TRADE

(Regents Questions 2000 2013)

THE MEDIEVAL WORLD TRADING SYSTEM

Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

concept does this map illustrate?

Balance of Power
Ethnocentrism
CULTURAL DIFFUSION
Self-sufficiency

Based
1)
2)
3)
4)

on this map of 13th-century world systems, which of these circuits was limited to one continent?
I
II
V
VI

The information on this map implies that trade made these regions
1) Militaristic
2) INTERDEPENDENT
3) Isolationist
4) Ethnocentric

Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

conclusion is supported by information provided by the map?

Traders depended mainly on river as avenues of transportation
More products were carried on the ocean than across land
Silk was the principal product traded
TRADERS OFTEN COMBINED SEA AND LAND ROUTES

Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

conclusion is supported by information provided by the map?

socialism
INTERDEPENDENCE
self-sufficiency
cultural isolation

Based on the information provided by this maps, which statement about urban areas between 650 and
1500 is accurate?
1) Most urbanization occurred in the Southern Hemisphere
2) Most urbanization is associated with a tropical climate
3) Most urban areas were located in Europe
4) MOST URBAN AREAS DEVELOPED NEAR WATERWAYS

Which title is best for the partial outline below?

1) Areas in the Hanseatic League
2) Route of European Crusaders

3) MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AND GOODS

4) Regions Under Mongol Control

IBN BATTUTA & MARCO POLO

One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that each
1) Started mass migrations from Europe
2) STIMULATED INTEREST IN OTHER CULTURES
3) Led to the establishment of colonies
4) Resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa
Historians value the writing of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta because they
1) SERVE AS PRIMARY SOURCES ABOUT TRADE AND CULTURE
2) Provide the basis for European holy books
3) Include advice on how to be a democratic ruler
4) Present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia
Marco
1)
2)
3)
4)

Polo and Ibn Battuta are best known for

Exploring the Western Hemisphere
Leading religious movements
Opening trade between Africa and Japan
PROVIDING EXTENSIVE INFORMATION ABOUT LANDS AND PEOPLE

Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo were similar in that both

1) ruled over vast empires that included diverse peoples
2) PRODUCED WRITTEN RECORDS OF THEIR EXTENSIVE TRAVELS
3) converted thousands of people to Christianity
4) fought to free their people from Mongol rule
The travels of Marco Polo and of Ibn Battuta were similar in that these travels
1) led to nationalistic movements
2) helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders
3) STIMULATED THE EXPANSION OF TRADE
4) supported democratic forms of government
The travels of Marco Polo resulted in the
1) introduction of gunpowder to China
2) decline of Mongol rule in China
3) EXPANSION OF TRADE BETWEEN CHINA AND EUROPE
4) use of Confucian teachings in Europe
What was one result of the travels of Marco Polo?
1) Africa remained isolated
2) Ottoman power decreased
3) Colonies were established in japan
4) INTEREST IN ASIAN CULTURES INCREASED
One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that they resulted in
1) AN INCREASED INTEREST IN DIFFERENT CULTURES
2) the development of slavery
3) a reduction in trade
4) the discovery of East Asia
Many achievements made during the Golden Ages of both Islam and the West African Kingdoms reached
European societies by way of
1) TRADE NETWORKS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA REGION
2) Trade expeditions between China and Africa
3) The voyages of Ferdinand Magellan
4) The travels of Commodore Matthew Perry
The journals of early travelers such as Ibn Battuta of Morocco, Zheng He of China, and Mansa Musa of Mali
are examples of
1) PRIMARY SOURCES DESCRIBING OBSERVATIONS OF THE TRAVELERS
2) works of fiction intended to describe the adventures of the travelers

3) secondary sources that record the travelers' interpretations of history

4) outdated resources for historical research

ZHENG HE & ISOLATION

Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

conclusion about Zheng Hes voyages is valid based on the information on this map?
His fleet traveled only as far as the Bay of Bengal
HIS EXPEDITIONS SAILED TO PORTS IN ASIA AND AFRICA
His fleet conquered and controlled Luzon
His expeditions traded directly with the interior of Africa

Which conclusion can be made about the Ming Dynasty of China as a result of the travels of Zheng He
1) China profited more from African trade than from Asian trade
2) Islam became the dominant religion of China
3) The Ming dynasty established trade routes to Europe
4) ADVANCED NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGY WAS AVAILABLE IN CHINA

Which conclusion is best supported by the map?

1) Eastern Chinese cities had extensive contact with the Persian Empire in 1405

2) Rivers and mountains prevented the expansion of overland Chinese trade

3) THE CHINESE CAME INTO CONTACT WITH PEOPLE OF OTHER CULTURES BETWEEN 1405
AND 1422
4) China was isolated from outside contact under the rulers of the Ming Empire

The map shows that on his voyages, Zheng He explored

1) both the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans
2) at the same time as the Spanish explorers
3) lands in the Western Hemisphere
4) ARABIA AND THE EAST COAST OF AFRICA
One result of the voyages of Zheng He was that
1) CHINESE MERCHANTS BEGAN TRADING WITH AFRICA
2) Christian missionaries arrived in China
3) Indian artisans showed the Chinese how to make Ming porcelain
4) China set up colonies in Europe
During the Ming Dynasty, why did China stop investing in overseas naval expeditions?
1) Many foreigners were imitating Chinese culture
2) CHINESE LEADERS SAW LITTLE VALUE IN EXPLORATION
3) People disagreed with Confuciuss demand for more territory
4) Chinese merchants were threatened by foreign competition.
Zheng
1)
2)
3)
4)

He contributed to the prosperity of China under the Ming dynasty by

defeating the Manchu invaders
constructing the Great Wall along the northern frontier
EXPANDING TRADE WITH NATIONS OF ASIA AND AFRICA
establishing colonies in Korea and Japan

Based on this map, which statement is most accurate concerning China between 1400 and 1500?

1)
2)
3)
4)

Most of China's commerce was conducted on overland trade routes

China remained isolated from outside contacts
The Ming dynasty traded more with Persia than with any other culture
CHINA INTERACTED AND TRADED WITH MANY DIVERSE CULTURES

SILK ROAD
Before the use of the Silk Road, how did geography affect early China?
1) THE MOUNTAINS AND DESERTS IN WESTERN AND SOUTHWESTERN CHINA SLOWED THE
EXCHANGE OF IDEAS
2) The northwestern region provided many fertile areas suitable for farming
3) The three major river systems provided barriers against invasion
4) The lack of deep-water ports on the eastern coast prevented China from developing trade with
other nations
The Silk Road was important because it allowed for the
1) exploration of China by the Roman Army
2) development of agriculture by the nomadic people of Central Asia
3) movement of Chinese armies through Southeast Asia
4) EXCHANGE OF GOODS BETWEEN ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EAST
Trade along the Silk Roads and the trans-Saharan trade routes resulted in
1) elimination of all traditional beliefs
2) a movement toward decolonization
3) the Columbian Exchange
4) CULTURAL DIFFUSION BETWEEN DIFFERENT SOCIETIES
One way in which the Silk Roads and the West African trade routes are similar is that along both routes
1) The main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
2) Concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
3) A single currency was used to make transactions easier
4) IDEAS WERE EXCHANGED AS MERCHANTS INTERACTED WITH EACH OTHER
The use of the Silk Road in Asia and caravan routes in northern Africa and southwestern Asia encouraged
1) self-sufficiency
2) cultural isolation
3) ethnocentrism
4) CULTURAL DIFFUSION

THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

conclusion can be drawn from the information provided by the map?

Africa was Europe's most active trading partner
The Hanseatic League controlled trade in the Black Sea
Asians and Europeans traded primarily by water routes
A VAST NETWORK OF TRADE ROUTES CONNECTED THE CENTERS OF TRADE IN EUROPE

How did the Commercial Revolution change economic practices in Europe?

1) The manorial system was established
2) A CAPITALIST ECONOMY WAS DEVELOPED
3) The Church became a major economic power

4) Colonies were granted independence

The introduction of banking, letters of credit, joint stock companies, and guilds contributed to the start of
the
1) Renaissance
2) Agricultural Revolution
3) Enlightenment
4) COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

One reason for the success of the cities in the Hanseatic League and the Italian city-states was that both
were
1) protected by mountains
2) isolated from the rest of Europe
3) ACCESSIBLE BY WATER
4) close to a network of navigable rivers
Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

economic practice developed as a result of the growth of the trade routes shown on the map?
CAPITALISM
hunting and gathering
subsistence farming
manorialism

The Commercial Revolution helped lead to the Industrial Revolution because during the Commercial
Revolution
1) the barter system was instituted
2) NEW FORMS OF BUSINESS WERE DEVELOPED
3) socialism was introduced to Europe
4) subsistence agriculture was promoted
During the Commercial Revolution, where did trading centers most often develop?
1) in the mountains
2) near grasslands
3) ALONG WATERWAYS
4) on the tundra
What
1
2
3
4

was one result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?

Decrease in the size of the middle class
Expansion of the manor system
DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Wider use of the barter system

What
1
2
3
4

was one result of the European Commercial Revolution?

A decline in the spice trade
The destruction of the papacy
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITALISM
An increase reliance on bartering

Which revolution in Europe is most closely associated with the rise of capitalism, the formation of guilds,
and the growth of banking systems?
1 COMMERCIAL

2
3
4

Scientific
Agrarian
Glorious

Which period in European history is most closely associated with the emergence of trade fairs, the
founding of guilds, and the creation of the Hanseatic League?
1 Age of Pericles
2 COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
3 Age of Reason
4 Glorious Revolution
In Europe, joint stock companies, shareholders, entrepreneurs, and the bourgeoisie contributed to the
1) RISE OF CAPITALISM
2) development of feudalism
3) decline of communism
4) increase in the power of guilds
Development and expansion of banking, insurance companies, and stock exchanges were essential to the
system of
1) feudalism
2) tribute
3) CAPITALISM
4) bartering
Which revolution led to the concept of banking, the creation of guilds, and the development of capitalism
in Europe?
1 COMMERCIAL
2 Agricultural
3 Scientific
4 Industrial
The development of banking during the Commercial Revolution in western Europe was significant because
it
1 PROVIDED CAPITAL RESOURCES TO MERCHANTS FOR INVESTMENT
2 Allowed peasant farmers to finance the construction of new homes
3 Enable the proletariat to challenge the bourgeoisie
4 Created pensions for retired workers

This passage best illustrates circumstances that characterized the

1 Crusades
2 Age of Reason
3 COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
4 Scientific Revolution

TRADING CITIES
One reason for the growth and success of 9th century cities such as Baghdad, Constantinople, and Ch'angAn (Xian) was that they
1) were part of the Roman Empire
2) tolerated religious diversity
3) traded only with people from their immediate region
4) WERE LOCATED ON MAJOR TRADE ROUTES

The economic wealth of Calicut, Mogadishu, and Venice in the 13 th century was primarily dependent on
their
1) Fertile soil
2) Iron Ore
3) Gold Mines
4) COASTAL LOCATIONS
Venice in Europe, Mogadishu in Africa, and Canton in China emerged during the 13th century primarily as
important centers of
1) agriculture
2) TRADE
3) manufacturing
4) mining
One way in which 14th century Mali in Africa and 14th-century Venice in Italy are similar is that both
1) Were land-locked city-states
2) Developed economies based primarily on agriculture
3) BECAME WEALTHY AND POWERFUL AS A RESULT OF TRADE
4) Were centers for Islamic learning
Which geographic factor enabled the cities of Nanjing and Mogadishu to develop into powerful trading
centers?
1) LOCATION ON WATERWAYS
2) Abundance of natural resources
3) Predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle
4) Access to mountain passes
During the 1400s, the cities of Venice, Constantinople, and Canton achieved prominence because their
1) LOCATIONS WERE FAVORABLE FOR TRADE
2) pleasant climates led to an increase in population
3) democratic governments attracted trade
4) military power led to industrialization

Which
1)
2)
3)
4)

title best completes this graphic organizer?

LOCATIONS WERE FAVORABLE FOR TRADE
pleasant climates led to an increase in population
democratic governments attracted trade
military power led to industrialization

CONSTANTINOPLE

Based on the information provided by this map, which statement about Constantinople is accurate?

1)
2)
3)
4)

Africans traded more goods in Constantinople than in any other area

Constantinople was a city located on the Mediterranean Sea
Gold was the primary commodity that China sent to Constantinople
CONSTANTINOPLE WAS AN IMPORTANT TRADING CENTER

Constantinople was a thriving city in the 1200s mainly because of its location on a major trade route
between
1 China and Southern Africa
2 The Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea
3 The Inca empire and the Aztec Empire
4 ASIA AND EASTERN EUROPE
Constantinople became the center of the Byzantine Empire because
1 the pope had made it the capital of the Christian world
2 it was the religious center for Muslims
3 ITS LOCATION MADE IT THE CROSSROADS OF EUROPE AND ASIA
4 it was geographically isolated from surrounding empires
The strategic location of the Byzantine Empire allowed control of the key trade routes between the
1 South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca
2 Caspian Sea and the Indian Ocean
3 North Sea and the English Channel
4 BLACK SEA AND THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Constantinoples location on the Bosporus Strait was one reason that the Byzantine Empire was able to
1 conquer the Russian city of Moscow
2 spread Judaism throughout western Europe
3 CONTROL KEY TRADE ROUTES BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA
4 unite the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches
Which factor contributed to the success of the Hanseatic League, the Kingdom of Songhai, and the British
East India Company?
1) Location in the Middle East
2) Imperialism in Europe
3) DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE WITH OTHER REGIONS
4) Growth of the Ottoman Empire
The result of the Opium War in China was similar to the result of Commodore Perry's expedition to Japan in
that both events
1) INCREASED WESTERN TRADE AND INFLUENCE IN ASIA
2) established European colonies in China and Japan
3) promoted democratic governments in Asia
4) increased the economic isolation of China and Japan
The growth of maritime and overland trading routes led to
1) decreased interest in inventions an technology
2) the limited migration of peoples
3) INCREASED CULTURAL DIFFUSION
4) the development of subsistence agriculture
The Ming emperor banned the building of large oceangoing ships in 1433
The Tokugawa shogun issued the Act of Seclusion in 1636
One way in which these historical occurrences are similar is that both led to increased
1) Social mobility
2) Globalization
3) Cultural diffusion
4) ISOLATION