pizza that corresponds to their time value. Label each note or rest
and write the number of beats on the line.

1.

Name
Number of beats

2.
Name
Number of beats

3.

Name
Number of beats

4.
Name
Number of beats

Lesson 2
METER

If you notice, when you hear or sing a song you usually respond to it through
body movements like a fingers nodding your or swaying your body. What is in
music that makes your body move? Read on to find out.
Meter refers to the repetitive arrangement of strong and weak pulses or beats
in a musical composition. The word meter comes from the Greek word metron,
which means measure. Meter is notated at the beginning of a composition with a
time signature. The time signature is written with two numbers, one above the
other.
Meter also refers to the repetitive arrangement of strong and weak pulses or
beats in music.

If the counting of the beats is by twos, the meter is called duple:

If the counting of the beats is by threes, the meter is called triple:

If the counting of the beats is by fours, the meter is called quadruple:

Activity 1.

Activity 2.
Lesson 3
Rhythmic Patterns
Rhythm is as naturally part of your daily life as it is part of music. Rhythm is
what makes music interesting.
The word rhythm come from th Greek word rhytmos, deprived from rhein,
which means to follow or to stream.
A rhythmic pattern is a grouping of beats in the musical piece. These beats
can be grouped by twos, threes, or fours.
Here are some examples of rhythmic patterns. Study the combinations of the
notes and rests by following the counting. Notice the small numbers written on
duration of the note to be counted.

Activity 1.

Lesson 4
TIME SIGNATURE
A song may have fast, moderate, or slow beat or rhythm, depending on the
time signature. In this lesson you will learn about how time signature effects a

musical composition. You will also get to know how to conduct the three simple
time signatures in music.
Time signature is a fraction-like number written at the beginning of a
musical composition. The upper number tells the number of beats or pulses in each
measure. The lower number tells the kind of note that receives one beat.
Three simple time signatures;

Time signature
There are two beats in a measure. The lower the number (4) tells that the
note that receives one beat is a quarter note. This measure uses duple meter. This
means that there are two beats in every measure and accented or strong beat is
found on the first beat each measure.

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Here is how to conduct

Time signature:

Time signature

a quarter
that there are
strong beat

is

There are three beats in a measure. The lower the


number (4) tells that the note that receives one beat is
note. This measure uses triple meter. This means
three beats in every measure and accented or
found on the first count of the measure.

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Here is how to conduct Time

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signature:

Time

signature

There are four beats in a


measure. The
lower the number
(4) tells that the
note
that
receives
one
beat is a quarter
note.
This measure
uses
quadruple meter. This means
that there
are four beats in every measure and accented or strong beat is found
on the first count of the measure. This time signature is also known as the common
time signature. Sometimes the C is placed at the beginning of the staff to represent
this time signature.

>

>
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Here is how to conduct

Time signature:

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